A1-A2 - Pile Foundation

Design Note
Rehabilitation and Upgradation of NH-43 from Km 130+000 to 180+000 (Kanker to Bedma Section) Two
Project : Lane with Paved Shoulder in State of Chhattisgarh under NHDP-IV Phase through Engineering,
Procurement & Constructions (EPC) Basis Contract.
Client : Public Works Department NH Zone Chhattisgrah

Ministry of Road Transport & Highway, Govt. of India
Bloom Companies, LLC

Authority Engineer : India Gurgaon Branch, Bloom Infrastructure & Logistics Private Limited,
1105-B well done Tech Park, Sector - 48, Sohna Road, Gurgaon, Haryana-122018
M/s Valecha Engineering.Ltd

EPC Contractor : Plot No. B-6, 7th floor, Lokhandwala Complex, Valecha Chambers, New Link Road, Andheri West-Azad Nagar, Mumbai-
400053
Title :
Design of RCC Abutment (A1 & A2) with Pile Foundation of MJBR at Chainage : K.M. 140+290
Document No. : Project Code Doc. No. Sr. No. Revision
R0
Design By Checked By Checked By Reviewed By

Date of Rev.
Purpose / Remark Design Consultant Proof Consultant Safety Consultant Authority Engineer
issue No.
Initials Sign Initials Sign Initials Sign Initials Sign
29-07-2020 R0 For Approval
Shree Bhawani Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd.

Design Consultant : First Floor, F-101, 102A, R.B. Tower, Chunnabhatti, Bhopal M.P. - 462016
E-mail: sbcspl@hotmail.com Website: www.sbcspl.com
References :
1 Standard Specifications & Code of Practice for Road Bridges: IRC : 06-2017 (Loads & Stresses).
2 Guidelines for the Design of Small Bridges & Culverts : IRC : 13-2004
3 Code of Practice for Concrete Road Bridges : IRC : 112-2011
Design of Abutment of Major Bridge A1 &
A2 _Pile Foundation
Sr. No. Design Chainage (CA) Proposed Chainage (P&P)
1 140+290 140+290
Design of Abutment
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE BRIDGE :
Span c/c of brg. = 22.50 m

c/L of brg. c/L of exp. joint = 0.50 m
Exp. Gap = 20.00 mm
Overall span = 23.50 m
Total Depth of super-structure = 1.92 m

Wearing Coat thickness = 50 mm
Depth of Bearing + Pedestal (minimum) = 150 mm
Overall carriageway width = 12.9 m

Clear carriageway width = 11.9 m
Cross Camber = 2.50%
MATERIAL USED & THERE PROPERTIES :

CONCRETE
Grade of Concrete fck = M 35 Mpa
Mean value of concrete compressive strength fcm = M 45 Mpa
Design Concrete compressive strength fcd = 0.447 *fck
= 15.63 MPa
Secant Modulus of Elasticity Ecm = 32308 MPa
Mean axial tensile strength fctm = 2.77 Mpa
REINFORCING STEEL
Grade of Reinforcement fyk = Fe 500 Mpa
Design yield strength of reinforcement fyd = 0.870 *fyk
= 435 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity Es = 200000 Mpa
3
RCC Density = 2.5 t/m
3
Dry density of earth = 2.0 t/m
ANALYSES ASSUMPTION
Enviromental parameters
Relative humidity = 70 %
Exposure condition = Moderate
Modulus of Elasticity for Concrete

For short Term loading Ecm = 32308 Mpa
For long Term loading Ecm' = Ecm/ (1+f)
f = Creep coefficent
Creep coefficent for Foundation f = 1 ( As ho =  , For foundations)

Ecm' = 16154 Mpa
Design of Abutment
Creep for abutment shaft
Cross-sectional Area Ac = 11.61 m2
Perimeter in contact with atmosphere u = 12.90 m
Notational size ho 2Ac/u = 1800 mm
Age of concrete at the time of loading (to) = 90 days
t considered = 25550 days
f = 1.34 (Refer Appendix B)
@ 1.47 *(Increased by 10% on the conservative side)
Ecm' = 13055 N/mm2
SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE :

Max permissible Stress in Concrete
Rare Combination = 0.48*fck = 16.8 Mpa
Quasi permanent Combination = 0.36*fck = 12.6 Mpa
Max permissible Stress in Steel (Quasi) = 0.8*fyk = 400 Mpa

Max permissible Stress in Steel (Rare) = 0.6*fyk = 300 Mpa
Permissible crack width wk,max = 0.3 mm
SEISMIC PARAMETER
Seismic Zone = III
Type of soil = medium
Zone factor Z = 0.16
Importance factor I = 1.2
Response Reduction Factor, Rlong. = 3
(Amendment no. 1/May 2015/
Response Reduction Factor, Rtrans. = 1 IRC:6-2014 clause 219.5)
Response Reduction Factor, Rvert. = 3
Design of Abutment
LEVEL DETAILS :
Formation level = 341.500 m
Ground Level = 335.039 m
Pile Cap Top Level = 334.539 m
Thickness of Pile Cap = 1.80 m
Pile Cap Bottom Level = 332.739 m
Length of pile below pile cap bottom = 22.00 m
Pile Founding Level = 310.739 m
Pile Diamenter = 1.2 m
Pile capacity Vertical = 342 Tonne */(Non-Seismic case)

= 428 Tonne */(Seismic Case)
Pile capacity Horizontal = 60 Tonne */(Non-Seismic case)
12.9
0.5 0 11.9 0 0.5
x1 0.050 thick WC
341.500
2.5%
1.92
0.15
Cap Top : 339.260
1.65 3.2 c/c of bearing
Nos. of Girder = 4 Nos.

C/c of Girder = 3.2 m SQ
= 3.2 m Sk
Sign Convention :
MTT
MLL
Design of Abutment
ABUTMENT COMPONENT :-
0.300 0.300
3.50 FRL 341.500
0.300 4
2.240
1
10 0.510 0.500 CAP TOP 339.260
1 2 0.500
3
0.000
6.96
9a
0.360 0.900 0.050
1.310 8.761
9 4.221
6
0.000
GL 335.039
2.100 0.900 2.100

Pile Cap Top 334.539
7 1.8
Pile Cap Bottom 332.739
5.100
Design of Abutment
2.100 0.90 2.100
1.2
12.900
13.500
5.100
ABUTMENT FOUNDATION PLAN
1.310
1.65
3.2
1.6
12.900
1.6
3.2
1.65
0.500
c/L brg
ABUTMENT CAP PLAN
Design of Abutment
12.900
0.500
0.000
0.00 12.900 0.00
0.000
12.900
FORCES DUE TO SELFWEIGHT OF SUB_STRUCTURE & FOUNDATION :

Forces @ pile cap bottom (L-T) Axis
eL = Cg. from c/L of pile group (along L-L axis)
eT = Cg. Form c/L of pile group ( along T-T axis)
eY = Cg. From cg of pile group from pile cap bottom
Calculating Selfweight of Sub-structure :

Element Area Factor B H L V W eY eL eT
3
m m m m Tonne m m m
Dirt Wall & Abutment Cap
1 1 0.300 2.240 12.9 8.67 21.67 7.64 -0.66 0.00
2 1 1.31 0.500 12.9 8.45 21.12 6.27 -0.16 0.00
3a 0.5 0.36 0.000 12.9 0.00 0.00 6.02 -0.57 0.00
3b 0.5 0.050 0.000 12.9 0.00 0.00 6.02 0.47 0.00
3c 1 0.900 0.000 12.9 0.00 0.00 6.02 0.00 0.00
Pedestal 4 0.7 0.21 0.7 0.41 1.03 6.66 0 0.00
Total 17.53 43.82 6.96 -0.40 0.00
*/ Increase Abutment cap weight by 5% on account of safety factor.
Abutment Cap weight Considered 18.41 46.02 6.96 -0.40 0.00
Abutment Shaft
6 1 0.900 4.22 12.90 49.01 122.5 3.011 0.00 0.00
Abutment shaft weight considered 49.01 122.51 3.01 0.00 0.00

67.41 169 4.09 -0.11 0.000
Design of Abutment
Calculating Selfweight Pile Cap:
Element Area Factor No.s B H L V W eY eL eT
m m m m3 Tonne m m m
Pile Cap
7 1 1 5.1 1.8 13.5 123.93 309.83 0.90 0 0
Total Footing weight 123.93 309.83 0.90 0.00 0.00
Return wall
14 1 2 0.500 6.961 2.1 14.62 36.55 4.38 -1.5 0
15 0.5 2 0 6.961 2.1 0.00 0.00 1.80 0 0
Total Footing weight 14.62 36.55 4.38 -1.50 0.00
Earth Weight over Pile Cap

Element Area Factor No.s B H L V W eY eL eT
m m m m3 Tonne m m m
Earth weight
10 1 13.5 0.500 5.1 34.43 68.85 2.05 0.00 0.00
11 Deduction 0.900 0.500 5.1 -2.30 -5.74 2.05 0.00 0.00
Earth column
12 0.5 13.5 7.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.12 -1.05 0.00
13 1 13.5 7.0 0.000 0.00 0.00 5.28 -1.05 0.00
Total Earth weight 32.13 63.11 2.05 0.00 0.00

Total Earth weight increased by 20% 38.56 75.74 2.05 0.00 0.00
Total Sub-structure + Pile Cap 244.52 590.64 2.17 -0.12 0
Total Weight of sub-structure & foundation = 590.64 T

Lever arm from cg of pile cap (along LL axis) = -0.12 m
Moment MTT = -73.27 Tm
Lever arm about c/L base (along TT axis) = 0m

Moment MLL = 0 Tm
Design of Abutment
Finding creep coefficent for sub-structure :
fck = 35 Mpa (Considering Precast Beam material)
fcm = 45 Mpa
t = 25550 days
to = 90 days
f (t, to) = fo bc( t , to )
fo = fRHbfcmbto
fRH = 1+ 1 - RH/100 for fcm ≤ 45 Mpa

0.1 ( ho )1/3
1+ 1 - RH/100 for fcm > 45 Mpa

a1 *a2
0.1 ( ho )1/3
RH = Relative humidity
= 70 %
ho = 1800 mm
a1 = [ 43.75 / fcm ]0.7 = 0.9805
a2 = [ 43.75 / fcm ]0.2 = 0.9944
fRH = 1.247
bfcm = 18.78 / √fcm

= 2.800
bto = 1/ (0.1+ to0.2)

= 0.391
fo = 1.364
bc( t , to) = [ (t-to) / (bH +t -to) ]0.3
bH = Min 1.5 [ 1+ (0.012 RH)18 ] ho +250 for fcm ≤ 35 Mpa

1500
Min 1.5 [ 1+ (0.012 RH)18 ] ho +250 a3 for fcm > 35 Mpa

1500* a3
a2 = [ 43.75 / fcm ]0.5 = 0.986
bH = 1479
bc( t , to) = 0.983
f (t, to) = 1.34

Design of Abutment
DEAD LOAD CALCULATION OF SUPER-STRUCTURE :
1.31
Dead Load Reaction from Super-Structure
Forces @ L-T axis at c/L pile cap
Total Vertical Load = 217 T B1
Cg of super-structure From Deck Top = 0.62 m 3.2
Eccentricty in long direction from c/L of pile group = 0.000 m B2
Eccentricty in trans direction from c/L of pile group = 0.00 m 3.2
Moment MLL = 0.00 Tm B3
Moment MTT = 0.0 Tm 3.2
B4
Forces @ L-T axis at c/L Pile Cap bottom 3.2
Vertical Load (Sup DL Reaction) = 217 Tonne B5
Moment MTT = 0.0 Tm
Eccentricity along LL-axis eL = 0.0 m
Moment MLL = 0.0 Tm 0.000
Eccentricity along TT-axis eT = 0.0 m c/L of pile group
Cg. From pile cap bottom = 8.14 m
Design of Abutment
*/ Calculation of Selfweight of Super-Structure :

Overall Span = 23.5 m
C/c of Bearing = 22.50 m
Girder Overhang from brg. = 0.500 m
Total Deck Width = 12.9 m
Thickness of Deck = 0.220 m
Total depth of super-structure = 1.92 m
Nos. of Girder = 4 Nos.
Depth of girder = 1.7 m
c/c of Girders = 3.2 m square
= 3.200 m skew
Thickness of Cross diaphgram = 0.4 m square
= 0.400 m skew
Density of RCC = 2.5 T/m
12.9
0.220
Nos. of Girder = 4 1.700 1.920
1.650 3.200
Super-structure Cross-section
Girder Cross-Section :
0.750 0.750
1 0.150 1 0.150
2 0.075 2 0.023
3
3
0.25 1.700 1.700
4 0.150
5 0.250
0.600 0.600
Section at Mid Span Section at Support
0.400
0.300
0.600 0.25
0.500 1.200 1.200 8.85

11.25
Design of Abutment
Section Property of Girder At Mid Span

Elemen B D A cgy'
Factor Nos.
t No. m m m2 m
1 1 0.250 0.15 2 0.075 0.075
2 0.5 0.250 0.075 2 0.019 0.175
3 1 0.25 1.700 1 0.425 0.850
4 0.5 0.175 0.15 2 0.026 1.400
5 1 0.175 0.25 2 0.088 1.575
Total 0.633 0.861
Section Property of Girder At Support Section

Elemen B D A cgy'
Factor Nos.
t No. m m m2 m
1 1 0.075 0.15 2 0.023 0.075
2 0.5 0.075 0.02 2 0.002 0.158
3 1 0.6 1.7 1 1.020 0.850
Total 1.044 0.832
Self weight of Precast Beam

2.61 t/m
1.58 t/m
c/L
0.5 1.2 1.2 8.85

11.25
Reaction due to Self Weight of each Girder

Description wt/m Length weight cg. From top
T/m m T m
Weight of Support Section 2.61 1.7 4.4378 0.832
Weight of Transition section 2.10 1.2 2.52 0.847
Weight of mid span 1.58 8.85 13.99 0.861
Total Reaction 20.95 0.853

Total weight of one Girder = 41.89 Tonne
Total Nos. of girder = 4 Nos.
Total weight of all girders = 167.58 Tonne
Calculating weight of superstructure Cg. From Deck

Weight Top
Weight of all Girder = 168 T 1.07 m
Weigth of Concrete Deck = 167 T 0.11 m
End Diaphragm = 23 T 0.82 m
Intemediate = 17.7 0.95 m
Total Concrete Weight = 375 T 0.62 m

Reaction Over Each End = 187 Tonne
Total Reaction at Each support (16% increased) = 217 Tonne

Cg. From Deck Top = 0.62 m
Design of Abutment
Calculation of SIDL
12.9
0.5 0 11.9 0 0.5
0.050 thick WC
Crash Barrier Weight = 1.0 t/m

Total Vertical Load = 23.5 T
Cg above Deck Top = 0.476 m
Eccentricty in long direction from c/L of pile group = 0.00 m
Eccentricty in trans direction from c/L of pile group = 0.0 m
Moment MLL = 0.0 Tm
Moment MTT = 0.0 Tm
Forces @ L-T axis at c/L Pile Cap bottom

Vertical Load (Sup DL Reaction) = 23.5 Tonne
Moment MTT = 0.0 Tm
Moment MLL = 0.0 Tm
Eccentricity along TT-axis eT = 0.00 m
SURFACING REACTION FROM SUPER-STRUCTURE :

2
Wearing coat = 0.2 t/m
Total Vertical Load = 28.0 T
Cg of above Deck Top = 0.033 m
Eccentricty in long direction from c/L of pile group = 0.000 m
Eccentricty in trans direction from c/L of pile group = 0.0 m
Moment MLL = 0.0 Tm
Moment MTT = 0.00 Tm
Transfering Forces @ c/L of Pile cap

Forces @ L-T axis at c/L Pile Cap bottom
Vertical Load (Sup DL Reaction) = 29.9 Tonne
Moment MTT = 0.0 Tm
Moment MLL = 0.0 Tm
Eccentricity along TT-axis eT = 0.0 m
Design of Abutment
FINDING LIVE LOAD REACTIONS OVER ABUTMENT/PIER
23.50
22.50
SPAN_1 0.5 22.5 0.5
CLASS A
TYPE 1 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 11.4 11.4 2.7 2.7
DIST 3 3 3 4.3 1.2 3.2 1.1
CLASS 70R Wheeled

TYPE 2 8 12 12 17 17 17 17
DIST 3.96 1.52 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37
CLASS 70R Tracked

TYPE 3 7 14 14 14 14 7
DIST 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95
Reactions R11 R12 Transverse Ecc

LC Tonne Tonne
Maximum Reaction Case :
I Class A 38.4 11.6 4.65
II Class 70R wheeled 79.0 21.0 3.36
III Class 70R tracked 63.4 6.61 3.30
IV Class A 2Lane 76.8 23.2 2.90
V Class A 3Lane 115.2 34.8 1.15
VI Class 70RW + Class A 117.4 32.6 2.02
VII Class A 4Lane 153.7 46.3 -0.60
VIII Class 2A + Class 70RW 155.8 44.2 0.25
IX Class 1A + 70R Tracked 101.8 18.2 2.53
X
XI
Class 2A + Class 70RW 155.8 44.2 0.2
Cg above FRL = 1.20 m

Forces due to LL about base slab toe : Max Reaction Min Reaction
Vertical Load (CW LL Reaction) = 156 Tonne 44 Tonne
Lever arm about Cg of Pile group (along L-L axis) = 0m 0m
Moment MTT = 0.00 Tm 0.0 Tm
Lever arm about c/L base (along T-T axis) = 0.25 m 0.25 m
Moment MLL = 38.31 Tm 10.86 Tm
Cg above FRL = 1.20 m

Design of Abutment
Maximum Possible Eccentricity in transverse direction

I) Class A
27.7 27.7
0.4 1.8 C/L Ecc = 4.65 m
0.5 5.95
II) Class A 2 Lane

27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 C/L
0.4 1.8 1.7 1.8 Ecc = 2.9 m
||
0.5 5.95
III) Class A 3 Lane

27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 C/L
0.4 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 Ecc = 1.15 m
|| ||
0.5 5.95
C/L
IV) Class A 4 Lane
27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7
0.4 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8
|| || ||
0.5 5.95 Ecc = -0.600 m
V) Class 70R Wheeled

50 50
C/L
1.63 1.93 Ecc = 3.36 m
0.5 5.95
VII) Class 70R Wheeled + Class A 1 Lane

50 50 27.7 27.7 C/L
1.625 1.93 1.88 1.8 Ecc = 2.02 m
||
0.5 5.95
VIII) Class A 2 Lane + Class 70R (W)-I

27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7 C/L 50 50
0.4 1.8 1.7 1.8 || 1.98 1.93
||
0.5 5.95
Ecc = 0.25 m
Design of Abutment
IX) Class 70R (W)+Class A 2 Lane-II

C/L
50 50 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.7
1.63 1.93 3.94 1.8 1.7 1.8
|| ||
0.5 5.95
Ecc = -0.616 m
X) Class 70R Tracked

35 35 C/L
1.625 2.05 Ecc = 3.30 m
0.5 5.95
XI) Class A 1 Lane + Class 70R Tracked

27.7 27.7 35 35 C/L
0.4 1.8 1.875 2.05 Ecc = 2.53 m
||
0.5 5.95
XII) Class 70R Tracked + Class A 1 Lane

35 35 27.7 27.7 C/L
1.625 2.05 1.875 1.8 Ecc = 1.62 m
||
0.5 5.95
XIII) Class 70R Tracked ( 2 lane )

50 50 50 50 C/L
1.63 1.93 4.12 1.93 Ecc = 0.33 m
||
0.5 5.95
Design of Abutment
CALCULATION OF LONGITUDINAL HORIZONTAL FORCES (NORMAL and SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL

CASE):
Maximum LL over span :
Class A = 38.41 tonne
Class 70 R = 79.01 tonne
Breaking Force Fh = 79.005 x 0.2 + 38.41 x 0.05

= 17.72 tonne
Coefficent of thermal expansion = 0.0000117 / oC
o
Maximum temperature = 50 C
o
Minimum temperature = 0 C
o
Bridge Temprature = 35 C
Longitudinal strain = 0.00041
Shrinkage coefficent = 0.0002
Total strain for longitudinal movement = 0.00061
Horizontal movement = 0.00061 x 23.50 x 1000

2
= 7.162 mm
Size of bearing = 400 x 350 x 80 mm
Strain in bearing = 7.162 = 0.08952

80
Shear modulus = 1 Mpa

Shear force per Bearing = 0.0895 x 1.0 x 400 x 350
= 12532.8 N = 1.278 t
Total shear force for 4 bearings ( with 5 % increase )
= 1.278 x 4 x 1.05
= 5.366 t
Refer IRC : 6 clause 214.5.1.5;
10 % increase for variation in movement of span
Total shear force = 1.1 x 5.366
= 5.902 t
As per clause 214.2 of IRC:6, horizontal braking force F h, for each span is:
For Class A Single lane Fh = 0.2 x 55.40 = 11.08 t
Design of Abutment
Class A 2 lane Fh = 11.08 t
For class 70R wheeled Fh = 0.2 x 100.0 = 20 t
Longitudinal force per support

For Class A 3 lane = 11.080 + 5.902 = 11.44 t
2
For 70 R + class A = 20 + 5.902 = 15.90 t

2
Horizontal force at Brg. Level
i) = 11.4 tonne
FLongitudinal = Max. of
ii) = 15.9 tonne
= MAX(11.44 , 15.9)
= 15.90 tonne
FLongitudinal = 15.90 tonne
Forces due to LL Longitudinal Forces, about bottom of pile cap :

Longitudinal Force HL = 15.9 Tonne
Lever arm from Pile cap bottom = 6.79 m
Moment in about transverse axis MTT = 108.0 tm
ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE CALCULATION FOR OVER-TURNING & SLIDING:
A) Non-Seismic Case :
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure
Active Earth Pressure
Backfill Soil Parameter

f = 30 o = 0.524 Radians
d = 20 o = 0.349 Radians
dsubmerged = 10 o = 0.175 Radians
i = 0o = 0 Radians
a = 90.00 o = 1.571 Radians
3
gdry = 2 t/m
3
gsat = 2 t/m
3
gsub = 1 t/m
2
LL surcharge intensity q = 2.4 t/m
Abutment Length L = 12.9 m

Footing Base width B = 2.1 m
Ka Dry = 0.297
Ka' Submerged = 0.308
1) LWL CONDITION
Ka = 0.297
Ka' = 0.308
3
gdry = 2 t/m
3
gsub = 1 t/m
d = 20 o
dsubmerged = 10 o
2
q = 2.4 t/m
L = 12.9 m
B = 2.1 m
FRL 341.500
6.461 4
1
2
LWL 335.039 0.7128 t/m
2
3.838 t/m
2.300 2 5
3
PCB 332.739
2 2
Kagh = 4.546 t/m Ka*q 0.7392 t/m
Earth Pressure Surcharge Pressure
Total Active Earth Presure

Component Factor p h L F d F*Cosd ey F*Sind ex
T/m2 m m Tonne deg Tonne m Tonne m
1 0.5 3.84 6.46 12.90 159.94 20 150.29 5.01 54.70 -2.1

2 1 3.84 2.30 12.90 113.87 10 112.14 1.15 19.77 -2.1
3 0.5 0.71 2.30 12.90 10.51 10 10.35 0.77 1.82 -2.1
Total 284.31 272.78 3.26 76.30 -2.1
Total Active Earth Pressure = 284.31 Tonne

Horizontal Component = 272.78
Lever arm = 3.26
Vertical Component = 76.30

Lever arm = -2.10 m
Net Moment MTT = 730.16 Tm
Total Surcharge pressure

Component Factor p h L F ey
T/m2 m m Tonne m
4 1 0.7128 6.461 12.9 59.4097 5.5305

5 1 0.7392 2.3 12.9 21.9321 1.15
Total 81.3417 4.34939

Total Surcharge Pressure = 81.34 Tonne
Lever arm above base = 4.35 m
2) HFL CONDITION
Ka = 0.297
Ka' = 0.308
3
gdry = 2 t/m
3
gsub = 1 t/m
d = 20 o
dsubmerged = 10 o
2
q = 2.4 t/m
L = 12.9 m
B = 2.1 m
FRL 341.500
5.812 4
1
2
HFL 335.688 0.7128 t/m
2
3.452 t/m
2.949 2 5
3
PCB 332.739
2 2
Kagh = 4.361 t/m Ka*q 0.7392 t/m

1 0.5 3.4523 5.812 12.9 129.42 20 121.61 5.39004 44.26 -2.1

2 1 3.4523 2.949 12.9 131.33 10 129.34 1.4745 22.81 -2.1
3 0.5 0.9083 2.949 12.9 17.28 10 17.01 0.983 3.00 -2.1
Total 278.029 267.967 3.220 70.06977 -2.1

Lever arm = 3.22

Lever arm = -2.10 m

T/m2 m m Tonne m
4 1 0.7128 5.812 12.9 53.442 5.855

5 1 0.7392 2.949 12.9 28.1207 1.4745
Total 81.5628 4.34472

SUMMARY OF FORCES FOR OVERTURNING AND SLIDING
SUMMARY ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE :
Description Earth Pressure
Horizontal ( HL ) MTT (Dest) Vertical ( V ) MTT (Steb)
Tonne Tm Tonne Tm
1) LWL Condition 273 890
76 -160
2) HFL Condition 268 863

70 -147
SUMMARY SURCHARGE PRESSURE :

Description Surcharge Pressure
Horizontal ( HL ) MTT (Dest)
Tonne Tm
SUMMARY OF FORCES FOR BASE PRESSURE
Total base width = 2.1 m

Distance from toe to shaft back = 2.10 m

Tonne Tm Tonne Tm
76 -160

70 -147

Tonne Tm

ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE CALCULATION FOR SHAFT
A) Non-Seismic Case :
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure
Active Earth Pressure
Backfill Soil Parameter

f = 30 o = 0.524 Radians
d = 20 o = 0.349 Radians
dsubmerged = 10 o = 0.175 Radians
i = 0o = 0 Radians
a = 90.00 o = 1.571 Radians
3
gdry = 2 t/m
3
gsat = 2 t/m
3
gsub = 1 t/m
2
LL surcharge intensity q = 2.4 t/m
Abutment Length L = 12.9 m

Footing Base width B = 2.1 m
Ka Dry = 0.297
Ka' Submerged = 0.308
1) LWL CONDITION
Ka = 0.297
Ka' = 0.308
3
gdry = 2 t/m
3
gsub = 1 t/m
d = 20 o
dsubmerged = 10 o
2
q = 2.4 t/m
L = 12.9 m
B = 2.1 m
FRL 341.500
6.461 4
1
2
LWL 335.039 0.7128 t/m
2
3.838 t/m
0.500 2 5
3
PCT 334.539
2 2
Kagh = 3.992 t/m Ka*q 0.7392 t/m

1 0.5 3.84 6.46 12.90 159.94 20 150.29 3.21 54.70 -2.1

2 1 3.84 0.50 12.90 24.75 10 24.38 0.25 4.30 -2.1
3 0.5 0.15 0.50 12.90 0.50 10 0.49 0.17 0.09 -2.1
Total 185.19 175.16 2.79 59.09 -2.1

Lever arm = 2.79

Lever arm = -2.10 m

T/m2 m m Tonne m
4 1 0.7128 6.461 12.9 59.4097 3.7305

5 1 0.7392 0.5 12.9 4.76784 0.25
Total 64.1775 3.47193

2) HFL CONDITION
Ka = 0.297
Ka' = 0.308
3
gdry = 2 t/m
3
gsub = 1 t/m
d = 20 o
dsubmerged = 10 o
2
q = 2.4 t/m
L = 12.9 m
B = 2.1 m
FRL 341.500
5.812 4
1
2
HFL 335.688 0.7128 t/m
2
3.452 t/m
1.149 2 5
3
PCT 334.539
2 2
Kagh = 3.806 t/m Ka*q 0.7392 t/m

1 0.5 3.4523 5.812 12.9 129.42 20 121.61 3.59004 44.26 -2.1

2 1 3.4523 1.149 12.9 51.17 10 50.39 0.5745 8.89 -2.1
3 0.5 0.3539 1.149 12.9 2.62 10 2.58 0.383 0.46 -2.1
Total 183.212 174.59 2.672 53.60497 -2.1

Lever arm = 2.67

Lever arm = -2.10 m

T/m2 m m Tonne m
4 1 0.7128 5.812 12.9 53.442 4.055

5 1 0.7392 1.149 12.9 10.9565 0.5745
Total 64.3985 3.46284

SUMMARY OF FORCES FOR OVERTURNING AND SLIDING
Tonne Tm Tonne Tm
0 0

0 0

Tonne Tm
SUMMARY OF FORCES FOR BASE PRESSURE
Total base width = 2.1 m

Distance from toe to shaft back = 2.10 m

Tonne Tm Tonne Tm
0 0

0 0

Tonne Tm

Design of Abutment
SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION :
Time Period Calculation T = 2 D
1000 F
D = Approximate DL of super-structure & LL in Tonne (DL+20% LL)
= 217 + 31 t
= 248 Tonne
F = Horizontal force in Tonne required to be applied at center of mass of

super-structure for 1 mm deflection at the top of pier / abutment
along the considered direction of horizontal force.
F = 6EI for 1 mm deflection at x F

x2*(3L-x) 1.12
Top of abut. cap
2
E = 32308 N/mm
Column Cross-Section 1 mm deflection
B = 12.9 m 4.72
D = 0.9 m (Average)
4
IL = 7.83675E+11 m
4
IT = 1.61002E+14 m
Force required in Long. Dir.FL = 53 tonne

Force required in Trans. Dir. FT = 10938 tonne
Time Period -Longitudinal Seismic Case = 0.14

Time Period -Transverse Seismic Case = 0.01
Sa/g -Longitudinal Seismic Case = 2.5 (IRC:6-2014 clause

Sa/g -Transverse Seismic Case = 1 219.5, Page 53)
Sa/g -Vertical Seismic Case = 2.5
Seismic Zone = III

Type of soil = medium
Zone factor Z = 0.16
Importance factor I = 1.2
Horizontal seismic coeff. -Long., AhL' = (Z/2)*(I)*(Sa/g)(Long.) = 0.24

Horizontal seismic coeff. -Trans., AhT' = (Z/2)*(I)*(Sa/g)(Trans.) = 0.096
Vertical seismic coeff. Av' =2/3 Ah = 0.16
Response Reduction Factor, Rlong. = 3

Response Reduction Factor, Rtrans. = 1
Response Reduction Factor, Rvert. = 3
Design Horizontal Longitudinal seismic coeff., AhL = Ah'/R(Long.) = 0.080

Design Horizontal Transverse seismic coeff., AhT = Ah'/R(Trans.) = 0.096
Design Vertical Seismic Coefficient - Av= Av'/R(vert.) = 0.053
For Design of Foundations Seismic Forces are increased by 35%

Design Horizontal Longitudinal seismic coeff., AhL = Ah'/R(Long.) = 0.108
Design Horizontal Transverse seismic coeff., AhT = Ah'/R(Trans.) = 0.130
Design Vertical Seismic Coefficient - Av= Av'/R(vert.) = 0.072
Design of Abutment
SEISMIC COMPONENT OF SUPER-STRUCTURE DL & SIDL :
Longitudinal Horizontal seismic coefficent AhL = 0.108
Transverse Horizontal seismic coefficent AhT = 0.130
Vertical seismic coefficent AV = 0.072
Forces @ Pile cap bottom & Their Lever arm from pile cap bottom
Description W ey
Tonne m
Total Super-Structure DL = 435 8.14
Total Super-Structure SIDL = 47 9.24
Total Surfacing weight = 60 8.79
Total 541 8.3

W = Weight of super-structure
ey = Cg. above base slab in vertical direction
Distance From Pile cap bottom to bearing top = 6.79 m
SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL :
Longitudinal seismic coefficent AhL = 0.108
Total weight of sup DL, SIDL & surfacing = 541 Tonne
Forces at fixed end

Seismic Component HL = 58.5 Tonne
Lever arm above base slab = 6.8 m
Moment about T-T axis MTT = 397 Tm
SEISMIC TRANSVERSE :
Horizontal seismic coefficent AhT = 0.130
Total weight of sup DL, SIDL & surfacing = 541.4 Tonne
Forces at fixed / free end

Seismic Component HT = 35.1 Tonne
Moment about LL axis MLL = 291.4 Tm
Design of Abutment
SEISMIC VERTICAL :
Reaction due to DL, SIDL & Surfacing @ Pile cap bottom
Description V MTT MLL
Tonne Tm Tm
Total Super-Structure DL = 217.3 0.0 0.0
Total Super-Structure SIDL = 23.5 0.0 0.0
Total Surfacing weight = 29.9 0.0 0.0
Total 270.7 0.0 0.0
Horizontal seismic coefficent Av = 0.07

Total weight of sup DL, SIDL & surfacing = 541.4 Tonne
Forces at fixed end

Seismic Component = 19.5 Tonne
MLL = 0.0 Tm
MTT = 0.0 Tm
Summary of Permanent Load (DL+SIDL+SURFACING) Seismic Component :

At Fixed End, Force about V HL HT ey MTT MLL
toe T T T m Tm Tm
Seismic Longitudinal 58.5 6.8 397.1
Seismic Transverse 35.1 8.3 291.4
Seismic Vertical 19.5 0.0 0.0

Design of Abutment
SEISMIC COMPONENT OF LIVE LOAD :

Live load Reaction & Their Lever arm from Pile cap bottom
Description W MTT MLL ey
Tonne Tm Tm m
Maximum Live Load = 155.8 0.0 38.3 10.0
Minimum Live Load = 44.2 0.0 10.9 10.0
W = Live Load Reaction

SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL :
No Live Load seismic component is considered in longitudinal direction
* 20% of braking force is considered
Fh = 7.16 x 0.2
= 1.43 Tonne
Lever arm from bottom of pile cap = 6.79 m

Moment about TT axis MTT = 9.73 Tm
Max Live Load Reaction Case :

Maximum Live Load reaction = 155.83 Tonne
Min Live Load Reaction Case :

Design of Abutment
SEISMIC VERTICAL :
Vertical seismic coefficent AhT = 0.072
MLL = 2.76 Tm
MTT = 0.00 Tm

MLL = 0.78 Tm
MTT = 0.00 Tm
Summary of LL seismic component transferred from super-structure :

At Fixed/ Free End V HL HT ey MTT MLL
T T T m Tm Tm

At Fixed/ Free End V HL HT ey MTT MLL
T T T m Tm Tm

Design of Abutment
SEISMIC COMPONENT OF SUPER-STRUCTURE DL & SIDL :
Sub-structure Vertical load

Description W eY eL eT
Tonne m m m
Sub-structure = 168.5 4.1 -0.11 0.00
Pile cap = 309.8 0.9 0.00 0.00
Total 478.4 2.0 0.0 0.0

W = Weight of super-structure
SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL : Sub-Structure

Longitudinal seismic coefficent AhL = 0.108
Total weight of Sub-structure = 478.4 Tonne
Seismic Component HL = 51.7 Tonne

Moment about T-T axis MTT = 104.5 Tm

SEISMIC VERTICAL :
Horizontal seismic coefficent Av = 0.072

Lever arm along LL axis = -0.04 m
Lever arm along TT axis = 0.00 m

Moment about TT axis MTT = -1.33 Tm
Summery of Sub-structure seismic component :

At Fixed End V HL HT ey MTT MLL
T T T m Tm Tm
Seismic Vertical 34.4 -1.3 0.0

Design of Abutment
----
LOAD COMBINATION
FOR MAXIMUM PILE CAPACITY
LC-1 NS Span Dislodge FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-1

S.N. Description V HL HT MTT MLL
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tm Tm
1) Sub-structure & Foundation 590.6 -73.3 0.0 1
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
S.N. Description Forces about toe

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-1 NS Span Dislodge 590.64 0.00 0.00 -73.27 0.00
LC-2 NS No LL,Service Condition FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-2

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
3) Super-structure DL 217.3 0.0 0.0 1
4) SIDL (excluding surfacing) 23.5 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
6) Longitudinal Forces Frictional Component only 13.5 91.9 1
8) Earth Pressure LWL (O/S)
Horizontal Component 272.8 890.4 1
Vertical Component 76.30 -160.2 1
9) Surcharge Pressure LWL(O/S) 81.3 353.8 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-2 NS No LL,Service Condition 937.64 367.66 0.00 1102.59 0.00
LC-3 NS DL Max LL Reaction Case FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
6.1) Live Load Vertical Load Max Reaction 155.8 0.0 38.3 1
7) Live Load Horizontal Forces 15.9 108.0 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-3 NS DL Max LL Reaction Case 1093.47 370.02 0.00 1118.67 38.31

Design of Abutment
LC-4 NS DL Min LL Reaction Case, FP FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-4

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
6.2) Live Load Vertical Load Min Reaction 44.2 0.0 10.9 1
7) Live Load Horizontal Forces 15.9 108.0 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-4 NS DL Min LL Reaction Case, FP 981.80 370.02 0.00 1118.67 10.86
LC-5 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-5
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
Seismic Longitudinal 0.5
11) Sub-structure Component 51.7 104.5 0.5
Seismic Transverse 0.15
Seismic Vertical Downward 0.15
19) Sub-structure Component 34.4 -1.3 0.0 0.15

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-5 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3 595.802 25.83 9.29923 -21.211 15.6788
LC-6 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-6
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-6 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3 595.802 7.75 30.9974 -57.7949 52.2628
Design of Abutment
LC-7 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-7
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
19) Sub-structure Component 34.4 -1.3 0.0 -0.15

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-7 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3 585.47 25.83 9.29923 -20.8123 15.6788
LC-8 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-8
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-8 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3 585.47 7.75 30.9974 -57.3963 52.2628
LC-9 SIS No LL,Service Condition Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3

FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-9
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
Seismic Longitudinal 1
11) Sub-structure Component 51.7 104.5 1
13) Super-Structure DL, SIDL, & Surfacing Component 58.5 397.1 1
17) Super-Structure DL, SIDL, & Surfacing Component 35.1 291.4 0.3
21) Super-Structure DL, SIDL, & Surfacing Component
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.3

V HL HT MTT MLL

877.516 110.13 29.1233 427.932 118.774
LC-10 SIS No LL,Service Condition Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3

Design of Abutment

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
Seismic Transverse 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.3

V HL HT MTT MLL

877.516 33.04 97.0777 76.8083 395.913
LC-11 SIS No LL,Service Condition Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3

V HL HT MTT MLL

845.157 110.13 29.1233 428.729 118.774
Design of Abutment
LC-12 SIS No LL,Service Condition Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3

V HL HT MTT MLL

845.157 33.04 97.0777 77.6056 395.913
LC-13 SIS DL Max LL Reaction Case Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
6.1) Live Load Vertical Load Max Reaction 155.8 0.0 38.3 0.2
7) Live Load Horizontal Forces 15.9 108.0 0.2
18.1) Live Load Component (Max. Reaction) 20.2 201.2 0.06
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.3
22.1) Live Load Component (Max. Reaction) 11.2 0.0 2.8 0.06

V HL HT MTT MLL

909.356 113.31 30.3351 449.53 138.671
Design of Abutment
LC-14 SIS DL Max LL Reaction Case Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.3

V HL HT MTT MLL

909.356 36.22 101.117 98.4068 443.974
LC-15 SIS DL Max LL Reaction Case Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3
22.1) Live Load Component (Max. Reaction) 11.2 0.0 2.8 -0.06

V HL HT MTT MLL

875.65 113.31 30.3351 450.327 138.34
Design of Abutment
LC-16 SIS DL Max LL Reaction Case Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3

V HL HT MTT MLL

875.65 36.22 101.117 99.2041 443.643
LC-17 SIS DL Min LL Reaction Case Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
6.2) Live Load Vertical Load Min Reaction 44.2 0.0 10.9 0.2
18.2) Live Load Component (Min. Reaction) 5.7 57.0 0.06
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.3
22.2) Live Load Component (Min. Reaction) 3.2 0.0 0.8 0.06

V HL HT MTT MLL

886.54 113.31 29.4667 449.53 124.413
Design of Abutment
LC-18 SIS DL Min LL Reaction Case Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.3
22.2) Live Load Component (Min. Reaction) 3.2 0.0 0.8 0.06

V HL HT MTT MLL

886.54 36.22 98.2225 98.4068 409.534
LC-19 SIS DL Min LL Reaction Case Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3
22.2) Live Load Component (Min. Reaction) 3.2 0.0 0.8 -0.06

V HL HT MTT MLL

853.799 113.31 30.6785 450.327 136.39
Design of Abutment
LC-20 SIS DL Min LL Reaction Case Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3
22.2) Live Load Component (Min. Reaction) 3.2 0.0 0.8 -0.06

V HL HT MTT MLL

853.799 36.22 98.2225 99.2041 409.44
Design of Abutment
FINDING OUT MAXIMUM & MINIMUM REACTION OVER PILE :

Force Over Pile
P= V MT * x ML * z Pile Coordinates
+ +
N S x2 S z2 S.No. L T
N = No. of piles 1 -1.8 6
N = 8 Nos. 2 -1.8 2
3 -1.8 -2
0.75 1.8 1.8 0.75 4 -1.8 -6
5 1.8 6
6 1.8 2
0.75 0.750 7 1.8 -2
1 5 8 1.8 -6
4.000
T
2 6
2.000
12
L 13.500 S r2 25.92 160
3 7 2.000
4.000 Condition
Non-Seismic Seismic Case
4 8
0.75 Maximum Reaction Over Pile = 216 Tonne 150 Tonne
0.750 Minimum Reaction Over Pile = 41 Tonne 67 Tonne
Maximum Horizontal Force/ Pile = 46.25 Tonne 15 Tonne
2.55 2.55
5.1
Pile capacity vertical = 342 Tonne OK
Pile capacity Horizontal = 60 Tonne OK
Design of Abutment
MAXIMUM & MINIMUM REACTION OVER PILE

SUMMARY OF FORCES :
Resultant
S.No. Forces @ cg. Of pile cap bottom Pile Reaction over Pile No.
horizontal
Description V HL HT MTT MLL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 force
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tm Tm Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne
LC-1 NS Span Dislodge 591 0 0 -73 0 79 79 79 79 69 69 69 69 0.0
LC-2 NS No LL,Service Condition 938 368 0 1103 0 41 41 41 41 194 194 194 194 46.0
LC-3 NS DL Max LL Reaction Case 1093 370 0 1119 38 60 59 59 58 216 215 214 213 46.3
LC-4 NS DL Min LL Reaction Case, FP 982 370 0 1119 11 45 45 45 45 201 201 200 200 46.3
LC-5 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3 596 26 9 -21 16 77 76 76 75 74 73 73 72 3.4

LC-6 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3 596 8 31 -58 52 80 79 78 77 72 71 70 69 4.0
LC-7 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3 585 26 9 -21 16 75 75 74 74 72 72 72 71 3.4
LC-8 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3 585 8 31 -57 52 79 78 77 75 71 70 69 67 4.0
878 110 29 428 119 84 81 78 76 144 141 138 135 14.2
878 33 97 77 396 119 109 99 90 130 120 110 100 12.8
845 110 29 429 119 80 77 74 71 140 137 134 131 14.2
845 33 97 78 396 115 105 95 85 126 116 106 96 12.8
909 113 30 450 139 88 84 81 77 150 147 143 140 14.7
909 36 101 98 444 123 112 101 90 137 126 115 104 13.4
876 113 30 450 138 83 80 76 73 146 142 139 136 14.7
876 36 101 99 444 119 108 97 86 133 122 111 100 13.4
887 113 29 450 124 84 81 78 75 147 144 140 137 14.6
887 36 98 98 410 119 109 99 89 133 123 113 102 13.1
854 113 31 450 136 81 77 74 70 143 140 136 133 14.7
854 36 98 99 409 115 105 95 84 129 119 108 98 13.1
Design of Abutment
ANNEXURE-II
BASE PRESSURE & DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
LOAD COMBINATION
LC-1 NS(1) Span Dislodge FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-1

1) Sub-structure & Foundation 590.6 -73.3 0.0 1.35
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-1 NS(1) Span Dislodge 797.358 0 0 -98.9205 0
LC-2 NS(1) No LL,Service Condition EP Lead FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-2
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
3) Super-structure DL 217.3 0.0 0.0 1.35
4) SIDL (excluding surfacing) 23.5 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
6) Longitudinal Forces Frictional Component only 13.5 91.9 1.5
Horizontal Component 272.8 890.4 1.5
Vertical Component 76.30 -160.2 1.5
9) Surcharge Pressure LWL(O/S) 81.3 353.8 1.2

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-2 NS(1) No LL,Service Condition EP Lead 1289.22 527.08 0 1558.75 0
LC-3 NS(1) Max LL Reaction Case Lead,EP AccompFORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-3
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
7) Longitudinal Forces LL 15.9 108.0 1.5

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-3 NS(1) Max LL Reaction Case Lead,EP Accomp

1522.97 530.631 0 1582.86 57.4619
Design of Abutment
LC-4 NS(1) Max LL Reaction Case Accomp,EP LeadFORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-4
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-4 NS(1) Max LL Reaction Case Accomp,EP1468.43

Lead 525.066 0 1545.06 44.0541
LC-5 NS(2) Span Dislodge FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-5

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-5 NS(2) Span Dislodge 590.636 0 0 -73.2745 0
LC-6 NS(2) No LL,Service Condition EP Lead FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-6
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
6) Longitudinal Forces Frictional Component only 13.5 91.9 1.3

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-6 NS(2) No LL,Service Condition EP Lead 937.636 387.984 0 1200.93 0
LC-7 NS(2) Max LL Reaction Case Lead,EP AccompFORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-7
Design of Abutment
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1

5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1

V HL HT MTT MLL

1140.22 391.062 0 1221.83 49.8003
LC-8 NS(2) Max LL Reaction Case Accomp,EP LeadFORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-8
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1
7) Longitudinal Forces LL 15.9 108.0 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-8 NS(2) Max LL Reaction Case Accomp,EP1093.47

Lead 370.023 0 1118.67 38.3079
LC-9 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-9
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-9 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3 805.108 38.7468 13.9488 -20.8253 23.5183
LC-10 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-10
Design of Abutment

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-10 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3 805.108 11.624 46.4962 -75.7013 78.3942
LC-11 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-11
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-11 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3 789.609 38.7468 13.9488 -20.2273 23.5183
LC-12 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3 FORCES @ PILE CAP BOTTOM LC-12
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-12 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3 789.609 11.624 46.4962 -75.1033 78.3942
LC-13 SIS No LL,Service Condition EP Lead Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
Design of Abutment

5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.45

V HL HT MTT MLL

1199.04 165.201 43.685 652.889 178.161
LC-14 SIS No LL,Service Condition EP Lead Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.45

V HL HT MTT MLL

1199.04 49.5602 145.617 126.204 593.869
LC-15 SIS No LL,Service Condition EP Lead Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.45
Design of Abutment

V HL HT MTT MLL

1150.5 165.201 43.685 654.084 178.161
LC-16 SIS No LL,Service Condition EP Lead Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.45

V HL HT MTT MLL

1150.5 49.5602 145.617 127.4 593.869
LC-17 SIS Max LL Reaction Case EP Lead Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.45

V HL HT MTT MLL

1231.22 168.381 45.5026 674.487 204.176
LC-18 SIS DL Max LL Reaction Case EP Lead Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3

Design of Abutment

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 0.45

V HL HT MTT MLL

1231.22 52.7407 151.675 147.802 662.131
LC-19 SIS DL Max LL Reaction Case EP Lead Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.45

V HL HT MTT MLL

1180.66 168.381 45.5026 675.683 203.68
LC-20 SIS DL Max LL Reaction Case EP Lead Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.35
Design of Abutment

5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.75
19.5 0.0 0.0 -0.45

V HL HT MTT MLL

1180.66 52.7407 147.434 148.998 619.388
Design of Abutment
ULS , SUMMARY OF FORCES AT PILE CAP BOTTOM

Force Over Pile
P= V MT * x ML * z
+ +
N S x2 S z2
N = no. of piles
N = 8 Nos.
0.75 1.8 1.8 0.75
0.75 0.75
Pile Co-ordinates
1 6
S.No. L T
1 -1.8 6
2 -1.8 2
3 -1.8 -2
T 4 -1.8 -6
5 1.8 6
L 2 6 1.8 2
12 13.5 7 1.8 -2
8 1.8 -6
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
S r2 25.92 160
5 1
0.75
0.75
2.55 2.55
5.1
ULS, Maximum & Minimum Reactions over Pile

Non-Seismic Seismic Case
Maximum Reaction Over Pile 302 Tonne 208 Tonne
Minimum Reaction Over Pile 34 Tonne 91 Tonne
Maximum Horizontal Force/ Pile 66 Tonne 22 Tonne
Design of Abutment
ULS, SUMMARY OF FORCES AT PILE TOP

SUMMARY OF FORCES :
Resultant
S.No. Forces @ Pile cap Bootom Pile Reaction over Pile No.
horizontal
Description V HL HT MTT MLL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 force
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tm Tm Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne
LC-1 NS(1) Span Dislodge 797.36 0 0 -98.9205 0 107 107 107 107 93 93 93 93 0.0
LC-2 NS(1) No LL,Service Condition EP Lead 1289.2 527.08 0 1558.746 0 53 53 53 53 269 269 269 269 65.9
1523 530.631 0 1582.86 57.4619 83 81 80 78 302 301 300 298 66.3
LC-4 NS(1) Max LL Reaction Case Accomp,EP 1468.4
Lead 525.066 0 1545.063 44.0541 78 77 76 75 293 291 290 289 65.6
LC-5 NS(2) Span Dislodge 590.64 0 0 -73.2745 0 79 79 79 79 69 69 69 69 0.0

LC-6 NS(2) No LL,Service Condition EP Lead 937.64 387.984 0 1200.926 0 34 34 34 34 201 201 201 201 48.5
1140.2 391.062 0 1221.825 49.8003 60 58 57 56 229 228 227 226 48.9
LC-8 NS(2) Max LL Reaction Case Accomp,EP 1093.5
Lead 370.023 0 1118.67 38.3079 60 59 59 58 216 215 214 213 46.3
LC-9 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3 805.11 38.7468 13.9488 -20.8253 23.5183 103 102 102 101 100 99 99 98 5.1
LC-10 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=0.3 805.11 11.624 46.4962 -75.7013 78.3942 109 107 105 103 98 96 94 92 6.0
LC-11 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3 789.61 38.7468 13.9488 -20.2273 23.5183 101 100 100 99 98 98 97 96 5.1
LC-12 SIS Span Dislodge Sx=0.3,Sz=1,Sy=-0.3 789.61 11.624 46.4962 -75.1033 78.3942 107 105 103 101 96 94 93 91 6.0
1199 165.201 43.685 652.8885 178.161 111 107 102 98 202 197 193 189 21.4
1199 49.5602 145.617 126.2036 593.869 163 149 134 119 181 166 151 136 19.2
1150.5 165.201 43.685 654.0845 178.161 105 101 96 92 196 191 187 183 21.4
1150.5 49.5602 145.617 127.3996 593.869 157 142 128 113 175 160 145 130 19.2
1231.2 168.381 45.5026 674.487 204.176 115 110 105 99 208 203 198 193 21.8
1231.2 52.7407 151.675 147.8021 662.131 168 152 135 119 189 172 156 139 20.1
1180.7 168.381 45.5026 675.683 203.68 108 103 98 93 202 197 192 187 21.8
1180.7 52.7407 147.434 148.9981 619.388 160 145 129 114 181 166 150 135 19.6
Design of Abutment
ULS, FINDING DESIGN FORCES FOR PILE CAP
Summary of Forces at Pile Cap Bottom

MAXIMUM & MINIMUM REACTION OVER PILE Pile Reaction
Pile Nos. (Long.
Pile Reaction over Pile No. Vertical Load
Resultant Direction) Horizontal
S.No. horizontal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 force. 1+2+3+4+5 6+7+8+9+10 Max Min
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne
LC-1 107 107 107 107 93 93 93 93 0 0 0 0 0.0 426 371 107 0 0
LC-2 53 53 53 53 269 269 269 269 0 0 0 0 65.9 212 1078 269 0 66
LC-3 83 81 80 78 302 301 300 298 0 0 0 0 66.3 322 1201 302 0 66
LC-4 78 77 76 75 293 291 290 289 0 0 0 0 65.6 305 1163 293 0 66
LC-5 79 79 79 79 69 69 69 69 0 0 0 0 0.0 316 275 79 0 0

LC-6 34 34 34 34 201 201 201 201 0 0 0 0 48.5 135 802 201 0 48
LC-7 60 58 57 56 229 228 227 226 0 0 0 0 48.9 231 910 229 0 49
LC-8 60 59 59 58 216 215 214 213 0 0 0 0 46.3 236 857 216 0 46
LC-9 103 102 102 101 100 99 99 98 0 0 0 0 5.1 508 297 103 0 5
LC-10 109 107 105 103 98 96 94 92 0 0 0 0 6.0 522 283 109 0 6
LC-11 101 100 100 99 98 98 97 96 0 0 0 0 5.1 499 291 101 0 5
LC-12 107 105 103 101 96 94 93 91 0 0 0 0 6.0 512 278 107 0 6
LC-13 111 107 102 98 202 197 193 189 0 0 0 0 21.4 620 579 202 0 21
LC-14 163 149 134 119 181 166 151 136 0 0 0 0 19.2 745 454 181 0 19
LC-15 105 101 96 92 196 191 187 183 0 0 0 0 21.4 589 561 196 0 21
LC-16 157 142 128 113 175 160 145 130 0 0 0 0 19.2 715 436 175 0 19
LC-17 115 110 105 99 208 203 198 193 0 0 0 0 21.8 637 595 208 0 22
LC-18 168 152 135 119 189 172 156 139 0 0 0 0 20.1 764 468 189 0 20
LC-19 108 103 98 93 202 197 192 187 0 0 0 0 21.8 605 576 202 0 22
LC-20 160 145 129 114 181 166 150 135 0 0 0 0 19.6 730 451 181 0 20
Design of Abutment
Critical section for shear

1.62
0.75 0.75
1.638
0.75 0.75
1 5
4 Condition Non-Seismic Seismic Case

Maximum Reaction Over Pile = 302 Tonne 208 Tonne
2 6 Minimum Reaction Over Pile = 34 Tonne 91 Tonne
T
2 Maximum Horizontal Force/ Pile = 66 Tonne 22 Tonne
12.9
L
13.5
2
3 7
4 8
0.75 0.75
1.638
2.1 2.1
5.1
Pile Dia = 1.2 m

Depth of pile cap = 1.8 m
Density of RCC = 2.5 t/m3
Earth fill over pile cap = 0.5 m
FRL to pile cap top = 7.0 m
Density of soil = 2.0 t/m3
Pile cap deff = 1.62 m

Design of Abutment
CALCULATING DESIGN BM & SF AT THE FACE OF ABUTMENT SHAFT IN THE LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION :
Pile Nos. 1+2+3+4 5+6+7+8
Maximum Reaction = 764 T 1201 T

Distance from c/Lpile to face of Abut shaft = 1.35 m 1.35 m
Dia of Pile = 1.2 m 1.2 m
Effective portion of Pile = 1.2 m 1.2 m
Effective force from Pile = 764 T 1201 T
Effective force from Pile / m = 56.6 tm/m 89.0 tm/m
Lever arm from face of Abut shaft = 1.35 m 1.35 m
Moment at the face of Abut shaft/m = 76.4 tm/m 120.1 tm/m
Dowanward moment due to selfweight of pile cap & earth fill

2 2
Weight of pile cap = 4.5 T/m 4.5 T/m
Load Factor = 1.35
Factored weight of pile cap = 6.1 T/m2 6.1 T/m2
Downward Force = 12.8 T/m 12.8 T/m
Dowanward moment = 13.4 Tm/m 13.4 Tm/m
2 2
Weight of soil over pile cap = 13.92 T/m 1 T/m
Load Factor = 1.35
Factored weight of soil over pile cap = 18.8 T/m2 1.4 T/m2
Downward moment = 41.4 Tm/m 3.0 Tm/m
Total factored downward Shear Force = 52.2 T/m 15.6 T/m

Total factored downward BM = 54.8 Tm/m 16.4 Tm/m
Net Factored Design SF = 4.3 T/m 73.4 T/m

Net Factored Design BM = 21.5 Tm/m 103.7 Tm/m
Design SF = 73.38 T/m

Design BM = 103.74 Tm/m
Design of Abutment
CALCULATING DESIGN SHEAR FORCE AT deff FROM FACE OF Abut SHAFT :
Pile Nos. 1+2+3+4 5+6+7+8
Maximum Reaction = 764 T 1201 T

Distance from c/L pile to deff section = -0.27 m -0.27 m
Effective force from Pile = 210.0 T 330.3 T
Effective SF force from Pile / m = 15.6 T/m 24.47 T/m

Factored weight of pile cap /m2 = 6.08 T/m
2
6.08 T/m
2
Downward Shear Force = 2.92 T/m 2.92 T/m
2 2
Factored weight of soil over pile cap = 18.79 T/m 1.35 T/m
Downward Shear Force = 9.02 T/m 0.65 T/m
Total factored downward SF = 11.94 tm/m 3.56 tm/m
Net Factored Design SF = 3.62 tm/m 20.90 tm/m

Design of Abutment
DESIGN OF PILE CAP : LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION

(ULS) CHECK FOR BENDING MOMENT
Design Bending Moment MED = 104 Tm
D = 1.8 m */ overall depth at face of support

d = 1.72 m */ deff at face of support
1.8
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Ast Provided = 20 f @ 140 c/c

+ 0 f @ 140 c/c NONE
2
= 2244 mm /m
= 0.131 %
Grade of Concrete fck = 35 Mpa fyk = 500 Mpa

Grade of steel fyk = 500 Mpa euk = 0.0025
eud = 0.00225
xu = 0.87 fyk Ast / 0.362 fck b fck = 35 Mpa
= 77 mm ecu2 = 0.0035
xumax/d = 0.6087
xumax = 0.609 d'
= 1044 mm UNDER REINFORCED
Ast calculated = M/ 0.87 fyk (d'-0.416 xu)
2
= 1417 mm /m
Ast minimum = 0.12% * b*d

2
= 2058 mm /m
Ast required = Max( 1417 , 2058 )

2 2
= 2058 mm /m < 2244 mm /m OK
Distribution steel = 20% of Ast. Main Reinf. (Refer clause 16.6.1 of IRC :112-2011, Pg 181)
2
= 449 mm /m
Provide distribution steel as 12 f @ 140 c/c

2
= 808 mm /m OK
= 0.047 %
Design of Abutment
(SLS) CHECK FOR STRESSES (RARE & QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATIONS)
Design Bending Moment MRARE = 51.24 Tm

MQP = 20.79 Tm
MST = MRARE - MQP (Bending Moment due to short term loading)
= 30.45 Tm
For short term loading Ecm = 32308 Mpa
Creep coefficent f = 1
For long term loading Ecm' = 16154 Mpa
2
Reinf. modulus of elasticity Es = 200000 N/mm
Modular ratio for QP Combination = Es / Ecm = 12.38
Equavelent Modulus of Elasticity for Rare Combination :

Ec,eq = Ecm*(MQP+MST) = 22985 MPa
MST +(1+f)* MQP
Modular ratio for Rare Combination = Es/ Ec,eq = 8.70
Formula used for calculation of stress

dc (depth of neutral axis) = -m*As +  ( m2 * As2 + 2* m*As*b* d )
b
INA (Transformed) = b *dc3/3 + m* As *(d-dc)2
Compressive stress in concrete sc = MRARE* dc / INA

Tensile stress in steel ss = m* MRARE* (d - dc ) / INA
Description Stress Check For Rare Combination Stress Check For QP Combination
Design Moment = 51.24 Tm = 20.79 Tm
Total Depth at section = 1.8 m = 1.8 m
deff = 1.715 m = 1.715 m
width b = 1m = 1m
2 2
Ast, provided = 2244 mm /m = 2244 mm /m
Modular ratio = 8.70 = 12.38
dc (depth of neutral axis) = 240.00 mm = 282.16 mm
INA (Transformed) = 4.71E+10 mm4 = 6.45E+10 mm4
2 2
Compressive stress in concrete sc = 2.61 N/mm = 0.91 N/mm
2 2
Permissible Compressive stress = 16.8 N/mm OK = 12.6 N/mm OK
2 2
Tensile stress in steel ss = 140 N/mm = 57 N/mm
2 2
Permissible tensile stress = 300 N/mm OK = 400 N/mm OK
Design of Abutment
(SLS) CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH (QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATIONS)

Minimum Reinforcement for crack control :
As,min = kc k fct,eff Act / ss ( IRC 112 / clause 12.3.3 (2) )
For Web
kc = 0.4 For Bending member
h = 1.8 m , b = 1m
k = 0.65
fcteff = fctm
= 2.77 Mpa
Act = Area of concrete within tensile zone just before the first crack form, section behaves
elastically until the tensile fiber stress reaches fctm. hence Neutral axis depth will be
considered for gross section
Act = b * h/2
2
= 0.9 m
ss = Maximum stress permitted in reinf. Immediately after formation of crack

= fyk
= 500 Mpa
2 2
Asmin = 1297 mm /m < 2244 mm /m OK
Design of Abutment
Calculation of Crack Width : ( IRC 112 / clause 12.3.4)

wk,max = 0.3 mm
Clear cover c = 75 mm
Bar dia feq = 20.00 mm
5 (c +feq/2) = 425 mm
Spacing b/w bars = 140 mm < 425 mm

The Following formula can be used for
srmax = Maximum crack spacing calculation of maximum crack spacing.
= 3.4c + 0.17f/rPeff
= 577 mm
hc,eff = Min 2.5 ( h - d ) h = 1.8 m

( h - x)/3 d = 1.72 m
h/2 x = 0.28 m */ (for Quasi Permanent Load
= 0.213 m combination)
width b = 1m
2
Ac,eff = hc,eff *b = 0.213 m
rP,eff = As/ Ac,eff

= 2244 / 212500
= 0.0106
ssc = Stress in tension Reinforcement assuming cracked section

= 57.14 Mpa */ (for Quasi Permanent Load combination)
Es = 200000 Mpa
Ecm' = 16154 Mpa */ (for Long term loading)
ae = Es/Ecm
ae = 12.38
kt = 0.5 (factor dependent on duration of load)
esm - ecm = Max ssc - kt fct,eff ( 1+ ae rP,eff ) / rP,eff

Es
0.6 ssc / Es
= 0.00017
wk = srmax ( esm - ecm )

= 0.099 mm < 0.300 mm OK
Design of Abutment
(ULS) CHECK FOR SHEAR FORCE (Section At deff from face of Abutment Shaft)
Factored Shear Force VED = 20.90 T/m
Reduction in Design Shear For Within Zone ( av = 0.5d to 2d)

av = 1.715 m
Reduction factor b1 = av/2d

= 0.5
Design Shear Force VNS' = b1 * VNS

= 10.45 Tonne
Max Shear Capacity of section

n = 0.6 * ( 1- fck /310) */ fck in Mpa
= 0.532
fcd = 0.447 *fck

= 15.63 Mpa
VRDC, max = 0.5 bw d n fcd

= 714 Tonne > 21 Tonne OK

Check for Design Shear Reinforcement :

k = Min 1 + √ 200/d d is depth in mm
2
k = 1.341
r1 = Min Asl /bw d

0.02
r1 = 0.00131
scp = 0 Mpa
nmin = 0.031 k3/2 fck1/2

= 0.2850
VRdc = Max ( 0.12 k (80 r1 fck )0.33 + 0.15 scp ) bw d ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.2 (2) )
(nmin +0.15scp ) bw d
= 49 Tonne > 10 Tonne NO SHEAR REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED

Design of Abutment
Check For Punching Shear :

A) Check at Control Perimeter 2d 0.75
Pile cap thickness d = 1.8 m 6.60
3
Density of RCC = 2.5 t/m
3.6
Grade of Concrete fck = 35 Mpa 4.95 1.2

fcd = 15.63 Mpa
0.75
VEd.red = VEd - DVED
VEd = 302.45 Tonne
4.95
Down ward weight of pile cap
= 94.68 Tonne Unfactored
Load factor = 1.35
DVED = 127.81 Tonne
VEd.red = 174.64 Tonne
vEd.red = VEd.red / ud
u = Length of perimeter
= 8.10 m
2
vEd.red = 0.11982 N/mm
K = 1+  200/d ≤ 2
= 1.333
nmin = 0.031 * K 3/2 fck 1/2

nmin = 0.28236
vRd = Max 0.12 K (80 rl fck )1/3 *2d/a

nmin * 2d/a
a = 3.6 m
rly = 0.0013
rlz = 0.0008
rl = rly *rlz
= 0.001 %
vRd = Max 0.2290 Mpa

0.282 Mpa
= 0.2824 Mpa
vRdmax = 1/2 * n *fcd
n = 0.6 [ 1- fck/310 ]
= 0.53226
vRdmax = 4.16 Mpa
Check
vEd.red < vRdc
0.120 Mpa < 0.229 Mpa OK
Design of Abutment
B) Check at face of pile

VEd.red = VEd - DVED
VEd = 302.447 Tonne
vEd = VEd.red / uo d
uo = 3.770 m
vEd = 0.446 Mpa
Check
vEd < vRd.max
0.446 Mpa < 4.16 Mpa OK
Design of Abutment
PILE Interaction Diagram
Pile Dia D = 1200 mm
Clear cover = 75 mm
1.2 Dia of bar = 32 mm
Nos. of Bars = 25 Nos
Effective cover = 91 mm
Reinf Circular dia = 1018 mm
Spacing = 128 mm (1 layer)
Area of steel provided = 20106 mm2
Material Properties:
2
fck = 35 N/mm % steel provided = 1.78 %
2
fyk = 500 N/mm
2
Es = 200000 N/mm Minimum % steel = 0.4 % OK
3000
INTERACTION DIAGRAM (Pu : Mu)

2500
Pu Mu
xu/D
T Tm 2000
1E-09 -873.5 0.7
1500
Pu ( T )
0.2 -278.0 269.6

0.4 343.5 424.1 1000
0.6 1004.4 417.6
0.8 1615.3 303.9 500
1 2047.9 178.8
0
1.2 2244.5 111.9 0 100 200 300 400 500
1.4 2349.9 74.2 -500
1.6 2412.3 50.2
1.8 2450.0 34.6 -1000
2 2472.6 24.8
-1500
Mu (Tm)
Design of Abutment
ULS, CHECK FOR PILE MOMENT CAPACITY :

Design Shear Resitance ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.2 (2) )
2
1.2 k = 1.4082
r1 = Min Asl /bw d

0.02
2
Non Seismic Asl = 12064 mm */ Reinforcement on tension face
L1 + Lf = 9.950 m r1 = 0.0107 *(60% reinforcement is considered in the
Moment reduction factor m = 0.93 tension zone)
scp = Axial stress
nmin = 0.031 k3/2 fck1/2
= 0.3065
Seismic VRdc = Max ( 0.12 k (80 r1 fck )0.33 + 0.15 scp ) bw d

L1 + Lf = 9.950 m (nmin +0.15scp ) bw d
Moment reduction factor m = 0.93
Max Shear Capacity
n = 0.6 * ( 1- fck /310) */ fck in Mpa
= 0.6
fck = 35 Mpa
fcd = 15.6 Mpa VRDC, max = 0.5 bw d n fcd
fyd = 435 Mpa = 371 Tonne
Ac = 1130973 mm2
Ashear Ac,sh = 0.7*Ac = 791681 mm2
2
As (Total Reinf) = 20106 mm
3000
INTERACTION DIAGRAM (Pu : Mu)

2500
CAPACITY
2000
Series2
Pu ( T )
1500
Series3
1000
500
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
-500
-1000
-1500
Mu (Tm)
Design of Abutment
ULS Forces at Pile Top Level :

LC Pile Reaction Moment MED From
Moment MRD
Intraction ( SHEAR CAPACITY (LONGITUDINAL DIRn)
Vertical Load Curve Ckeck
Horizont M = Q (L1 + Check ( MED< scp =
L1+ Lf Max VRdc
Max Min al Lf)/2*m MRD) NED/AC
MRD Min MRD HL < VRdc
Tonne Tonne Tonne m Tm Tm N/mm2 Tonne
LC-1 107 0 0 10 0 365 339 OK 0.9 52.2 OK
LC-2 269 0 66 10 306 406 339 OK 2.4 69.3 OK
LC-3 302 0 66 10 308 414 339 OK 2.7 72.8 OK
LC-4 293 0 66 10 304 411 339 OK 2.6 71.8 OK
LC-5 79 0 0 10 0 358 339 OK 0.7 49.3 OK

LC-6 201 0 48 10 225 389 339 OK 1.8 62.1 OK
LC-7 229 0 49 10 227 396 339 OK 2.0 65.1 OK
LC-8 216 0 46 10 214 392 339 OK 1.9 63.7 OK
LC-9 103 0 5 10 24 364 339 OK 0.9 51.9 OK

LC-10 109 0 6 10 28 366 339 OK 1.0 52.5 OK
LC-11 101 0 5 10 24 364 339 OK 0.9 51.6 OK
LC-12 107 0 6 10 28 365 339 OK 0.9 52.3 OK
LC-13 202 0 21 10 99 389 339 OK 1.8 62.2 OK
LC-14 181 0 19 10 89 384 339 OK 1.6 60.0 OK
LC-15 196 0 21 10 99 387 339 OK 1.7 61.6 OK
LC-16 175 0 19 10 89 382 339 OK 1.5 59.4 OK
LC-17 208 0 22 10 101 391 339 OK 1.8 62.9 OK
LC-18 189 0 20 10 93 386 339 OK 1.7 60.9 OK
LC-19 202 0 22 10 101 389 339 OK 1.8 62.3 OK
LC-20 181 0 20 10 91 384 339 OK 1.6 60.1 OK
Design of Abutment
CHECK FOR HORIZONTAL CAPACITY OF PILE
Calculating Depth of Fixity : Q

2
E = 323082 kg/cm
4
I = 10178760 cm L1 L1
N Value = 60 1.2
*/ As Recommended in Geotech Report (Average value adopted) Lf
Le
Modulus of subgrade reaction for Granular soil
3
ɳh = 10000 kN/m */ As per IS2911-2010
3
= 1 kg/cm
Stiffness factor for Piles in Sand & Normally Loaded Clay

5
T = √(EI/h)
= 319 cm
Non Seismic Case Seismic Case
Free Length of Pile , L1 = 4 m 4 m

Total Length of Pile = 22 m 22 m
Embedded length of pile , Le = 18 m 18 m
L1/T = 1.1 1.1095
Corresponding value of Lf/T = 2.01 2.0123
Moment reduction factor m = 0.93 0.9322
Depth of fixity, Lf = 641 cm 641 cm

= 6.41 m 6.41 m
L1 + L f = 9.95 m 9.95 m
Non Seismic Seismic

Non-seismic case LWL condition:
Horizontal force acting on each pile Q = 46.3 t 14.7 t
L1 + L f = 9.95 m 9.95 mm
3
Pile Head deflection Q *(L1 +Lf) / 12 EI = 11.54 mm 3.7 mm
Permissible pile head deflection = 12 mm
Check OK
Check Not Required
Design of Abutment
CHECK FOR SHEAR REINF. IN PILE
Design shear force VNS = 66.3 Tonne
Dia of pile = 1.2 m 1.2

Equivalent rectangular section
bw = 0.85 m
d = 0.85 m
Material Properties
fck = 35 Mpa fyk = 500 Mpa
fcd = acc fck/ym gs = 1.15
acc = 0.67 fywd = 0.8 fyk /gs
gm = 1.5 fywd = 348 Mpa
fcd = 15.63 Mpa
FINDING VALUE OF q AT DESIGN SECTIONS FOR DESIGN SHEAR REINFORCEMENT

VRdmax = VNS
q = 0.5 sin-1 [ 2*VNS / (acw * bw * z * v1 * fcd) ] ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.3.2 Eq 10.8 )
Variation of q
o
q
o
45 ≥ ≥ 21.80
VNS = 66.33 Tonne
z = 0.9 * d = 0.76 m
q = 6.30 deg
q adopted = 21.80 deg
CHECK FOR SECTION MAXIMUM SHEAR CAPACITY :

Considering q = 21.80 o
VRdmax = acw * bw * z * n1 * fcd / ( cot q +tan q) ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.3.2 Eq 10.8 )
acw = 1
z = 0.9*d
n1 = 0.6 for fck ≤ 80 Mpa
= Max 0.9- fck/250 for fck > 80 Mpa

0.5
= 0.6
z = 0.9 * d = 0.76 m
VRdmax = 210 Tonne OK
FINDING DESIGN SHEAR REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENT

VNS = VRds = (Asw/s) *z *fywd *cotq ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.3.2 Eq 10.7 )
Asw/s = VNS / z fywd cotq
Minimum shear reinforcement ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.3.5 Eq 10.20 )

Asw, min = rw,min * s * bw
rw, min = ( 0.072 √ fck ) / fyk

= 0.00085
FINDING DESIGN SHEAR REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENT

VNS = 66.33 Tonne
bw = 0.85 m
z = 0.9 d = 0.76 m
qdesign = 21.8014
Asw/s = 999 mm2 /m
Asw,min /s = 87 mm2 /m
Provide Asw = 10 f 2 Legged stp @ 120
Asw/s provided = 1309 mm2 /m OK

Design of Abutment
Confinement Reinforcement for Pile:

Dia of pile = 1.2 m
Clear cover = 75 mm
NED = 302 Tonne

Ac = 1130973.4 mm2
fck = 35 Mpa
fcd = 15.63 Mpa
fyd = 434.8 Mpa
Normalized axial force

hk = Max NED/Ac fck
hk = 0.076 < 0.08 Not required Confining R/F

< 0.3
Design of Abutment
ANNEXURE-II
BASE PRESSURE & DESIGN OF FOUNDATION - SLS CHECK
LOAD COMBINATION
LC-1 QP, NS DL, SIDL ,EP Forces about toe LC-1

2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.2
6) Longitudinal Forces Frictional Component only 13.5 91.9 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-1 QP, NS DL, SIDL ,EP 867.32105 13.535039 0 18.641986 0
LC-2 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL maxm Reaction case Forces about toe LC-2
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.2

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-2 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL maxm Reaction case

1023.1548 15.902318 0 34.718179 38.307905
LC-3 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL min Reaction case Forces about toe LC-3
2) Earth fill 0.0 0.0 0.0 1
5) Surfacing 29.9 0.0 0.0 1.2
6.2) Live Load Vertical Load Min Reaction 44.2 0.0 10.9 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-3 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL min Reaction case911.48727 15.902318 0 34.718179 10.85718
Design of Abutment
SLS, FINDING REACTIONS OVER PILE

Force Over Pile
P= V MT * x ML * z
+ +
N S x2 S z2
N = no. of piles
N = 8 Nos.
0.75 1.8 1.8 0.75
0.75 0.75 Pile Coordinates

S.N. L T
1 5
1 -1.8 6
2 -1.8 2
3 -1.8 -2
4 -1.8 -6
T 5 1.8 6
2 6 1.8 2
L 13.5 7 1.8 -2
12 8 1.8 -6
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Non-Seismic
S r2 26 160 Maximum Reaction Over Pile 132 Tonne
4 8
0.75 Minimum Reaction Over Pile 107 Tonne
0.75 Maximum Horizontal Force/ Pile 2 Tonne
2.55 2.55
5.1
CHECK FOR MAXIMUM PILE REACTION

SUMMARY OF FORCES :
Resultant
S.N. Description Forces about toe Pile Reaction over Pile No.
horizontal
V HL HT MTT MLL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 force
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tm Tm Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne
LC-1 QP, NS DL, SIDL ,EP 867 14 0 19 0 107 107 107 107 110 110 110 109.7 1.7
LC-2 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL maxm Reaction1023

case 16 0 35 38 127 126 125 124 132 131 130 128.9 2.0
LC-3 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL min Reaction case
911 16 0 35 11 112 112 111 111 117 116 116 115.9 2.0
Design of Abutment
SLS, REACTIONS OVER PILE

Summary of Forces at Pile Cap Bottom Pile Reaction
Pile Nos. (Long.

Direction) Horizon
S.N. Pile Reaction over Pile No. Resultant Vertical Load tal
horizontal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 force
1+2+3+4+5 6+7+8+9+10 Max Min
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne
LC-1 107 107 107 107 110 110 110 110 0 0 1.7 538 329 110 0 1.7
LC-2 127 126 125 124 132 131 130 129 0 0 2.0 634 389 132 0 2.0
LC-3 112 112 111 111 117 116 116 116 0 0 2.0 563 349 117 0 2.0
Critical section for Shear

1.62
0.75
0.75 5
1
Pile Dia = 1.2 m
Depth of pile cap = 1.8 m
Density of RCC = 2.5 t/m3
FRL to pile cap top = 7.0 m
Earth fill over pile cap = 0.5 m
13.5 2 Density of soil = 2 t/m3
Pile cap deff = 1.62 m
4 8
0.75
2.1 2.1
Design of Abutment
CALCULATING DESIGN BM & SF AT THE FACE OF Abutment SHAFT : (Quasi Permanent Load Case) in Longitudina Direction
Pile Nos. 1+2+3+4+5+6 7+8+9+10+11+12
Maximum Reaction = 538.2 T 329.1 T

2 2
Weight of Abut cap = 4.5 T/m 4.5 T/m
Load Factor = 1
Factored weight of Abutcap = 4.50 T/m2 4.50 T/m2
2 2
Weight of soil over pile cap = 13.92 T/m 1 T/m
Load Factor = 1
Factored weight of pile cap = 13.922 T/m2 1 T/m2



Design of Abutment
CALCULATING DESIGN BM & SF AT THE FACE OF Abutment shaft: (Rare Case) in Longitudian Direction
Pile Nos. 1+2 3+4
Maximum Reaction = 633.7 T 389.5 T

2 2
Weight of pile cap = 4.5 T/m 4.5 T/m
Load Factor = 1
Factored weight of pile cap = 4.50 T/m2 4.50 T/m2
2 2
Weight of soil over pile cap = 1 T/m 1 T/m
Load Factor = 1
Factored weight of pile cap = 1 T/m2 1 T/m2



Design of Abutment
SLS, STRESS CHECK FOR PILE :

Pile Dia D = 1200 mm L1 + Lf LWL = 9.95 m
Clear cover = 75 mm Moment reduction factor m = 0.93
Dia of bar = 32 mm
1.2 Nos. of Bars = 25 Nos
Effective cover = 91 mm
Reinf Circular dia = 1018 mm
Spacing = 128 mm
Area of steel provided = 40212 mm2

MQP = 7.85 Tm
= 1.37 Tm
For short term loading Ecm = 32308 Mpa
Creep coefficent f = 1
2
Modular ratio for QP Combination = Es / Ecm = 12.381

Equivalent Modulus of Elasticity for Rare Combination :
MST +(1+f)* MQP
Permissible Stresses Rare Combination Quasi Permanent

Permissible conc. Stresses 16.8 12.6
Permissible steel stresses -300 -400
SLS, FORCES AT PILE TOP

Forces at Pile Top Stresses in Concrete & Steel
S.N. M = Q (L1 + Modular Max Reaction Crack/ Min Reaction Crack/
Description NED max NED min Hresultant Check
Lf)/2*m ratio sc sst Check uncrack sc sst Uncrack
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
LC-1 QP, NS DL, SIDL ,EP110 0 2 8 12 1.5 0.4 OK Craked 2.0 0.3 OK Craked
LC-2 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL

132 maxm0 Reaction2 case 9 11 1.5 0.4 OK Craked 2.0 0.3 OK Craked
LC-3 RARE, NS DL, SIDL, EP,LL
117 min 0Reaction case
2 9 11 1.5 0.4 OK Craked 2.0 0.3 OK Craked
Design of Abutment
Stress Check For Pile
Section Dimension and Forces

Outer dia of Column = 1.2 m
Axial Thrust = 117 tonne
z
Resultant Moment = 9.2 t*m
Clear cover = 75 mm a1
d1
Modular Ratio m = 11.5
Reinforcement Detail Layer 1

Circle Dia = 1.018 m
Dia of Bar = 32 mm
No of bars = 25 No.s IN 2 LAYERS

Readjusted Spacing = 128 mm
Area of Steel per m Ast/m = 12574 mm^2/m
Distance of neutral axis from bottom fiber of concrete d1

d1 = -0.54151 m
Concrete Effective Area properties About Principal axis

Outer Dia
a = Cos-1(d1/r) = 2.70 Radians
= 154 deg
2
Aeff = = 1.11 m
cgy = = 0.0104 m
Ix = = 0.0953 m^4
Transformed propertise
Properties of Reinforcement About Principal axis About Principal axis
Reinforcement in compression Layer 1 Layer 1
a = Cos-1(d1/r) = 3.142 radian
= 180 deg
2 2
Asc = 2*r*a*Ast/m = 0.02454 m 0.30754 m
cgyc = r*sin(a)/a = 2E-17 m 2E-17 m
4 4
Ixc = Ast/m* r3 * ( cos(a )*sin(a) + a ) = 0.00322 m 0.04039 m
Reinforcement in tension
2 2
Ast = As-Asc = 0m 0m
Cgyt = - Asc*Cgyc/Ast = -0.5125 m -0.5125 m
4 4
Ixt = Ix - Ixc = 0m 0m
Design of Abutment
Combined Properties of Effective Concrete + Steel Compression and Tension

About Principal axis centrodial axis
2 2
Aeff = 1.418 m 1.418 m
Cgy = 0.008 m =e1x 0m
4 4
Ixeff = 0.136 m 0.136 m
ex = M/P = 0.07895 m
P = 1167540 N
M = 92182.9 N*m
recalculation of position of neutral axis.
d1 = -0.542  Craked
Check
Stress at neutral axis must be zero
Stres at point y = -0.5415 m
sNA = 0.00 N/mm^2 OK
Results
% steel provided = 3.556 %
Maximum compressive stress
y = 0.6 m
s = 1.532 N/m^2
Maximum tensile stress
y = -0.509 m
s = 0.35 N/mm^2
Design of Abutment
UNFACTORED FORCES FOR DESIGN OF SHAFT :

For sub-structure For foundation
Longitudinal Horizontal seismic coefficent AhL = 0.080 0.108
Transverse Horizontal seismic coefficent AhT = 0.096 0.130
Vertical seismic coefficent AV = 0.053 0.072
c.g of Pile Group
2.1 0.9 2.1
2.55 1.8
0
5.1
C.g of Shaft 2.55
Calculating Forces @ Shaft Bottom ( Non-Seismic Component)

Eccentricity @ Pile cap bottom Eccentricity @ Abutment Shaft Bottom
S.N. Component V HL HT eY eL eT V HL HT eY eL eT MTT MLL
Tonne Tonne Tonne m m m Tonne Tonne Tonne m m m Tm Tm
1 Sub-structure 168.53 4.09 -0.11 0.00 168.53 2.29 -0.11 0.00 -18.5 0.0
3 Super-structure 217.28 8.14 0.00 0.00 217.28 6.34 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4 SIDL (excluding surfacing) 23.50 9.24 0.00 0.00 23.50 7.44 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
5 Surfacing 29.92 8.79 0.00 0.00 29.92 6.99 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
6 Longitudinal Forces Frictional Component only

13.54 6.79 13.54 4.99 67.6 0.0
6.1 LL Vertical Load Max Reaction 155.83

case 9.96 0.00 0.25 155.83 8.16 0.00 0.25 0.0 38.3
6.2 Live Load Vertical Load Min Reaction

44.17 9.96 0.00 0.25 44.17 8.16 0.00 0.25 0.0 10.9
7) Longitudinal Forces LL 15.90 6.79 15.90 4.99 79.4 0.0
8) Earth Pressure LWL (O/S) 175 175.16 489.152

9) Surcharge Pressure LWL(O/S) 64 64.18 222.82
Design of Abutment
Calculating Forces @ Shaft Bottom (Seismic Component)

Eccentricity @ Pile cap Bottom Eccentricity @ Pier Shaft Bottom
S.N. Component V HL HT eY eL eT V HL HT eY eL eT MTT MLL
Tonne Tonne Tonne m m m Tonne Tonne Tonne m m m Tm Tm
SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL COMPONENT
11 SUB-STRUCTURE 13.48 2.29 30.9 0.0
13 SUP DL +SIDL +SURFACING 58.5 6.8 43.31 4.99 216.2 0.0
SEISMIC TRANSVERSE COMPONENT

15 SUB-STRUCTURE 16.2 2.29 0.0 37.0
17 SUP DL +SIDL +SURFACING 35.1 8.3 26.0 6.51 0.0 169.1
18.1 LIVE LOAD (Max Reaction) 20.2 10.0 15.0 8.16 0.0 122.1
18.2 LIVE LOAD (Min Reaction) 5.7 10.0 4.2 8.16 0.0 34.6
SEISMIC VERTICAL COMPONENT

19 SUB-STRUCTURE 8.99 -0.11 0.00 6.66 -0.11 0.00 -0.7 0.0
21 SUP DL +SIDL +SURFACING19.49 0.00 0.00 14.44 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
22.1 LIVE LOAD (Max Reaction) 11.22 0.00 0.25 8.31 0.00 0.25 0.0 2.0
22.2 LIVE LOAD (Min Reaction) 3.18 0.00 0.2 2.36 0.00 0.25 0.0 0.6
Design of Abutment
ANNEXURE-II
BASE PRESSURE & DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
LOAD COMBINATION
LC-1 NS, EP Lead, max LL Acc FORCES @ SHAFT BOTTOM LC-1

1 Sub-structure 168.53 -18.46 0.00 1.35
3 Super-structure 217.28 0.00 0.00 1.35
4 SIDL (excluding surfacing) 23.50 0.00 0.00 1.35
5 Surfacing 29.92 0.00 0.00 1.75
6.1 LL Vertical Load Max Reaction case 155.83 0.00 38.31 1.15
7) Longitudinal Forces LL 15.90 79.37 0.00 1.15
8) Earth Pressure LWL (O/S) 175.16 489.15 0.00 1.5
9) Surcharge Pressure LWL(O/S) 64.18 222.82 0.00 1.2

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-1 NS, EP Lead, max LL Acc 784.14 358.037 0 1067.47 44.0541
LC-2 NS, EP Acc, max LL Lead FORCES @ SHAFT BOTTOM LC-2

1 Sub-structure 168.53 -18.46 0.00 1.35
3 Super-structure 217.28 0.00 0.00 1.35
5 Surfacing 29.92 0.00 0.00 1.75
8) Earth Pressure LWL (O/S) 175.16 489.15 0.00 1

V HL HT MTT MLL
LC-2 NS, EP Acc, max LL Lead 838.682 276.02 0 850.672 57.4619
LC-3 SIS, max LL Accomp,EP Lead, Seismic Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=0.3

FORCES @ SHAFT BOTTOM LC-3
1 Sub-structure 168.53 -18.46 0.00 1.35
3 Super-structure 217.28 0.00 0.00 1.35
5 Surfacing 29.92 0.00 0.00 1.75
SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL COMPONENT 1.5
11 SUB-STRUCTURE 13.48 30.85 0.00 1.5
13 SUP DL +SIDL +SURFACING 43.31 216.17 0.00 1.5
SEISMIC TRANSVERSE COMPONENT 0.45
15 SUB-STRUCTURE 16.18 0.00 37.02 0.45
18.1 LIVE LOAD (Max Reaction) 14.96 0.00 122.09 0.09
SEISMIC VERTICAL COMPONENT 0.45
Design of Abutment
19 SUB-STRUCTURE 6.66 -0.73 0.00 0.45


V HL HT MTT MLL

646.339 363.9441 20.3212 1139.45 111.572
LC-4 SIS, max LL Accomp,EP Lead, Seismic Sx=1,Sz=0.3,Sy=-0.3

FORCES @ SHAFT BOTTOM LC-4
1 Sub-structure 168.53 -18.46 0.00 1.35
3 Super-structure 217.28 0.00 0.00 1.35
5 Surfacing 29.92 0.00 0.00 1.75
SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL COMPONENT 1.5
11 SUB-STRUCTURE 13.48 30.85 0.00 1.5
SEISMIC TRANSVERSE COMPONENT 0.45
15 SUB-STRUCTURE 16.18 0.00 37.02 0.45
SEISMIC VERTICAL COMPONENT 0.45
19 SUB-STRUCTURE 6.66 -0.73 0.00 -0.45
21 SUP DL +SIDL +SURFACING 14.44 0.00 0.00 -0.45
22.1 LIVE LOAD (Max Reaction) 8.31 0.00 2.04 -0.09

V HL HT MTT MLL

625.857 363.9441 20.3212 1140.11 111.204
Design of Abutment
INTERACTION DIAGRAM : (P : MTT) SECTION AT SHAFT BOTTOM
Section Dimensions: Material Properties:

2
D = 900 mm fck = 35 N/mm
2
As1 B = 12900 mm fyk = 500 N/mm
2
Es = 200000 N/mm
Reinforcement Details :
Dia Spacing Cover From To Y_Cg Remark
Reinf. Nos. Spacing
As3 mm mm mm m m m
T As4 12842 REINFORCEMENT ACROSS AXIS OF BENDING:
As1 16 180 50 243 662 6392 3 210
T = 12900 As2 16 180 50 243 662 -6392 3 210
L REINFORCEMENT ALONG AXIS OF BENDING:
As3 25 180 50 58 12842 -388 72 180
0 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 NONE
16 180 50 58 12842 392 72 180
As4
As2 0 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 NONE
662 As tension face (Length) = 35343 mm 2

L= 900 25000 As Compression face (Length) = 14476 mm 2
INTERACTION DIAGRAM (Pu : MuTT) As tension face (wiidth) = 603 mm 2
NA xu As Compression face (width) = 603 mm 2
20000 2
Total As = 49819 mm
Pu Mu = 0.43 %
xu/D
T Tm
15000
1E-09 -2220 349 Balance Failure
Pu ( T )
0.2 1960 1936 d1 837.5 mm

0.4 4922 2601 xu 517 mm
10000
0.6 8059 2754 xu/D 0.57
0.8 11968 2164 Pu 7506 T
1 15508 1290 Mu 2818 Tm
1.2 17375 671 5000
1.4 18258 375

1.6 18753 208
1.8 19062 103 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
2 19270 32
Mu (Tm)
Design of Abutment
Formula Used In Construction of Interaction Diagram :

Pu = Cc+ Cs
Mu = Mc + Ms
Cc = 0.361*fck*xu*b xu ≤ D
0.447*fck*(1 - 4*g/21)*b *D xu > D
g = 16 / ( 7xu / D - 3 )2
Cs = S ( fsi -fci) Asi
fci = 0 esi ≤ 0
0.447fck esi ≥ 0.002
0.447fck [ 2 * (esi / 0.002) -(esi / 0.002)2 ] otherwise
fsi = -0.87 fy esi ≤ -0.00217

esi* Es esi > -0.00217 esi ≤ 0.00217
0.87 fy esi > 0.00217
Mc = Cc * ( 0.5D - x )
Ms = S Csi * yi
x = 0.416 xu xu ≤ D
(0.5 - 8*g /49)*{D/ (1-4*g/21)} xu > D
x = Centroid of stress blok area from most compressed edge
0.0035 * xu - D/ 2 + yi xu ≤ D
xu
esi =
0.002* 1+ yi - D/14 xu > D
xu -3D/7
Design of Abutment
Reinforcement in Transverse Direction : (As per Clause 16.3.2 of IRC 112-2011, Pg 174)
2
Total vertical reinf. = 49819 mm
Reinforcement in transvesre direction = 0.25 times vertical reinf
= 12455 mm2
2
Cross -sectional area Ac = 11610000 mm
Minimum reinf. = 0.001 Ac
= 11610 mm2
Max. Hoizontal Steel = 12455 mm2
Height of Abutment = 4.221 m

Reinf. /m height on each face = 738 mm2/m
Provide 16 f @ 150 = 1340 mm2/m on each face OK

Design of Abutment
INTRACTION DIAGRAM : (P : MLL) SECTION AT SHAFT BOTTOM
Section Dimensions: Material Properties:

2
As1 D = 12900 mm fck = 35 N/mm
2
xu B = 900 mm fyk = 500 N/mm
2
Es = 200000 N/mm
NA Reinforcement Details :
As3 Dia Spacing Cover From To Y_Cg Remark
Reinf. Nos. Spacing
As4 12842 mm mm mm m m m
T REINFORCEMENT ACROSSAXIS OF BENDING:
T = 12900 As3 25 180 50 58 12842 -388 72 180
L 0 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 NONE
As4 16 180 50 58 12842 392 72 180
0 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 NONE
REINFORCEMENT ALONG AXIS OF BENDING:
As2 As1 16 180 50 242.5 662 6392 3 210
As2 16 180 50 242.5 662 -6392 3 210
662
L= 900 25000 Balance Failure
INTRACTION DIAGRAM (Pu : MuLL) d1 12842
xu 7927 mm
20000
Pu Mu xu/D 0.615
xu/D
T Tm Pu 9469 T
1E-09 -2220 0 Mu 33929 Tm
15000
0.2 1626 20412
Pu
0.4 5410 31644

0.6 9194 34093
10000
0.8 12806 29117
1 16158 18597
1.2 17866 10800
5000
1.4 18653 7210
1.6 19083 5247
1.8 19346 4049
0
2 19518 3260 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
100 20124 24 Mu
Design of Abutment
ULS CHECK FOR ABUTMENT SHAFT :

Check For Biaxial Bending Moment
As1 NRD = Ac fcd+As fyd
= 20316 Tonne
T T= a a
12900 MEDT MEDL
+ ≤ 1
As4 MEDT MRDL
L
As3
fck = 35 Mpa
As2 fcd = 15.6 Mpa
fyd = 435 Mpa
Ac = 11610000 mm2
L= 900 As = 49819 mm2
ULS CHECK FOR ABUTMENT SHAFT :

CHECK FOR MOMENT CAPACITY
Forces at bottom of abutment shaft
S.N. NED/ (MEDT /MRDT)a
Description MRTT MRLL
NED HL HT METT MELL NRD a +(MEDL /MRDL)a
Tonne Tonne Tonne Tm Tm Tm Tm Check
LC-1 NS, EP Lead, max LL Acc 784 358 0 1067 44 0.04 1 1490 15942 0.72 OK
LC-2 NS, EP Acc, max LL Lead 839 276 0 851 57 0.04 1 1510 16232 0.57 OK
646 364 20 1139 112 0.03 1 1437 15211 0.80 OK
626 364 20 1140 111 0.03 1 1429 15102 0.80 OK
Design of Abutment
Confinement Reinforcement of Abutment:
Width of abutment shaft b = 900 mm

Length of abutment shaft L = 12900 mm
Clear cover to earth face = 75 mm

Clear cover to other face = 50 mm
2
Confined area of concrete = 9920000 mm
NED = 838.7 Tonne

2
Ac = 11610000 mm
fck = 35 Mpa
fcd = 15.63 Mpa
fyd = 434.8 Mpa
Normalized axial force

hk = Max NED/Ac fck
hk = 0.021 < 0.08 Not required Confining R/F

< 0.3
Design of Abutment Cap
As the cap is fully supported on the abutment shaft, minimum thickness of the cap required as per Clause 710.8.7 of IRC : 78- 2014 is 225 mm
However the thickness of abutment cap is kept as 0.50 m
Assuming a cap thickness of 0.23 mm

area of abutment cap = 0.225 x 1310
= 294.75 mm^3
Quantity of steel = 1 % of area
= 1 x 294.75 = 2.95 mm^2
100
Steel required
Provide 6 bar of 16 mm dia bar as longitudinal steel on top face of abutment cap. ( Provided steel = 1206.37 mm^2
Provide 6 bar of 16 mm dia bar as longitudinal steel on bottom face of abutment cap. ( Provided steel = 1206.37 mm^2
Provide 4 bar of 16 mm dia bar as longitudinal steel onside face of abutment cap. ( Provided steel = 804.25 mm^2
Total Steel = 3216.99 mm^2 OK
]
Design of Abutment
DESIGN OF DIRT WALL :
0.300
Moment due to Bracket = 1.96 t-m
Approach Slab
Moment due to SIDL = 3.45 t-m
0.3 0.6
Moment due to 70RT axle = 12.1 t-m 0.3 2.24
0.3
Moment due to Braking Force = 33.9 t-m
Moment at Bottom M = 3.98 tm/m
ULS DESIGN FORCES:

Unfactored Factored Forces
Load
LOADS Force BM Force BM
Factor
T Tm T Tm
Loads = 4.18 3.98 1.5 6.27 5.97
Total 6.27 5.97
SLS DESIGN FORCES:

Unfactored SLS RARE COMB. SLS QUASI PER. COMB.
LOADS Force BM Load Force BM Load Force BM
T Tm Factor T Tm Factor T Tm
Loads = 4.18 3.98 1 4.18 3.98 1 4.18 3.98
Total 4.18 3.98 4.18 3.98
ULS DESIGN :
Design Bending Moment MED = 5.97 T-m
D = 0.300 m */ overall depth at d from face of support

d = 0.252 m */ deff at d from face of support
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Ast Provided = 16 f @ 150 c/c

2
= 1340 mm /m
Grade of Concrete fck = 35 Mpa fyk = 500 Mpa

Grade of steel fyk = 500 Mpa euk = 0.0025
eud = 0.00225
xu = 0.87 fyk Ast / 0.362 fck b fck = 35 Mpa
= 46 mm ecu2 = 0.0035
xumax/d = 0.6087
xumax = 0.609 d'
= 153 mm UNDER REINFORCED
Ast calculated = M/ 0.87 fyk (d'-0.416 xu)
2
= 590 mm /m
Ast minimum = 0.15% * b*d

2
= 450 mm /m
Ast required = Max( 590 , 450 )

2
= 590 mm /m
Increase required reinforcement by 50%
2 2
= 885 mm /m < 1340 mm /m OK
Design of Abutment
(ULS) CHECK FOR SHEAR FORCE

Factored Shear Force VED = 6.27 Tonne

Design Shear Resitance

2
= 1.891
r1 = Min Asl /bw d

0.02
= 0.0053
scp = 0 Mpa
nmin = 0.031 k3/2 fck1/2

= 0.47686
VRdc = Max ( 0.12 k (80 r1 fck )0.33 + 0.15 scp ) bw d ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.2 (2) )
(nmin +0.15scp ) bw d
= 13.9 Tonne > 6.27 Tonne OK
Max Shear Capacity of section

n = 0.6 * ( 1- fck /310) */ fck in Mpa
= 0.53
fcd = 0.4467 *fck

= 15.63 Mpa
VRDC, max = 0.5 bw d n fcd

= 105 Tonne > 6.27 Tonne OK
(SLS) CHECK FOR STRESSES (RARE & QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATIONS)

MQP = 3.98 Tm
= 0.00 Tm
For short term loading Ecm = 32308.2 Mpa
Creep coefficent f = 1.47
2
Modular ratio for QP Combination = Es / Ecm' = 15.32
Equavelent Modulus of Elasticity for Rare Combination :

MST +(1+f)* MQP

Design of Abutment
Formula used for calculation of stress

dc (depth of neutral axis) = -m*As +  ( m2 * As2 + 2* m*As*b* d )
b
INA (Transformed) = b *dc /3 + m* As *(d-dc)2
3
Compressive stress in concrete sc = MRARE* dc / INA

Tensile stress in steel ss = m* MRARE* (d - dc ) / INA
Description Stress Check For Rare Combination Stress Check For QP Combination
Design Moment = 3.98 Tm = 3.98 Tm
Total Depth at section = 0.3 m = 0.3 m
deff = 0.252 m = 0.252 m
width b = 1m = 1m
2 2
Ast, provided = 1340 mm /m = 1340 mm /m
Modular ratio = 15.32 = 15.32
dc (depth of neutral axis) = 83 mm = 83 mm
INA (Transformed) = 7.77E+08 mm4 = 7.77E+08 mm4
2 2
Compressive stress in concrete sc = 4.27 N/mm = 4.27 N/mm
2 2
Permissible Compressive stress = 16.8 N/mm OK = 12.6 N/mm OK
2 2
Tensile stress in steel ss = 133 N/mm = 133 N/mm
2 2
Permissible tensile stress = 300 N/mm OK = 400 N/mm OK
(SLS) CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH (QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATIONS)
Minimum Reinforcement for crack control :

As,min = kc k fct,eff Act / ss ( IRC 112 / clause 12.3.3 (2) )
For Web
kc = 0.4 For Bending member
h = 0.3 m , b = 1m
k = 1
fcteff = fctm
= 2.77 Mpa
Act = Area of concrete within tensile zone just before the first crack form, section behaves
elastically until the tensile fiber stress reaches fctm. hence Neutral axis depth will be
considered for gross section
Act = b * h/2
2
= 0.15 m
ss = Maximum stress permitted in reinf. Immediately after formation of crack

= fyk
= 500 Mpa
2 2
Asmin = 333 mm /m < 1340 mm /m OK
Design of Abutment
Calculation of Crack Width : ( IRC 112 / clause 12.3.4)

wk,max = 0.3 mm
Clear cover c = 40 mm
Bar dia feq = 16 mm
5 (c +feq/2) = 240 mm
Spacing b/w bars = 150 mm < 240 mm

The Following formula can be used for
srmax = Maximum crack spacing calculation of maximum crack spacing.
= 3.4c + 0.17f/rPeff
= 282.6125 mm
hc,eff = Min 2.5 ( h - d ) h = 0.3 m

( h - x)/3 d = 0.252 m */ (for Quasi
h/2 x = 0.0832 m Permanent Load
= 0.0723 m combination)
width b = 1m
2
Ac,eff = hc,eff *b = 0.07225 m
rP,eff = As/ Ac,eff

= 1340 / 72250.4
= 0.0186
ssc = Stress in tension Reinforcement assuming cracked section

= 133 Mpa */ (for Quasi Permanent Load combination)
Es = 200000 Mpa
Ecm' = 13055 Mpa */ (for Long term loading)
ae = Es/Ecm
ae = 15.32
kt = 0.5 (factor dependent on duration of load)
esm - ecm = Max ssc - kt fct,eff ( 1+ ae rP,eff ) / rP,eff

Es
0.6 ssc / Es
= 0.000398
wk = srmax ( esm - ecm )

= 0.112 mm < 0.300 mm OK
AButment_Pile foundation
DESIGN OF RETURN WALL
soil properties
density 20.00
F fill soil 30.00
delta 20.00
earth pressure coeff ka 0.279
equivalent fluid density 5.58
density as per IRC 6-2014
cl. 217.1 4.80
concrete
grade of conc M35
density 25
rectangular part
(slab fixed at two adjacent edges)table 26/11a free
width a 2.10
depth b 8.76
thickness 0.50
b/2= 4.381 > a
loads
earth pressure at bottom 48.902 b free
ll surcharge 6.698
analysis (ref. Roark & Young)
a/b 0.240
rectangular loading a
beta1 -0.009
beta2 0.055
max. stress (along b) -19.210
max. stress (along a) 113.460
moment about a mz1 -1.681
moment about b mx1 41.418
triangular loading
beta1 0.110
beta2 0.121
max. stress (along b) 1657.35
max. stress (along a) 1814.71
moment about a mz2 145.019
moment about b mx2 662.443
total moment
moment about a mz1+mz2 143.338
moment about b mx1+mx2 703.860
MJBR
DESIGN OF Retaining Wall
The basic stress value is as per Table 6.5 of IRC 112

Chararcteristic Strength of Concrete, fck = M 35 Mpa (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011)
Yield Strength of Steel, fy = Fe 500 Mpa (Table 18.1,IRC:112-2011)
Partial safety factor for concrete (basic & seismic) γm = 1.5
Partial safety factor for Steel (basic & seismic) γs = 1.15
Partial safety factor for concrete (accidental comb.) γm = 1.2
Partial safety factor for Steel (accidental comb.) γs = 1
Compressive concrete strength = fck+10 fcm = 45.0 Mpa (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011)
0.67
Axial Tensile Strength of Concrete = 0.259*(fck) fctm = 2.8 Mpa (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011)
Ultimate compressive strain in the concrete εcu3 = 0.035 (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011)
Modulus of elasticity of concrete=22*(fcm/12.5)0.3 Ecm = 32000 Mpa (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011)
Modulus of elasticity of reinf. of steel Es = 200000 Mpa
Design yield strength of shear reinforcement fywd = 434.8 Mpa
Creep Coefficient φ = 1.0 Table 6.9 It is covered with earth
fywd = fyk/ γm (As per amendment of CL.10.3.1 IRC:112-2011)
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete considering Long Term Creep = 16000
Modular ratio αe = (Es/Ec) αe = 12.50
Ultimate tensile strain in the steel εs = 0.0042
εs = [{fy/(gs xEs)}+0.002]
Coeffic to consider the influence of concrete strength α = 0.67 A2.10 Page : 244 of 112
Factor (λ) λ = 0.8 0.8 Up to fck

≤
Factor (η) η = 1 1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35, IRC:112
Design Compressive strength fcd = 0.447fck

α * f ck f cd = 15.633 N/mm2
f cd =
gm
0.0035
Basic & Seismic xu,max=
87 . fy = 0.617 or xu,max= 0.617 d
Condition, 0.0055 +
d ES
fck b d 4.6 Mu
Astreqd. = 1- 1-
Qlim = 0.36.fck(Xmax /d ) x [1- 0.42 (Xmax /d)] = 5.758 2 fy fck b d2
Width of Slab,b = 8761.000 mm Vertical

= 2100.000 mm Horizontal
MJBR
Ultimate Limit State of Strength : Component Design

spacing
Effective Depth
Moment ,Mu
Overall Depth Xumax =
(with Partial Safety Clear Cover Depth Mulim Ast Req Ast min Bar dia Ast prov Ast
Section Provided 0.617d
factor) Required ,d = Check Check
( Mu/(Qlim x
b))0.5 Provided
(t-m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (t-m) (mm2) (mm2) (mm) (mm) (mm2)
150
16
Wall
105.58 75 500 145 417 Okay 257.2 894.5 5962 5319 11743 OK
vertical 150
0
150
12
Wall_Hor
21.50 75 500 133 419 Okay 258.4 216.5 1204 1281 6606 OK
izontal 150
0
Section Under/Over Reinforced Check Moment Offered by Steel Reinforcement at Comp. Face
Neutral Axis
Max Neutral Moment of
Depth as per Ast
Axis Depth Moment to resistance
Ast prov Prov Moment of Min steel Bar dia Spacing Ast prov
be resisted offered by
Xumax = Section resistance Ast
Section xu= Section steel
0.617d Check offered by Check
steel check
(0.87fy*Ast)/
(mm2) (mm) (t-m) (t-m) mm2 mm mm mm2
(0.36*fck*b)
12 150 1583
under Wall
Wall vertical 11743 257.2 46.28 105.58 203.09 OK 2349
reinforced vertical
0 150
12 150 6606
under Wall_Horiz
Wall_Horizontal 6606 258.4 108.60 21.50 107.29 OK 1321
reinforced ontal
0 150
MJBR
Limit State of Servicibility :
Maximum permissible stress (IRC :112-2011 ,Cl. 12.2)

Frequent/Quasi-Permanent
Permissible Stress in Concrete 0.36*fck = 12.60 Mpa
Permissible Stress in Steel fy /γs = 300.0 Mpa
Rare combination
Permissible Stress in Concrete 0.48*FCK = 16.80 Mpa
Permissible Stress in Steel 0.6 fy = 300 Mpa (As per Ammendment No.1 IRC:112, August 2013)
(As per cl. 12.2.1 IRC 112-2011)
Top &
Ast
Effective Depth Provided Overall depth provided Bar dia spacing Bottom
Moment, Moment provided
stress= Section
Section Clear Cover Rare Quasipermanent
M*Y/I={M*( check
combination Combinations
D/2)}/{(b*D
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm2) ^3)/12}
16 150
Wall vertical 75 70.39 66.24 417 500 11743.4 1.93 Uncracked
0 150
12 150
Wall_Horizontal 75 14.33 14.50 419 500 6605.6 1.64 Uncracked
0 150
- AsEs + (AsEs)2 + 2bAsEsEceff d

Depth of concrete compression: dc =
b Eceff
Moment of inertia for cracked section 1 Eceff

Icr = As(d- dc)2+ b dc 3
3 Es
Compressive Stresses at top M Eceff

σcr,top =
Zc Es
Tensile Stress at level of Steel Me d

σs =
Zs
MJBR
Stresses for Rare Combinations Stresses for Quasi-Permanent Combinations

Tensile
Depth of Depth of Moment of Compressi
Moment of Tensile Stress Stress at
concrete Compr Stresses concrete Inertia for on
Section inertia for Check at level of Check Eceff Check level of Check
compression in Concrete, Mpa compression cracked Stresses
section, Icr Steel in Mpa Steel in
dc dc section Icr in Mpa
Mpa
Wall vertical 75.63 1570605853 5.42 OK 152.98 OK 16000 102.64 1221067393 4.45 OK 170.55 OK
Wall_Horizontal 110.19 779768376 3.24 OK 56.77 OK 16000 146.41 1223987223 1.39 OK 32.30 OK
Crack Width Check

Crack width, wk = Sr.max ( εsm- εcm) ( As per 12.3.4 of IRC 112-2011 )
Crack width
Section
(mm)
fct,eff
σsc - kt 1+αe ρp,eff
εsm - εcm = ρp,eff > = 0.6 σsc
<0.3 OK
Es Es
Wall vertical 0.268
εsm = Mean strain in the reinforcement
εcm = Mean strain in concrete between cracks
0.67
fct,eff = 0.259*(fck)
ρp,eff = As / Ac,eff
αe = Es / Eceff 0.17 φ
Sr.max = 3.4 c +
σsc = Tensile Stress at level of Steel ρp,eff
MJBR

A1-A2 - Pile Foundation

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Design Note

Client : Public Works Department NH Zone Chhattisgrah

Bloom Companies, LLC

M/s Valecha Engineering.Ltd

Document No. : Project Code Doc. No. Sr. No. Revision

Design By Checked By Checked By Reviewed By

Shree Bhawani Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd.

﻿Sr. No. Design Chainage (CA) Proposed Chainage (P&P)

Span c/c of brg. = 22.50 m

Total Depth of super-structure = 1.92 m

Overall carriageway width = 12.9 m

MATERIAL USED & THERE PROPERTIES :

Modulus of Elasticity for Concrete

Creep coefficent for Foundation f = 1 ( As ho =  , For foundations)

SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE :

Max permissible Stress in Steel (Quasi) = 0.8*fyk = 400 Mpa

Pile Diamenter = 1.2 m

Pile capacity Vertical = 342 Tonne */(Non-Seismic case)

Nos. of Girder = 4 Nos.

10 0.510 0.500 CAP TOP 339.260

2.100 0.900 2.100

2.100 0.90 2.100

0.00 12.900 0.00

FORCES DUE TO SELFWEIGHT OF SUB_STRUCTURE & FOUNDATION :

Calculating Selfweight of Sub-structure :

Abutment shaft weight considered 49.01 122.51 3.01 0.00 0.00

Total Footing weight 123.93 309.83 0.90 0.00 0.00

Total Footing weight 14.62 36.55 4.38 -1.50 0.00

Earth Weight over Pile Cap

Total Earth weight 32.13 63.11 2.05 0.00 0.00

Total Sub-structure + Pile Cap 244.52 590.64 2.17 -0.12 0

Total Weight of sub-structure & foundation = 590.64 T

Lever arm about c/L base (along TT axis) = 0m

Finding creep coefficent for sub-structure :

fck = 35 Mpa (Considering Precast Beam material)

f (t, to) = fo bc( t , to )

fRH = 1+ 1 - RH/100 for fcm ≤ 45 Mpa

1+ 1 - RH/100 for fcm > 45 Mpa

a1 = [ 43.75 / fcm ]0.7 = 0.9805

a2 = [ 43.75 / fcm ]0.2 = 0.9944

bfcm = 18.78 / √fcm

bto = 1/ (0.1+ to0.2)

bc( t , to) = [ (t-to) / (bH +t -to) ]0.3

bH = Min 1.5 [ 1+ (0.012 RH)18 ] ho +250 for fcm ≤ 35 Mpa

Min 1.5 [ 1+ (0.012 RH)18 ] ho +250 a3 for fcm > 35 Mpa

a2 = [ 43.75 / fcm ]0.5 = 0.986

bc( t , to) = 0.983

f (t, to) = 1.34

*/ Calculation of Selfweight of Super-Structure :

Density of RCC = 2.5 T/m

Nos. of Girder = 4 1.700 1.920

Section at Mid Span Section at Support

0.500 1.200 1.200 8.85

Section Property of Girder At Mid Span

Total 0.633 0.861

Section Property of Girder At Support Section

Total 1.044 0.832

Self weight of Precast Beam

Sr. No. Design Chainage (CA) Proposed Chainage (P&P)