PRACTICE

I. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D

1. …………the recession, business people try ………….less than they once did.
A. In/ to spend . During/ to spend C. In/ spending D. During/ spending
2. More employments leads…………… more consumer spending.
A. in B. from C. to D. of
3. Economics is the study of…………..among alternative ways in ……………scarce resources may be
allocated to maximize the satisfaction of wants.
A. choosing/ which. choosing/ that C. choose/ who D. choose/ whom
4. Opportunity cost is an ………………..term used to describe the trade-off faced businesses when
making business choices.
A. economy B. economics C. economical D. economic
5. Governments have ………… important role…………the production of goods and services.
A. an/ in B. a/ in C. the/ on D. an/ of
6. Most of the diamonds ……………..internationally are mined by the African poor.
A. trading B. traded C. which are traded D. B&C
7. Taxes tend …………….the incomes of a great many people more or less equal.
A. to make B. make C. making D. made
8. These protective tariffs raise the price of the imported goods high enough ……………….domestic
consumers from …………………. It.
A. discourage/ buying C. discourage/ buy
B. to discourage/ to buy D. to discourage/ buying
9. If the demand for an item……………………, the price at which it is sold …………………
A. increases/ will increase C. increased/ would increase
B. increases/ would increase D. increases/ increase
10. …………..household incomes rise, households will spend more …………..expensive items.
A. If/ on B. When/ on C. As/ on D. A,B, and C

II. Match the words with their meanings

1. Galloping a. Tỷ lệ lạm phát 11. Finance k. Thuế nhập khẩu
inflation b. Nguồn thu 12. Purchasing l. Sức mua
2. Property c. Lạm phát phi power m. Tài chính
3. Interaction mã 13. Deficit n. Sự thiếu hụt
4. Resolve d. Sự tương tác 14. Stability o. Đầu tư nước
5. Commodity e. Tài sản 15. Monetary policy ngoài
6. Quality f. Hàng hóa 16. Fluctuation p. Sự ổn định
7. Distinction g. Giải quyết 17. Enterprise q. Chính sách tiền
8. Imbalance h. Sự khác biết 18. Import duty tệ
9. Revenue i. Mất cân bằng 19. Foreign currency r. Ngoại tệ
10. Inflation rate j. Chất lượng 20. Foreign s. Sự dao động
investment t. Doanh nghiệp
III. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words
about grow cause such as
principal caused State bank in
growth when impact that

What are causes of inflation in Vietnam?

1. A fact that state investment in total investment from 2002 to 2007 is always more than 50%. Put in
differently, government spend to bring (1)………. a big increase in aggregate demand, then
inflation occurs.
2. Boom in FDI. (2)………….there is a huge influx of foreign exchange into the economy, money supply
increases then inflation does. Furthermore, influx of foreign exchange (3)…………… a rise in demand.
For the former, a rise in demand cannot be met by import then push price up. Result in inflation.
3. (4)…………has to undertake too many targets. On one hand they have to curb inflation,
on the other hand they have to stimulate economic (5)…………... Theoretically, It is impossible to fulfill
both targets at the same time.
4. Some of the causes of Vietnam's high inflation are externally induced (6)……….. dramatic increases
in the international prices of food, fuel and construction materials have a large (7)………. on
domestic prices, but others are home-made such as the unsterilized liquidity inflows, unusually high
domestic credit growth, expansionary fiscal policy, and aggressive public investment were
the(8)…………… home-made causes of Vietnam's high inflation.

WRITING
Task 1

1. There was a 3% decrease in spending on accommodation. (went down)

2. There was a significant growth in spending on entertainment. (significantly)
3. The price of gold fluctuated a lot last year. (fluctuations)
4. The idea is being proposed by the team leader at the moment. (proposing)
5. Cinema admissions rose steadily in both Britain and Australia in the early 1980s. (in)
6. In the next stage, the client passes the plan to the creative team. (passed)
7. The customer is being served by the waiter. (serving)
8. Dr. Carlisle was an expert in genetics. He has died. (who)
9. Hydrogen explodes easily. It used to be used in airships. (which)
10. You can see a large increase over ten years. (seen)
Task 2

1. 1600/ pollution level/ low.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Over the next 200 years/ the level of sulphur dioxide/rise/ 700 micro gram per cubic meter/ while/ the level of
smoke/ rise/ gradual/ 200.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. 1700/ 1850/ there/ fluctuation/ the level of sulphur dioxide/
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. At the same time/ the level of smoke/ increase/ steady/ 200/ 270/ micrograms/
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Smoke level/ increase/ sharp/ 1850/ 1900/ and/ reach/ peak/ about 400.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. During the 20th century/ the levels of both pollutants/ fall/ dramatic.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Task 3

1. The number of people/ visit the cinema less than once per month/ drop/ significant.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. There/ slight/ fall/ number visiting the cinema once per month.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. The number of people/ go to the cinema from one to three times per month/ rise/ slight.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. The data/ show/ considerable/ increase/ over ten years in the number visiting the cinema more than three times per
month.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..