Factors that led to the Golden era of Islamic

Civilization

 The Prophet’s teachings and model had a

profound effect on his Companions who took
upon the task of preaching Islam and uniting the
people coming under the fold of Islam in
one ummah.
 Expansion of Islamic State under the Rashidun
Khulafa (Rightous Caliphs )
 Expansion of “ Islamic State” under the
Umayyads and the Abbasids
 Sincerity, piety, enthusiasm, commitment,
dedication and taqwa of the early Muslim
 Scholars who looked for their rewards in the
Hereafter.
 Knowledge was perceived as a comprehensive
whole, with empirically derived knowledge
subject to the verification of revealed knowledge.
 Islamic research, experimentation and empirical
investigation were considered acts of ibadah.
 Classical Greek, Syriac, Persian and Indian
works were translated (& edited
from tawhidic perspective!).
 Muslim scholarship and research spread to
medical science, chemistry, astronomy,
mathematics, physics, and other social, natural &
physical sciences.
  Simple living & high thinking
 Amr b’l-mar’f & nahi ‘an’l-munkar(enjoining
good ,eradicating evil)
 Iqamat of ‘adl (establishing /standing for justice)
 As long the Muslims had their forward movement
in probing and thinking, and proved themselves
more creative than others, other nations of the
world followed and imitated them. Islamic thinking
remained the dominant paradigm of the whole
humanity.

Factors that led to the decline of Islamic

Civilization
External Factors

 Colonization
 capitalism
 Nationalism
 Secularism
 Modernity /modernism
Internal Factors
 Mulukiyyah (monarchy & dynastic rule)
 Luxury
 Lack of Rationality and Empiricism
 Lack of Creativity and Ijtihad.
Efforts being made to revive and revitalize the
Islamic Civilization
Efforts are underway to
Understand the unmaking of the Islamic Civilization
Understand the Institutional Transformation
Understand the Modes of Resistance
Understand Civilizational Currents
Understand the West
Understand West’s Understanding of Islam and
Muslims
Understand the Transformed World of the 21st century