Addressing Startup — Use of Flow Measurement - In some cases automatic control may be designed to continue even when a flow measurement used during normal operations is not usable at the low flow rates encountered during process startup. « Example: Boiler Drum Level Steam BoilerPID Function Block - Bypass + Bypass is a standard feature of the PID block in Foundation Fieldbus devices and in some control systems. When bypass is enabled then the setpoint value is passed direction to the valve — automatically taking into account scaling, control action (direct/reverse) , and valve setup (increase open/close)Challenge — Procedure Automation on Pon oor fob God 4 - The installed characteristics of a regulation valve may be non-linear. Thus, tuning that was established at normal operating conditions may be significantly different that required for automatic control at low flow rates. + Control may be unstable at low flow rates because of the change in process gain introduced by the non- linear installed characteristic. Thus, it is quite common for a significant number of control loops to be placed in Manual during startup. - After normal throughput is established then control loops may be placed back in Automatic.