Test Bank for Todays Technician Automotive Heating & Air Conditioning Classroom Manual a

Test Bank for Todays Technician Automotive Heating

& Air Conditioning Classroom Manual and Shop
Manual, 5th Edition

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Chapter 7: Diagnosis of the Refrigeration System

TRUE/FALSE

1. Ice on the evaporator coil is often a normal condition.

ANS: F PTS: 1

2. The outlet of the metering device is usually the coolest part of the system under normal operating
conditions.

ANS: T PTS: 1

3. On a cycling-clutch system, the desired average temperature of the evaporator should be about 35F
(1.7C).

ANS: T PTS: 1

4. A temperature change at the outlet of a system accumulator indicates the accumulator is restricted.

ANS: F PTS: 1

5. Poor passenger compartment cooling may be the result of dirt or debris plugging the evaporator core
cooling fins.

ANS: T PTS: 1

6. Restricted airflow through the condenser core will result in higher than normal high-side pressures.

ANS: T PTS: 1

7. A refrigerant system with air contamination will still operate properly.

ANS: F PTS: 1

8. High-side restrictions can cause extremely high temperatures.

ANS: T PTS: 1

9. R-134a has the exact same temperature and pressure relationship as R-12.

ANS: F PTS: 1

10. Moisture in a refrigerant system may cause intermittent poor system performance.

ANS: T PTS: 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Technician A says there is a direct relationship between the pressure and temperature of a refrigerant.
Technician B says any apparent temperature-pressure relationships in a contaminated system are not
valid. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: C PTS: 1

2. A manifold and gauge set is attached to an operating air conditioner. The low-side gauge reading is too
high and the high-side reading is too low. What could be the problem?
a. refrigerant overcharge c. defective compressor
b. insufficient refrigerant d. expansion valve stuck open
ANS: C PTS: 1

3. While a technician is performing an A/C system performance test, it is determined that the low
pressure gauge is reading in the vacuum range. This reading could be caused by:
a. an overcharged refrigerant system.
b. a flooded evaporator
c. a restricted expansion valve
d. service hoses are connected to the incorrect system ports.
ANS: C PTS: 1

4. Which of the following could cause very low pressures on the low side of a system equipped with an
expansion valve?
a. expansion valve stuck open c. compressor valves not sealing
b. expansion valve stuck closed d. compressor clutch inoperative
ANS: B PTS: 1

5. What could happen if the evaporator pressure becomes too low?

a. Moisture in the system will cause the expansion valve to freeze.
b. Moisture will freeze on the evaporator surface restricting air flow.
c. Liquid refrigerant will damage the compressor.
d. Excessive temperature and pressure extremes will damage the evaporator.
ANS: B PTS: 1

6. An undercharged system will show which of the following gauge readings?

a. low side, low; high side, low c. low side, high; high side, low
b. low side, low; high side, high d. low side, high; high side, high
ANS: A PTS: 1

7. An R-134a expansion valve system that is properly charged has the following gauge readings,
high-side 150 psig and low-side 42 psig and the ambient air temperature is 85°F. Which of the
following is the most likely cause?
a. A restricted receiver drier
b. An out of adjustment temperature blend door
c. A restricted condenser
d. A stuck open expansion valve
ANS: D PTS: 1
 8. If the low-side gauge pressure is showing a vacuum, all of the following defects could be the cause,
EXCEPT:
a. clogged inlet screen. c. compressor valves worn.
b. expansion valve stuck closed. d. moisture in the system.
ANS: C PTS: 1

9. A pressure gauge reading of 26 psig (179 kPa) inside the evaporator of a system using R-134a means
the evaporating temperature of the refrigerant is about
a. 25F (–3.9C). c. 35F (1.7C).
b. 30F (–1.1C). d. 40F (4.4C).
ANS: B PTS: 1

10. During a refrigerant system performance test it is noticed that both high-side and low-side pressure
readings are about the same. Which of the following could be the possible cause?
a. A restricted susction line. c. A restricted expansion vave.
b. A faulty compressor. d. Moisture contamination.
ANS: B PTS: 1

11. At highway speed the A/C system cools normally, but poorly during around town stop and go driving.
What is the most likely case of this condition?
a. A stuck closed engine thermostat.
b. A misadjusted air blend door.
c. An open electronic cooling fan relay.
d. An open high-speed blower relay.

ANS: C PTS: 1

12. On a vehicle equipped with front and rear A/C dual evaporator system, the front evaporator cools
properly, but the rear evaporator is warm. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
a. An overcharged refrigerant system.
b. An undercharged refrigerant system.
c. A stuck open front expansion valve.
d. A stuck open rear expansion valve.
ANS: D PTS: 1

13. O-ring damage could be caused by

a. overtightening. c. using the wrong type of O-ring.
b. burrs on the fitting. d. all of the above.
ANS: D PTS: 1

14. A technician is checking refrigerant system pressures. Both high- and ow-side service ports are located
on the A/C compressor. When the compressor is engaged, the high-side pressure instantly goes over
375 psig. What is the most ikely cause of this condition?
a. A resricted expansion valve. c. A faulty cooling fan.
b. A restricted receiver dryer. d. A restricted discharge hose.
ANS: D PTS: 1
15. An R-134a expansion valve system that is properly charged has the following gauge readings,
high-side 320 psig and low-side 50 psig and the ambient air temperature is 80°F. Which of the
following is the most likely cause? Technician A says an air flow restriction through the condenser
coud be the cause. Technician B says the refrigerant system coud be overcharged. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: C PTS: 1

16.

Technician A says the system shown is a fixed orifice tube-type refrigeration system. Technician B
says the FOT is the dividing point between the high- or low-side system pressures. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: C PTS: 1
17.

Technician A says the system shown is an expansion valve refrigeration system. Technician B says the
expansion valve is the dividing point between the high- or low-side system pressures. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: C PTS: 1

18. Technician A says a restriction at point “A” would cause a high high-side pressure and a low low-side
pressure. Technician B says a restriction at “B” would cause low high-side pressure and low low-side
pressure. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: D PTS: 1

19. Technician A says that at point “A” the refrigerant should be a low-pressure gas. Technician B says
that at point “B” the refrigerant should be a low-pressure liquid. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: C PTS: 1
20.
Technician A says the pressures shown in the figure may indicate excessive moisture in the system.
Technician B says the pressures indicate a possible defective metering device. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: C PTS: 1

21. On a properly charged R-134a system an A/C performance test indicates both normal high- and
low-side pressures, but poor cooling. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
a. Restricted air flow through the condenser.
b. Restricted air flow through the evaporator.
c. A faulty compressor.
d. Moisture contamination.
ANS: B PTS: 1

22. On a properly charged R-134a cycling clutch type A/C system theevaporator is icing. Which of the
following could be the cause?
a. Restricted orifice tube c. A faulty pressure cycling switch
b. Restricted suction side line d. Moisture contamination.
ANS: C PTS: 1

23. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of an overcharged air conditioning system?
a. Compressor cycles rapidly when equipped with a cycling-clutch pressure switch
b. Higher than normal high-side pressures
c. Reduced cooling capacity under any load condition
d. Early compressor failure
ANS: A PTS: 1
 24. During a refrigerant system performance test the following results are recorded: outside ambient
temperature of 90°F, high-side gauge reading of 145 psi and low pressure gauge reading of 14 psi.
What is indicated by these results?
a. A restriction on the high side of the refrigerant system.
b. Low refrigerant levels.
c. Normal refrigerant system operation.
d. Faulty refrigerant compressor
ANS: B PTS: 1

25. Technician A says the Delta T method of adjusting the charge levels of the refrigerant system relies on
a comparison of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the evaporator. Technician B says systems should
always be checked first for refrigerant contamination. Who is correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: C PTS: 1

26. On a refrigerant system there is heavy frost on the expansion vave inlet and low-side pressure is well
below normal. Technician A says that the expansion valve is stuck in the open position could be the
cause. Technician B says that a restricted expansion valve inet screan could be the cause. Who is
correct?
a. Technician A only c. Both A and B
b. Technician B only d. Neither A nor B
ANS: B PTS: 1

SHORT ANSWER

1. What is the primary cause of corrosion in the air-conditioning system?

ANS:
Moisture

PTS: 1

2. When can R-134a be used in a R-12 system?

ANS:
Never, unless the system is properly retrofitted to R-134a refrigerant following the manufacturer’s
recommendations.

PTS: 1

3. What is the real hazard of excessive concentrations of refrigerants in the service area, whether or not
they have contacted an open flame?

ANS:
Lack of oxygen, resulting in asphyxiation

PTS: 1

4. What can a defective compressor cause systems pressures to be?

 ANS:
High-side pressure to be lower than normal, and low-side pressure to be higher than normal.

PTS: 1

5. What may happen if the expansion valve remote bulb is not making contact with the evaporator outlet
tube?

ANS:
Low-side pressures will be too high.

PTS: 1

6. What are the possible causes of a low-side pressure that is high (45 psig), and a high-side pressure that
is low (150 psig)?

ANS:
1. cycling switch
2. pressure switch(s)
3. ambient air temperature switch
4. evaporator temperature sensor (fin sensor)

PTS: 1

7. What is one method for determining if the internally regulated thermostatic expansion valve is
functioning correctly?

ANS:
Cool it externally, such as with low pressure CO2.

PTS: 1

8. By comparison what are the different pressure characteristics of R-134a refrigerant compared to R-12
refrigerant?

ANS:
By comparison, R-134a refrigerant has a lower normal low-side pressure than R-12 and a higher
normal high-side pressure than R-12 refrigerant.

PTS: 1

9. What are most restrictions in a refrigerant system are caused by?

ANS:
Dirt, foreign matter, corrosion

PTS: 1

10. If a refrigerant system is contaminated with moisture what would you expect to see on the low-side
and high-side guages?

ANS:
Low-side guage will swing between a vacuum and normal and the high-side guage will be normal to
low
 PTS: 1

ESSAY

1. How does the technician determine whether an excessively low gauge reading is caused by a clogged
screen or by moisture in the system?

ANS:
Turn the air conditioner off for 10 to 15 minutes, then turn it back on. If the gauge readings
immediately go to an abnormal condition, the screen is probably clogged. If the gauge readings are
normal for a few minutes and then go to abnormal, there is probably excess moisture in the system.

PTS: 1

2. List the probable causes of high pressure on both the low and high sides of an operating air
conditioning system.

ANS:
Air in the system, refrigerant overcharge, oil overcharge, condenser air passages clogged, defective
cooling fan(s), overheating engine

PTS: 1

3. What effect would an overcharge with refrigerant oil have on a system and how would it be detected?

ANS:
Condition 4 A system that is overcharged with refrigerant oil may have a high-side pressure that is
abnormally high and the high-side lines and hoses are vibrating and/or pulsating. This will also be
accompanied by high duct temperatures and poor cooling performance. This is both a difficult
condition to diagnose and repair. In excess, oil in the refrigerant system acts as a heat insulator and
takes up space. Too much refrigerant oil in the system will cause the compressor to work harder to
displace it and in the process increase system temperatures and pressures. Typically the high-side
gauge will read a higher pressure than a static temperature/pressure chart would indicate. In a system
that contains an excess amount of oil the outside temperature of the high-side line will be cooler than
the static temperature/pressure chart would indicate but the pressure will be higher than the measured
temperature would indicate on the static temperature/pressure chart.

PTS: 1

4. Name some ways in which air could enter the air conditioning system.

ANS:
There is a low-side leak and the low side goes into a vacuum while running; failure to properly
evacuate before charging the system.
 PTS: 1

5. If the refrigerant inside the evaporator is several degrees below 32F (0C), what keeps the evaporator
from icing?

ANS:
Temperature rises through the walls of the cooling fins and coils before contacting the air passing
through the evaporator.

PTS: 1

6. What effect would a high-side restriction have on a system and how would it be detected?

ANS:
A restriction on the high-side of the system will have different pressure effects depending on where the
restriction is. The closer the restriction is to the compressor the higher the pressure will be. The
high-side gauge however will not indicate the high pressure condition if the restriction is before the
high-side service port in fact the gauge reading will be lower than normal. By also looking at the
low-side gauge reading clues can be gained. The low-side gauge may indicate normal, slightly low, or
a vacuum depending on how sever the high side restriction is. If the high-side restriction is after the
service valve the high side-gauge reading will be higher than normal.

PTS: 1

7. What should you do first before condemning a refrigerant system component?

ANS:
Before condemning a component, make sure the system is fully charged with refrigerant. A slightly
low system charge will cause rapid cycling of the air conditioning compressor clutch when the engine
speed is raised. On noncycling-clutch systems (variable displacement compressors), the low side will
be low (15-30 psig for R134a) and the high side will also be low (110-150 psig for R134a). You may
also notice foamy bubbles in the sight glass if the system is so equipped (R-12,) and the evaporator
outlet line will be warm.

PTS: 1

8. What effect would a low-side restriction have on a system and how would it be detected?

ANS:
Test Bank for Todays Technician Automotive Heating & Air Conditioning Classroom Manual a

A restriction on the low-side of the refrigerant system is not as likely due to the larger diameter of the
lines and hoses. But it is still possible for restrictions to occur in the evaporator core if the system is
contaminated, and if the system has an accumulator the desiccant may have failed. If a low-side
restriction occurs the low side gauge reading will be low or even a vacuum depending on where the
service fitting is located in relation to the restriction. If the compressor is not able to circulate the
refrigerant due to the low side restriction the high-side gauge reading will also be low. Finding the
restriction by looking for temperature differentials before and after the low –side restriction is still
possible but the temperature differential on either side will not be as great and some temperature
difference between the evaporator inlet and outlet is expected.

PTS: 1

9. How is a baseline used in a refrigerant system diagnosis test?

ANS:
One of the first steps is to establish a baseline before you perform any repairs. The initial air
conditioning performance test can serve as this baseline since it records system pressures, ambient air
temperature, vent temperature, and relative humidity levels. In addition to being able to verify a repair
with this base line you will be in a position to give a customer some relative facts after the repair is
completed.

PTS: 1

10. What is the symptom of a refrigerant system that is overcharges with refrigerant?

ANS:
The symptoms of a system overcharged with refrigerant include poor to fair cooling, evaporator outlet
warm to cool, and poor to no cooling during stop and go traffic but highway driving may be ok. Both
the high-side and low-side pressures will be higher than normal. The compressor clutch may
frequently cycle on/off as the high pressure switch detects high high-side pressure. Too much air in
system may also cause these symptoms. In addition, when the air conditioning system is turned off on
a system with air contamination the pressure will drop 30 psig quickly, but then falls gradually until
high and low-side pressures equalize.

PTS: 1

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