Deepak ABAP

Deepak -ABAP
Saturday, September 23, 2023 6:33 PM
SAP- ERP
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a platform that companies use to manage and
integrate the essential parts of their businesses. ERP software applications help
companies implement resource planning by integrating all the processes needed to run
their companies with a single system.
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ERP software applications manage day-to-day business processes and operations across
finance, human resources, procurement, distribution, supply chain, and other functions.
ERP tools share a common process and data model.
SAP SE is a German multinational software company based in Walldorf, Baden-

Württemberg. It develops enterprise software to manage business operations and
customer relations. The company is the world's leading enterprise resource planning (ERP)
software vendor. SAP is the largest non-American software company by revenue and the
world's third-largest publicly traded software company by revenue.
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world's third-largest publicly traded software company by revenue.
Apart from ERP software, the company also sells database software and technology
(particularly its own brands), cloud-engineered systems, and other ERP software products,
such as human capital management (HCM) software, customer relationship management
(CRM) software (also known as customer experience), enterprise performance
management (EPM) software, product lifecycle management (PLM) software, supplier
relationship management (SRM) software, supply chain management (SCM) software,
business technology platform (BTP) software and programming environment SAP
AppGyver for business.
==========================
In 1972, SAP introduced its first system, R/1. R represents real-time data processing.
This system was used for financial accounting and did not include the presentation,
application, or database layers that you would find in the SAP system
today. In the late 1970s, SAP introduced the R/2 system, which had two layers:
the presentation layer and the application plus database layer. These systems followed
a two-tier architecture.
As technology evolved, SAP moved towards a three-tier architecture with the
introduction of SAP R/3 in the 1990s. The SAP R/3 system comprised three layers:
the presentation layer, application layer, and database layer. With the release of
SAP R/3, SAP named its releases with versions such as R/3 1.0, R/3 2.0, R/3 3.1i,
R/3 4.0B (until 2001, with R/3 4.6D), with an underlying component called SAP
Basis.
SAP R/3 4.7 was the first release that came with a technology platform called SAP
Web Application Server, which included Business Server Pages (BSP) applications
and a J2EE engine. Since then, SAP has added technology platform naming to its
product line. The SAP Web Application Server is a natural evolution to support
web infrastructure (for the World Wide Web), so it performs all the duties of an
application server, similar to the previous releases, and also acts as a web server
to support web infrastructure. BSP is the server pages technology developed by
SAP, similar to JavaServer Pages from Sun Microsystems (JSP) and Active Server
Pages by Microsoft (ASP).
SAP then started adding the platform version to the product naming. This led to
some confusion when, for example, you could have your SAP R/3 4.x system
(denoting the version of your SAP R/3 system) on SAP Web Application Server
6.10 (denoting the version of your platform).
With the introduction of platforms (the first being SAP Web Application Server),
SAP systems began using specific components that represented the platform, such
as Internet Communication Manager (ICM), SAP Gateway, and so on, and other
components related to business functions that showed the functionality of the
system. SAP then introduced enterprise editions along with SAP Web Application
Server 6.20, such as SAP R/3 Enterprise 4.70. The enterprise editions provided
new functionality to split components based on business functions and also provided
the ability to use extensions to extend the functionality of these core business

the ability to use extensions to extend the functionality of these core business
functions.
SAP included the release year with the product names, such as mySAP ERP 2004.
mySAP ERP 2004 signaled a complete architectural change in SAP R/3 Enterprise,
which was replaced with SAP Enterprise Central Component (SAP ECC). SAP then
introduced SAP NetWeaver 2004, which also contained SAP Web Application
Server 6.40.
An ERP system allows you to build software applications that can access information
across the business functions of an organization, enabling the scope for automation.
With an ERP setup, a sales order application can, for example, automatically
query the material availability data and the logistics data to provide
automatic validation for the delivery date.
Modules in SAP
One of the reasons that SAP is popular is because it is very flexible and easily
customizable. To achieve this flexibility, an SAP system is divided into various
modules. Each SAP module maps to a business process of a business unit. For
example, the SAP ERP MM module maps to the Material Management business
unit of the organization, the HR module maps to the Human Resources business
unit of the organization, the HR module maps to the Human Resources business
unit of the organization, and so on.
All SAP modules can be integrated with one another or with third-party systems.
For example, you can integrate SAP ERP PP with an HR module from PeopleSoft.
Based on the organization, you can implement either one or several SAP modules
and integrate them with other ERP systems.
SAP modules are classified into two categories: functional or technical.
Functional Modules
Functional modules cover business processes and functional areas that carry out
day-to-day activities of a business, such as the following:
1. Financial Accounting (FI)

2. Controlling (CO)
3. Human Resource (HR)
4. Sales and Distribution (SD)
5. Materials Management (MM)
6. Plant Maintenance (PM)
7. Production Planning (PP)
And more
Technical Modules
Technical modules cover the technical side of the SAP system that are required to
customize the system based on business needs, including setting up and maintaining
the SAP system.
Technical modules include the following:

1. SAP Basis
2. ABAP
3. SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence (BI)/SAP Business Warehouse (BW)
4. SAP Exchange Infrastructure (XI)/SAP Process Integration (PI)
5. SAP Enterprise Portal
6. SAP HANA
7. And more
Types of Users
These modules are accessed by different users.

There are three types of SAP users:
• End users
• Functional consultants
• Technical consultants

End users are people who use the SAP system in a production environment to
carry out their day-to-day business activities. These users include sales people
using the SAP system to create sales orders and HR managers managing human
capital, for example.
Consultants are subject matter experts (SME) who help to customize and maintain
the SAP system for a business. Consultants also address any issues or customization
requests from end users.
In general, a consultant will gain expertise in a particular modules. The consultant’s

area of expertise determines if he is a technical consultant or a functional consultant.
If you work as an ABAP consultant, you would be a technical consultant
with expertise in ABAP programming. Similarly, if you had domain experience in
finance, you would be a functional consultant in a finance module. However,
many consultants gain expertise in one of the functional modules and one of the
technical modules. They are techno-functional consultants.
It has become increasingly important for functional consultants to learn ABAP to

become techno-functional consultants. Functional consultants with a background
in ABAP can work more effectively with ABAP teams and develop a holistic technical
understanding of SAP applications.
ABAP Overview
ABAP is a programming language used to develop applications in SAP. To work

with modifications, enhancements, or customer developments, you need knowledge
of application development within ABAP.
Types of Applications
RICEF Overview
Reports, interfaces, conversions, extensions, and forms (RICEF) is the general acronym
used to highlight the different kinds of objects developed in ABAP.
Abap was initially developed for general report creation purpose.
before it was rechristened as Advance Business Application Programming.
As the original name suggests, ABAP was mostly used for creating reports in SAP
in the beginning. Even though ABAP has extended and matured over the decades
Reports
Reports provide read-only access to a database.



Interface Programs
Interface programs allow you to exchange data with other systems, such as a legacy
system or a partner system. You typically develop two kinds of interface programs:
inbound interface programs and outbound interface programs. For
inbound interface programs, data is received from an external system and updated
in the SAP system. For outbound interface programs, data is extracted from the SAP
system and pushed to external systems.
Conversions
Conversion programs move data from a legacy system to an SAP system. Usually,
these are one-time-use programs for the initial load of data to an SAP system
before go-live.
For example, once you implement a new SAP system, you may want to move all
your existing data for customers or materials maintained in your legacy system.
In such a case, you would develop conversion programs to process, validate, and
update this data in the SAP system.

Extensions
Extensions are programs that extend the functionality of a standard SAP system.
These include modifications, enhancements, new developments, and third-party
add-on programs.
Forms
Forms are like report programs that provide read-only access to the database.
However, forms provide more flexibility in their layout design. Forms are used
with documents for which the user wants a physical version (e.g., purchase
orders or invoices). These documents should meet legal requirements and should
have a specific format

Menu bar Standard Toolbar

Menu bar Standard Toolbar
• End User Screen

• Day to day transactions
• Reports
Title bar Application Toolbar
Status Bar

IMG - >implementation Guide

Object Navigator
SE80 is a transaction code in SAP that stands for "Object Navigator". It is a central point of
entry to the ABAP Workbench, which is an integrated development environment for
developing SAP applications. The Object Navigator includes tools for creating custom
objects.
The Object Navigator displays programs as a tree structure, with the program as the root
node and the individual program components as subnodes. You can use the secondary
mouse button to access a context menu, which contains functions for different
development objects.

Path
SE80 is available within R/3 SAP systems, depending on your version and release level. It is
used in the SAP BC-DWB component, which is part of the BC module.
Command field

SE80 is Transaction Code.


Packages in SAP are development objects that store objects such as menus, screens,
functional modules, and transactions. They are designed to help developers modularize,
encapsulate, and decouple units in the SAP System.
A main package is a container for repository objects(The repository in ABAP is a central

store for all ABAP workbench development objects. It contains all ABAP programs, menus,
and screens, as well as all Dictionary objects (tables, data elements, domains). Repository
objects are grouped together to form packages. ) that belong together. These objects share
the same system, transport layer, and customer delivery status. A main package cannot
contain any further repository objects except of its package interfaces and subpackages.
















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Repeat

The ABAP Workbench is a set of tools that developers use to create applications using the
ABAP language in the SAP ERP system. The ABAP Workbench is an integrated development
environment that allows users to maintain ABAP objects, such as programs and screens.
The ABAP Workbench includes tools for developing, testing, and running ABAP programs.
When working with the ABAP Workbench, developers work with development objects and
packages. Development objects are the individual parts of an ABAP application. Examples
of development objects include:
Other Options








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WRITE : 'A' , 5 A ,
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========================================================
Input Parameters

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Data Dictionary








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Deepak -ABAP

Saturday, September 23, 2023 6:33 PM

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SAP SE is a German multinational software company based in Walldorf, Baden-

GB Training and Placement Centre Page 2

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SAP modules are classified into two categories: functional or technical.

1. Financial Accounting (FI)

Technical modules include the following:

These modules are accessed by different users.

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In general, a consultant will gain expertise in a particular modules. The consultant’s

It has become increasingly important for functional consultants to learn ABAP to

ABAP is a programming language used to develop applications in SAP. To work

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Menu bar Standard Toolbar

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Menu bar Standard Toolbar

• End User Screen

Title bar Application Toolbar

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IMG - >implementation Guide

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SE80 is Transaction Code.

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A main package is a container for repository objects(The repository in ABAP is a central

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