CROP PROTECTION POST TEST LEA 2023 SETA 1. The 2 pairs of insect wings, when present, are located in a. The prothorax and mesothorax b.The mesothorax and metathorax . The prothorax and metathorax 4. All segments of the thorax 2. Termites have this type of antenna, a. Geniculate . Filiform 'b. Moniliform 4. Lamellate 3. This type of antennae is found among scarabaeid bectes. 4. Bipectinate . Filifor b. Clavate . Lamellate 4, The setaceous type of antennae is found among 1. Butterfies ¢. Dragonfies ». Grasshoppers 4. Housefies 5. Headlice use this type of legs to anchor themselves on the host a. Grasping . Walking ». Clinging 4. Digging 6. In what type of insect development is the young stage ‘known as a naiad? a. Ametabolous ¢. Paurometabolous b. Hemimetabolous 4d. Holometabolous 7. What type of insect development has larval and pupal stages? a. Ametabolous ¢. Paurometabolous b, Hemimetabolous 4. Holometabolous 8. Which ofthe following rice pests possesses chewing type of mouthparts during the destructive stage? a. Green leafhopper «. Stemborer b. Rice bug 4. Brown planthopper 9. Which is NOT true of ALL insects? a. They have antennae b. They have wings «. They have three body regions 4. They have three pairs of legs 10, This sensory organ is NOT found among insects. ‘2. Mouthpart ©. Cheliera b. Antenna 4. Eve 11. The first segment of the insect antenna a. Scape », Pedicel c. Flagellum 4. Clavola 12. The second segment of the insect antennae a. Scape «. Flagellum b. Pedicel 4. Clavola 13. In the piercing-sucking type of mouthparts, this ‘component cannot be inserted int the host plant, hence it ‘bends when the insect is feeding a. Labrum . Maxilla b. Mandible . Labium 14, In the chewing type of mouthparts, this component cuts and grinds the food a. Labrum . Maxilia 15. In the chewing type of mouthparts this component is immediately behind the mandible, and it holds and pushes the food into the mouth aLabrum ©. Maxilla Mandible 4. Labium 16. This body region bears the legs and the wings of the insect a. Head Abdomen ». Thorax 4. Cephalothorax 17. The basal segment of an insect leg a. Trochanter . Tarsus b. Tibia . Coxa18. The opening to the respiratory system ofan insect a Tympanum ©.Spiracle b.Cere 4. Hypopharyns, 19, This body region bears the genitalia and visceral organs of the insect 4 Head Abdomen b, Thorax, dd. Cephalothorax 20, Head and Thorax combined is called: a Thoracie Cephal 'b, Cephatothorax: «. Idiosoma 4, Cephalic Thorax 21. The following are weeds found in upland areas except: a. Bamyard grass «. Spindie top b. Goose grass d. Spiny amaranth 22. A monocot weed is one with: a. Fibrous root system and leaves having paralie venation, b. Taproot system and leaves having netted venation, o, Fibrous root sys'em and leaves with netted venation, 4d, Taproot system and leaves having parallel venation. 23, More than 95% of the weeds that infest erops come from ‘Neighboring farms through isigation water, Neighboring farms brought by wind The soil d All of the above 24, Which ofthe following affect the degree of weed- human beings. c. small animais all of the above 27. Allelopathic plants are these that secrete substances a. That enhance or inhibit germination and growth of neighboring plants. b. That inhibit germination and growth of other plants. ¢, That prevent the flowering of neighboring plants. all of the above 28, Identification of weeds at the seedling stage is quite difficult because: ‘a. Weeds belonging to the same family are very similar in appearance at this stage. b, Weeds cannot be easily seen due to their small size. . Weeds tend to grow taller than crops 4d. Weeds do not grow at this time. 29,Which among the following weed species reproduces by seed alone? a. Commelina difasa ¢. Pistia stratiotes >, Chromolacna odorata 4. Synedrellanodifiora 30, Which among the following weeds are spread easily by wind? 4. Echinochloa glabrescens C. Tridax procumbens 1b, Mimosa pudica . Sphenociea zeylanica 31. integrated Pest Management does not encourage a, Combination of two or more control measures b. Optimization of control methods ¢. Utilization of natural mortality factors 4. Frequent, non-judicious use of pesticides 32, Refers to the ability to endure pest attack without suffering from significant loss of yield tolerance b antibiosis| . non-preferenee 4. hypersensitive 33, Pest control method that includes tacties eausing pests to ‘contribute to the destruction of their own species. a, Autocidal Control b, Biological Control ¢ Behavioral Control Genetic control 34. tis a type of host resistance where inseets exhibit abnormal development when they feed on sesistant host a. Non-preference b. Tolerance ©. Antibiosis Horizontal resistance35. Refers to the control of pest by living organisms under either natural or atificial circumstances a. Cultural Controi ¢. Behavioral Control ». Biological Control 4 mechanical control 36. Refers to pest whose population equilibrium is always above the economic threshold level. a. Key pests ». Occasional pests «. Potential pests 4. Minor pests 37. Refers to the level of pest population or injury, which indicates potential danger. a. Economic Threshold Level ’. Economic injury Level cc. Waming Threshold Level 4. Action Threshoid Level 38. Principle of crop protection where the host is manipulated to resist pest attack. a. Protection . Immunization b. Host evasion 4. Avoidance 39. Imeraction between two organisms where both are adversely affected is called ». parasitism . symbiosis 40. IL is a phase in the sequential development of erop protection (according to Smith, 1969) which is characterized by serious pest outbreaks due to excessive use of pesticides and finally the collapse of pest control program. a. Crisis Phase cc. Exploitation Phase b. integrated Pest Control 4. Disaster Phase 41. A concoction of lime, copper sulfate and water which hhad been accidentally found to possess fungicidal activity a. lime sulfur . Bordeaux mixture -opper fungicide 4. Paris Green 42. The principle of pest exclusion means a. getting rid of a pest once itis introduced in an area, ». killing pest inside host . keeping pest away from the host 4. shielding host from pest through physical or chemical 43. Itrefers to the population or injury level of pest where a pest control method should be initiated in order to prevent significant economic loss a. economic injury level (EIL) «. waming threshold level ». economic threshold level 4. damage threshold level 44. The foliowing atributes of modem agriculture aggravates pest and disease problems continuous monoculture b.use of high yielding varieties (HYVs) ¢. excessive use of chemical inputs -all ofthe above 45. Legal actions intended to exelude potential pests and to prevent spread of those already present «. eradication ». containment «. suppression 4. quarantine 46. Which of the following is not an insecticide a. Endrin ’. Malathrin . Cypermethrin 4d. Permethrin, 47. Wnich of the following is a systemic fungicide a. Metalaxy! . Captan . Mancozeb d. Chiorothalonil 48. Which of the following crop is a heavy user of fungicide worldwide 2. Grape . Banana b. Apple 4d. Citrus 49, Which ofthese pesticide groups is excessively used in the Philippines a. Fungicides Herbicides b. insecticides 4. Nematicides 50. Effective physical pest control action a. Bagging b. Hand picking, ¢. Herding d. Flooding 51. An epidemic is more likely to occur when 1. there is monocropping of a single variety over a wide area b. plants are predisposed by excessive fertilization or injuries«. the environment is favorable for disease development all of the above 52. The prevention ofa new pathogen fiom being introduced into. locality where it is currently unknown to oecuris the principle of a. Protection «. Eradicatione bb. Exetusion 4. immunization 53. Bstabishment of physical or chemical batiers to avoid contact of the pathogen and the crop is the principle of a. Exclusion . Eradication ¢. Protection 4 Irmmunization 54. The principle that aims to eliminate pathogens that have become established in an area a, Exclusion b, Eradication © Protection Immunization 35. Modification of certain physiological or physical ‘eatuzes ofthe host so that it can repel infeetion, as in breeding for disease resistance. a. Exelusion ¢. Protection ». Eradication 4. Immunization 56. A highly effective fungicide accidentally diseovered by Pierre Marie Alexis Millardet in October 1982 is a. Bordeaux mixture copper sulfate copper chloride . Mancozeb 57. Rice tungro can be effectively managed by application of insecticide. In this case, disease management is achieved through reduction in the initial amount of inoculum > reduction in the rate of inoculum production controlling the vector d.all of the above 58, An air pollutant is any factor mediated by the atmosphere that causes an unwanted effect. Which is mot an air pollutant? a. ethylene cement dust b nitrogen oxide 4 chicken dung 59. The presence of ooze fiom the infected tissue isa sign of a fingal ©. nematode b. bacterial 4. virus 60. The components of the disease pyramid are a. pathogen, host, environment, time >. pathogen, host, environment, time, human intervention pathogen, host, environment 4. pathogen, host, environment, time, resources 61. The famous downy mildew of com (Peronosclerospora Philippinensis) can be effectively controlled by a. rouging of infected plants b, seed treatment with Apron® ¢. detasseling 4. good fertilization 62. In disease assesstnent, this isthe proportion of plant tunis diseased in relation to the total number of units examined a. seventy b. yield Loss ¢. incidence spread 63. This isa phenomenon where the pathogen spreads to and affects many individuals within the population over a relatively large area within a short period of time. a plague epidemic © epidemiology 4. pandemic 664. The widespread distribution of lubroot disease of cabbage in the Mountain Province can be attributed to a. wet and lnumid condition in the area bi. the poor fertility ofthe soil the elevation of the farms e.none of the above 665. Coconut planting materials from the Bicol region are subjected under quarantine to manage this disease a, coconut bud rot , bunehy top «©. cadang-cadang discase 4. bugtok 66, Fallowing the field can control diseases in crops by a. reducing the rate of disease spread b. reducing the amount of initial inoculum, ©. both a and b 4. reducing the symptom expression67. Some diseases may not be visible when the fruit is still ‘unripe but begin to manifest its symptoms when ripening hhas commenced. This is exemplified by a, stem end rot of avocado . Soft rot of carrots ». seab of citrus d. fruit blotch of watermelon (68. Geneticists and plant breeders may change the disease reaction ofa plant to make it resistant to a pathogen. This principle is called 1. disease resistance b. Immunization ¢. Disease avoidance 4. Disease counter measure 669. A mango contractor from Santa Barbara, Pangasinan Mr. Juan and MARLENE INOSORIA, use a combination of Botanical and fungus Growth Regulator, BIFGR, to spray ‘mango trees 5 sprays during the mango season. The couple use one liter bottle of BIFGR that costs Php 1400.00 per liter and 6 liters of MBA 54 that cost Php 25.00 per liter. How much is the total cost to spray 3 big century old ‘mango trees ifthe 3 trees require 200 liters per spray for the entire mango season that require 5 sprays? A. Php2583.33 B. Php 1800.00 C. Php 2583. 50 D. Php 2500.00 70. MBA 54 With, VERMICAST plus MYCORRHIZA, a li, fertilizer, semi-concentrate solution cost Php 25.00 per liter and it only requires 6 liters per drum of 200 liters to prepare ready-to-use solution for applying liquid, foliar organic fertilizer to mango trees. If three, 3. big century old mango tree ean be sprayed with 200 liters how much will the ‘mango farmer spend on MBA 54 per mango per spraying period. A. Php 50.00 B. Php 130.00 ©. Php 45.50 D. PhP 150.00 71. What plant disease that cause illness and death to people and livestock by a fungus that attacks the flowers and cereal of wheat, barley and rye? The fruiting body is known as SCLEROTIA that contains alkaloids which have a powerful action on the nervous system, A. Ergot B. Moko C. aflatoxin D. mariotte 72. What pest caused the death of one-fourth of the population during the reign of Marcus Aurelius and his son ‘Commodus in Rome? A. Mosquitoes that cause malaria B. Rats that cause plague ‘C. Cockroaches that caused stomach disorders and vomiting and dehydration . Flies that cause cholera 73. The pest population density where the cost of control is, ‘much higher than the expected cost of harvest of the protected c «Equilibrium level b.Bconomic threshoid level 4. Damage level 74, A modem approach to minimize damage by pests with the ultimate goal of population management rather than ‘eradication 4, Integrated pesticide management b. Integrated pest management . Pest control strategies d. Pesticide management 75. A control method whereby synthetic toxic substances or bioactive plant products are used to combat pest population a. Use of resistant varieties ‘¢. Chemical control b.Cultural control 4. Biological control 76, An unwanted organism which competes with man for food and shelter or threatens their health, comfort or welfare a. Pest ©. Weed be Insect 4. Pathogen 71. A serious pest species that occurs perennialiy & regularly limits crop productivity 4. Occasional pest b. Key pest ¢. Potential pest 4. Destructive pest 78. A pest that occurs at infrequent intervals and causes economic damage only at a certain time and place a. Occasional pest . Key pest ©. Chronie pest 4. Potential pest 79. A kind of pest that has no significant damage under prevailing agro-ecosystem but might bring about damage with ‘a change in erop and cultural practices a. Occasional pest b. Key pest ¢. Potential pest 4. Chronie pest80. The relative amount of heritable qualities in plants that influences the ultimate degree of damage by the pest. a, Host plant resistance © Tolerance bunsecticide resistance Antibiosis 81, The man-directed control of insect pests by employing the use of natural enemies a, Mechanical control Cultural control ¢. Biological control «d_Autocidal control 82. A control method that utilizes suitable agronomie practices to reduce pest population Mechanical control ». Cultural controt €. Biological control 4. Genetic control 83. The team given for crop destruction, injury or loss of value caused by the feeding activity of diferent pests 4 Charaeteristic damage b, Pest infestation © Threshold 4 Damage indicator 84, A kind of damage caused by the feeding of an insect through the removal of plant sap or plant parts in contrast With the damage caused by disease-transmitting insects, 4 indirect damage . Direot damage © Damage indicator 4, Action threshold 85. The pest density at which artificial control measures should be applied to prevent pest population increase or pest outbreak ‘a, Beonomic injury level ©, Beonomic threshold level b. Equilibrum level 4. Satiation level 86. A toxic substance which is readily available and kills pest instantly allnsecticide Rodenticide . Pesticides d. Weedicide 87. An inseet that feeds on a mumber of unrelated species of plants a Polyphagous insect ©. Monophagous insect b, Phytophagous imsect 4. Entomophagous insect 88. A biological control agent that consumes many preys in its lifetime a. Parasite «. Predator b. Vector dSymbionts 89. The collective term for parasitic and predatory insects a Phytophagous insects ©. Polyphagous insect +, Entomophagous insects Phagocytic insects 90.A biological control oyganism that usually lives inside the body ofits host and consumes only one host to complete its life eyele Parasite ©. Vector bi. Predator 4 Pathogen 91. The symptom of stemborer damage during the reproductive stage of the rice plant characterized by the appearance of whole panicles of unfilled grains Dead heart . Wilting . Whitehead d. Mosaic 92. The symptom of yellowing and wilting of the youngest leafs a result of feeding by the stemborer larvae during the vegetative stige of the rice plant 4. Deadheart «. Leafrolling b. Whitehead 4. Rotting 93. The growth stage/s ofthe rice plant that is/are most preferred by the rice bug a. Negative stage b, Soft dough stage © Milk stage 4. Both Band C 94, The most destructive avian pest that attacks riee and other small grains «a. Philippine weaver «. Philippine oriole ». Philippine eagle 4. Philippine bird 95. A vertebrate pest which is a perennial problem in crop ‘production and which usually demands @ unified, ‘coordinated and sustained community action for its effective control a. Birds b Snakes . Rodents,4d. Crocodile 96, A serious pest of com that attacks all parts of the plant except the roots a.Cutworm ¢. Com-semi-looper b. Comstalk borer 4. Com-borer 97. A Homopteran inseet pest that transmits the tungro virus disease a.Brown planthopper cc. Whitebacked planthopper b. Green leathopper 4. Zigzag leafnopper 98. Substances, such as sex pheromones, that lure insects and can be used as a means of control a. Anti-feedants e. Repellants ». Attractants d. Chemo-sterilants 99, Includes all adverse effects exerted by the plant on the insect survival, development and reproduction 1. Antibiosis ». Host evasion . Tolerance 4. Non-preference 100. The toxic component of a pesticide a. Diluent b. Inert ingredient . Active ingredient Surfactant 101. An insecticide that is absorbed by and translocated in the plant and the insect acquire the poison through feeding a. Contact insecticide ». Stomach insecticide ©. Systemic insecticide . Surfactant 102. A liquid pesticide formulation that docs not dissolve in ‘water but is dissolved in organic solvents. a. Emulsifiable concentrate b. Dust «c. Aqueous concentrate d. Aerosols 103. A solid pesticide formulation applied undiluted where the active ingredient is combined with inert ingredients such as clay to form particles about the size of coarse sugar a. Dust b. Water soluble powder . Wettable powder 4. Granule 104, Pesticide category symbolized by a red band and skull and crossbones Category | «Category Ill b. Category It 4. Category IV 105. Which is NOT an expression of active unit in pesticide Jabels? a. percent bgkg ¢. mi or piter 4. ppm 106. A universally accepted name given a pesticide by an appropriate professional organization a. Trade name . Common name 4. Proprietary name b. Brand name 107. Who is credited for laying the foundation of chemical ‘contol of plant diseases? 4 Millardet b. Vanderplank ©. Robinsons d. Bourdeaux 108. What is/are the first disease’s to be studied in the country? a. TobaccoMosaic Virus, ». Leaf blight of com and downy mildew of com ¢. HemileiavastatrixandPhytopthora palmivora 4. Cadang-cadang of coconut and Fuserium oxysporum 109. Who is the first head of the Department of Plant Pathology at UP College of Agriculture? a. EB.Copeland Charles Baker ©. CB. Robinson 4. Otto Reinking 110. Who is the * Dean of a. LeopoldoUlichaneo b. Gerardo Ocfemia c. VietoriaBla 4, Jose Exeonde jino Plant Pathology” 111. Tes arf aeration ofthe normal physiology and biochemical development ofa plant? 2. Pathology b. Saprogenesis. c. Disease 4. Pathogenesis112. This refers to the quantitative amount of disease that an {isolate of a given pathogen can cause in a group of plants. a, Virulence b. Aggressiveness © Susceptibility Tolerance 113. tis a symptom expressed by the occurrence of excessive multiplication, enlargement or overdevelopment of plant omans. a. Hypoplastiesymptoms b. Hyperplastie symptoms ¢, Necrotiesymptoms none of the above 114, Iisa term applied to the sudden death of young buds, inflorescence or young fruits a. Abscission », Blast ¢. Bleeding 4. Blight 115. Itis the rotting of seedlings prior to emergence or rotting of seediing stems at an area just above the soil ine a. Curling b, Damping off ©. Die-back 4. Bliolation 116. is an often sunken neerotic area with cracked border that may appear in leaves, tus, stems andl branches a. Blotch . Callus «©. Canker 4. Chlonosis 117. [tis the disintegration and decomposition of host sue a. Pitting », Rosetting Rotting 4. Russeting 118, Iisa slightly raised, rough, uleer-ike lesions due to the overgrowth of epidermal and cortical tissue accompanied ‘with rupturing and suberization of cell walls a, Spot b. Scab «, Stripe 4. Wiling 119. This refers to the structures ofthe pathogen that are found associated with the infected plant part Symptoms b. Signs ¢. KocksPostulate 4. Pathogenesis 120. Causal agent of'soft rot of vegetables Pseudomonas solanace arum b. Pectobacterium carotovorum ‘anthomonaes campestris pw. campestris d. Pseudomonas synngae py Glyeinea 121, Causal agent of bacterial wilt of tomato 4, Pectobacterium carolovorum ©. Raistonia solanacearum b. Xanthomonas vesicatoria d, Pseudomonas syringe pv Syringae 122. Causal agent of bacterial blight of rice a. Xanthomonas oryeae py. oryzicola b. Xanthomonas oryzae pw: oryzae Xanthomonas saechart 4d. Xanthomonas campestris 123, Causes fire blight of apples and pears a. Erwinia amylovora . Erwinia carotovora ‘b. Erwinia chrysanthemi d. Ernia steward 124, Not found in the cell envelope of Gram positive bacteria a.innereytoplasmie membrane >. outer membrane peptidoglycan layer 4. periplasmic space 125, Metabolic pathway that converts glucose to pymavate a. glycolysis ¢. hydrolysis b. gluconeogenesis 4. photosynthesis 126. Also called the Citric Acid Cycle a. ketogintaric acid eyele D. fmaric acid eyele ¢.tricarbaxvlic acid eyele . succinic acid eyele 127. Onganisms that can use carbon dioxide as their sole principal source of carbon utotrophs blithotrophs « neterotropns 4. organotrophs 128. Organisms that use reduced, preformed organic molecules as carbon source .autotrophs «.heterotrophs , protoirophs 4. auxotrophs129, A micronutrient that is needed by bacteria in small amount ‘a carbon b. nitrogen ‘c. manganese 4. phosphorus 130. A microbial product other than an enzyme which causes ‘obvious damage to plant tissues, and which is known with reasonable confidence to be involved in disease development a phytoalexin ». phytotoxin cutin <4 suberin 131. Hyperauxiny is the accumulation of unusually high concentrations of cytokinin b. ethylene .giberttin 4. indole acetic acid 132, Hormone involved in fruit ripening cytokinin b. giberillin «ethylene 4. indole acetic acid 133. Clustering of roots, fiowers, fruits or twigs around a common focus 2. hypertrophy «. hyperplasia bepinasty 4. fasciaton 134, A plant overgrowth due to abnormal cell enlargement ‘hypertrophy . hyperplasia .epinasty 4. fasciation 135. Fungi like Aspergillus flavus and 4. parasiticus infecting cereal and legume seeds produce a carcinogenic toxin which is a. mycotoxin «. fumonisin b. aflatoxin 4. tabtoxin 136. Which among the following phyla belongs to the kingdom of true fungi a. Oomycota ¢. Myxomycota b. Zygomycota 4. Plasmodiophoromycota 137. Fungi belonging to Class Oomycetes are commonly called the a.nust fungi ¢. powdery mildew fungi ». plasmodiophoroid fungi 4d. downy mildew fungi 138. A known non-spore forming fungus is a. Fusarium ©. Rhizoctonia b. Aspergillus 4. Pyricularia 139. The asexual stage of fungi is also known as the apleomorph stage c. teliomorph stage ». anamorph stage 4. holomorph stage 140. The fungal inocula that initiate rust disease outbreak in the tropies are the a. uredospores «. basidiospores b.teliospotes 4. acciospores 141. A fungus merely covering the surface of the plant without necessarily parasitizing it a. sooty mold b. slime mold ©. powdery mold d. grey mold 142. From the site of inoculation, plant viruses spread through the plant in a slow cell-to-cell spread through the a. stomata b. xylem . plasmodesmata dd. phioem 143. Which of the following is a barrier to virus movement through the plant ‘a, movement from the first infected cell ’b, movement out of parenchyma celis into vascular tissues ¢. movement out of the vascular tissue into the parenchyma, ofan invaded leaf 4. movernent out of the stylet of the vector among epidermal cells of the plant 144. Which virus would most ikely survive? 4. Virus that kill its host plants with a rapidly developing systemic disease a virus that causes only mild or moderate disease that allows the plant to survive and reproduce effectively . viru that will not infect and cause any disease 4. virus not does not replicate in plants145, Which of the following would not contribute to plant virus disease epitiemies? a. presence of active and mobile veetors b, planting of susceptible hosts ‘e. monoeropping 4. multicropping 146, Roguing as a virus disease contol strategy is Worthwhile or effective if disease spread ais occurring rapidly relative to the lifetime of the erop b is occurring slowly relative to the lifetime of the erop ¢. is occurring simultaneously on several hosts dis occurring at random 147.A seed infected with a virus is un important source of | infection since the seed introduces a. the virus into the crop at a very eatly stage b, a concentrated foci of infection throughout the crop, ¢. the vinis into the crop at all stages of the crop, the vinus into the erop at alate stage. 148. Which of the following modiates the synthesis of RNA froma viral RNA template? a. DNA dependent DNA polymerase b. DNA dependent RNA polymerase ¢. RNA dependent RNA polymerase RNA dependent DNA polymerase 149, The study of the reaction of the antibody and antigen in. vitro is called 2 Immunology , serology’ Hematology «. Virology 150. With the use of insecticides to control a persistently transmitted plant virus, the following is/are not expected effects a, reduetion of total inoculum b, reduction of disease spread ¢ reduction of total inseet vector population dno reduction of disease spread GOODLUCK!T-.