INTERNATIONAL Iso STANDARD 3127 ‘Second edition 1994-12-01 LEER Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of resistance to external blows — Round-the-clock method Tubes en matiéres thermoplastiques — Détermination de la résistance aux hoes extérieurs — Méthode autour du cadran Reference number 10 3127:19941€)180 3127:1994(E) Foreword 1SO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through 1SO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which @ technical committee has been established has the right to be tepresented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (EC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Oraft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote, International Standard 150.3127 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for the transport of fluids, Subcommittee SC 5, General properties. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3127:1980), which has been technically revised. Annexes A and 6 of this International Standard are for information only. © 180 1994 ‘Al dghtscaseeved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced ‘tized in any form or by any means, alactronic o¢ mechanical including photocopying and ‘microti, without permission in writing from the publisher, {aternationsl Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 + CH-1211 Gendve 20 « SwitzeriandAun © INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ec iso 1S 3127:1994(E Thermoplastics pipes — Determination of resistance to external blows — Round-the-clock method 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the resistance to external blows of thermoplastics pipes of circular cross-section; called the round-the-clock method. This method is applicable to isolated batches of pipe tested at 0 °C {information is also given for sampling from the continuous production of pipe). NOTE 1. If tasting below 0 °C is required, =20*C is recommended, temperature of 2 Det For the purposes of this International Standard, the {following definitions apply. itions 2.1 true impact rate (TIR): The total number of failures divided by the total number of blows, as a percentage, as if the whole batch had been tested. NOTE 2 In practice, test pieces are drawn at random from the batch and the result is only an estimate of the TIA for that batch. 22 fallure: Unless otherwise specified in the Product standard, shattering or any crack or split on the inside of the pipe that was caused by the impact ‘and that can be seen by the naked aye (lighting devices may be used to assist in examining the specimens). Indentation of the test piece is not considered a failure, 3 Principle Test pieces are subjected to blows from a falling striker, of specified mass and shape, dropped from a known height onto specified posi circumference of the test piece. The true impact rate (TIR) of the batch, or production run from an extruder is estimated, The severity of this test method can be adjusted by changing the mass of the striker and/or by changing the drop height. It is not technically correct to vary the severity of the test by choosing values of the TIF other than those specified below. The maximum value acceptable for the TIR is taken to be 10 %, NOTE3 It should be appreciated that a completely definitive result can be reached only by testing the whole batch, but in practice a balance is necessary between the statistical possibility of 2 definitive result and the cast ol further testing 4 Apparatus 4.1 Falling-weight testing machine, incorporating the following basic components (see figure 1). 4.1.1. Main frame, with guide rails or 8 guiding tbe tigidly fixed in the vertical position, to accommodate a striker (4.1.2) and release it to fall vertically and freely. When calibrated, the speed of the striker at the ‘moment of impact shall be not less than 95 % of the theoretical speed. 4.1.2. Striker, having a nose comprising all or part of a hemisphere. combined with a cylindrical stem at least 10 mm long, and having dimensions conforming to figure 2 and table 1, depending upon the mass of the stiker. The mass of the striker, including any associated weights, shall be selected from the values given in table 2. Below the stem, the nose shall la ul Steel with a minimum wall thickness of § mm anid the striking surface shall be free from visible impertec- tions such as scratches or dents which may influence the results,tS0 3127:1994(E) ©1sO Dimensions in metres | tm =26 Graquates scale. vertical eojustonte toe different sizes of pe | | — cnannet section Ht | A ws Enlarged view A rt Striker Peay Test piece 120" v-btock a FI —}— setts nase Figure 1 — Diagrammatic representation of impact-testing machine© oso Strikers with 0,5 kg and 0,8 kg mass shall have a type a8 soni eo a1 Type 025 ttor strikers of mass 0.5 kg and 0.6 kg! soni, eo Dbl Type 490 (tor strikers of mass equal to or greater than ko} Figure 2 — Noses of the strikers (see table 1) 425 nose. Strikers with greater masses shall have a type d90 nose. {SO 3127:1994(E Dimensions n mimo ‘Table 2 — Recommended masses of strikers Masses in tog os Je ] «0 oa Table 1—Dimensions for : d lot nsions ‘the nose of the striker aa 20 ral 126 Onan a mains cafe | eeepc eee vs | a2 | to «m[*"Tal“]< NOTE — The permissible tolerance on the mass of a calc a= is ses sabe SO wo | © | 6 te{SO 3127:1994(E) 4.1.3 Rigid: test support, consisting of a 120° V-block at least 200 mm long, positioned so that the vertical projection of the point of impact of the falling ‘striker is within 2,5 mm of the axis of the V-block (see figure 1). 4.1.4 Release mechanism, such that the striker can fall from a variable height which can be adjusted to any height up to at least 2m, as measured from the top surface of the test piece, with an accuracy of £10mm 5 Test pieces Test pieces of length 200 mm + 10 mm shall be cut from pipe selected at random from the batch, or the production run from an extrude The cut ends shall be square to the axis of the pipe, clean and free from damage. For pipes with outside diameters greater than 40 mm, 2 straight line shall be drawn along the length of each test piece at a random position. Further lines shall be drawn at equal distances around the pipe so that each test piece has the number of lines given in table 3. The number of blows required is given in clause 6. For Isc pipes with outside diameters less then or equal te 40 mm, only one blow per test piece shall be made, Table 3 — Number of equidistant lines to be drawn on test pieces Nominal outside diameter of pipe mm Number of lines to be dawn uidistant | 40 50 63 5 90 10 128 140 160 180 225 2 250 12 280 16 > 315 16Anat iso ISO 3127:19° "988 00. 300 600. 500 4600 300 250 200 150 ‘ 8 8 ° 50 “ Totat number of blows 4 2 3 € 567891 % 20 30 <0 soso7090 0 Number of fallures. —— Boundaries between regions are calculated using the following equations: Sars =np-0,5~udfnpll pl Saye = 9p +0,5+ uy pll=pl where = 1,282 (10 % one-sided) p= 0,10 (TIR) © “wmber of blows NOTE — itis necessary to have achieved at least 25 blows without failure before the test is discontinued. Figure 3 — Number of test pieces for 10 % TIR (at 90 % confidence levelISO 3127:1994(E) Number of blows 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 4 a “a 4s 46 a7 43 50 51 82 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 a 62 64 65 67 68 69 70 n 2 3 "4 Table 4 — Number of blows and failures ‘Number of failures ‘Number of failures e1sc Number Accept | Continue | Reject ofbiows | accept | Continue | Reject test test ° 1103 4 75 3 41010 u ° Vto4 5 76 3 41010 " ° 1104 5 7 3 41010 u 0 1104 5 78 3 41010 " ° 1104 5 79 3 41010 u ° 1104 5 80 4 51010 u ° 1104 5 ar 4 Stoll 2 ° 1104 5 82 4 51011 2 ° 105 6 83 4 Stoll 2 0 1105 6 84 4 Stoll 2 ° 1108 6 85 4 Stoll 2 ° 10s 6 86 4 Stoll 2 ° 1t05 6 87 4 ston 12 ° 1105 6 88 4 Biol 2 ° 1t05, 6 89 4 51012 3 1 2006 7 90 4 51012 13 1 2106 7 a 4 $1012 13 1 2006 7 92 5 61012 3 1 2106 7 93 8 610 12 13 1 2106 7 94 5 61012 3 1 2006 7 95 8 61012 3 1 2006 7 96 5 61012 13 1 2106 7 a7 5 61012 13 1 2106 7 98 5 61013 4 1 2107 8 99 5 61013 4 1 2107 a 100 5 61013 4 1 2007 8 101 5 61013 4 1 2107 8 102 5 61013 4 2 3107 a 103 6 61013 4 2 3107 a 104 5 61013 14 2 3107 8 105 6 71013 14 2 3t07 a 106 6 71014 19 2 3108 9 107 6 71014 18 2 3108 9 108 6 71014 15 2 3108 9 109 6 71014 18 2 3108 9 110 6 71014 15 2 3108 9 m1 6 71014 15 2 3108 9 2 6 71014 15 2 3108 9 13 6 71014 15 2 3108 9 na 6 71018 16 2 3109 10 ns 6 71018 16 2 3109 10 16 6 71015 16 3 4109 10 nn? 7 B10 15 16 3 4109 10 ne 7 81015 16 3 4109 10 19 7 B10 15 16 3 4109 10 120 7 81015 16 3 4109 10 121 7 81015 16 3 4109 10 122 7 81018 16 i) 41010 " 123 7 81016 w 3 41010 u 124 7 81016 ”AANA ie e1SO 6 Sampling to confirm value of TIR on isolated batches If the number of failures from a sample falls into fagion A of figure 3 (for a TIR of less than or equal to 10%). then reasonable confirmation is obtained that the batch has a TIR less than or equal to the specified level {1 the number of failures falls into region C, the batch can be judged to have a TIR greater than the specified value {f the number of failures falls into region B, in general further test pieces should be taken so that a decision can be reached. However, attention is drawn to annex A for further details The decision shall be made by using the cumulative ‘esult of all the test pieces examined from the batch under consideration, 7 Conditioning The test pioces shall be conditioned in a liquid bath or in air at the temperature of 0 °C + 1 °C for at least tho period given in table 5. |n case of dispute over the results, a liquid bath shall be used. Test pieces with wall thickness up to 8.6 mm shall be tested within 10 of their removal from air con. ditioning or within 20 s of their removal from liquid conditioning, as applicable, Test pieces with wall thickness greater than 8,6 mm shall be tested within 20s of their removal from air conditioning or within 30 s of their removal from liquid conditioning, as applicable. If this interval is exceeded, the test piece shall be returned immediately to the conditioning unit for feconditioning for a minimum period of § min. Table 5 — Conditioning period Wall thickness Conditioning period e min mm Liquid bath Air e<86 15 60 86 _ iS Obtained that the batch does have a TIR of lose \ than 10%; — If the number of failures falls into seyion ‘subsequent measurements must fall into reson for the TIR to be contirmed, — if the number of failures falls into region C, th claim given by the quality mark is not confirmed. EXAMPLE A test is made on a sample to confirm a claim of a Tl: of less than or equal to 10 %: — if after 100 blows there are 13 or fewer failures reasonable confirmation is obtained that this batc! has a TIR of less than or equal to 10 %; — If 14 or more failures occur, the claim made by the quality mark is not confirmed. AA Isolated batches without a third- party quality mark If an isolated batch is claimed to have a TIR of 10 % or less but has no quality mark, this claim may be confirmed as follows — If the number of failures from a sample falls into fegion A of figure 3, then reasonable confirmation is obtained that the batch has a TIR of less than or ‘equal to 10 %: — It the number of failures falls into region C, the batch can be judged to have a TIR of greater than 10 %; — if the number of failures falls into region B, further test pieces should be taken so that a decision can bbe reached; this decision is made by considering the cumulative result of all the test pieces wiucl. were impact tested EXAMPLE test is made on a sample to contirm a claim of a TIR of less than or equal 10 10 %: — if after 100 biows there are not more than § failures, reasonable confirmation is obtained that this batch has a TIR of less than or equal to 10 %: 910 3127:1994(E) — if 14 of more failures occur, the batch can be judged to have a TIR of greater than 10 %; — if 6 to 13 failures occur, further blows have to be made so that a decision can be reached (e.9. if after a further 50 blows there have been a total of 20 failures, the batch can be judged to have a TIR of greater than 10 %) AS Suggested sampling procedure for continuous production 5.1 At the commencement of a production run sufficient test pieces should be impact tested to demonstrate that the pipe has a TIR of equal to or less than 10 %. 10 e1SO A5.2 Thereafter, at intervals not exceeding Bh. sufficient test pieces should be taken to ensure that at least 25 impacts may be made. A833 If no failures occur in the sample taken in accordance with A.5.2, production may proceed. AS.4 In the event of a failure occurring in the sample taken in accordance with A5.2, further test pieces should be tested until a positive pass or fail decision is reached (ie. the number of failures is in either region AorC)eSO Annex B (informative) 180 3127:1994( Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pressure pipe — Determination of resistance to external blows B.1 Test method The test method specified in clause 8 may be used. The mass of the falling striker and drop height as given in table 8.1 should be used. B.2_ Resistance to external blows at 0 °C. The TIR should not exceed 10 % (see figure 3) whe the pipe is tested under the conditions given in tabl Bi Table B.1 — Requirements for the falling-weight impact test at 0°C Nominal outside Mievel H level diameter of pipe [5 m [onm | tg om [Nm 20 os | oa 2 os | o« 5 os | os 25 | os | os 25 32 os | os 3 os | os 3 40 os | 08 4 os | os 4 50 os | 10 5 os | 10 5 63 os | 10 8 oe | 10 8 78 os | 10 8 oe | 12 10 80 os | 12 | 10 10 | 20 20 v0 10 | 16 | 16 16 | 20 32 125 125 | 20 | 25 26 | 20 50 140 ie | 1s | 29 a2 | 18 58 160 18 | 20 | 32 32 | 20 6s 180 20 | 18 | 36 40 | 18 n 200 20 | 20 | 40 40 | 20 80 228 28 | ie | 4s so | 18 90 250 25 | 20 | 680 50 | 20 | 100 260 32 | 1 | se 63 ve | ons 315 32 | 20 | 64 63 | 20 | 126 385 32 | 20 | 64 63 | 20 | 126 400 32 | 20 | 64 63 | 20 | 126 450 a2 | 20 | 64 63 | 20 | 126 "