KVS MANTRA

STUDY MATERIAL
Capsule Notes

Computer Command access F1 help

 Computer electronic device of data F2 Rename F5 Refresh
form input process  Computer Number Input Numeric
information form output keys use Function keys Just
 Computer is a combination between Hardware and
Software.  Numeric keys Alphabetic keys
Character input Alphabetic
Data and Information keys first line button "QWERTY"
 Data Raw facts Means Meaningless laptops Computers
Result Data used keyboard qwerty keyboard
Information convert Activity
Process  Enter key use cursor next line
 Data - Information objective open
Data  words character space
Computer spacebar use
   Ctrl key use other key Combination
Hardware Software Shortcut command prefer
[can touch] [Don't
touch]  Alt key use shortcut command
mainly purpose ctrl key use
Hardware
Input devices Output devices  Shift key press character capital case
 Keyboard  Monitor Buttons symbol
 Mouse  Printer shift key use
 Scanner  Plotter  Caps Lock on character capital letter
 Joystick  Speaker off small letter
 Tab key use paragraph intput
Key Board
cursor screen move
 input device text  Keyboard Right side Number keyboard
charector symbol and numbers enter use Number data input
minimum 101 Keys
Divide  Number Keypad direction arrow
1. Function keys Number lock key use
2. Numeric keys  Cursor Right side text Remove
3. Alphabatic keys Delete key use Cursor Remove
4. Special keys Backpage use
 Keyboard function keys F1  Toggle keys:- keys working provide
F2 Predefined task on working

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 35
 off working character print speed slow
For eg. - Caps Lock, Number lock. Scroll Lock, Insert printing quality non impact printer

Mouse
 Non Impact Printer:- printer lazer light
 Computer Selection related work according print Cartridge
mouse use clicks Left, printing Ink speed
Right and Double. fast printing quality
 Click Button Left and Right Object  Page printer printed output hard copy
Select Left click use Computer data Comparison
double click Object Properties Stable
Select Right click use  By default page portrait print
 Screen Mouse Position Mouse Pointer
 Plotter
show optical mouse
use  Graphs chart print plotter
 Screen Object New Location use different colors
Mouse used word pens use
Drag and Drop  Speaker
 Object Text Move Mouse  MIDI:- Musical Instrument digital interface parts
Button Hold sound card music
Dragging
 Text Mouse Arrow drag Shading Software
Text selection
System Application Utility
Highlight
[Dos, window [Word, Excel [Sandisk
Mouse Pointer Working Shape
Liners, unix, Mac] Powerpoint
Defragment
Arrow
web browser] Antivirus]
Scanner  System Sofware:- Hardware and Software
 use text picture scan data processing communication/Environment
mediator
 Scanner text picture scan application and Hardware
digitad form store Windows, linux, ubntu, Mac, MsDos.
 Application Software:-
Joy Stick special task app. software use
 use computer game
Website Ms-Office, VLC
Output devices
 Utility Software:- System use
 Monitor
 Show CRT  Memory
(Cathod Ray Tube) Primary Memory Secondary Memory
LCD Monitor use

 Printer
RAM ROM Hard disk F.D.D. Mag C.D.
Impact Non Impact Random Read only pen drive, tap
 
  access memory
Line Character Inkjet Lazer memory
[Dotmatric] Liquid ink dry ink  RAM:- Currently Executed Program Ram Store
 Impact Printer:- typewriter according work Computer
printing Voletile memory
rebbon line printer line  ROM:- Read only memory non voletial memory
print character printer

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 36
 Computer install  URL - Uniform Resource locator
program load Computer  MICR - Magnetic ink character reader
use  WWW - World wide web
instruction and address hold  ENIAC - Electronic numerical intergrator and
 Hard Disk:- calculator
save Computer Hard  EDVAC - Electronic discrete variable autometers
Disk main reason computer
Computer Removable  UNIVAC - Universal automatic computer
media  VIRUS - Vital information resourse under seize
 Floppy Disk Drive:- Small quantity transfer  Arpanet - Advance research project agency
use 77 tracks network
track 26 sector  USB - Universal serial Bus
3.5 (1.44 MB)  SMPS - Switch mode power supply
5.25 Inch (1.2 MB)  BIOS - Basic input outpt system
Data Rim record track  KBPS - Kilobyte per second
 Magnetic Tap:- 1/2 inch 2400 fit  ISP - Internet service provider
18 crore character store  DBA - Database administrator
searching Method Sequential excess  AI - Artificial intelligenece
use  OMR - Optical mark reader
 Compact Disk:- 650 - 700 MB store  OCR - Optical character reader
CD use CD  UPS - Uninterprated power supply (light
power backup provide )
 Pen Drive:- data transfer  POP - Post office protocol
pen drive use  POA - Personal digital assistant
easily read write  BCD - Binary coded decimal
 Computer memory unit bit  IRC - Internet rely chat
bit bits byte
Extensions
bit bits.
8 Bit = 1 Byte  file software type
1024 Byte = 1 Kilo Byte extension use
1024 KB = 1 MB [1 Billion Byte] mainly 3 character
1024 MB = 1 GB [1 Billion Byte]  DOC - Word file  PPT - Powerpoint life
1024 GB = 1 Tera Bite  XLS - Excel  BMP - Paint
 ALU - Arithmetic logical unit  JPG - Picture  DAT - Video
 CU - Control unit  TXT - Notepad  HTML/HTM - HTML
 CPU - Control processing unit Shortcut Keys
 DBMS - Database management system
 Keyboard access
 RDBMS - Relational database management
Shortcut keys use
System
 Keys Combination execute
 E-MAIL - Electronic mail
 FTP - File tranfer protocol
 Ctrl + N - New
 GUI - Graphical user inteface
 Ctrl + O - Open
 CUT - Character user interface
 Ctrl + S - Save
 HTML - Hyper text markup language
 Ctrl + P - Print
 IT - Information technology
 Ctrl + C - Copy
 IC - Integrated circuit
 Ctrl + V - Paste
 LAN - Local area network
 Ctrl + X - Cut
 MAN - Metropolian area network
 Ctrl + L - Left align
 WAN - Wide area network
 Ctrl + A - Select all

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 37
 Ctrl + F - Find  Java:- Web page development Java use
 Ctrl + K - Hyperlink extension Java
 Ctrl + B - Bold  HTML:- Web page designing use
 Ctrl + I - Italic file extension HTM HTML
 Ctrl + U - Underline
Converters
 Ctrl + R - Right aling
 Ctrl + E - Center align 1. Assembler:- Assembly language code
 Ctrl + J - Justifie machine language use
 Ctrl + I - Current data 2. Interpreter:- High level language code
 Ctrl + Z - Undo machine language use
 Ctrl + alt + del - Resorst and Reboot Instructions one by one current
 Alt + Tab - Change Window 3. Complier:- High level language code machine
 Alt + F4 - Close Window language
 Ctrl + Shift + ; - Current time Objective Code Source Code
 After Compiling - Human understanding
Number System
Programme
 Binary 2 0,7
 Octal 8 0 -7  Set of instruction page collection of
 Decimal 10 0-9 some pages in a right manner is called program
 Hexadecimal 16 0 - 9, A - F Software

Languages Operating System

 MSDOS:- Microsoft disk operating system CUI
Low Level
based operating system help
1. Machine Language:- Binary Language
commands
0 form computer machine
language machine langauge
1. Internal Command:- command memory
cool internal
2. Assembly Language:- Meachine Language
command
CLS MD
program machine language
Date CD
program language
Time RD
memory code use
Copycon Deltree
High Level Lanuage
Type Del Ren
 Fortron:- Formula Translation -
 Screen clean clrscr command
useful
use full form clear screen
 Basic:- Beginners all purpose symbolic instruction
 System current date current date
code
command use
useful
 Dos file copy command
 Cobol:- Common business oriented long language
use file save ctrl + 2 F6
useful
function key use
 C Language:- CUI Based software C
 file matter type
language use
command use
file extension - C
 Dos directory MD (make directory)
 C++:- CUI based software use
command use directory
C features Bjarne
change directory use directory
strouse
delete remove directory (RD)
 Visual Basic:- GUI Based software
use RD directory remove
use form
condition directory empty
forms combination project VB
extension from project VBP
64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 38
 Directory Empty delete  Wild-card - Symbol character
delete command use file delete characters combination
delete command
Excel [Spreadsheet Software]
rename command use

External Command Formula Bar

A B C D
 Commands memory Load Row 1 3 Right align
memory load 65536
2 A Left align
 Scan disk
 Chk disk 3 Margin
4
Window Shat 2 3
Guidelines Column (265)
 Title bar screen min,
max, close button work sheet - 256
 Title bar menubar menus work book total cell - 16777216
menus commands list menubar  use caluclation balance sheet
toolbar commands Icon budget
quickly access  Excel toolbar formula bar
toolbar use toolbar screen button formulas number add
start start button sum formula number greater
used program access help number maximum. formula
formula use
 Desktop:- Computer on screen  Excel file workbook workbook
Icon taskbar pages worksheet
desktop workbook by default 3 worksheet
 Icons:- command maximum 256 worksheet row
access column divide row horizontal
 Cursor:- Blink line text vertical total
cursor cursor row label 1 A
right side location insertion point IV row column
 Save As:- saved file cell cell row
other location save use column label cell hieghest
character worksheet
 Recycle Bin:- Computer delete file recycle total 16777216 cell by default alignment left
bin store files alphabet left number
restore all command use right align cell
recyclebin empty command level row columns
use lines guidelines
 Editing:- text changing  row column move moved cell
editing text cell move excel workbook
 Formatting:- text formatting sheet move sheet tab
means color, size, font, style change use
means appearance  cell single cell combine
formatting margin
 Type space type
Microsoft Word
right side location
 word processor applet software
(a) Cursor (b) Insertion point
use mainly text related work
(c) Insert (d) Editing
(e) None of these

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 39
 Biography type resume  MS Powerpoint slide
page background text Background tools menu slide
font, size, style, change formate menu layout option use
use
Mother Board
 Drop cap formate menu use
line character  computer heart main board
line drop cap circuit
 File print file menu select devices input - output devices, RAM,
cut, copy, find, paste, select all ROM processor attach working
edit menu use Parts of CPU
 MS word normal view default view
user header and footer ALU
Best View page layout view 
wysiwyg [what you see is what you get] CU
page features show 
 Spelling and Grammar checking proofing Memory
word computer (i) ALU:- Computer calculation related work
dictionary red line addition. Substrication, multiplication
word create devidition ALU
feature auto create (ii) CU:- Computer parts component
 document page page combination CU
cut ctrl + enter key use
 line home key use BUG
last end key use  Program
page starting ctrl + page up use Bug
page last ctrl + page  Error search testing error
done use debugging
 Document starting ctrl + home
Header and Footer
last ctrl + end key use user
document file name  text document page top
 Page perview mode page special text header
print perview special text footer
document pages Data Communication Mode
 Assistant:- Advise help extinated
1. Simplex:- data transfer side
character
Radio T.V.
 Template:- Professionally design
2. Half Duplex:- data transfer side
document use
side Walky -
Talky
MS Power Point 3. Full Duplex:- transfer
 presentation software slide side Mobile
presetation page Data Communication Channel
slides animation use
1. Twisted pair cable:- Simple light cable
slide zoom screen show
2. Co-axcial cable:- Data transfer used
F5 function key use
special wire conterwire
slide out-line vies
use view slide
3. Fiber optic cable:- data light speed
TRI-PAN view presentation
transfer infra-red source
slide used special effect
animation
64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 40
 Bandwidth URL
 Data communication data transmition  
Web Site address
speed bandwidth calculation Http:- www. yahoo.com. home. HTML
KBPS Protocol Domain Web page
Internet Domain Name
 URL:- Website Complete address protocol
 network of networks schools,
web page server
universities, persons connect
URL
internet
networks network Downloading
connect world  Internet sever computer client computer
network Transfer file store downloading
networks connet network provide
internet
 WWW:- Tim Barness lel Uploading
Internet websites websites  Client Computer Server Computer
pages pages address transfer uploading
www client display
Server
collection of website
 Website:- Internet page  network Computer Information
text, picture video (contents of web page) data store network client
web page web pages node information provide server
collection website
 Website page home page Client
 Web Browser:- application software
 Network Computer server
computer website
information share client
website is a collection of web pages in a right
manner Search Engine
 Internet Explorer Netscape Navigator  Internet website address search
Mozila Firefox subject related information search
Google Chrome search engine use
 mark Browser search text keywords
mosaic
 WWW:- web Billion  Google, Yahoo, Lycos, Altavista search engine
document
(i) WWW (ii) HTTP  popular search engine google
(iii) Web Protocol (iv) Domain
(v) None of these E-mail
 Internet msg E-mail
Domain Name
mail on-line
 website server
CC-Carboncopy clients
 Com - Commercial mail
 Org - Organisation copy
 Mil - Military BCC-Blind carboncopy clients
 In - India mail particular
 Edu - Education person mail

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 41
 Spam 2. Leased line Connection:- Internet use
 mail spam line provide
delete Internet use
virus effected 3. Broadband Connection:- Telephone
 new mail create send new use connection
mail create compose mail click available Net charges
new window show Minimum rent Pay Speed
 Inbox:- mail fast Internet use
indox store Phone line busy
 Sent items:- mail Topologies
a/c sent mail store
 Computers Connect
 Company Internet
Network Network
BSNL, Reliance, Airtel
Techniques
 Hyperlink:- Website text picture
Techniques Topologies
page link click
page open hyperlink
1. Linear/Bus Topology: cable
 IP address:- Website machine language name
Computer node cable
IP address. (internet protocol) four parts
Terminator Information packets
divide
transfer Computer
242 : 112 : 26 : 38
cable connect
Hacking
 Internet without permission a/
c access data edit data remove
hacking mainly password
hacking hacker

Advantages:- (i) Computer

HUB
effect
 Computer Network center part
Computers cable (ii) Topology easy
Data Hub easily node

 VAN Controller Computer Hub Disadvantages:- (i) Control Centerlized

host error search
 Computer Hub hand sharing
(ii) Length
Chatting Repeater use
(iii) Backbone cable
 Person Internet chatting
Network
msg chatting
chatting
2. Ring/Circular Topology:- Computer
on-line
Connected
 Chatting
Computer Computer Connect
1. Dial-up Connection:- Telephone
transfer side
use cable connected
connection
disadvantages speed slow
Internet use Phone line busy

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 42
 4. Tree Topology:- Computer
root node Computers child node
Topology last Terminator
Transfer Bus Topology

5. Hybrid/Graph Topology:- Fix

node node connected
Topologies
Advantages:- (i) Data Transfer
computer
Virus
 Virus unauthenticated code
(ii) Repeater authenticated code extinction
unauthenticated code
Disadvantages:- (i) Computer  Program Net
Network Program Attach Computer Memory
Enter Memory Remove
(ii) Computer Change Data
Computer Computer Virus
Transfer  Computer Virus Internet
(iii) New Computer E-mail
 Popular Virus Trojon Horse
(iv) Control Centerlized
Antivirus
Search
 Virus Search Software
antivirus Security Entity
3. Star Topology:- Computer Centerlized
Nortol, Quick Heal, Mcaffee, Kasper sky.
Computer Hub Host
Computer Booting
 Operating system Memory Load Process
(RAM ) Booting

(i) Cold Booting:- Computer Main Switch

on Cold Booting
(ii) Warm booting:- Computer Restart
Reboot Warm Booting
Hard Booting
Advantages:- (i) error Search Gateway
Control
 Networks Connect Gateway
Centerlized
use
(ii) Computer
Router
 Networks Connect
(iii) node Router use

Disadvantages:- (i) Hub Animation

Network  Pictures Movement Still Pictures
(ii) cost Movement Animation
cable

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 43
 Server Segment Call  First generation (1946-1959):- Vaccum Tube
 Character Lines use Assembly Language Development

E-Commrce  Second Generation (1959-1965):- Trangistor

 Computer Internet Business use CoBoL Fortron Language
E- Commerce
www.ebay.com  Third Generation (1965-1971):- Integrated
Circuit use PASCAL Basic Long
Protocolls
Development Micro Computer
 Computers IC Jack Killbior
Robert Noyce
Http, Smtp  Simple mail Transfer Protocol  Fourth Generation (1971-1980):- Very Large
Types of Network Scale IC use GUI MS Window, MS Dos
Apple Operating System C long
 LAN:- Area use
Development Floppy Disk
Building Computers Connect
 MAN:- Metropolitan Area Network LAN
 Fifth Generation (1981 - till now):- very Large
VAN Area computer Connect
Scale IC ULSIC [Ultra Large Scale IC] use
MAN
AI [Artifical Intelligence] use
Building Computers Connect
 WAN:- Area Computer Means
Computers Connect Size ds According
WAN Centerlized  Micro Computer:- Starting 1970 Start
Computer Host CPU Microprocessor use
Database IBM Company
 Information
8, 16, 32 64 Bit Mico Processor
Information Easily
use PC
Data Files Store Database
Offices, School, Business, Medical
File File Table
Entertainment use
Store Row Record (Tupple)
 Mini Computer:- Micro Computer
Record Information Data
Mainframe 1965
File
Digital Equipment Corporation Company
 DBMS user friendly Interface
Processor Storage
program Form
Capacity Speed High
 Database Record Single Entry

Reservation, Scientific Purpose Offices

Robms use
 Related Data Different Table  Mainframe Computer:
 Integrated Records Collection Database Microprocessor
use
Classification of Computer Centerlized Computer online
Generation Size Purpose Data Processing
Istst gen. Micro Analog Banks, Security Research use
II gen.
nd
Mini Digital  Super Computer: Powerful
IIIrd gen. Mainframe Hybrid Computer Processor
IV gen
th
Super Multi Processing Parllel
V gen.
th Processing
Storage Capacity Speed
high Super Computer
64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 44
 10,000 C-DAC Pune [Center for (ii) Binary number system
Development of Advance Computing] The binary number system makes use of only 2 basic
 Super Computer CRAY- KIS symbols uiz.
Cray Research Compny
0&1
Super Computer
EKA TATA Group CRL Using ‘0’ and ‘1’ we can go on to make the next entity,
(Computerisation research Lab, Pune ) after 1 i.e. 10, which is equal lo decimal digit 2 and then
 Weather forcasting, space research, petrolium, 11, 100, 101, 110, and so on.
use Symbolically, a binary number is written by enclosing
it in brackets with j subscript Thus, decimal numbers 2 &
Binary
23, for instance, are written as
A number system using base 2 instead of the usual 2 = (10)2
(human) base 10, which is normally referred to as the
(23)10 = (1011l)2
decimal system. Computers use base 2 because they can
only recognise two values, 1 or 0. This is simulated The base of binary number system is 2
electronically by using a device, such as a switch, which (iii) Hexadecimal number system
is either on (1) or off (0). All numbers are represented by It makes use of 16 symbols with digits 0 to 9 and alphabets
combinations of ones and zeroes, thus the number 9 is A to F for 10 to 15. Using these we can write, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
represented as 1001, the right-most column being the units 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F, 10,11... The base of
column and the other columns, moving from right to left, Hexadecimal number system is 16.
being 2, 4, 8.
Conversion of number systems
Number Systems (i) Conversion of decimal number system to binary
(i) Decimal number system number system (Double dabble method)

The is the number system which we use in our everyday To convert a decimal number into a binary number,
life. There are 10 basic symbols in decimal number we go on dividing the decimal number by 2 until the
system. They are – quotient is 0. The remainders of each successive divisions
are then written in reverse order to get the corresponding
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9.
binary number It is illustrated in the example below.
All quantities are represented by the combinations
To convert 37 into binary system,
of these symbols. Thus for instance, the entity after ‘9’ is
‘10’. The remainders are written in reverse order i.e.,
100101, to get the answer.
i.e. 10 = 2nd of the above basic symbols written along
with the first by its side. The next number thereafter, is (37)10 = (100101)2
“11” and This system of dividing by 2 to convert decimal
11 = 12nd basic number. 2nd basic number, then number to binary form is called double dabble method.

13 = 2nd basic number. 3rd basic number, then (ii) Conversion of binary number system to decimal
number system
13 = 2nd basic number. 4th basic number, then
Starting with the least significant digit (LSD) of the binary
20 3rd basic number 1th basic number, and
number, we multiply it by 2°, the next digit by 21, next
21 = 3rd basic number 2'” basic number etc digit by 22 and so on until the most significant digit (MSD)
99 = 10th baric number, then 10th basic number is readied. The products of these multiplications are added
100 = 2nd basic number, 1st basic number, 1st basic together to get the equivalent decimal value. For example,
number and so on. to convert 10110 into its decimal equivalent number, we
proceed as follows
The total number of symbols used in a system is
known as its base or radix .Thus, a decimal number system 10110 = 1 × 24 + 0 23 + 1 × 22 + 1 × 21 + 0 × 20
has a base of ten = 16 + 0 + 4 + 2 + 0 = 22

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 45
 Applications of Computer  Binary digit step bit
 Analog: units use  Banks checks MICR use
speed slow
computers use  PC document
Voltage Miter, Light Miter etc. document store
 Digital: Electronic signal calculation Flesh memory
Binary number [0,1] use  Application Magnetic Tap useful
speed computer recall sed.
mainly access
 Hybrid: Analog digital  1 Byte storage device
calculation processing digital use unit - Bit
 msg
computer use hospital security
science
 Computer literacy day- 2 dec. 
 Bangluru  Computer
 Computer
 Addition Sub.  Control unit
Addition Machine Pascline  Data Logical seq. arrange sorting
2 Nibble = 1 Byte
1 Nibble = 4 Bit file name ..... unique name
 Zine: Electronic Magzine Internet facts provide
Publish  chip transistor Elec.
1 Byte 16 value component complete electronic circuit
 Disk Driver: Integrated circuit
applications combine  Saved document file
single app. Integrated Software  Window Explorer file manager
 Computer Station
 Utility Software: software computer
World first electronic computer- ENIAC
 Operating system Handle 1946
software handle  Microprocessor IBM Company
Utility software Intel -4004 IBM Company 1924
 Program Computer different parts
user computer Interact  Removable media: Device computer
attach Remove Computer
Utility software off Removable media
R/W means - Read & write
ROD - Reuseable optical disk Ex- Optical Disk [DVD, CD], Memory card,

MHz - Mega heartz floopy disk, magnetic tap, pendrive etc.
Laptop   Hard disk Removable media
 Hardisk Physical error check  Cache memory: CPU main memory
window profile Quick memory
- scan disk  Password: Program Entry
 LANs user
WAN Internet  Access code: program Excess
 Computer Internet web server, predefined User
web browser, Internet connection modam

64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 46
 Some Importance Questions computer network server
1. Digital signal BCD: Binary Coded Decimal
2. Linux operating system company SMTP: Simple Mail Trasnsfer Protocol
RTSG: Real Time Gross Settlement
3. CD-RAW erase ISDN: Integrated Service Digital Network
26. Virtual memory physical memory
4. Micro Computer Hardware Physical Equipment 27. internet provider BSNL
3 Basic Category 28. Computer main memory primary
System unit, I/O & memory memory
5. Computer new generation Nano Computer and 29. Massage and Barcode Maping
Quantum Computer symbologic
6. Windows software application 30. Microwave
31.
7. processor programs data use 32. Per mint one round
Main Memory 33. TV Tuner card- Computer TV Signal
8. Main memory Processor connected
1956: First computer in India by IBM
9. word document background option menu 1965: First Computer Society of India in Hydrabad.
preset 1976: Apple-2 (Steve jobs)
10. Common Data elements sequence:- Character, field, 1976: First Computer company in India by Shiv nadas+
record, file, database. 6 friends Microcompt (HCL-Hindustan Computer
11. Window Icon Shrink ltd.)
Window 1980: Microsoft+ IBM= Ms-DOS(Bill Gates)
12. Executing command Carryout 1981: First PC by IBM
13. Computer disk, disk drive 1984: hp (hewlett packard) started.
1986: Internet started by Robert eklin and vint.
14. 1988: Intel-486 First microprocessor invented.
15. 1991: First Website
formatting 1992: Microsoft windows 3.1
16. Hard-disk 1993: First web browser mosic by Mark Aderson.
17. Menu commands 1994: First www web browser netscape 1.0.
18. Menu command 1995: Window 95(OS)-First GUI based OS by Microsoft.
19. Hardisk aluminum 1997: Microsoft Internet explorar 4.0 & Pentium 2nd
20. Internet interconnected networks system processor.
21. computer memory 1998: Window 98(OS) & Apple Launched Macintosh OS
for I-mac.
22. Page preview 1999: Pentium 3rd generation & MS-Office-2000
launched.
23. Word word document e-mail file/ 2000: Windows-2000(OS) & Pentium 4th generation.
sent to/ mail receipent 2001: Window xp & E-books Launched.
24. 2006: Window Vista(OS)
presentation software 2010: 3G Network Launched.
25. typical network 2015: 4G Network Launched.



64, Kingsway Camp (Mall Road) Near GTB Nagar Metro Station. Gate No. 3 Delhi – 9 47
 Our Result
Success Ratio of Last 7 Year's

CTET DSSSB UGC-NET

98% Result 86% Result 84% Result
with AIR - 1 with AIR - 1 with AIR - 1
KVS NVS OTHER
82% Result 80% Result 88% Result
with AIR - 1 with AIR - 1 with AIR - 1

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