Chapter 2

1. Ac collection of well defined distinct objects is called

(a) Set (b) Sequence (c) Domain (d) Function
2. The method of describing a set in words is called
(a) Descriptive method (b) Tabular method
(c) Set builder notation (d) None of these
3. If a set is described by listing the elements within braces, this method of describing a set is called
(a) Descriptive method (b) Tabular method
(c) Set builder notation (d) None of these
4. The method of describing a set by stating common property of each element is called.
(a) Descriptive method (b) Tabular method
(c) Set builder notation (d) None of these
5. The symbol used for the membership of a set is
(a) ∉ (b) ⊂ (c) ∈ (d) ⊆
6. The number of ways to describe a set are
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
7. “The set of first five natural numbers” is written in
(a) Descriptive method (b) Tabular method
(c) Set builder notation (d) All of these
8. Which one of the following is the set of integers ?
(a) {1 , 2 ,3 … ….. } (b) {0 ,1 , 2 ,3 … … .. } (c) {−1 ,−2 ,−3 … … ..} (d)

{0 ,± 1 ,± 2 , ±3 … … .. }
9. Two sets A and B having same elements are called
(a) Equal sets (b) Empty Sets (c) Disjoint sets (d) Overlapping sets
10. Two sets A and B are said to be equivalent if
(a) (1 – 1 ) Correspondence can be established between them
(b) The number of elements in both set is same
(c) Both have the same elements (d) All of these
11. Two sets N and O are
(a) Equal (b) Equivalent (c) Disjoint (d) None over lapping
12. Two sets A and B are said to be equal if
(a) A ⊆ B and B ⊆ A (b) A is an improper subset B
(c) A and B have same elements (d) All of these
13. A set having no element is called
(a) singleton set (b) Null Set (c) Universal Set (d) Superset
14. The set [ xIx∈ N∧x <1] is a
(a) singleton set (b) Null Set
(c) Set having two elements (d) Superset
15. If A ⊆ B and B ⊆ A then
(a) A−B=¿ φ (b) B− A=¿ φ (c) A ∪ B=B ∪ A (d) All of these
16. If every element of set A is contained in the set B then
(a) A=B (b) A⊇B (c) A⊃B (d) A⊆ B

17. The set of odd integers between 2 and 4 is

(a) Null Set (b) Singleton superset (c) Superset (d) Universal Set
18. The set of even integers between the same number is
(a) Null Set (b) Singleton superset (c) Superset (d) Universal Set
2
19. The solution set of the equation x + 1 = 0 , in the set of real numbers is
(a) Null Set (b) Singleton superset (c) Superset (d) Finite of these
20. The set {0} is a
(a) Null Set (b) Singleton superset (c) Superset (d) Infinite set
21. If A is the subset of B then B is called
(a) Superset of A (b) Proper subset of A (c) subset of A (d) All of these
22. Which one of the following is true ?
(a) N⊂W⊂Z⊂Q⊂R (b) N⊂Z⊂Q⊂R (c) N⊃W⊃Z⊃Q (d) All of these
23. If A is subset of B and B contains at least one element which is not contained in A then B is called ?
(a) Super set of A (b) Superset of B (c) Subset of A (d) None of these
24. If A ⊆ B then
(a) x ∈ A ⟹x ∉ B (b) x ∉ A ⟹x ∈ B (c) x ∈ A ⟹x ∈ B (d) x ∈ A ⟹x ∈ A
25. The set containing all the possible subsets of A is called
(a) Power set (b) Subset (c) superset (d) All of these
26. Every set is a subset of
(a) Every set (b) Itself (c) N (d) All of these
27. If [a,b] then P(A) = ?
(a) [φ,{a}.{a, b}] (b) [φ,{a}.,{b}.{a, b}](c) [φ,{a, b}] (d) All of these
28. The power set of an empty set is
(a) Empty (b) Non Empty (c) Z (d) All of these
29. If E={} then P(E) = ?
(a) {} (b) φ (c) { φ,{ } } (d) None of these
30. If n(S) = m then n (P(S)) = ?
(a) 2n (b) 2m (c) 2n+m (d) 25
31. The set of real numbers R = ?
(a) N∪Z (b) N∪Z (c) Q∪Q (d) Q∪Z
32. The set of integers is a subset of
(a) N (b) Q (c) P (d) Q’
33. The set of rational numbers is a subset of
(a) N (b) W (c) R (d) Z
34. If A ⊂ Band A ≠ B then
(a) A is a proper subset of B (b) A is an improper subset of B
(c) A and B are overlapping sets (d) A and B are disjoint
35. { φ} is
(a) Empty set (b) Singleton Set (c) Universal set (d) Null set
36. The set of rational numbers between 3 and 10 is
(a) Finite (b) Infinite (c) Empty (d) Subset
37. The set of real numbers between 0 and 1 is
(a) Finite (b) Infinite (c) Empty (d) Universal Set
38. Which of the following set s finite ?
(a) P(N) (b) {1,2,3…….} (c) {1,2,3…….100000}(d) {xl’ ∈Q −1< x<1 }
39. Which of the following sets in infinite ?
(a) {xlx ∈ R ∧ x ≠ x } (b) {xlx ∈ R ∧ x 2=−16 }
(c) {xlx ∈ Q∧ x 2=−5 } (d) {xlx ∈ Q∧ 0 ≤ x ≤ 1}
40. A set which has no proper subset is
(a) Empty set (b) Singleton set (c) Finite set (d) None of these
41. The power set of an empty set contains
(a) No element (b) One element (c) Two element (d) Three element
42. Which of the following sentence is true ?
(a) φ⊆{ { a } } (b) { a } ⊆{ { a } } (c) φ ∈ {{ a } } (d) φ=⊆{( a ) }
43. The number of elements in the power set of {a,{b,c}} are
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
44. The number of elements in the power set of { {a,b} , {b,c} , {d,e}} are
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
45. The power set of {φ }

(a) {φ } (b) { } (c) { {φ} , φ} (d) { {}}

46. Which one is not the proper subset of {a,b,c}
(a) {a,b} (b) {a,c} (c) {a,b,c} (d) φ
47. The tabular form of the set {xlx ∈ R ∧ x ≠ 2 } is
(a) Z - {2} (b) R - {2} (c) R + {2} (d) R
48. Two sets {a,b,c} and {1,2,3} are
(a) Equal (b) Equivalent (c) Infinite (d) Subset
49. The set of angles of a quadrilateral ABCD and the set of the sides of the same quadrilateral are
(a) Equal (b) Equivalent (c) Infinite (d) Empty sets
50. The sets {5, 10, 15 …….5555} and {5, 10, 15, 20, ……} are
(a) Equal (b) Equivalent (c) Infinite (d) None of these
51. If A ⊆ Bthen
(a) A ∪ B=B (b) B⊏ A (c) B⊑ A (d) A−B= A
52. If A ∩ B = φ then the sets are
(a) Equal (b) Overlapping (c) Finite (d) Disjoint
53. If A ∩ B≠ φ but neither A ⊑ B nor B ⊑ A then A and B are
(a) Equal (b) Overlapping (c) Finite (d) Disjoint
54. Two sets A and B are over lapping if
(a) A ∪ B=φ (b) A B=φ (c) A−B=φ (d) B− A=φ
55. Two complement of a set A is
(a) A’ (b) Ac (c) U −A (d) All of these
56. If A ∩ B=φ then n(A ∪ B ¿ = ?
(a) n( A) (b) n(B) (c) n( A)+ n(B) (d) n( A ∩ B)
57. If A ⊆ B then
(a) A∩B=A (b) A∪B=A (c) n(A ∪B)=n(b) (d) All of these
58. A ∩ B = A, then n(A∩ B) = ?
(a) n( A) (b) n(B) (c) n ( A ∪ B )=n (B) (d) n ( A ∪ B)
59. A ∩ B = B, then n(A∩ B) = ?
(a) n( A) (b) n(B) (c) n ( A ∪ B )=n (B) (d) n ( A ∪ B)

60. A−B = A then

(a) A=B (b) A ∩ B=φ (c) A ∪ B=φ (d) A ∩ A=φ
61. A−B= A , thenn ( A ∩ B )=?
(a) n( A) (b) n(B) (c) n ( A ) −n( B) (d) 0

62. A−B=φ then n( A−B)=?

(a) n( A) (b) n(B) (c) 0 (d) Infinite
63. For any set A ∪ φ=?
(a) A (b) φ (c) R (d) Z
64. A−B=φ , then n ( A−B )=?
(a) n( A) (b) n ( A ) +n (B) (c) n ( A ) −n( B) (d) None of these
65. For any set A ∩ φ = ?
(a) A (b) φ (c) R (d) U
66. For any set A −¿ φ=?
(a) A (b) φ (c) R (d) U
67. Which of the following is false ?
(a) A∪U=U (b) A∩U=U (c) U – φ= A (d) A – φ= A
68. Which of the following is false ?
(a) A∪U=U (b) A∩U=U (c) U – φ= U (d) A – φ= A
69. For any set U – A = φ If
(a) A=U (b) A∩U =φ (c) A⊆U (d) None of these
70. (A – B )c ∩ B ⊆ ?
(a) A (b) B (c) A–B (d) B–A
71. Which of the following is not true
(a) φ ∩φ = φ (b) φ∪ φ = φ (c) A∪φ=φ (d) A∩ φ = φ
72. If A and B are two sets then union of A and B is denoted by
(a) A∩B (b) A∪B (c) B⊆A (d) A⊆B
73. If A and B are two sets then intersection of A and B is denoted by
(a) A∩B (b) A∪B (c) B⊆A (d) A⊆B
74. If A is a subset of a universal set A then ( A ’)’ = ?
(a) A (b) φ (c) A’ (d) U
75. φ=?
(a) A (b) φ (c) A’ (d) U
76. A–φ=?
(a) A (b) φ (c) A’ (d) φ’
77. φ–A=?
(a) A (b) φ (c) A’ (d) φ’
78. The method of drawing conclusion on the basis of few observations is called
(a) Deduction (b) Induction (c) Proposition (d) Knowledge
79. To draw conclusion from accepted or well known facts is called
(a) Deduction (b) Induction (c) Proposition (d) Knowledge
80. Deductive logic in which every statement is regarded true of false and there is no other possibility is called
(a) Deduction (b) Induction (c) Proposition (d) Knowledge
81. Logic in which there is scope for third or fourth possibility is called
(a) Proposition (b) logic (c) Aristololian Logic(d) Non-Aristololian logic
82. The statement which is considered to be true without any proof is called
(a) Proposition (b) logic (c) Aristololian Logic(d) Non-Aristololian logic
83. If statement P is false then its negation
(a) P is false (b) P is false (c) P is false (d) None of these
84. If p and G are two statements then their conjunction is denoted by
(a) p∧q (b) p ∧q (c) p ∨q (d) p∨q
85. If p and G are two statements then their disjunction is denoted by
(a) pGq (b) p ∧q (c) p ∨q (d) p∨q
86. The conjunction p ∧q is true if
(a) P is true (b) q is true (c) P and q are true (d) P or q are true
87. A declarative statement which may be true of false but not both is called
(a) Deduction (b) Induction (c) Proposition (d) Knowledge
88. The conjunction p∧q is false if
(a) P is true (b) q is true (c) P and q are true (d) P or q are true
89. Lahore is the capital of Punjab and Quetta is the capital of Balochistan is a conjunction which is
(a) True (b) False (c) Undecided (d) None of these
90. ‘4 < 5 5 ∧8< 10' is conjunction which is a
(a) True (b) False (c) Undecided (d) None of these
91. 2 + 2 = 3 ∧ 6 + 6 = 10 us a
(a) Disjunction (b) Conjunction (c) Conditional (d) Negation
92. The disjunction p ∨Q is false when
(a) p is false (b) q is false (c) Both p & q are false (d) p or q are false
93. 10 is a positive integer or 0 is a rational number is a disjunction which is
(a) True (b) False (c) Undecided (d) None of these
94. A triangle can have two right angles or Lahore is a the capital of Sindh “is a disjunction “ which is
(a) True (b) False (c) Undecided (d) None of these
95. A compound statement is if p then q i.e p → q, q is called
(a) Conditional (b) Bi-Conditional (c) Negation (d) Conclusion
96. In an implication p → q, q is called
(a) Conditional (b) Antecedent (c) Negation (d) Hypothesis
97. A conditional p → qis considered to be false only if
(a) p is true and q is true (b) p is false and q is false
(c) p is true and q is false (d) p is false and q is true
'
98. x∈ A ∩B'
(a) x ∈ A ' ∈∧x ∈ B ' (b) '
x ∈ A ∈∨x ∈ B '
(c) x ∉ A ∩B (d) x ∈ A ∩B
99. The statement p → q is called
(a) Proposition (b) Equivalence (c) Bio-Conditional (d) Conditional
100. Let p → q be an implication then q → p is called
(a) converse (b) Inverse (c) Contra positive (d) Bio-Conditional
101. Let p → q be a conditional then ~q → ~p is
a) converse (b) Inverse (c) Contra positive (d) Consequent
102. Let p → q be a conditional then ~q → ~p is
a) converse (b) Inverse (c) Contra positive (d) Antecedent
103. The converse of the conditional ~q → p is
(a) q→ ~p (b) ~q → p (c) p→q (d) p→ ~p
104. The inverse of the conditional ~q → q is
(a) q→ ~p (b) ~q → p (c) p→q (d) p→ ~p
105. The contra positive of the conditional p →q is
(a) q→ ~p (b) ~q → p (c) p→q (d) p→ ~p
106. Any conditional and its contra positive are
(a) Same (b) Equal (c) Equivalent (d) Different
107. The converse and inverse of a statement are
(a) Same (b) Equal (c) Equivalent (d) Different
108. A statement which is true for all the possible values of the variables involved in it is called
(a) Tautology (b) Absurdity (c) Contingency (d) Conditional
109. A statement which is always false is called
(a) Tautology (b) Absurdity (c) Contingency (d) False Statement
110. A statement which can be true or false depending upon the truth values of the variables involved is called
(a) Tautology (b) Absurdity (c) Contingency (d) Converse
111. The symbo! ∀ read as ‘for all’ is called
(a) Universal quantifier (b) Existential quantifier
(c) Contradiction (d) Contra positive
112. The symbol ∃ real as ‘there exist’ is called
(a) Universal quantifier (b) Existential quantifier
(c) Contradiction (d) Contra positive
113. The word or symbol which convey the idea of quality or number are called
(a) Quantifier (b) Conditional (c) Proposition (d) Absurdity
114. The Truth Set Of p consists of these values of the variable for which p is
(a) True (b) False (c) True of False (d) Mixed
115. The truth set of p ∨q consists those values of the variable for which
(a) p(x )is true (b) q(x ) is true

(c) p(x )is true or q(x ) is true or Both p(x) and q(x) is true

(d) p(x )is true or q(x ) is true

116. The truth set of p ∧q consists those values of the variable for which
(a) p(x )is true (b) q(x ) is true
 (c) p(x )is true or q(x ) is true or Both p(x) and q(x) is true

(d) p(x )is true or q(x ) is true

117. The implication p→ q is equivalent to
(a) Universal set (b) Empty set (c) P ∪Q (d) p ∧q
118. The truth set of an absurdity is
(a) Universal set (b) Empty set (c) P ∪Q (d) p ∧q
119. Let A and B are two non empty sets , then A × B={( x , y ) I x ∈ A y ∈ B} is called
(a) Relation (b) Binary relation (c) Cartesian product (d) Product
120. Every subset of f A × B is called a
(a) Relation (b) Cartesian product (c) Function (d) Onto function
121. The set of First elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called
(a) Domain (b) Co domain (c) Range (d) Function
122. The set of second elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called
(a) Domain (b) Co domain (c) Range (d) Function
123. The number of subsets of the set [a,b,c] is
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 10
124. Let A=R and r = {(x,y)’ y = x +1} then dom r = ?
(a) A (b) Z (c) R (d) All of these
125. In a set S having binary operation * , left and right identities are
(a) Same (b) Different (c) Undefined (d) None of these
126. In a set having associative binary operation , left inverse and right inverse are
(a) Same (b) Different (c) Undefined (d) None of these
127. On which set addition and multiplication are not commutative
(a) N (b) Z (c) R (d) None of these
128. On which set addition and multiplication are not associative
(a) N (b) Z (c) R (d) None of these
129. A non empty set on which a binary operation * is defined is called
(a) Groupoid (b) Semi Group (c) Group (d) Grouped
130. If G is a group w.r.t * then ∀ a , b ∈ G
(a) a∗b ∈ G (b) a +b ∈ G (c) a −¿ b ∈ G (d) None of these
131. The set of integers is a group w.r.t
(a) Addition (b) Multiplication (c) Subtraction (d) Division
132. The set of all 2 ×2 non-singular matrices form a group w.r.t
(a) Addition (b) Multiplication (c) Subtraction (d) Division
133. The set [1,−1 ,i ,−i] is a group w.r.t
(a) Addition (b) Multiplication (c) Subtraction (d) Division
134. The set of all 2 ×2 non singular matrices w.r.t multiplication is
(a) Abelian group (b) Non-Abelian group
(c) Commutative group (d) None of these
135. The set N,Z , Q and R satisfy commutative and associative laws w.r.t
(a) Addition and subtraction (b) Addition and Multiplication
(c) Addition and division (d) None of these
136. A non empty set S with a binary operation * is a semi group if
(a) * is commutative in S (b) * is associative in S
(c) S closed under (d) All of these
137. The set {1 ,−1 , i,−i} is a group w.r.t
(a) + (b) −¿ (c) × (d) ÷
138. The set {2 ln ∈ Z } is a group w.r.t
n

(a) + (b) −¿ (c) × (d) ÷

139. The set {3n l n ∈ Z } is a group w.r.t
(a) + (b) −¿ (c) × (d) ÷
140. The set {xlx = a + √ 3 b , a , b ∈Q } is a group w.r.t

(a) + (b) −¿ (c) × (d) ÷

141. The set of all non- zero rationals is a group w.r.t
(a) + (b) −¿ (c) × (d) ÷
142. If each element of a monoid has inverse then it is called
(a) Groupoid (b) Semi group (c) Group (d) Monoid
143. Monoid is a semi group with
(a) Commutative Law (b) Identity law
(c) Inverse of each element (d) Identity element
144. ∀ a , b , c ∈ G∧ab=ac ⟹ b=c , a ≠ 0 is known as
(a) Multiplication law (b) Division law
(c) Cancellation law (d) Commutative law
145. ∀ a , b , c ∈ G (ab)-1 = ?
(a) ab (b) ba (c) a-1b-1 (d) b-1a-1
146. R – {0} is a group under
(a) + (b) −¿ (c) × (d) ÷
147. The set {E,O } is a group with respect to the operation
(a) + (b) −¿ (c) × (d) ÷
148. A group G is said to be finite if
(a) It has finite number of elements (b) It has infinite number of elements
(c) It has no elements (d) All of these
149. The solution of the equation xa =b is
(a) a-1b (b) ba-1 (c) ab (d) ba
150. {0,1,2,3} is the set of residue closes module
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5