EXPERIMENTS IDP 04104 PHYSICS 1

Experiment’s Instructions and Guide

1. Please refer to interactive simulation’s link:

No Experiment Links Groups

1. Forces and https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/forces-and- 1.
Motion: Basics motion-basics 2.
3.
4.
5.
2. Hooke’s Law https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/hookes-law 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3. Projectile https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/projectile- 1.
Motion motion 2.
3.
4.
5.
4. Energy Skate https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/energy- 1.
Park skate-park-basics 2.
3.
4.
5.
5. Gas properties https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas- 1.
properties 2.
3.
4.
5.
6. Energy forms https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/energy- 1.
and changes forms-and-changes 2.
3.
4.
5.

2. After conducting an experiment, please submit an experiment report (individual). Your report
must have this information:
a. Title of Experiment
b. Objectives
c. Experiment Setting
d. Evaluation (Answer ‘sample challenge prompt’ in experiment guide)
3. Submit your report in VLE. Due date is 10.5.2023
 Attachment 1: Report template

PHYSICS 1
LAB (SIMULATION) REPORT

NAME: MOHAMAD ROZAIMI BIN MUSTAPAH

STUDENT ID: 52051322071
EXPERIMENT 1:
Title: Kinetic Energy of Particle
Learning Goals/Objectives
1. To examine the speed and kinetic energy distribution of gases
by changing the temperature.
2. To compare and contrast the speed and energy between heavy
gases ang light gases.

VARIABLE
1. Manipulated : Temperature supplied , Types of gases
2. Responsive : Kinetic energy of gases
3. Constant : Volume of the container

THEORY

What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

The Kinetic Molecular Theory is a model of the physical properties
and behaviors of gases on a molecular level. It postures that
gases are diffused based on energy rate. Diffusion is the process by
which gas molecules spread out and move from areas of high
to low concentration. In the Kinetic Molecular Theory, the higher
the energy rate (temperature), the more diffuse or spread out the
gas will be. Also referred to as the Kinetic Molecular Theory of
Gases, it centered around the following concepts:

1. Gases are made up of particles that are in continuous random

motion. Particles move in straight lines.
2. Gas molecules are constantly colliding with each other and the
walls of their container. Energy is not lost during these
3. collisions (molecules are elastic).
4. Gas molecules are tiny, and the total volume of gas is
insignificant to the total volume of the container.
 5. Gas molecules have no interactive forces with one another (no
attraction or repulsion).
6. The average kinetic energy of the gas is the same for all gases
at a given temperature. Kinetic energy is proportional to the
7. gas' absolute temperature.

Since the volume of gas is negligible and the molecules have no

attractive or repulsive forces, the gas has no potential energy.
Their total energy equals their ''kinetic energies''.

Kinetic Energy and Temperature

Kinetic energy is the motion energy of a substance.

Temperature is a quantitative measure of the kinetic energy of the
component particles of a solid, liquid, or gas.
What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic
energy?
Kinetic energy and the temperature of a gas are proportionally
related. At high temperatures, gas molecules vibrate rapidly and
collide with the container walls. At low temperatures, gas molecules
vibrate slower and collide less.

Relationship between gas temperature and kinetic energy:

 High temperature = High kinetic energy
 Low temperature = Low kinetic energy
 The Average Kinetic Energy Formula

Molecules of gas are so small that their individual kinetic energy

cannot be observed.
To understand the kinetic energy of a gas,
the average kinetic energy formula is used. This formula determines
KE, kinetic energy, based on the temperature of the gas.
This is done because the temperature of a gas is directly
proportional to its kinetic energy.

The average kinetic energy formula (translational kinetic energy

formula) is:

KE = (3/2) ∗ R ∗ T
 KE= kinetic energy of gas molecules (J)
 R= energy constant (8.3145 J/mol*K)
 T= temperature (K)
Converting temperature from Celsius to Kelvins:
Since this formula uses the energy constant (R) which is in J/mol*K, the temperature must be in
K. To convert temperature from
Celsius to Kelvins, the formula TK = TC + 273 is used. This gives a kinetic energy value in
J/mol.

Experiment Setting :