Group 5 UNIT V

CONDUCTING A TEST OF HYPOTHESIS

ABOUT A POPULATION MEAN INVOLVING
LARGE SAMPLE
TESTING HYPOTHESIS

LESSON 5.2
Group 5 LESSON 5.2

TESTING HYPOTHESIS

LESSON OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, You should be able to:

Conduct a Conduct a
large-sample large-sample
Enumerate
test of test of
the hypothesis hypothesis
elements of about a about a
population population of
the test of
mean using the mean using
hypothesis critical value the p-value
apporach approach
Group 5 LESSON 5.2

BASIC CONCEPTS
In a test of hypothesis, the probability of committing a
Type I error, denoted by α (alpha), is called the
significance level. The significance level is defined as the
quality of being statistically significant. The level of
significance is usually a small number, such as 0.01, 0.05,
and 0.10. This indicates the probability that we are wrong
in rejecting a null hypothesis that is true.
Group 5 LESSON
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS:
5.2

A directional test is also called one- tailed (or one-sided) statistical test.
This test specifies in the alternative hypothesis that the population mean μ is
greater than (>) or is less than (<) a particular value.

> greater than, above, higher than, longer than, bigger than, and increased

< less than, below, lower than, smaller that, shorter than, and decreased from
A nondirectional test is called a two-tailed (or two-sided) test. A
nondirectional test uses the relation ≠ in the alternative hypothesis and shows
no particular interest in a greater than or a less than relation between the
population values.
≠ not equal, different from, changed from, not the same as, did not
ONE-TAILED
a. H : u>250
b. H : u<250

TWO-TAILED

c. H : u≠250
 Group 5 UNIT V

EXAMPLES:
1. The mean height of grade 12 students is less than 66
inches. one-tailed test
2. The standard deviation of their height is not equal to 5
inches. two-tailed test
3. Male Grade 7 and Grade 12 students differ in height on
average. two-tailed test
4. The proportion of senior male students' height is
significantly higher than that of senior male students. one-tailed test
5. The average of Grade 11 in statistics is lower than their
average grade in Calculus. one-tailed test
Group 5 Lesson
5.2

TESTING HYPOTHESIS

NULL AND ALTERNATIVE

HYPOTHESES
 GROUP 5 LESSON
5.2
HYPOTHESIS- assumption or conjecture about a
population parameter which may
or may not be true
TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS: Ho Ha
1. Null Hypothesis (Ho)- a statement that claims that
there is no significant difference between two variables.
= ≠
2. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha)- is the inverse of null ≥ <
hypothesis.
≥ >
WHAT ONE-SAMPLE TEST TO USE?
Z-test, if population standard deviation is known and n≥30.
T-test, if population standard deviation is unknown and n<30.
 GROUP 5 LESSON
5.2

EXAMPLE 1

According to a 2011 survey, Filipinos spent an average

amount of ₱150,000 anually on housing wth ₱9,000
standard deviation. A suburban community claims that
their residents did not spend ₱150,000. The community
used 48 residents, they found that these residents spent
an annual average of ₱155,500. Is there a sufficient
evidence to claim at 0.05 level of significance?
 GROUP 5 LESSON
5.2

EXAMPLE 2

A researcher claims that the average salary of a

private scholl teacher is greater than ₱40,000
with a standard deviation of ₱7,500. A sample
of 35 teachers has mean salary of ₱42,000. At
0.05 level of significance, test the claim of the
researcher.
 GROUP 5 LESSON
5.2

EXAMPLE 3

A study shows that the average daily coffee

consumption of 25-35 years old students is 4 cups
per day. A university claims that their students tend
to drink less than 4 cups. They selected 18 students
and found a mean of 3.5 with a standard deviation of
1.8 cups. Use 0.01 level of significance to test their
claim.