What do you mean by armed revolution 2007?

• The autocratic Rana rule that began after the massacre by Junga Bahadur Rana in 2nd Ashwin 1903
B.S continued for 104 years.
• Nine Rana Prime Minister ruled during this autocratic rule.
• They favoured nepotism, and favouritism, and governed as a ‘family rule’.
• So Rana rule is known as autocratic- family rule.
• They consumed national property as private property.
• The administration never became in favour of general public.
• Aghast(shocked and upset) with their behaviour,lack of development , finallythe Mass Revolution
was launched in 2007 BS against the system by Nepali Congress jointly supported by then political
parties, king Tribhuwan and the common citizens.
• The revolution that aimed the abolition of the Rana rule and introduction of a democratic rule in
Nepal is called armed revolution 2007 .
• The common people had no access over education, politics etc.
• Lots of changes were taking place in the world.
• Dictatorial rules were ending in different countries one after another.
• But the Rana rulers were not ready to change themselves according to time.
• This situation compelled the people th launch revolution for their rights and justice.
 Armed revolution 2007
• Majority of population was under poverty line.
• Agriculture was the only sector creating employment then.
• Traditional agriculture was not enough to sustain life.
• The industries and factories were not enough to provide employment opportunity to people.
• Educational institution s were not enough to provide technical and vocational education.
• At the same time, high ranking government posts were reserved only for Ranas.
• Only those elites belonging to Rana family were enjoying luxurious life.
• There was no option except launching revolution against injustice and deprivation.
• After the end of World War II, the wave of democracy and independence movement spread all over
the world.
• Several countries of Asia and Africa got independence from colonial rule.
• India also got independence in 1947 AD.
• Nepalese soldiers who returned from World War II joined in Liberation Army of Nepali Congress.
• The Nepalese students who were in India for their higher study and participated in Indian War of
Independence also returned to Nepal to fight againt the Rana Rule.
 Armed revolution 2007
• When Nepalese people realized that single effort is not enough to bring the change, they
planned to move ahead with group effort.
• Prachanda Gorkha was the first organization established to fight against Rana rule but it
could not run its activities effectively.
• Afterward , “ Nepal Praja Parishad” was a political party established by
• Tanka Prasad Acharya (Chairperson)
• Dashrath Chand (Vice Chairperson)
• Ramhari Sharma (General Secretary)
• Dharmabhakta Mathema and (Founder member)
• Jeevraj Sharma (Founder member)
• At Ombahal , Kathmandu on 20th Jesth, 1993 B.S.
• It was the first political party of Nepal.
• AS this political Party added fuel to the fire in the activities against Rana rule.
• Four brave democratic soldiers (Dharmabhakta, Shukraraj, Gangalal, Dashrath) got
martyrdom on 1997 B.S.
 Armed revolution 2007
• King Tribhuwan was also tortured by Ranas.
• So, he also supported Anti- Rana activities financially and morally.
• Jayatu Sankritam Movement was started by the students of Tindhara Pathsala in 2004 B.S.
• The Nepali Congress and the Communist Party of Nepal were established in 2003 and 2006
B.S respectively.
• The establishment of political parties and beginning of movement widen the Anti- Rana
feeling in common people.
• Along with the rise of political consciousness, common people also joined in different
political parties and movement.
• Some people had witnessed the democratic movements in other countries like India.
• Educational awareness was also increasing gradually in people.
• These factors too led the people to fight for democracy.
 Armed revolution 2007
• There was no unity among the Ranas
• .Chandra Shumsher had divided the Ranas into ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ classes.
• ‘C‘ class Ranas were not included in role of succession.
• So, they also joined in Anti-Rana movements.
 Major Events of Armed revolution 2007
• Bairganiya Conference of the Nepali Congress held on 11 th and 12th Aswin, 2007B.S. decided
to launch armed revolution against Rana rule.
• The movement was declared on 21st Kartik.
• At the same time King Tribhuwan left the Palace and went to the Indian Embassy along with
his family members.
• On 23rd Kartik, 2007 BS, he went to Delhi, India by Indian Air Force helicopter.
• Mohan Shumsher, the then Prime Minister enthroned Gyanendra, four years old grandson of
Tribhuvan.
• He was declared the King of Nepal.
• But this act of Mohan Shumsher was criticized at national and international level.
 Major Events of Armed revolution 2007
• At the same time , the liberation army captured various parts of Nepal under the leadership
of BP Koirala, Suvarna Shumsher, Dr. Kunwar Indrajit Singh and many other freedom
fighters.
• People’s government were formed in the places captured.
• People appealed not to pay tax to Ranas.
• Soon Ranas were limited only within Kathmandu Valley.
• People started to come to street with various slogans the Rana regime in Kathmandu and
other places of Nepal.
• Everywhere people started to oppose the Ranas day by day.
• Many people were arrested but the movement spread more effectively.
 Major Events of Armed revolution 2007
• Finally Mohan Shumsher could not handle the country and requested the Indian government
to arbitrate for a solution
• On the arbitration of Indian government King Tribhuvan, the Ranas and the Nepali Congress
started to negotiate in Delhi.
• Finally, a tripartite agreement was signed between Ranas, King Tribhuvan and Nepali
Congress in Delhi on 1st Falgun, 2007B.S. (12th February, 1951 AD).This is called Delhi
Agreement.
• This agreement ended Rana rule in Nepal.
• After this agreement King Tribhuwan returned to Nepal on 4th Falgun 2007 BS. And made a
declaration of the establishment of democracy in and the end of Rana rule in Nepal on 7 th
Falgun 2007 B.S.(18th Feb 1951 AD)
• In this way, 104 years long Rana rule came to an end and democracy was introduced in
Nepal.
• Thus we observe democracy day on 7th Falgun every year.
•
 Main Provision of Delhi Agreement
• Election of Constituent Assembly to be held to draft a new constitution.
• An interim coalition government with 10 members to be formed (5 members from the Ranas
and 5 members from the Nepali Congress .
• All the powers exercised in “Shree 3” tobe delivered to the King and the King Tribhuvan to be
the legitimate King of Nepal.
• Political prisoners ,except those who are charged of criminal case, to set free without any
condition ,and
• Agitators to hand over their weapons to the government and stop the movement.

•
 Causes of Revolution
• Injustice and suppressive rule of Ranas
• Poverty and unemployment
• Word War II and wave of democracy worldwide
• Establishment of Political Parties and movement
• Increase in political consciousness in people
• Internal clash among Ranas
•
• Or
• Political
• Familial
• Social
• Economic
• International Cause
 Consequences of Revolution
• Foundation of Democratic Practice
• Increase in Public Awareness
• Beginning of Constitutional Process
• Nepal’s exposure in International Arena
• People’s Participation

• Homework
• Explain the major five major causes of Armed Revolution 2007 in your own words.