1. Entamoeba Indentification, Entamoeba histolytica. Disease caused. Amoebiasis or Amoebic dysentry Comments 1. Itis a human parasite that resides in the upper part of the large intestine. 2. It causes the disease called amoebic dysentry or amoebiasis. Nucleus Food vacuoles Plasmalemma Ectoplasm Endoplasm Pséudopodium Ingested bacteria Ingosted red blood cells Fig. 9.1. Entamoeba histolytica, The symptoms of the diseases include abdominal pain, repeated motions with blood and mucus- “The parasite is unicellular and has one pseudopodium,5. There is a single nucleus and a number of food vacuoles. 6. It feeds on red blood corpuscles by damaging the wall of large intestine and reaching the blood capillaries. 7. It produces ulcers and can also reach other body organs. 2. Plasmodium Identification. Plasmodium vivax (Malarial Parasite) Disease caused. Malaria Comments 1. Plasmodium enters human body in sporozoite stage by the bites of female Anopheles mosquito, 2. The sporozoite is spindle shaped and uninucleate organism capable of wriggling movement. 3. The sporozoites infect liver cells and produce cryptomerozoites. The later enter new liver cells and produce metacryptomerozoites. cytoplasm Pellicle Fig, 9.2. Sporozoites of Plasmodium vivax.‘The metacryptomerozoites enter RBCs and passes trophozoite signet ring stage and amoeboid stage and produce schizont and merozoites ‘The merozoites enter fresh RBCs and produce gametocytes. ‘The gametocytes reach into mosquito stomach, when the later sucks the blood of infected w human host. The gametocytes produce male and female gametes in the stomach of mosquito ‘The male and female gametes fuse to form zygote. The later becomes worm like called ookinete, ~ which penetrate in the wall of stomach and form oocyst. ‘The oocyst produce sporozoites which are released in the haemocoel of the mosquito and reach into the salivary gland and make the mosquito infective. Symptoms 1. The symptoms of malaria fever appear about 14 days after the infectious bite 2. Early symptoms include restlessness, less appetite, slight sleeplessness followed by muscular pain, headache and feeling of chilliness.he F atthe eighe In response to chills the body temperature starts rising and may reach 1067] mmperature steadily goes down to normal, til the nex fever. ‘The patient sweats alot and the te: takes place after 48 hours Cytoplasm Schzont \ Nuctei \ / Metacryptomerozoites ver col “A Liver cell Liver sinusoid breaks. ‘\ Metacrypto- Liver cel aa ® merozoites breaks ae 5 ‘ Exoerythrocytie x Red blogs corpuscie- Cryptomerozoites Schizogony JO | ree ae 6 Trophozoite Nuclet Cytoplasm — ‘Schizont Liver cell: § ¥ Signet fing stage /§ OS : Amoeboid stage Schizont Haemozoin ‘granules ‘Schutiner’s dots Rosette stage Nucleus of liver cell Sporozoite—|. Microsporum Identification. Microsporum andouini Disease caused. Ring worm of scalp in children or Dermatomycosis Comments The fine mycelium of the fungus occurs in break in the dermis. ¢ infects hair, where hyphae emerge from the sheath and grow up and down them. phae in the hair put out to the surface fine filaments on which spores are born. € spores are very small and are produced in great numbers. They are readily detached and spread infection. Tinea cape (Pingworm of he scalp) A = B c 1. AL Ringworm, of skin, B. Ringworm of scalp. ringworm (Microsporum andouini).