Subject: Earth and Life Science

Grade Level: Grade 12

Objective:

1. Enumerate the different layers of the earth.

2. Identify the characteristics of each layer.

3. Relate pressure and temperature with depth.

4. Identify the characteristics and properties of minerals.

5. Arrange the minerals in Mohs Scale from softest to hardest.

Learning across the curriculum:

- Physics: Understanding the relationship between pressure and depth.

- Chemistry: Identifying the chemical composition of minerals.

- Mathematics: Using numbers and measurements to describe the layers of the

earth.

Elicit:

- Ask students to recall what they already know about the layers of the earth.

- Conduct a quick warm-up activity where students write down the names of the
earth's layers on a piece of paper.

Engage:

1. Show a short video clip or image slideshow of the earth's layers to capture the
students' attention and generate interest.

2. Ask students to share any personal experiences or observations related to the

earth's layers.

3. Conduct a class discussion on why it is important to study the earth's layers and
minerals.
Explore:

Activity 1: Layers of the Earth Model

Materials: Playdough or modeling clay, markers, index cards

Instructions:

1. Divide the students into small groups.

2. Provide each group with playdough or modeling clay.

3. Instruct the students to create a model of the earth's layers using the playdough or
modeling clay.

4. Ask each group to label the different layers on index cards and attach them to
their model.

5. Have the groups present their models to the class.

Assessment questions:

1. What are the different layers of the earth?

2. How did you decide on the characteristics of each layer for your model?

Activity 2: Pressure and Temperature Experiment

Materials: Clear plastic bottle, water, food coloring, thermometer

Instructions:

1. Fill the plastic bottle with water.

2. Add a few drops of food coloring to the water.

3. Measure the temperature of the water using a thermometer.

4. Place the bottle in a container filled with hot water.

5. Observe the changes in temperature and pressure inside the bottle.

6. Discuss the relationship between pressure and temperature with the students.

Assessment questions:

1. How did the temperature change affect the pressure inside the bottle?

2. What did you observe during the experiment that supports the relationship
between pressure and temperature?

Activity 3: Mineral Identification Lab

Materials: Various mineral samples, magnifying glasses, streak plates, Mohs

Scale of Hardness chart

Instructions:

1. Provide each student with a mineral sample and a magnifying glass.

2. Instruct the students to observe the characteristics and properties of their

assigned mineral.

3. Ask the students to perform a streak test using the streak plates.

4. Have the students arrange the minerals in order of hardness using the Mohs
Scale of Hardness chart.

Assessment questions:

1. What are the characteristics and properties of the mineral you observed?

2. How did you determine the hardness of your assigned mineral?

Explain:

1. Lecture: Provide a detailed explanation of the layers of the earth, including their
names, composition, and characteristics. Use visual aids such as diagrams and
charts to enhance understanding.

2. Group discussion: Engage students in a discussion about the relationship

between pressure and temperature with depth. Encourage them to ask questions
and share their thoughts.

Elaborate:

1. Virtual Field Trip: Organize a virtual field trip to a mining site or geological
museum. Students can explore the different types of minerals and their applications
in various industries.

2. Research Project: Assign students to research and create a presentation on a

specific mineral, highlighting its characteristics, properties, and uses. They can also
discuss the environmental impact of mining and ways to minimize it.

Evaluate:

1. Written Assessment: Create a written test that includes questions related to the
layers of the earth, the relationship between pressure and temperature, and mineral
identification.

2. Performance Task: Ask students to create a poster or infographic summarizing the

different layers of the earth and the properties of minerals. Assess their
understanding based on the accuracy and clarity of their visual representation.

Extend:

Encourage students to further explore the topic by conducting their own experiments,
visiting geological sites, or researching the latest discoveries in earth and life
science. Provide additional resources such as books, articles, or documentaries for
further reading.
Assignment:

Write a reflection paper on the importance of understanding the layers of the earth
and how it relates to our daily lives. Include at least three examples of how the
knowledge of earth and life science can be applied in different fields.

By following this 7Es lesson plan, students will be engaged in hands-on activities,
discussions, and research projects that will deepen their understanding of the layers
of the earth, pressure and temperature relationships, and the characteristics of
minerals.