554727500TOC.

fm

5.2.3.4 STOP SEQUENCES ........................................................................................... 157

5.2.3.5 UNIT SHUTDOWN............................................................................................ 158
5.2.3.6 TURBINE CRANKING...................................................................................... 158
5.2.3.7 TURBINE CLEANING ...................................................................................... 159
5.2.3.8 FUEL TRANSFER.............................................................................................. 163
5.2.3.9 DUTY/STANDBY CONTROL .......................................................................... 163
5.2.3.10 FIRE FIGHTING ................................................................................................ 163
5.2.3.11 LOCAL OPERATION DURING MAINTENANCE ......................................... 163
5.2.4 STAND-BY MODE ............................................................................................ 164
5.2.4.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 164
5.2.4.2 PREPARING FOR STAND-BY......................................................................... 164
5.2.4.3 MAINTENANCE IN STAND-BY MODE ........................................................ 166
5.2.4.4 RESTART AFTER STAND-BY ........................................................................ 166
5.2.5 RELATED DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS................................................. 167

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5.1 OPERATOR FACILITIES

5.1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

This chapter will describe the facilities to operate the generator packages on the Cidade de
Paraty vessel and refer to all further documentation required for operation.

The generator packages can be controlled remotely via the vessel’s central control system or
locally from the unit control panel (UCP) and the generator control panel (GCP). A human
machine interface (HMI) operator station, consisting of a personal computer, keyboard and
roller ball mouse, is integrated in the UCP and provides the operator with the local control and
monitoring interface.

The following assemblies, located beneath the skid structure or as separate units, contain visual
reading instruments of interest to the operator and service personnel:

• Gas turbine lubricating oil system

• Dual fuel system

• Hydraulic start system

• Water mist system

• Instrument air module

The instruments are listed further down in this chapter.

With a few exceptions, the tables below only show the tag numbers for generator
package A. However, since the packages are identical, the information related to
the tags applies to all four generator packages.

5.1.2 UNIT CONTROL PANEL

5.1.2.1 GENERAL

The unit control panels (UCP) for this package are located in the local equipment room (LER)
and communicate with the vessel’s central control system to provide alarm and event
information.

The UCP provides all control and monitoring functions for the gas turbine, such as start-up
sequence, running conditions, stop sequences, turbine protection, hour and start counting and
monitoring.

Information on how to operate the generator units is available in Chapter 5.2 and in the
Functional Description 01.39490.0010-AG-001. Information on how to operate the HMI can be
found here: 560408-01.

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HMI display

Local control switches

& displays

Emergency stop button

Keyboard tray

Figure 1: Unit control panel

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5.1.3 GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL

5.1.3.1 GENERAL

The GCP contains the relevant instrumentation, control switches and pushbuttons for generator
excitation control, protection, synchronization and output metering. The switch SW2 on the
panel’s front allows for selection of local or remote operation; the status is then sent to the
central control system.

The GCP layout is divided into two sections. The right hand side comprises the generator
excitation control system. The left hand side comprises the generator protection system,
synchronizing facilities and the power metering system. For detail see the Functional
Description 01.39490.0010-AG-003.

Displays Indicators

Tag no. Control switches/buttons

Pushbuttons (only available

in local mode)

Instrumentation
VE Exciter field volt meter
AER Exciter field ammeter relay (current)
S Synchroscope
VI/VR Double volt meter
FI/FR Double Hz meter

Figure 2: Generator control panel

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5.1.3.2 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN SWITCH

Emergency shutdown switches are situated on the UCP doors (see figure above) and outside the
turbine enclosures. Any shutdown signal initiated by such a switch interfaces directly to the
UCP relay logic and will initiate an immediate stop of the generator unit.

The emergency shutdown switch must only be used in the event of an actual
emergency situation. Use of this switch under normal circumstances should be
strictly prohibited. Shutting down the systems directly from load may have
detrimental effect on vital components. Any warranty currently in force on the
installation or components may be invalidated, if this switch is misused in any way.

A protective arrangement is placed around the switch to prevent accidental operation. The
switch, when being pressed, will be locked in engaged position, and requires a twisting action
to allow the switch to return to the disengaged position. When this switch has been engaged, all
systems will come to a rapid stop, without an off-load or cool-down period.

5.1.4 INSTRUMENTATION
5.1.4.1 GENERAL

The different pressure transmitters and indicators are mounted on manifolds to make it possible
to calibrate the instruments. The manifolds are equipped with manual shut-off valves in
different colors in order to control the supply to the instruments. The transmitters are dual
function instruments, giving a visual reading in addition it is sending a 4-20 mA output signal
to the control system. Each transmitter or indicator is identified by a tag number, following the
instrument name.

A regular visual check of the different package pressure and temperature indications is advised,
and these should also be recorded at intervals.

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5.1.5 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

The gas fuel system is located underneath the gas turbine skid. The location and functions of the
different components are shown in the figure and table below.

Figure 3: Operation facilities of the gas fuel system

Table 1: Functions of the gas fuel system components

Figure
Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function
pos. no.

Refer to P&ID 01.39490.0010-AF-009

T11-TE-1401 Thermowell temperature Measures the temperature of the gas supply 1

sensor

T11-PT-1402 Pressure transmitter Shows the pressure of the fuel supply 2

T11-GA-900 Gas to flare vent valve Vents the gas to flare during maintenance 3
operations on the gas fuel module.

5.1.6 GAS FUEL FILTER/SEPARATOR

Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function

Refer to P&ID 01.39490.0010-AF-011 and GA 01.39490.0010-AC-010

T11-PDT-1430 Differential pressure transmitter Shows the differential pressure over the filter

T11-PI-1431 Pressure indicator Shows the gas pressure

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5.1.7 LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM

The liquid fuel flow divider module is located on top of the gas turbine skid. The pump and
filters are located on a separate skid. The location and functions of the different components are
shown in the figure and table below.

Figure 4: Operation facilities of the liquid fuel pump module

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Table 2: Functions of the liquid fuel system components

Figure
Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function
pos. no.

Refer to P&ID 01.39490.0010-AF-009

T11-PT-1407 Pressure transmitter Shows the liquid fuel pump suction pressure 1

T11-PDT-1408 Differential pressure Shows the differential pressure over the liquid 2
transmitter fuel filter

- Push button station Emergency shutdown for liquid fuel 3

SIN001-1002 Needle valve Vent valve for the liquid fuel filter 4

SIB001-1003 Ball valve Drain valve for the liquid fuel filter 5

T11-PT-1409 Pressure transmitter Shows the pressure of the liquid fuel supply 6
towards the metering valve

T11-LG-1419 Level gauge Shows the level of waste fuel in the liquid fuel 7
hydrocarbon tank

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5.1.8 GAS TURBINE LUBE OIL SYSTEM

The synthetic oil reservoir is common for the gas turbine lubricating oil system and the
hydraulic start system and is located underneath the gas turbine skid structure. The location and
functions of the different components are shown in the figure and table below. For information
on how to fill up oil or change contaminated filter elements please refer to chapter 6.9.

5
4

2 1

8 9

10

12
10

11

Figure 5: Operation facilities of the synthetic lube oil module

(not in scale; the picture shows the scavenge filter as an example)

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Table 3: Functions of the synthetic lube oil module components

Figure
Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function
pos. no.

Refer to P&ID 01.39490.0010-AF-008

N/A Filling cap To be used for filling the tank with oil 1

T71-BL-1101 Drain valve Drains the oil reservoir at the appropriate service 2
period for an oil change.

T11-BL-908 Ball valve This valve opens the oil supply to the hydraulic start 3
module (oil comes back via strainer T11-SP-12905).

N/A Dip stick To be used to check the oil level in the reservoir 4

T11-TE-1101 Temperature element Shows the lube oil temperature in the reservoir 5

T11-LT-1100 Level transmitter Indicates the oil level in the reservoir 6

SIN001-1105 Air drain/vent valve Drain the air from the filter units. 7
SIN001-1106
SIN001-1112
SIN001-1113

SIN001-1104 Dual filter equalizing Expel all air from the filter vessel during filter change- 8
SIN001-1115 valve over.

SIN001-1103 Sample valve Provided for taking oil samples, for lab. analysis for 9
consideration of oil change.

SIB001-1107 Oil drain valve Drain oil from the filter units. 10
SIB001-1108
SIB001-1114
SIB001-1115

N/A Filter transfer valves These ball valves are operated when the stand-by filter 11
(lever) has to be brought ‘in-line’ by the movement of the
duplex selector handle to the alternate position

T11-PDT-1103 Pressure transmitter Shows the diff. pressure over the turbine lube oil 12
scavenge filter.

T11-PDT-1104 Pressure transmitter Shows the diff. pressure over the turbine lube oil 12
supply filter.

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5.1.9 GENERATOR LUBE OIL SYSTEM

The location and functions of the different components are shown in the figure and table below.
For information on how to fill up oil or change contaminated filter elements please refer to
chapter 6.9.

2 3

6
10
11
7 12

Figure 6: Operation facilities of the mineral lube oil module and filters

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Table 4: Functions of the mineral lube oil module components

Figure
Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function
pos. no.

Refer to P&ID 01.39490.0010-AF-002

N/A Filling cap To be used for filling the tank with oil 1

T11-BL-910 Ball valve To be used for oil cleaning acc. to API 614. 2

T11-LT-1201 Level transmitter Indicates the oil level in the reservoir 3

T11-BL-911 Drain valve Drains the oil reservoir at the appropriate service period 4
for an oil change.

T11-TE-1206 Temperature element Shows the lube oil supply temperature 5

T11-TE-1202 Temperature element Shows the lube oil temperature in the reservoir 6

T11-PDT-1207 Pressure transmitter Shows the diff. pressure over the mineral lube oil filter. 7

SIN001-1218 Air drain/vent valve Drain the air from the filter units. 8
SIN001-1222

SIN001-1220 Dual filter equalizing Expel all air from the filter vessel during filter change- 9
valve over.

N/A Filter transfer valve These ball valves are operated when the stand-by filter 10
(lever) has to be brought ‘in-line’ by the movement of the
duplex selector handle to the alternate position

SIB001-1219 Oil drain valve Drain oil from the filter units. 11
SIB001-1221

SIN001-1244 Sample valve Provided for taking oil samples, for lab. analysis for 12
consideration of oil change.

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5.1.10 HYDRAULIC START MODULE

The electro-hydraulic start system is designed to crank the gas generator rotor by way of a
hydraulic start motor, as required by the control system logic, until the gas generator obtains
self-sustaining speed.

The location and functions of the different components are shown in the figure and table below..
3
2
1

Figure 7: Operation facilities of the hydraulic start module

Table 5: Functions of the hydraulic start module

Figure
Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function
pos. no.

Refer to P&ID 01.39490.0010-AF-006

T11-PG-1250 Pressure gauge Shows the pressure in the supply pipeline from the hydraulic 1
start system pump to the hydraulic starter motor.

T11-PG-1251 Pressure gauge Shows the pressure in the return pipeline from the hydraulic 2
starter motor to the hydraulic start system pump.

T11-HS-1258 Control station Local control station for the hydraulic start motor. 3

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5.1.11 TURBINE WATER WASH SYSTEM

The water wash system comprises a tank that will be pressurized by manually operated valves
as required for the on- and off-line washing procedures.

A safety system is provided, in that the off-line water wash procedure can only be performed
while the gas generator rotor is being driven by the hydraulic start system, as the hydraulically
operated shut-off valve is activated open by the hydraulic start system only during the wash
procedure.

The location and functions of the different components are shown in the figure and table below..

4 2

7
9
8

Figure 8: Operation facilities of the water wash skid

Table 6: Functions of the water wash skid components

Figure
Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function
pos. no.

Refer to P&ID 01.39480.0021-AF-008

T11-PG-1372 Pressure gauge Shows the water wash pressure in reservior. 1

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Figure
Tag no. Instr. type Instrument function
pos. no.

T11-LG-1364 Water reservoir level Provides a visual indication of the level of the wash 2
T11-LS-1364 with switch cleaning solution and rinse water, respectively. A
Magnetic level switch is mounted for overheat
protection.

T11-BL-900 Input gate valve with Fills the reservoir with fluid. 3
strainer

SIB001-1359 Air supply valves (on- The needle-type valve is opened to allow the air supply 4
SIB001-1358 and off-line) from the on-line wash air pressure regulator, to
pressurize the reservoir to 6 barg as required for the on-
line wash cycle. And the other valve supplies from the
offine wash air pressure regulator, to pressurize the
reservoir to 3,5 barg as required for the off-line crank
wash cycle.

T11-TG-1373 Temperature gauge This temperature gauge indicates the temperature within 5
the water wash tank on a continuous scale of 0 - 160°C.

T11-SP-13900 Pressure regulators Pressure regulators for respective on-line and off-line 6
T11-SP-13901 system pressure (6 barg and 3,5 barg).

SIB001-1365 Water wash on/off The ball-type valve is opened to allow the flow of 7
valves (on- and off- cleaning solution and rinse water, resp., to flow under
line) pressure from the reservoir to the wash installation
inside the gas turbine when on-line washed and to the
inlet bellmouth with off-line wash and

T11-FG-1369 Flow glass The flow glass enables to see the washing fluid flowing 8
into the washing system.

SIB001-1353 Drain valve This ball-type valve is opened to drain the water wash 9
reservoir.

5.1.12 FIRE AND GAS SYSTEM

Should it be necessary to release the fire and gas system manually, two release buttons are
situated at either side of the gas turbine enclosure. Their positions are shown in the figures
below.

5.1.13 LOCAL SHUT DOWN BUTTON OUTSIDE ENCLOSURE

Should it be necessary to shut down the gas turbine package manually, two shut down buttons
are situated on each site of the enclosure. Their positions are shown in the figures below.

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Manual release
fire & gas system

Local shut-down

Manual release
fire & gas system
Local shut-down

Figure 9: Location of the manual release buttons for the fire and gas system and local
shut down button outside enclosure

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5.1.14 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Please refer to following project drawings and documents for further information:

Table 7: Reference documents

Drawing/doc. no. Title

01.39490.0010-AG-001 Functional Description UCP

01.39490.0010-AF-001 Combustion Air & Ventilation System (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-002 Generator Lube Oil System (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-003 Fire & Gas System (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-004 Generator Temperatur & Vibration (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-005 Instrument Air Distribution (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-006 Start System(P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-007 Turbine Instrument System (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-008 Turbine Lube Oil System (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-009 Dual Fuel System (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-010 Water Wash System (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-011 Gas Filter Scrubber (P&ID)

01.39490.0010-AF-012 Legend, P&ID Symbols and Coding System

560408-01 Human Machine Interface (HMI), user manual

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5.2 OPERATING PROCEDURES

5.2.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

This chapter gives instructions for the operation of the four generator packages on the FPSO and
their associated equipment and refers to more detailed documentation, where applicable.

Prior to performing any operation procedures, please familiarize with the following
information:

- The safety warnings and precautions given in chapter 2.2 of this user manual and
in each of the manufacturers’ documentation.

- The content of chapter 5.1 Operator Facilities.

- The general principles of the different systems and main components as outlined
in section 3 of this user manual and each of the manufacturers’ documentation.
ALWAYS WEAR HEARING PROTECTION WHEN IN THE VICINITY OF AN
OPERATING GAS TURBINE/GENERATOR UNIT.
OBSERVE AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS RELATED TO
ELECTRICAL SAFETY.
BEFORE PERFORMING ANY OPERATION AND/OR MAINTENANCE,
ALWAYS FAMILIARIZE WITH THE LOCATION AND USE OF
EMERGENCY STOP BUTTONS LOCATED ON THE PACKAGE.

Furthermore, the operator should be familiar with the content of the LM2500+ gas turbine
technical description, issued on CD-ROM 112165 (15 April 2010) produced by General
Electric containing the following:

• GEK 105054 Operation and Maintenance Manual (O&M) Volume I and II

• GEK 105055, Illustrated Parts Breakdown (IPB)

• Service Bulletins as of 15 April 2010

It is assumed that, prior to proceeding further with the operation of the unit, all pre-
start checks and preparation for start instructions as detailed in chapter 4.1 have
been completed.

When the pre-start and preparation for start checks outlined in chapter 4.1 Preparation for Start
have been carried out, the operator may initiate the start sequence of the unit.

A manual crank operation may be performed by cranking the gas generator rotor. The gas
generator compressor will lead inlet air through the air inlet system, the gas turbine unit and the
exhaust system; removing any build-up of residual flammable gas.

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The normal starting sequence will commence with a purging cycle. The gas generator rotor is
rotated for a period of time (in accordance with the Logic Diagram), to remove the potentially
flammable gases.

In general, the volume of turbine internal and exhaust ducts and other equipment in the exhaust
line shall be exchanged three times before start.

5.2.2 OPERATOR INTERFACE

5.2.2.1 GENERAL

The generator packages can be operated from local HMI stations on the unit control panels or
remotely via the vessel’s central control system. The control system has the following
programmable logic (PLC) control functions:

• Input functions

• Signal processing functions

• Output functions

Emergency shutdown buttons are located on the UCP and outside the gas turbine enclosure wall,
see Chapter 5.1.

The various temperature, pressure, speed and load parameters are sensed by the PLC and are
continuously compared with the parameter settings set in the PLC and the different systems
instrumentation.

The overall unit operating sequences, running conditions and surveillance of the turbine and
generator parameters are fully automatic; all information is shown on a user-friendly color
display on the HMI.

Also refer to the following project documents:

• 01.39490.0010-AG-001, Functional Description, Unit Control Panel (UCP)

• 01.39490.0010-AG-002, Cause and Effect Charts UCP

• 01.39490.0010-AG-003, Functional Description, Generator Control Panel (GCP)

• 01.39490.0010-BB-008, System Configuration Index (SCI)

• 01.39490.0010-BA-001, Logic/Sequence Diagram UCP

• 560408-01, HMI manual

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5.2.2.2 GETTING STARTED

If not already functioning, turn on the actual local operator station (HMI), and observe that the
boot-up procedure proceeds to a successful conclusion, with the opening screen displayed on
the video display unit.

The configuration keyboard roller ball is used to move the screen cursor and select the actual
screen or command. The keyboard alphanumeric keys are used for entering new parameter
setpoints etc. The “enter” key is used to signify that an entry (modified parameter) in an
analogue or timer page is to be accepted as the new parameter, in place of the previous value.
The new value is keyed in and the “enter” key is pressed, to acknowledge the completion of the
entry. Refer to the HMI manual 560408-01.

5.2.2.3 ALARM INDICATION

An alarm indication is a warning from the unit control system, that a possible failure is under
development in the gas turbine generator unit. Immediate action should be taken, to detect and
correct the alarm situation, to avoid a possible shut-down of the unit. If this alarm indication is
neglected, the situation might lead to a trip signal, with immediate shut-down of the unit.

ANY ALARM CONDITION REQUIRES IMMEDIATE AND POSITIVE

CORRECTIVE ACTION.
RESETTING AN ALARM WITHOUT FURTHER ACTION MAY CREATE
HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS THAT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY OR
RESULT IN DAMAGE OF THE EQUIPMENT.
RESETTING, BYPASSING OR DISABLING AN ALARM IS NOT
CONSIDERED A CORRECTIVE ACTION. SUCH USE COULD INVALIDATE
ANY WARRANTY.

All system alarms and their consequences are listed in the Cause and Effect Charts
01.39490.0010-AG-002.

5.2.2.4 ALARM HANDLING

Under certain operating conditions, alarms such as over- or underpressures, are suppressed by
the control system. The control system uses standard project alarm latching and standard alarm
acknowledge and reset.

This applies to conditions such as turbine enclosure underpressure, supply pressure of turbine
lube oil, gas or liquid fuel, or vibration monitor alarm inhibit.

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5.2.3 OPERATING PROCEDURES

The following sections contain a summary narrative of the operational procedures.

More detail on those procedures, i.e. conditions, permissives, timers and sequence
of events, is available in the Functional Description 01.39490.0010-AG-001.

5.2.3.1 START SEQUENCE

The start sequence is initiated by the operator from the HMI operator station or via the vessel’s
central control system. The sequence will proceed automatically (unless aborted) until the
turbine is ready to drive the generator and the “ready to load” signal is enabled. After this point,
synchronizing and loading will continue either manually (from the UCP) or automatically.

The following sequence of events must take place to achieve a successful start up of a generator
package:

1. The start sequence will not be initiated before the conditions for all auxiliary
systems are OK. This includes the start of the hydraulic starter motor and
closing of the vent valve.

2. When the auxiliary start sequence is complete, the gas generator rotor is
motored to purge speed.

3. When the NGG speed reaches 2000 rpm, the purge sequence is initiated (gas
or liquid fuel, as applicable). Purging of the turbine is required to assure that
no fuel remainings are present in the turbine or in the exhaust system when
ignition are switched on. Purging of the fuel is required to assure an
acceptable temperature and pressure of the fuel gas. For the total turbine
purge time, please refer to the logic diagram.

4. After the purge sequence, ignition is switched on and the gas generator accel-
erates to NGG idle speed. The fuel valves open and fuel is flowing into the
combustion chamber; the start motor speed is set to 100 %. The unit achieves
lightoff, the NGG speed reaches 4500 rpm.

5. After the ignition sequence is completed and the ignition switched off, the
purge and ignition step is terminated and the acceleration to core idle speed.
This sequence is monitoring the acceleration of the gas generator. The gas
generator accelerates to 6800 rpm (“NGG idle speed”).

6. When the turbine lube oil reaches the required temperature, the system ini-
tiates the acceleration sequence to synchronizing speed - and the PT reaches
90% of the synchronizing speed, and the unit is ready to load after the warm-
up period.

7. Finally, the circuit breaker is confirmed closed; the unit is now in normal
operation mode.

More detail on the diverse setpoints is available from the Instrument Signal Index.

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5.2.3.2 FAIL TO LIGHTOFF PURGE

The fail to lightoff purge sequence is initiated from the normal start sequence if the control
system does not detect a flame in the combustion chamber before the flame check timer has
timed out. The sequence initiates shutdown of the fuel system by closing the fuel shut-off
valves, opening the purge valves, switching of the ignition and stopping the liquid fuel pump
and continue to purge the NGG at 2000 rpm. Once this sequence has been completed, the
shutdown sequence is initiated.

5.2.3.3 NORMAL RUNNING

When the generator circuit breaker closes, the generator may operate in the following modes of
operation:

• Droop operation

• Isochronous operation

• Combined droop/isochronous operation

• Load sharing (kW or Var)

5.2.3.4 STOP SEQUENCES

The package stop sequence assumes that two or more generators sets are running in parallel in
isochronous operation and that the PMS load sharing system will ensure that the remaining
generators can handle the load in the event of a package stop.

If a generator is operating solo, unit shutdown due to under-frequency will occur if a “normal
stop”, “step to idle” or “decel to min. load” sequence is activated before the generator is
unloaded.

The “normal stop” sequence is a controlled stop of the package that imposes the minimum
disturbance to the engine, the package equipment and the process. A “normal stop” of the unit
may be initiated either by operator command or by the logic (alarm initiated). The sequence
includes a load reduction, followed by rotor deceleration and a cool-down period; afterwards
shutdown is initiated.

Alternatively to a unit shutdown, the operator may initiate a re-start during the cool-down
period and restore the unit to “normal running” mode. If all “normal stop” causes are cleared
and reset, a “restart permissive” will be indicated on the HMI.

Certain alarms in the MicroNet+ fuel controller initiate actions that do not fall into the normal
stop or shutdown categories. The control system may then initiate the “deceleration to
minimum load” sequence, which reduces the load to 5 MW, followed by running at minimum
load and then either shutdown or restart. When more serious alarms occur, the “step to idle”
sequence is run, which requires an immediate return to idle speed and subsequent shutdown if
the parameters continue to be out of limits for 10 seconds after being detected. Alternatively,
the restart sequence may be initiated.

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5.2.3.5 UNIT SHUTDOWN

The turbine units can be shut down from any running sequence if certain parameters apply.

The following errors are classified as critical trips:

• Gas generator or power turbine overspeed

• Lube oil pressure or temperature failure (both mineral and synthetic lube oil
systems)

• Vibration shutdown on turbine or generator

• Stall detection (dPS3/dt)

• T4.8 overtemperature

No motoring or start attempts shall be done until the cause of the trip has been
investigated and corrected.

The shutdown sequence performs an immediate controlled emergency stop of the package. The
currently running sequence is terminated or aborted. The fuel shut-off valves and runtime
meters stop and the igniter is switched off. There is no pre-warning to the central control system
and no engine cooldown period. A cooldown crank sequence will be performed after shutdowns
to avoid a 4-hour start lockout. Hot shutdown applies to shutdowns with T48 above 621ºC. If
the shutdown is a critical trip (emergency stop no motoring) and T48 is above 621ºC, the
cooldown crank is disabled and the lockout sequence will start, leading to a 4-hour start lockout.

Emergency shutdown can manually be performed from the package ESD buttons or from the
OS.

THE EMERGENCY STOP DEVICES MUST NOT BE USED AS THE

“NORMAL STOP” SHUTDOWN CONTROL ON A COMPRESSOR UNIT.
SUCH USE WOULD INVALIDATE ANY WARRANTY.

5.2.3.6 TURBINE CRANKING

The manual crank sequence is used to rotate the gas turbine for the following purposes:

• To generate hydraulic oil pressure required when calibrating the engine variable
geometry.

• To allow crank water wash.

The following operation to be performed from the HMI:

1. Start “manual crank” sequence from HMI screen.

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2. The crank speed to hydraulic starter pump and the acceleration timer will
automatically start.

The water wash duration timer T83 will initially be set to about 10
minutes to give the operator sufficient time to carry out the washing
procedure.
The timer can be adjusted to meet the actual duration of the washing
procedure.
A stop button on the water wash module allows for stopping the crank
sequence at any time, e.g. if the washing procedure is terminated before
the timer has timed out.

3. When the timer times out, the operator cancels the manual crank, or the
sequence is aborted.

5.2.3.7 TURBINE CLEANING

The compressor sections of all four gas turbine units are cleaned by means of the common
turbine cleaning unit which can be connected to the water wash nozzle ring via a flexible
connection. Both offline and online water wash methods can be used.

For a technical description and maintenance of the water wash module and cleaning liquid
specification please refer to chapters 3.12 and 6.12.

Do not leave water in the water wash tank when the ambient air temperature is
below zero.

The offline water wash procedure is initiated by an operator command on the operator station.
Before the sequence can commence, a normal “start permissive” is required, since a minimum
5 minute run at idle speed is specified after an offline water wash. After completion of the
cleaning procedure, “normal start” should be initiated; the unit should run at core idle for at
least 5 minutes in order to dry the engine.

The cranking sequence of the gas turbine is run automatically by the control system; however,
operation of the water wash module, such as filling of water and detergent and opening and
closing valves, must be performed manually by the operator. The off-line water wash procedure
is best performed by two persons. The following description is given with reference to the
Piping and Instrumentation Diagram 01.39490.0010-AF-010 and the figure below.

1. Check that a manual crank is permitted and the turbine surface temperature is
below 93 ºC.

2. Connect the cleaning agent supply to the filler cap (1) on the tank V-T1111.

3. Open the filling valve T11-BL-900 (2) and fill the tank with 100 litres
(equals 40%) of pre-mixed cleaning solution according to the information
given in Chapter 3.15. The tank level can be watched at the level gauge (3).

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4. When the reservoir is filled, close the filling valve (2) and disconnect the
cleaning agent supply.

5. Switch on the reservoir heater H-T1118 (4). The heater is wired to the MCC
via the UCP and can be switched on/off both from the HMI and locally.

6. Wait for the cleaning agent temperature to rise. The temperature on

temperature indicator T11-TG-1373 (5) should read between 38ºC and 65ºC.

6b
3
6a

5 7

Figure 1: Water wash module

7. When the desired temperature is reached, switch off the reservoir heater (4).
For safety, a thermostat is provided for the heaters for switch-off.

8. Open the air supply valve SIB001-1358 (6a) and wait for the pressure to rise
to 4 barg. The pressure can be read on the pressure indicator T11-PG-1372
(7). Close the air supply valve.

9. Initiate the water wash sequence from the operator station. Open the manual
valve SIB001-1365 (8) on the water wash unit. The water will now be
sprayed into the gas generator.

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10. At a gas generator speed of 1200 RPM the hydraulic starter is disengaged.

11. When the tank is empty, close the valve SIB001-1365 (8) .

12. Cancel the water wash sequence from the operator station.

13. Connect water supply to the filler cap (1) on the tank.

14. Open the filling valve T11-BL-900 (2) and fill the tank with 190 litres
(equals 85%) of rinse water. The tank level can be watched at the level gauge
T11-LG-1364 (3) on the tank. Close the filling valve.

15. Wait minimum 10 minutes in order to give the cleaning agent time to work
on the deposits in the gas generator compressor section.

16. Switch on the heater (6) as above.

17. When the 10 minutes soak period is over, check via temperature gauge that
the rinse water temperature is between 38ºC and 65ºC and that the pressure
indicator is at 4 barg. Initiate the water wash sequence from the operator
station.

18. Switch off the heater.

19. Open the manual valve SIB001-1365 (8) on the water wash unit.

20. At a gas generator speed of 1200 RPM the hydraulic starter is disengaged.

21. When the tank is empty, close the manual valve SIB001-1365 (8) on the
water wash unit.

22. Cancel the water wash sequence from the operator station.

23. Drain the tank by opening the valve SIB001-1353 (9).

24. Close the drain valve.

25. Drain the air inlet plenum via the valve SIB001-1308 (see fig. 1 in chapter
6.6).

26. Drain the exhaust collector via the valve SIB001-1309. Take a sample of the
rinse water to check the pollution level within the gas turbine, if required (see
fig. 1 in chapter 6.7).

Start the turbine and operate at idle speed for 5 minutes prior to loading the turbine.

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ON-LINE CLEANING PROCEDURE

The following description is given with reference to the Piping and Instrumentation Diagram
01.39490.0010-AF-010 and the figure above.

1. Check that the gas turbine is running is at normal running speed.

2. Connect water supply to the filler cap (1) with strainer situated on the tank V-
T1111.

3. Open the filling valve T11-BL-900 (2) and fill the tank with 190 litres
(equals 85%) of water. The tank level can be watched at the level gauge T11-
LG-1364 (3).

4. Initiate the water wash sequence from the operator station.

5. Switch on the heater H-T1118 (4).

6. Wait for the water temperature to rise. The temperature on temperature

gauge T11-TG-1373 (5) should read between 38ºC and 65ºC.

7. Switch off the heater.

8. The pressurising valve SIB001-1359 (6b) will open.

9. Wait until the pressure has increased to 6.8 barg.

10. The injecton valve SIB001-1365 (8) will open.

11. Wait until the pressure in the tank drops to around 2 barg. The tank is now
empty.

12. The pressurising valve SIB001-1359 (6b) will close.

13. The injecton valve SIB001-1365 (8) will close.

On-line water wash is now complete. The same sequence is used both for wash and for rinse.

D-R recommend to run the online wash two times during a 24 hours period.

If water wash is initiated and the start or stop sequence is initiated before the actual execution
has started, the sequence will be halted until the unit is either in normal operation or in stopped
mode.

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5.2.3.8 FUEL TRANSFER

If required by the operator, or if the chosen fuel does not achieve the parameters set for it, the
control system will initiate a fuel change-over. The sequence is available when the unit is in
“normal operation”, i.e. after the end of the “warmup” sequence when the fuel changeover
interlock is cleared.

The unit will be operating normally during a changeover, but small variations in speed will be
normal, especially on no/low load. When the changeover has started, the fuel controller will
gradually change from 100% gas to 0% gas on a straight line in the changeover time specified,
while at the same time increasing the liquid ratio from 0% to 100%.

5.2.3.9 DUTY/STANDBY CONTROL

The control system has a control function for dual fan units that initiates manual or automatic
changeover from the duty unit to the standby unit.

The change-over function applies to the following:

• Turbine enclosure ventilation fans

The changeover operations can also be done manually, if required.

5.2.3.10 FIRE FIGHTING

The gas turbine generator units are provided with a water mist fire protection system located on
an external skid. The water mist system is activated via the fire and gas system (customer
supply) or manually from push buttons, located on either side of the gas turbine enclosure, see
chapter 5.1.

Operation of the fire fighting system is described in detail in the operation manual from FPE,
PDF14770.

5.2.3.11 LOCAL OPERATION DURING MAINTENANCE

Should local operation of single components of the gas turbine be required during corrective
maintenance, please refer to the General Electric Operation and Maintenance Manual GEK
112165.

Critical components or instruments are supplied as two units to ensure redundancy in case of
failure. Maintenance on these components may be performed during normal operation by
switching the actual component to stand-by modus.

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5.2.4 STAND-BY MODE

5.2.4.1 GENERAL

One of the four turbine/generator packages will usually be in stand-by mode while the others
are running. When in stand-by mode, it is essential that the equipment is kept clean and dry. If
the scheduled stand-by period is longer than 30 days, perform the maintenance tasks described
below to protect the equipment from damage.

5.2.4.2 PREPARING FOR STAND-BY

EMPLOYEES WHO PERFORM INSPECTION OR MAINTENANCE ON

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATIONS SHALL BE QUALIFIED
PERSONS AS REQUIRED, AND SHALL BE TRAINED IN AND FAMILIAR
WITH THE SPECIFIC MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AND THE TESTS
REQUIRED.
ENSURE THAT A SUFFICIENT COOL-DOWN PERIOD HAS ELAPSED
BEFORE PERFORMING ANY INSPECTION OR MAINTENANCE
PROCEDURES. THIS IS TO ENSURE THAT THE SURFACE
TEMPERATURE OF THE EXHAUST COMPONENTS CANNOT CAUSE
BURNS.
ENSURE THAT THE CONTROL SYSTEMS ARE ISOLATED, SO THAT IT IS
IMPOSSIBLE TO OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT WHILE INSPECTION OR
MAINTENANCE IS CARRIED OUT.
ALWAYS PLACE A VISIBLE WARNING POSTER BY THE CONTROL
ROOM WHILE INSPECTION OR MAINTENANCE IS BEING CARRIED
OUT.
THE GENERATOR MUST BE COMPLETELY STOPPED, DEAD,
DISCONNECTED AND GROUNDED BEFORE ANY INSPECTION COVERS
ARE OPENED.
SWITCH OFF ALL POWER AND, IF APPLICABLE, WITHDRAW THE
CIRCUIT-BREAKERS AND LOCK THEM IN THE ISOLATED POSITION
BEFORE INSPECTING OR CARRYING OUT ANY OPERATIONS WITHIN
THE CONTROL CABINETS OR THE GENERATOR’S ELECTRICAL
CONNECTIONS.
ISOLATE ANY ELECTRICAL SYSTEM THAT CONTAINS CAPACITORS
AND LEAVE FOR AT LEAST 10 MINUTES TO DE-ENERGIZE BEFORE
GETTING INTO PHYSICAL CONTACT WITH ANY COMPONENTS OF
SAID SYSTEM.
CLEAN UP SPILLAGE OF OIL OR OTHER LIQUIDS ONTO WALKWAYS
IMMEDIATELY. ERECT BARRIERS AND WARNING NOTICES AROUND
THE SPILLAGE AREA TO PREVENT INJURIES FROM SLIPPERY
SURFACES UNTIL THOSE SURFACES HAVE FULLY DRIED AND NO
LONGER OFFER A SAFETY HAZARD.

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THE LUBRICATING OILS USED FOR THE EQUIPMENT ARE

FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES. REMOVE ANY LEAKAGE OR SPILLAGE AS
SOON AS POSSIBLE TO AVOID FIRE.
It is important that absolute cleanliness is observed when disconnecting
components of the support systems.
Plug open apertures to prevent impurities from entering but also ensure that no
trace of the plugging material is allowed to enter the system piping.
All equipment must be stored clean, warm and dry. The equipment shall not be
stored in any manner that allows routine exposure to outside elements.
When the generator is at standstill, make sure the space heaters are energized to
avoid condensation.
Use only the designated special tools, containers and other equipment for handling
and storage of the gas turbine components. For further information please refer to
the manufacturer documentation.
Pay attention to the notes and warnings in the manufacturer documentation from
GE and Brush in addition to Chapter 2.2 Safety Precautions and Warnings in this
manual.
Always ensure that suitable receptacles are positioned to collect oil drainage or
spillage.

Always dispose of lubricating oil and battery acid in accordance with local
legislation.

Gas turbine: Before going on stand-by, while the turbine is still warm, crank-wash the gas
turbine compressor as described above (see section 5.2.3.7 Compressor Cleaning, off-line
procedure). Drain the water wash tank, air inlet plenum and exhaust collector as described in
the procedure to ensure no moisture is left in the equipment.

After sufficient cool-down of the system, follow the instructions in GE’s manual GEK 105054,
WP 002-00 (on separate CD-ROM GEK 112165). Cover inlet and exhaust openings of the gas
turbine, as well as engine openings and unattached fittings, with moisture barrier paper.

Do not deactivate the lube oil reservoir temperature control system to keep the oil temperature
at a minimum. Regularly ventilate the lube oil reservoirs to prevent condensation.

Generator: Energize the space heaters in the generator and main exciter frames to prevent
moisture condensation on the windings and metal parts, which could lead to low insulation
resistance or corrosion. When the heaters are energized, it is advisable to leave a small gap (say
5mm) behind some of the access covers to allow warmed air to be replaced by cool air, thus
maintaining dry air inside the machine. Rain, dust, rodents etc. should not be allowed to enter
via this gap.

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5.2.4.3 MAINTENANCE IN STAND-BY MODE

Package: Make frequent visual inspections of the equipment exterior. Look especially for loose
items, structure damages, scratches in painted and coated surfaces and the general condition of
sealings. Repair/repaint if necessary.

Every 30 days, perform a normal start sequence up to idle speed. Let the package run at idle
speed for several minutes, then shut down again using the normal stop sequence. This will rotate
both turbine, generator and start motor and make sure that lube oil and fuel are circulating
through the system. This will also show if the instrumentation is working correctly.

Generator: Familiarize with the manufacturer’s instructions in PDF13927, Volume 2, section

6.5 “Long Term Shutdown”.

To ensure that the generator is maintained in good condition during long-term shutdown the
machine must be kept clean, warm and dry. If the package is not started once a month as
described above, Brush recommends that oil should be flushed through the bearings for
approximately half an hour every month to maintain an oil film on the bright metal parts. The
oil flushing could be more frequent if desired (say weekly) but periods between flushing should
not exceed one month and the machine should be examined for signs of deterioration at regular
intervals.

The frame heaters are adequate to maintain the temperature inside the machine above ambient
and provided the generator is protected from the weather, and dust etc, its condition will be
maintained. Sometimes rain or dust can blow back in through air exit louvres or access doors
etc and these possible sources should be examined. Pools of water should ALWAYS be mopped
out of, or off the generator as soon as reasonably possible. Also the possibility of insects, small
rodents, snakes or birds should not be overlooked and appropriate precautions taken. Checks
should be made on a weekly or monthly basis to ensure that heaters are working, also inspect
for signs of rust etc.

Water coolers, where fitted, need special consideration. If a glycol water mix is used the coolant
need only be circulated for say half an hour every month. For most other coolers it will probably
be safest to flush with clean fresh water. After flushing the cooler may be drained and dried
using warm air if desired or it can be left full. It is not normally good practice to leave a cooler
part full of water or to leave the cooler full of stagnant, acidic or salty water.

5.2.4.4 RESTART AFTER STAND-BY

Before re-starting the generator package after a stand-by period, open all the case drains to
remove any condensate. Close the drain valves before starting the package.

Remove the moisture barrier paper from the gas turbine inlet and exhaust openings.

Follow the instructions in chapter 4.1 of this user manual.

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Give the generator a good visual examination for signs of deterioration. Pay particular attention
to oil and pipework gasketed joints. The stator winding should be 'meggered' with a 1000V
Megger or 5000V Megger and the result compared with the table in PDF13927, Volume 1.

5.2.5 RELATED DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS

Table 1: Related drawings and documents

Drawing/doc. no. Title

01.39490.0010-AG-001 Functional Description (TCP)

01.39490.0010-AG-002 Cause and Effect Charts (TCP)

01.39490.0010-AG-003 Functional Description (GCP)

01.39490.0010-BA-001 Logic/Sequence Diagram (TCP)

01.39490.0010-BA-002 Schematic Wiring Diagram (TCP)

01.39490.0010-BB-006 Circuit Diagram (GCP)

01.39490.0010-BB-008 System Configuration Index (SCI)

560408-01 Human Machine Interface (HMI), user manual

CD-ROM GEK 112165 which - GEK 105054, Operation and Maintenance Manual,
contains GEK 105054 and GEK Volume I & II
105055 - GEK 105055, Illustrated Parts Breakdown
- Service Bulletins

PDF13927 Brush, Installation, User Manual:

- Vol 1: Generator Installation & Commissioning
- Vol 2: Generator Operation & Maintenance
- Vol 3: Drawings
- Vol 4: Control and Monitoring Equipment
- Vol 5: Suppliers Data

PDF14770 Fire Protection Engineering (FPE), Instructions for

Operation, Water Mist Skids

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