Exercises Unit4

4.1.- The linear range of certain instrumental analytical method for the determination of Na+ is
between 2 and 10 ppm of Na+. If you had NaCl standard, a 250mL volumetric flask and five 50mL
volumetric flasks and one 10 mL pipette, how would you prepare the calibration solutions?

4.2.- In order to determine the concentration of a species X in a sample an operator performs a

calibration. He weighs the pure standard and dissolves in a 100mL flask obtaining a 0.125M
solution of X. Then, in order to prepare five calibration solutions, he takes 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10mL
respectively of these solutions with a pipette and takes each solution to a total of 100mL. The
five standards prepared as described get the following instrumental signal values: 0.1, 1.4, 2.9,
4.2 and 5.3 respectively. Finally, a sample is also measured and a signal value of 3.1 is obtained.
a) What is the calibration curve?
b) What concentration of X is there in the sample?

4.3.- The table below shows the data for the calibration of isooctane using a chromatographic
method.

(a) Find the equation that relates the area of the peak with the concentration of isooctane.
(b) The equation obtained was used to determine the contents in isooctane in a mixture of
hydrocarbons. Calculate the concentration in isooctane in the sample if the measurement was
performed in triplicate and the areas obtained were: 2.65, 2.61 and 2.64.

4.4.- The following data were obtained for the calibration in a spectrophotometer for the
determination of K+ in water:

(a) Calculate the equation of the calibration curve.

(b) A sample was analysed in triplicate. To do so, three aliquots of 10mL of the sample were
taken and diluted up to 50mL in volumetric flasks. The following values were read in the
spectrophotometer: 46.1, 46.5, 47.8. Determine the concentration of K+ in the sample.

4.5.- Determination of heavy metals can be carried out by means of polarography, technique
where current is measured. For the determination of cadmium, the calibration solutions were
measured and the following values were obtained:
Then, a waste water sample was measured in the same conditions and a current of 41 mA was
obtained. Find the concentration of cadmium in the sample.

4.6.- For the determination of ammonia in a fishbowl a potentiometric sensor is used. The device
measures the potential of the solution, that is related to concentration of analyte. The data
obtained for the calibration are shown below:

(a) Plot the calibration curve

(b) A 100mL sample from the fishbowl is taken and after the proper treatment the sensor is
introduced obtaining a value of 339 mV. Find the concentration of ammonia in water.

4.7.- For the determination of a species Y by an instrumental method in which P=k[Y], the
following data were obtained for the calibration:

(a) Plot the calibration curve

(b) Calculate the concentration for Y in a sample if the analytical signal obtained was 0.532

4.8.- The species Y is determined by an instrumental method for which the analytical signal (P)
follows the following law: P = k[Y]. The following data were obtained for the calibration:

0.4 g of a sample were taken for analysis and dissolved in 100 mL. Then, 2mL of that solution
were further diluted to 500 mL. The resulting solution was measured obtaining an analytical
signal intensity of 0.532.
(a) Calculate the concentration of Y in the sample solution.
(b) What is the percent of Y (w/w) in the sample?
Exercise 2
4.2

0,1
4.3
Premedio
Desvest
4.4

K
4.5
4.6
4.8
Take out that point bcz it’s a little off
Calibrate without and you have this curve
What you have divided by what you take (dilution factors) because it’s on the side left towards right
4.7