Department of Education

Region V
Division of Camarines Sur
CALABANGA NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL
(Formerly: Calabanga National High School)
Ratay, Sta. Cruz, Calabanga, Camarines Sur

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SEMI-DETAILED LESSON PLAN
1ST QUARTER – RESEARCH 7
SEPTEMBER 2023

I. OBJECTIVES
at the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
a. .
b. .
c. Apply concept of reliability and validity in everyday life

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic:
References:
Materials: Laptop, Visual Aids
Values Integration:

III. PROCEDURE
PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
o Prayer o Checking attendance
o Greetings o Setting classroom standards
LESSON PROPER
ELICIT
Start off the class with a riddle or puzzle related to the topic, such as "What do you think is more
reliable: a fortune teller's predictions or a scientific experiment?" or ask the students what are their
opinion about a fortune teller.
A. Preliminary Activities
B .  Prayer
C .  Greetings
D .  Checking of attendance
E .  Setting of Classroom Standards

ENGAGE

Objectivity means being fair and impartial, without bias or personal feelings, when making decisions
or judgments.

"Reliability is about consistency; it's like getting the same answer every time you ask a question.
Validity, on the other hand, is about accuracy; it's like getting the right answer to your question."

Reliability: Reliability means that a measurement or observation is consistent and dependable. It

should produce similar results under similar conditions.

Validity: Validity means that a measurement or observation accurately measures what it is intended
to measure. It should be a true reflection of the thing being studied.

EXPLORE
Activity No. 7
 Activity Sheet: Reliability vs. Validity

Instructions: Read each statement and determine whether it primarily concerns reliability (R), validity (V), or both
(R/V). Write "R" for reliability, "V" for validity, or "R/V" if it relates to both.
1. A ruler consistently measures the same length when measuring an object multiple times.
2. A classroom test measures exactly what it claims to measure, such as students' knowledge of a specific
topic.
3. A bathroom scale provides different weight measurements for the same person when measured on
different days.
4. A stopwatch consistently records the same time for a 1-minute interval when used repeatedly.
5. A thermometer accurately measures body temperature and consistently provides the same reading
when used multiple times.
6. A survey questionnaire yields similar results when given to the same group of people on different
occasions.
7. A fitness tracker counts the number of steps a person takes during a day, and this count is consistent
with the person's actual steps.
8. A math test produces varying scores when taken by the same student on different occasions.
9. A video game controller reliably responds to button presses when playing a game.
10. A telescope consistently shows the same constellation when used to observe the night sky on different
nights.

EXPLAIN

ELABORATE

EXTEND

Identify the general pattern of a scientific investigation and enhance

students' spelling and vocabulary words.
2. Perform various activities to demonstrate an understanding of the
concepts.
3. Realize the use of a scientific approach in dealing with a problem and
in any observable phenomenon.
Identify the general pattern of a scientific investigation and enhance
students' spelling and vocabulary words.
2. Perform various activities to demonstrate an understanding of the
concepts.
3. Realize the use of a scientific approach in dealing with a problem and
in any observable phenomenon.
Identify the general pattern of a scientific investigation and enhance
students' spelling and vocabulary words.
2. Perform various activities to demonstrate an understanding of the
concepts.
3. Realize the use of a scientific approach in dealing with a problem and
in any observable phenomenon.
EVALUATE

IV. ASSIGNMENT
Study about Open Mindedness

Prepared by:
ELLA MAE S. ASPE
Teacher I
 Activity No. 7
Reliability vs. Validity

Answer Key

1. A ruler consistently measures the same length when measuring an object multiple time. (R)
 Explanation: This statement relates to reliability (R) because it emphasizes that the ruler consistently provides
the same measurement when used repeatedly, which indicates reliability.
2. A classroom test measures exactly what it claims to measure, such as students' knowledge of a specific topic. (V)
 Explanation: This statement primarily concerns validity (V). It claims that the classroom test accurately measures
what it intends to measure, which is an aspect of validity – the degree to which a test measures what it's
supposed to measure.
3. A bathroom scale provides different weight measurements for the same person when measured on different days. (R)
 Explanation: This statement is about reliability (R). The inconsistency in weight measurements for the same
person on different days indicates a reliability issue.
4. A stopwatch consistently records the same time for a 1-minute interval when used repeatedly. (R)
 Explanation: This statement emphasizes reliability (R). The stopwatch's consistency in recording the same time
for the same interval when used repeatedly indicates reliability.
5. A thermometer accurately measures body temperature and consistently provides the same reading when used multiple
times. (R/V)
  Explanation: This statement relates to both reliability (R) and validity (V). It mentions reliability because the
thermometer consistently provides the same reading when used repeatedly (reliable). It also touches on validity
because if the thermometer accurately measures body temperature, it implies that it's valid.
6. A survey questionnaire yields similar results when given to the same group of people on different occasions. (R)
 Explanation: This statement pertains to reliability (R). The fact that the survey questionnaire produces similar
results when administered to the same group on different occasions suggests reliability.
7. A fitness tracker counts the number of steps a person takes during a day, and this count is consistent with the person's
actual steps. (R/V)
 Explanation: This statement addresses both reliability (R) and validity (V). It mentions reliability because the
fitness tracker's step count is consistent with actual steps (reliable). It also relates to validity because if the
tracker accurately reflects a person's actual steps, it's a valid measure.
8. A math test produces varying scores when taken by the same student on different occasions. (R)
 Explanation: This statement primarily concerns reliability (R). The math test's variation in scores when taken by
the same student on different occasions indicates a reliability issue.
9. A video game controller reliably responds to button presses when playing a game. (R)
 Explanation: This statement focuses on reliability (R). It highlights that the video game controller reliably
responds to button presses during gameplay.
10. A telescope consistently shows the same constellation when used to observe the night sky on different nights. (R)
 Explanation: This statement primarily concerns reliability (R). The telescope's consistency in displaying the same
constellation indicates reliability in its performance.

Activity No. 7
Reliability and Validity in Everyday Life

Instructions: Read each scenario and determine whether the situation primarily relates to reliability (R), validity (V), or both
(R/V). Write "R" for reliability, "V" for validity, or "R/V" if it relates to both.
1. You rely on a smartphone navigation app to give you accurate directions every time you use it.
2. You check the weather forecast on a weather app to plan your outdoor activities.
3. You use a digital scale to monitor your weight loss progress, and it consistently shows the same weight for you each time
you step on it.
4. You read online product reviews to decide whether to purchase a specific item.
5. Your teacher consistently grades your assignments and exams fairly, and the grades reflect your actual understanding of
the subject.
6. You trust that traffic lights will change from red to green at the appropriate times to regulate traffic flow.
7. You post a photo on social media, and you receive consistent numbers of likes whenever you check.
8. You rely on your car's odometer to track the distance you've traveled during a road trip.
9. You expect that the prices listed on items in the grocery store accurately reflect the actual cost.
10. You receive your monthly electricity bill, and the charges are consistent with your usage.
 Activity No. 7
Reliability and Validity in Everyday Life

Instructions: Read each scenario and determine whether the situation primarily relates to reliability (R), validity (V), or both
(R/V). Write "R" for reliability, "V" for validity, or "R/V" if it relates to both.
1. You rely on a smartphone navigation app to give you accurate directions every time you use it.
2. You check the weather forecast on a weather app to plan your outdoor activities.
3. You use a digital scale to monitor your weight loss progress, and it consistently shows the same weight for you each time
you step on it.
4. You read online product reviews to decide whether to purchase a specific item.
5. Your teacher consistently grades your assignments and exams fairly, and the grades reflect your actual understanding of
the subject.
6. You trust that traffic lights will change from red to green at the appropriate times to regulate traffic flow.
7. You post a photo on social media, and you receive consistent numbers of likes whenever you check.
8. You rely on your car's odometer to track the distance you've traveled during a road trip.
9. You expect that the prices listed on items in the grocery store accurately reflect the actual cost.
10. You receive your monthly electricity bill, and the charges are consistent with your usage.

Activity No. 7
Reliability and Validity
Answer Key

Activity sheet on the application of reliability and validity in everyday life:

1. Smartphone Navigation App: You rely on a smartphone navigation app to give you accurate directions every time you use
it. (V)
 Explanation: This situation primarily relates to validity (V). It's about the app's ability to accurately provide
directions, which is a measure of validity. You want the app to be valid in providing correct directions.
2. Weather Forecast: You check the weather forecast on a weather app to plan your outdoor activities. (R/V)
 Explanation: This scenario relates to both reliability (R) and validity (V). Reliability is important because you want
the weather forecast to consistently provide the same information. Validity is also crucial because you want the
forecast to be accurate in predicting the weather.
3. Digital Scale: You use a digital scale to monitor your weight loss progress, and it consistently shows the same weight for
you each time you step on it. (R)
 Explanation: This situation primarily concerns reliability (R). The scale consistently showing the same weight
indicates reliability in its measurements.
4. Online Reviews: You read online product reviews to decide whether to purchase a specific item. (V)
 Explanation: This scenario primarily relates to validity (V). You want the online reviews to be valid assessments
of the product's quality and suitability for your needs.
5. Teacher's Grading: Your teacher consistently grades your assignments and exams fairly, and the grades reflect your
actual understanding of the subject. (R/V)
 Explanation: This situation relates to both reliability (R) and validity (V). Reliability is important because you want
the grading to be consistent. Validity is also crucial because you want the grades to accurately reflect your
understanding of the subject.
6. Traffic Lights: You trust that traffic lights will change from red to green at the appropriate times to regulate traffic flow.
(R/V)
 Explanation: This scenario relates to both reliability (R) and validity (V). Reliability is important because you want
traffic lights to consistently change when they should. Validity is also essential because you want the traffic lights'
signals to be valid indicators of when it's safe to proceed.
7. Social Media Likes: You post a photo on social media, and you receive consistent numbers of likes whenever you check.
(R)
 Explanation: This situation primarily concerns reliability (R). The consistent number of likes indicates that the
social media platform reliably displays the same count each time.
8. Car Odometer: You rely on your car's odometer to track the distance you've traveled during a road trip. (R)
  Explanation: This scenario primarily relates to reliability (R). You want the car's odometer to provide a reliable
measurement of the distance traveled.
9. Grocery Store Pricing: You expect that the prices listed on items in the grocery store accurately reflect the actual cost. (V)
 Explanation: This situation primarily concerns validity (V). You want the prices listed on items to be valid
representations of their actual cost.
10. Electricity Bills: You receive your monthly electricity bill, and the charges are consistent with your usage. (R)
 Explanation: This scenario primarily concerns reliability (R). You want the electricity bill to consistently reflect
your actual usage, which indicates reliability.

Activity No. 8
Validity and Reliability in Everyday Life

Explain how can the concept of validity and reliability be applied to the following to everyday life situations.

1. Online Information: You are researching a school project and need to gather information from websites. How can you
determine if the information on a website is reliable and valid?
2. Product Reviews: You want to buy a new gadget, and you're reading online product reviews. How can you assess the
reliability and validity of these reviews to make an informed decision?
 3. Social Media Posts: You come across a shocking news story shared on social media. How can you evaluate the reliability
and validity of the information before sharing it with others or believing it to be true?
4. Weather Forecasts: You are planning an outdoor event for the weekend, and you check multiple weather forecasting
websites or apps. How can you ensure the reliability and validity of the weather forecasts to make the best decision for
your event?
5. Job Applications: You are applying for a part-time job, and you have two different job offers. How can you assess the
validity and reliability of the job offers to determine which one is the best fit for you?
6. Online Quizzes: You are studying for an upcoming test and find practice quizzes online. How can you determine if these
online quizzes are valid and reliable tools for preparing for your exam?
7. Food Labels: You are trying to make healthy food choices, and you read nutrition labels on packaged foods. How can you
assess the reliability and validity of the nutritional information provided on these labels?
8. Health Advice: You or someone you know is looking for health advice online. How can you distinguish between reliable
and valid health information and potentially misleading or incorrect advice?
9. Consumer Product Warranties: You're considering buying a high-priced electronic device, and the manufacturer offers a
warranty. How can you assess the reliability and validity of the warranty in terms of what it covers and for how long?
10. Survey Participation: You are asked to participate in a survey about a social or political issue. How can you determine if
the survey is conducted in a way that ensures its reliability and validity in representing public opinions?

Activity No. 8
Validity and Reliability in Everyday Life

Explain how can the concept of validity and reliability be applied to the following to everyday life situations.

1. Online Information: You are researching a school project and need to gather information from websites. How can you
determine if the information on a website is reliable and valid? Provide specific criteria.
2. Product Reviews: You want to buy a new gadget, and you're reading online product reviews. How can you assess the
reliability and validity of these reviews to make an informed decision?
3. Social Media Posts: You come across a shocking news story shared on social media. How can you evaluate the reliability
and validity of the information before sharing it with others or believing it to be true?
4. Weather Forecasts: You are planning an outdoor event for the weekend, and you check multiple weather forecasting
websites or apps. How can you ensure the reliability and validity of the weather forecasts to make the best decision for
your event?
5. Job Applications: You are applying for a part-time job, and you have two different job offers. How can you assess the
validity and reliability of the job offers to determine which one is the best fit for you?
6. Online Quizzes: You are studying for an upcoming test and find practice quizzes online. How can you determine if these
online quizzes are valid and reliable tools for preparing for your exam?
7. Food Labels: You are trying to make healthy food choices, and you read nutrition labels on packaged foods. How can you
assess the reliability and validity of the nutritional information provided on these labels?
8. Health Advice: You or someone you know is looking for health advice online. How can you distinguish between reliable
and valid health information and potentially misleading or incorrect advice?
9. Consumer Product Warranties: You're considering buying a high-priced electronic device, and the manufacturer offers a
warranty. How can you assess the reliability and validity of the warranty in terms of what it covers and for how long?
10. Survey Participation: You are asked to participate in a survey about a social or political issue. How can you determine if
the survey is conducted in a way that ensures its reliability and validity in representing public opinions?
Activity No. 8
Validity and Reliability in Everyday Life
Answer Key

Certainly! Here are explanations and answers for the sample questions where students can apply the concepts of validity and
reliability in everyday life:

1. Online Information
To determine if information on a website is reliable and valid, students can consider factors such as the author's
credentials, the publication source, the presence of citations or references, and cross-referencing with other reputable
sources. A reliable source will have accurate and consistent information (reliability), and a valid source will be based on
credible and well-supported evidence (validity).
2. Product Reviews
Students can assess the reliability of online product reviews by looking at the number of reviews, the consistency of
opinions, and the credibility of the reviewers. Validity can be evaluated by checking if the reviews provide specific details,
such as pros and cons, and whether they align with the product's actual features and performance.

3. Social Media Posts

To evaluate the reliability and validity of a news story on social media, students can verify the source, look for
corroborating evidence from reputable news outlets, and check for any red flags like sensational language or a lack of
credible citations.

4. Weather Forecasts
Reliability in weather forecasts can be assessed by comparing predictions from multiple reputable sources and looking at
their consistency. Validity can be determined by checking if past forecasts from the same source have been accurate.

5. Job Applications
Students can assess the validity of job offers by comparing the qualifications and responsibilities stated in the offer with
their own skills and career goals. Reliability can be considered by researching the company's reputation and employee
reviews to see if it aligns with the job offer.

6. Online Quizzes
To assess the reliability and validity of online quizzes, students can check if the questions are clear and relevant to their
study material (validity). Reliability can be evaluated by taking the quiz multiple times and comparing the scores for
consistency.

7. Food Labels
Validity of food labels can be determined by checking if the nutritional information aligns with the actual content of the
product. Reliability can be assessed by comparing labels on different products from the same brand for consistency.

8. Health Advice
Validity of health advice can be assessed by checking the qualifications of the source and looking for scientific evidence
or expert consensus to support the advice. Reliability can be considered by cross-referencing advice from multiple
reputable sources.

9. Consumer Product Warranties

Students can assess the reliability of warranties by reading the fine print, understanding what is covered, and checking if
the warranty terms are consistent with industry standards. Validity can be determined by ensuring that the warranty
provides meaningful coverage for potential issues with the product.

10. Survey Participation

To assess the reliability and validity of a survey, students can examine the survey methodology, including the sample size
and how the questions are worded. Validity can be evaluated by checking if the survey includes a diverse and
representative group of participants and if the questions are unbiased and well-designed.

These explanations and answers provide guidance on how students can apply the concepts of reliability and validity to
make informed decisions in various everyday life situations. It's essential for critical thinking and avoiding misinformation
or poor choices.