Professional Documents
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Content
1. ACCOUNTING - AN INTRODUCTION
2. ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS
5. JOURNAL
6. LEDGER
7. CASH BOOK
8. SPECIAL PURPOSE BOOKS
9. TRIAL BALANCE
14. DEPRECIATION
a) 50
b) 07
c) 20
d) 100
Ans. b) 07
Ques 2. X and Y are partners, sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 4: 3. They
admit Z into the partnership for share. X and Y decide to share future profits in the
a) 4:3
b) 13:8
c) 8:13
d) 4:17
Ans. a) 4:17
Ques 3. While charging depreciation on fixed Assets by straight line method, the
value of Assets taken into consideration is:
a) Original value
b) Diminishing value
c) Market value
d) Book value
c) unlimited
d) limited to the amount agreed among partners
Ans. c) unlimited
a) Revenue Receipt.
b) Asset.
c) Profit.
d) Capital receipt.
(d) Prospectus
a) On admission of a partner
a) Gross Profit
b) Gross Loss
c) Net Profit
d) Net Loss
a) Interest A/c
Ques 13. X Ltd., invited applications for issuing 10,000 equity shares of ₹ 10 each.
Applications were received for 9,800 shares. The issue will be called:
a) Fully subscribed
b) Over subscribed
c) Under subscribed
d) Partly subscribed
Ques 14. Shares of ₹ 10 have been issued at ₹ 11 per share. These shares will be
a) Par
b) Premium
Ans. b) Premium
Ques 16. Differentiate between fixed and fluctuating capital accounts on any three
bases.
Ans.
The number of Accounts There are two accounts in There is only one account
accounts account
and the new profit-sharing ratio between A and C was 2 : 1. On B’s retirement, the
goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 90,000. Pass necessary journal entry for the
treatment of goodwill on B’s retirement.
Ans.
Working Notes:
A:B:C
Old Ratio – 3 : 2 : 1
A:C
New Ratio – 2 : 1
𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟑 𝟏
A’s = 𝟑 - =𝟔 -𝟔 =𝟔
𝟔
𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟏 𝟏
C’s = 𝟑 - 𝟔 = 𝟔 - 𝟔 = 𝟔
2. Adjustment of goodwill
2
B’s Share of goodwill = 90, 000 * = ₹ 30, 000
6
1
Debited by A’s Share = 30,000 * = ₹ 15, 000
2
Ques 18. Ajay and Vijay were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2.
Their fixed Capitals were Ajay ₹ 5,00,000 and Vijay ₹ 4,00,000. The partnership
(c) Monthly salary of ₹ 10,000 to Ajay and half yearly salary of ₹ 50,000 to Vijay.
During the year ended 31.12.2020 the firm earned a net profit of 12,50,000. During
the year each partner withdrew * 60,000. Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation
For Ajay:
Interests on capitals are recorded on the debit side of the appropriation account
For Ajay:
For Vijay:
Interests on drawings are recorded on the credit side of the appropriation account.
For Ajay:
For Vijay:
The profit for the year is recorded on the credit side of the appropriation account.
Calculation of profit/loss:
To determine profit/loss, observe the debit and the credit sides. If the balancing
figure appears on the debit side, it is profit. Else, loss.
Since they share their profits and losses in the ratio 3:2, it will be distributed
accordingly.
For Ajay:
For Vijay:
I) Simple Average: Under this meth od, the goodwill is valued at the agreed number of
years of purchase of the average profits of the past years. Goodwill = Average Profit x
ii) Weighted Average: Under this method, the goodwill is valued at an agreed number
of years of purchase of the weighted average profits of the past years. We use the
weighted average when there exists an increasing or decreasing trend in the profits
(i) The Number of Years Purchase Method: Under this method, the goodwill is valued at
the agreed number of years of purchase of the super profits of the firm.
Ques 20. Give the meaning of issue of shares at premium with the help of an
example. State the purposes for which securities premium money can be utilized.
Ans. Companies may offer shares at face value or par value. However, companies may
also offer shares at a value more than the face value. This process of issue of shares at a
higher value than the face value is known as the issue of shares at a premium.
It can be used by paying the premium payable for the redemption of any
Securities premiums can also be utilized by writing off the expenses incurred during
the issue of shares and debentures. The expenses include discounts allowed or
Ques 21. In the absence of Partnership deed state the provision of Indian
partnership deed, then the following provisions of the Act will apply:
Profits and losses are to be shared by the partners equally. [Section 13(b)]
contributed as per partnership deed, such interest on capital will be payable only out of
Interest on loan is to be allowed at the rate of 6 per cent per annum. [Section 13(d)]
Ques 22. The Directors of X Ltd. forfeited 400 shares of ₹ 10 each fully called up
on which ₹ 2,400 have been received. 300 of these shares were re-issued for ₹
2,500. Pass necessary journal entries for forfeiture and re-issue of shares.
Ans.
Ques 23. On 1st October 2019 purchased machinery 1,00,000 sold the same on 1st
July 2022 ₹ 37,500 Depreciation @ 10 % SLM year ended 31st march every year .
Calculate profit and loss on sale of fixed assets. on 10% deprecation SLM and also
prepare machinery Account.
Ans.
2019 oct. 1 To Bank A/c 100,000 2020 March By dep. A/C (6 5, 000
31 Months)
1,00,000
2020 April 1 To balance 95, 000 2021 March By dep A/c (12 10 ,000
b/d 31 Month)
2021 March By balance C/d 85, 000
95,000 31 95,000
2021 April 1 To balance 85, 000 2022 March By dep. A/c 10 ,000
2022 April 1 To balance 75, 000 2022 June 30 By dep. A/c 25,00
b/d (3 Month)
(sale)
amounts to ₹ 2,000. Amount of ₹ 1,500 was paid in 2012 on account of the year
2013. Calculate the amount to be taken to Income & expenditure A/c of 2013.
Add Rent paid in advance in 2012 for the year 2013 1,500
Ques 25. The following is the Receipts and Payments Account of Help AID Society
Fund
charges
74,200 74,200
Statement:
Ans.
X Ltd.
in Current Liabilities:
1,80,000
in Current Liabilities:
(1,70,000)
(1,60,000)
(1,60,000)
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Ques 27. Fashion Fabrics Ltd. issued 100000 shares of ₹10 each on 1st April, 2014.
The
Ans.
Journal Entries
Where average inventory refers to arithmetic average of opening and closing inventory,
and the cost of revenue from operations means revenue from operations less gross
profit.
inventory is purchased or replaced during a year. Low turnover of inventory may be due
to bad buying, obsolete inventory, etc., and is a danger signal. High turnover is good but
it must be carefully interpreted as it may be due to buying in small lots or selling quickly
at low margin to realise cash. Thus, it throws light on utilisation of inventory of goods.
(b) Trade Payables Turnover ratio = Net Credit purchases/ Average trade payable
Where Average Trade Payable = (Opening Creditors and Bills Payable + Closing
Creditors and Bills Payable)/2
Significance: It reveals average payment period. Lower ratio means credit allowed by
the supplier is for a long period or it may reflect delayed payment to suppliers which is
not a very good policy as it may affect the reputation of the business. The average
period of payment can be worked out by days/ months in a year by the Trade Payable
Turnover Ratio.
Sales 3,80,000
Ans. Gross Profit Ratio = Gross Profit / Revenue from Operations (Net Sales) *100
= 3,00,000 - 2,20,000
= 80, 000
Gross Profit Ratio = Gross Profit / Revenue from Operations (Net Sales) *100
= 26. 66 %
(a) 1 : 1
(b) 3 : 2
(c) 2 : 1
(d) 1 : 2
Reasons: -
Ideal level of current ratio is 2:1. High ratio indicates under trading and over
capitalization. Low ratio indicates over trading and under capitalization. It is most widely
Ans. The term Worksheet used in Excel documents is a collection of cells organized in
rows and columns. It is the working surface you interact with to enter data. Each
worksheet contains 1048576 rows and 16384 columns and serves as a giant table that
Ques 32. What is meant by ‘Payroll Accounting Statement’? Explain its any three
important components
Ans. Payroll is the sum total of the compensation that a business should pay its
employees on a given date or for a said period. It can be defined as a list of all the
Employee Details
In addition to the compensation paid to the employees, payroll also includes the details
of all the employees in an organization like names, addresses, social security numbers,
The fixed amount to be paid to the employees on a monthly basis is known as salary. On
the other hand, wages are based on the working hours. A specific rate of pay is set up
for each hourly employee. The total wages are calculated by multiplying the rate of pay
with number of hours the employee works.
Overtime
Some organizations pay an overtime to its employees for the extra hours they work.
Generally, the overtime hours begin after an employee works more than 36 hours a
Ans.
form cells. Worksheets are labelled sheet1, sheet2, sheet3 by default, but they can
be renamed. A workbook by default has 3 worksheets, however, these can be
3. Columns - These are vertical lines that run through the worksheet. Worksheet
4. Rows - Are horizontal lines across a worksheet. Worksheet rows are labelled by
numbers; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5… which are displayed in grey buttons across the left of the
worksheet
5. A cell - This is an intersection of a column and a row. Each cell on the spreadsheet
has a cell.
Ans. When you create a new chart, it has an initial size. Sometimes, the data in the chart
do not perfectly fit the size of the chart. In case of a table chart the columns and rows
may not perfectly fit the data in it. To make data fit the chart, you can resize the chart.
Ans.
2. Click Table.
3. Click the Click to Add field heading
changes.
9. Click OK.
Ques 36. What is a ‘Pivot Table’? State its features and any four advantages for the
users
Ans. A pivot table is a powerful data summarization tool that can automatically sort,
count, and sum up data stored in tables and display the summarized data.
Features: -
A PivotTable is an interactive way to quickly summarize large amounts of data. You can
use a PivotTable to analyze numerical data in detail, and answer unanticipated questions
Advantages: -
Pivot tables are one of the only tools available to users that can provide deep insights
into analytics data. Multiple reports can be generated with this tool off the same
If the pivot table is being used on Microsoft Excel, then the tool is able to work with any
SQL export.
Analytics that are gathered into a spreadsheet or database are easier to segment thanks
to pivot tables.
Whether you program equations directly into the pivot table or you rely on formulas,
instant data can be created with this tool.