Reviewer in Statistics and Probability

*Random Sampling

 Random sampling - is a part of the sampling technique in which each sample has an
equal probability of being chosen.
Sample – is a randomly selected subset of a population
Population – is the entire group that you want to draw conclusion about. A sample is the
specific group that you will collect data from.

Types of Random Sampling Techniques

 Simple Random / Lottery Sampling – a sampling technique by which every member of

the population has an equal chance to be chosen as sample (drawn by lot)
 Systematic Sampling – a sampling technique by which every member of the population
is selected with a random start
 Stratified Random Sampling – a sampling technique that is used when the population
can be classified into groups or strata base on some characteristics such as age, gender or
socioeconomic status
 Cluster Sampling – a sampling technique by which the sample is taken from different
levels generally from higher levels to lower levels
 Multi-Stage Sampling – a sampling technique that is done using the combination of
different sampling techniques

Slovin’s Formula

n = N / 1 + Ne^2 where; n = sample size, N = number of population, e = margin of

error

 Statistic - describes a sample as an estimate for the whole population. The fact is about a
very large population in which you can’t imagine the time and money to be spent to
survey the entire population.
 Parameter - describes the entire population. The fact is about the whole population that
is easy to figure out because the groups are small enough to measure.