COMPLETE MEAL PLAN

For
Mr. Andres Bonifacio

PATIENT PROFILE:

Mr. Andres Bonifacio, a 42-year-old, who works as an old store manager, was admitted to the
hospital’s intensive care unit. He was first seen in the emergency room with severe edema, headache, and
a rapid heart rate. He reported an inability to pass more than minimal amounts of urine in the past two
days. His son, who drove him to the emergency room, said he had missed work for several days and
seemed confused and unusually tired. Mr. Bonifacio has been diagnosed by the physician with acute
renal failure. Mr. Bonifacio is low active, 5 feet and 3 inches tall, and weighs 125 pounds.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION:

According to (Mayo Clinic, 2022), Acute kidney failure occurs when your kidneys suddenly
become unable to filter waste products from your blood. When your kidneys lose their filtering ability,
dangerous levels of waste may accumulate, and your blood's chemical makeup may get out of balance.
Acute kidney failure — also called an acute renal failure or acute kidney injury — develops rapidly,
usually in less than a few days. Acute kidney failure is most common in people who are already
hospitalized, particularly in critically ill people who need intensive care. Acute kidney failure can be fatal
and requires intensive treatment. However, acute kidney failure may be reversible. If you're otherwise in
good health, you may recover normal or nearly normal kidney function.

TASK:

To prepare a complete meal plan for Mr. Andres Bonifacio comprises an appetizer, a main dish, a
naturally prepared drink, and a dessert.

CONTRAINDICATED:
According to (Berkheiser et al., n.d.), these are the following list of foods contraindicated to people with
kidney diseases.
1. Dark-colored Soda
In addition to the calories and sugar that most sodas provide, they also contain added phosphorus,
especially dark-colored sodas. Most beverage manufacturers add phosphorus during processing to
enhance flavor, prolong shelf life, and prevent discoloration. Thus, our body absorbs this added
phosphorus to a greater extent than natural, animal-based, or plant-based phosphorus.
Unlike most natural phosphorus, phosphorus in additive form is not bound to protein. Rather, it is
found in the form of salt and is highly absorbable by the intestinal tract.
2. Avocados
Known for their healthy fats, and nutritious qualities, including fiber and antioxidants, avocados
are usually a healthy addition to the diet. However, those with kidney disease may need to avoid them.
This is because an average-sized avocado provides 690 mg of potassium. People with kidney disease can
still add this to their diets while also limiting potassium. However, it is important to be reminded that
individuals may have different needs depending on the severity of their kidney problems, and the overall
diet and health goals are the most important to consider.

3. Canned foods
Often purchased because of their low cost and convenience, canned foods such as soups,
vegetables, beans, and most canned goods contain high amounts of sodium, as salt is added as a
preservative to increase its shelf life.
Due to the high amount of sodium found in most canned foods, it is often recommended that
people with known kidney disease avoid or limit their consumption. Choosing lower sodium content
foods or those labeled “no added salt” is typically recommended.
Additionally, draining and rinsing canned foods, such as canned beans and tuna, can decrease the
sodium content by 33–80%, depending on the product.

4. Whole wheat bread

Whole wheat bread may be a more nutritious choice, mostly due to its higher fiber content.
However, white bread is usually recommended over whole wheat varieties for individuals with kidney
disease. This is because of its phosphorus and potassium content. The more bran and whole grains in the
bread, the higher the phosphorus and potassium contents.

For example, a 1-ounce (30-gram) serving of whole wheat bread contains about 57 mg of
phosphorus and 69 mg of potassium. In comparison, white bread contains only 28 mg of both phosphorus
and potassium. Note that most bread and bread products, regardless of whether they’re white or whole
wheat, also contain relatively high amounts of sodium.

5. Bananas

Bananas are known for their high potassium content. An average medium banana provides 422 mg of
potassium. Unfortunately, most tropical fruits also contain high potassium content as well. Bananas are a
rich source of potassium and may need to be limited on a renal diet. Pineapple is a kidney-friendly fruit,
as it contains much less potassium than certain other tropical fruits.

6. Dairy

Dairy products contain high amounts of phosphorus, potassium, and protein and should be limited
to a renal diet. Despite milk’s high calcium content, its phosphorus content may weaken bones in those
with kidney disease. Dairy alternatives like unenriched rice milk and almond milk are much lower in
potassium, phosphorus, and protein than cow’s milk, making them a good substitute for milk while on a
renal diet. (Berkheiser et al., n.d.)
 7. Processed Meats

Like canned goods, processed meats have long been associated with chronic diseases and are
generally considered unhealthy due to their preservative contents like sodium. Most processed meats have
been salted, dried, cured, or even canned. Examples would include hotdogs, bacon, jerky, and sausages.
Processed meats are high in salt and protein and should be consumed in moderation on a renal diet.

8. Tomatoes

Tomatoes are another high-potassium fruit that should likely be limited on a renal diet. Just 1 cup of
tomato sauce can contain upwards of 900 mg of potassium.

9. Packaged, instant, and premade meals

Packaged, instant, and premade meals are highly processed items that can contain very large amounts of
sodium and lack nutrients. It’s best to limit these foods on a renal diet.

10. Swiss chard, spinach, and beet greens

Leafy green vegetables like Swiss chard, spinach, and beet greens are full of potassium, especially when
served cooked. Although their serving sizes become smaller when cooked, their potassium contents
remain the same.

11. Dates, raisins, and prunes

Nutrients are concentrated when fruits are dried. Therefore, the potassium content of dried fruit, including
dates, prunes, and raisins, is extremely high and should be avoided on a renal diet.

12. Pretzels, chips, and crackers

Pretzels, chips, and crackers are easily consumed in large portions and tend to contain high amounts of
salt. Additionally, chips made from potatoes provide a considerable amount of potassium.

FOOD PREPARATION:
1. Appetizer: Buffalo Cauliflower Bites
• Benefits:
✔ Cauliflower is a great source of many nutrients. A person who consumes one
cup of it can get 77% of the RDI of Vitamin C, 20 % of the RDI of Vitamin K, 11% of the RDI of
Vitamin B6, and 14% of the RDI of Folate. In addition, cauliflower is rich in antioxidants which
help in reducing inflammation and slowing down the growth of cancer. An extensively studied
antioxidant called Sulforaphane is most protective against colon and prostate cancers but is also
studied for its beneficial effect on other types of cancers. Also, it has fiber which helps prevent
digestive problems.
✔ Low in carbohydrates which makes it suitable for people who are on a keto
diet, low in potassium, and low in phosphorus. Spices used in this recipe such as black
 pepper and garlic powder have antioxidants that help in reducing inflammation in the
body.

• Main Ingredients:
✔ 1 medium cauliflower head
✔ ½ cup all-purpose flour
✔ ½ cup water
✔ 1 TBSP garlic powder
✔ 1 tsp black pepper
✔ ½ cup Frank’s Red Hot Buffalo Wing Sauce
For the Lemon Dill Dip:
✔ ¼ cup sour cream
✔ 1 TBSP dried dill
✔ 1 TBSP garlic powder
✔ 2 TBSP lemon juice

2. Main Dish: Chicken Pesto Pasta

• Benefits:
✔ Calories (364g), Fat (11g), Carbohydrates (43g) & Protein (24g)
✔ Laden with antioxidants, naturally low in sodium (7% of RDI), potassium
(12% of RDI), and phosphorus (6% of RDI) which makes it a great alternative to the marinara
sauce for people with AKD & reduces the risk of many diseases, including heart disease and
cancer.

• Main Ingredients:
✔ 1 lb. boneless, skinless chicken breast
✔ 2 tbsp butter
✔ 2 cloves garlic
✔ 1/2 lb. penne pasta
✔ 1.5 cups chicken broth
✔ 180 g pesto sauce
✔ 1 cup milk
✔ 250 ml Nestle All-Purpose Cream
✔ Ground pepper
✔ Parmesan cheese

3. Dessert: Apple Filled Crepes

• Benefits:
✔ Apples are high in fiber, vitamin C, and various antioxidants. They are also
very filling, considering their low-calorie count. Calories (52 kcal), Water (86%), Protein (0.3g),
Carbs (13.8g), Sugar (10.4g), Fiber (2.4g), Fat (0.2g).
✔ Salt is hard on the kidneys and elevates blood pressure, this is why this recipe
is perfect for people who have kidney problems.
✔ Apples have many perks, including a high antioxidant content. The body's
cells are shielded from oxidative damage by antioxidants. Therefore, eating an apple might assist
kidney cells in acting as a preventative mechanism against specific renal illnesses. To prevent
 placing further strain on the kidneys, a person with renal disease will need to carefully regulate
his or her diet by including foods that are low in minerals like potassium and salt. Apples are
naturally low in potassium and salt, making them a great choice for renal patients who are trying
to prevent mineral imbalances due to kidney disease or dialysis.
• Main Ingredients:
✔ 4 egg yolks
✔ 2 whole eggs
✔ ½ cup of sugar
✔ 1 cup of flour
✔ 1/4 cup of oil
✔ 2 cups of milk
✔ 4 apples
✔ ½ cup of brown sugar
✔ ½ teaspoon of cinnamon
✔ ½ teaspoon of nutmeg
✔ 1 stick or ½ cup of unsalted butter

4. Drink: Ginger Iced Tea with Honey

• Benefits:
✔ Calories (43kcal), Carbohydrates (11g), Potassium (12mg), Sugar (11g), Iron
(0.1mg)
✔ Ginger contains gingerol, which has powerful medicinal properties. Gingerol
has powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
✔ Ginger and honey tea improve general digestion. Ginger stimulates the
secretion of gastric juices and saliva, aiding in proper digestion. Honey has antimicrobial
properties that may help your digestive system stay healthy by protecting against harmful
bacteria. Using ginger and honey together makes ginger tea more effective than using it with just
honey or ginger alone. Ginger can relieve stomach cramps caused by indigestion.
• Main Ingredients:
✔ 8 c boiling water
✔ ⅓ cup of honey
✔ 2 tsp. Ginger freshly grated
✔ 5 bags of tea

GROUP MEMBERS:
Tambot, Al D. (Group Leader)
Molano, Japhet Rae Andrea Lafiguera Molano
Carrera, Deanne Angeli Beltran Carrera
Quinto, Abegail Manuel Quinto
Ferrer, Hannah Grace Mandani Ferrer
Aquino, Kenneth Catambing Aquino
 References

Berkheiser, K., Kubala, J., & Bjarnadottir, A. (n.d.). 17 Foods to Avoid If You Have Kidney Disease.

Healthline. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods-to-avoid-with-kidney-disease#1.-Dark-colored-soda

Campbell, E., & CDE, R. (n.d.). Spicy Buffalo Cauliflower Bites – Kidney Community Kitchen. Kidney

Community Kitchen. Retrieved October 10, 2022, from

https://www.kidneycommunitykitchen.ca/kkcookbook/recipes/spicy-buffalo-cauliflower-bites/

Elliott, B., & Davidson, K. (2017, April 14). The Top 8 Health Benefits of Cauliflower. Healthline.

Retrieved October 10, 2022, from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/benefits-of-cauliflower

Kara. (2020, July 20). Home. YouTube. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from

https://waxingkara.com/honey-ginger-iced-tea/?fbclid=IwAR2RvMQdTXMLJtm1C4UoDO22m

RqBPzG2BsN9GIAhgliP7mpr_yrNiHO9IwM

Leech, J., & Lang, A. (n.d.). 11 Health Benefits of Ginger: Effect on Nausea, the Brain & More.

Healthline. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/11-proven-benefits-of-ginger

Mayo Clinic. (2022, July 30). Acute kidney failure - Symptoms and causes. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved

October 8, 2022, from

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-failure/symptoms-causes/syc-20369048

Northwest Kidney Centers. (n.d.). Home. YouTube. Retrieved October 10, 2022, from

https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nwkidney.org%2Frecipe%2Fapple-filled

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GxhLb3XOY&h=AT34_lJ2wHhK7UbqqB5Hy-olv8QgdT4DSW6otTqHLKx0GUFVJJ5COuKcF

OmGJMm04ekPopxhtTCDfka2VAnim