INSOMNIA DISORDER IN ADOLESCENTS
Source: Alodokter.com
Insomnia is a disease that can
cause difficulty sleeping, even though
there is little time to sleep. This disease
can hamper the sufferer's activities the
next day. Insomnia can be recognized
by not sleeping soundly or what is
usually called difficulty sleeping.
Insomnia is a serious public health
issue. Typical developmental changes
and challenges to sleep faced by
adolescents have been the topic of
several recent reviews . Adolescence is
the phase of life between childhood and
adulthood, from ages 10 to 19. It is a
unique stage of human development
and an important time for laying the
foundations of good health. Adolescents
experience rapid physical, cognitive and
psychosocial growth. Sleep is essential
for teenagers because it plays an
important role in their physical and
mental development. Most teens should
get between 8 and 10 hours of sleep
per night. Unfortunately, research
indicates that many teens get far less
1 | Anisa Asahra (I1C023082)
There are several indications and
symptoms of insomnia, such as having
nightmares, waking up suddenly at
night, difficulty sleeping, feeling
restless while sleeping, messed up
sleep schedule, dissatisfaction with
sleep. Insomnia sufferers find it very
difficult to feel sleepy, therefore each
person must determine a normal sleep
size. The most common symptoms of
insomnia are difficulty feeling sleepy,
frequently waking up at night, often
feeling tired, emotionally unstable,
mood changing quickly, often feeling
unrefreshed after waking up, taking a
long time to fall asleep, difficulty
sleeping. concentrate, and often feel
tired during the day.
Insomnia in adolescents is associated
with a worsening quality of life and
increased risk of somatic,
interpersonal, and psychiatric problems
Insomnia is also associated with
multiple health and academic
consequences. First, mood and risk of
Department of Pharmacy
Jenderal Soedirman University, 2023
sleep than they need. Teenage are one depression are correlated with sleep
group that is vulnerable to insomnia due duration. Self-reports of poor mood,
to various factors, such as irregular emotional regulation, and self-harm
sleep and activity patterns, passionate increase with sleep restriction.
enthusiasm, psychological stress,
hormonal fluctuations, smoking habits
or consuming excessive caffeine.

The relationship between mood and

sleep is complex and bidirectional
. 4. Impact on Life Expectancy
because poor mood and anxiety can
worsen insomnia and vice versa. Having insomnia can shorten a
However, data support improvement in person's life expectancy. This was
depressive symptoms when sleep time stated in an analysis published by the
is extended. Sleep Research Society. Involving
more than 1 million participants and
112,566 deaths, the researchers
1.Insomnia disorder can lead to looked at the correlation between sleep
negative developmental outcomes duration and mortality.
including cognitive and academic
functioning, critical during this period of
intense learning. Currently, the literature Teens who are having Insomnia
investigating the impact of clinical disorder should start by talking with
insomnia on cognitive ability during their doctor about how much sleep they
adolescence, is lacking. However, a are getting and how it impacts their
number of studies have reported the daily life. Their pediatrician can work to
negative association between insomnia- identify any underlying causes and
type characteristics and cognitive craft the most appropriate and tailored
performance in this age group. treatment.

Teens can improve their sleep hygiene,

which includes their sleep environment
and habits. Some healthy sleep tips
that can help in this process include:

1. Budgeting eight hours of sleep into

your daily schedule and keeping that
Source:img.jakpost.net same schedule on both weekdays and
weekends.

2. Creating a consistent pre-bed

2 | Anisa Asahra (I1C023082) Department of Pharmacy

Jenderal Soedirman University, 2023
 2. Increased Risk of Physical Ilness
Prolonged insomnia can increase the
risk of various physical diseases, such
as: obesity, heart disease, sensitivity to
pain, inflammation, seizures, weak
immune system, and high blood
pressure.
routine to help with relaxation and
falling asleep fast.
3. Avoiding caffeine and soda close to
sleep time.
4. Putting away electronic devices for
at least a half-hour before bed and
keeping them on silent mode to avoid
checking them during the night.

3. Increased Risk of Accident 5. Setting up your bed with a

supportive mattress that’s the best
Poor sleep quality due to insomnia can
mattress for you. And don’t forget to
also put sufferers at greater risk of
bring your best pillow.
accidents. Because it is difficult to sleep
at night, people with insomnia can feel 6. Keeping your bedroom cool, dark,
tired and sleepy during the day. and quiet.

REFERENCES

De Zambotti, M., Goldstone, A., Colrain,

I. M., & Baker, F. C. (2018). Insomnia
disorder in adolescence: Diagnosis,
impact, and treatment. Sleep medicine
reviews,39,12-24.https://doi.org/10.1016
/j.smrv.2017.06.009

Halodoc (2021). Tersedia di:

https://www.halodoc.com/artikel/jangan-
dibiarkan-insomnia-bisa-sebabkan-7-
masalah-ini (Diakses : 28 September
2023)

3 | Anisa Asahra (I1C023082) Department of Pharmacy

Jenderal Soedirman University, 2023
National Sleep Foundation. (2023)
Teens and Sleep. Available online:

https://www.sleepfoundation.org/teens-
and-sleep

4 | Anisa Asahra (I1C023082) Department of Pharmacy

Jenderal Soedirman University, 2023
5 | Anisa Asahra (I1C023082) Department of Pharmacy
Jenderal Soedirman University, 2023