Appendix IV: Legends and Classifications13.1 STANDARD LITHOLOGIC LOG FORM This lithologic log form is the standard for the logging systems presented in the following pages. Refer to Section 2.1 for additional information about the log. Iv-1 ‘STATE OR PROV. COMPANY county SEC. NO. FIELD OR AREA come ELEC, 106. RADIOACTIVE MICROLOG LATEROLOG SONIC PRODUCTION REMARKS LOGGED BY. PLOTTED By:Iv-2 13.2 CLASSIFICATION OF SILICICLASTIC ROCKS QUARTZ — Chert, Quartzite frags, Vein Quartz see QUARTZ SS. FELDSPATHIC SS, ‘ARKOSIC SS. | LITHIC SS. FELDSPAR ROCK FRAGMENTS Acid Igneous rock frags. Bosic Igneous, Sedimentary & Metamorphic 13.3 CLASSIFICATION OF CARBONATE ROCKS ACCORDING TO DEPOSITIONAL TEXTURE modified after R J. Dunhom 1960 Depostionsl Teste Recognzabie Degositonal Texture er Recogaobie Original Components No! Bound Togeher Owng Oeponion | orignal components wet, aune tegen oni md Bing ees ahs (bores of clay and fine i sire, | ont Scr (subsite pestis 20. ohcens) iominaton conlory 0 eeetiedhons Mad -supparies Groin supported Fore’ coves that orenyscsl ae ole on sore teastnn | rene | Moretman® | Lesemane | Steti'sratiiolny | Saitne) nt | Woeeent | tOpercent percent | sone ‘ali on woos” | gen rave mud See ore te be falling vatone | Woctastone | Pockstone Graintone Boundstone ersonale -~ |*@ ae Peo , tea ore” “Modification of original Dunham classification by changing percent mud from 1 to 10%S|Uag UIYIEA paeas - way) aj6e; Of 4aj9}y saquINN NIV1d NISV@ INNOWV3SS NIV1d NISV@ JISV13d JLIGISYNL aLIGISHNL NVd JINIHYVWENS NV4j JINIYVWENS Si¥830 NIDYVW anating JINVDHO MO14d SIH830 - 3GIIS ALIAVHD Y¥O GNV 1S! HO ANV8 ‘Hv YV8 JHOHSIIO L33HS dNAQIING JINVDYO 1V901 INIYVNLS3 yO 133HS HO INVS ‘HVE TANNVHO 8 HVE TIVOIL ‘GNOd ‘LNAWAVESW3 ‘“NOODVT G31V10SI (ago) anna Malhaa) vi1300ud Av14 Wall 2 e (41) — oy waINyVa HO HOV] o> NIV1d D1v173d TWIANTTV (ANNG) NVINOIV NVd 1V NIW1d (1WIANI14) TWIANTIV JINIYLSNOVI (Ov) JANNVHO 2 ANIHLSNOVI (1SNHD 3DvV4HNS) 3SOAVA (3NNQG) NVI103V SWDO0OH JLVNOSYVO SHIDO DILSVTIDIDINNS GN4931 YO100 LNSWNOYIANS ONY LNAWNOYIANS IWNOILISOdSC 4O NOILVOISISSV19 PELIv-4 13.5 Standard Lithologic Legends (General Logging Procedures) 1. Use black, India ink for all notations on the strip log, including overlays and other symbols, except as follows: a. Use red India ink for information or symbols pertaining to hydrocarbon shows and engineering data. b. Use green India ink for all paleontological determinations (optional). ¢, Use red pencil to designate formation, series, or system tons. 2. Rapidograph pens (#00) or crow quill pens should be used in recording all data on the log. 3. Use Eagle "Chemi-Sealed" Verithin pencils for all color symbols (except where colored ink is designated). 4. Headings on all logs should be filled in as completely as possible (neatly). a. Always note the name (or names) of the person (or persons) who completed the log, and the date of completion. b. Always include a brief statement about the initial and present production data. A summary of pertinent completion data should be written at the bottom of the log. Always write the name and location of the well at both the top and bottom of the log to facilitate filing and handling. 5. Lithologic formation tops should be included on all logs. The person making the log is the best qualified to pick the tops. (See Chart VI). 6. If the columns on the log designated for specific information (ex. fossil and accessory column) are not wide enough to plot all the pertinent symbols, the remainder should be logged in the remarks column adjacent to the appropriate interval. Any written description should follow. 7. A completed log should always be treated with care. Tt represents valuable and expensive geologic data, and its preservation is important. 8. The symbols and abbreviations presented in the following charts are intended to eliminate lengthy descriptions in the remarks column of the log. Use them accordingly. But if the rock characteristics cannot be illustrated by one or more of the symbols, then they should be supplemented with a written description in the appropriate column.IV-5 3 Chart I: Siliciclastic Rock Types Siliciclastic rocks are best described on the basis of grain size and composition. Such things as cements and accessories are incidental to the primary description, and should be treated as such. Special rock types such as “granite wash” and “metamorphic wash” can be defined in terms of grain size and composition, and therefore do not warrant special names. GRAIN SIZE COMPOSITION (1) SHALE (<0.02 mm) "(Use pencil or pencil blends approximatin : color of shale or mudstone,) : (Composed of clay minerals) MUDSTONE (<0.02 mm) pa oes an (Distinguishable only in thin sections) VT 736 Quartz SANDSTONE Gace (.062 - 2.0 mm) >95% quartz and chert. VT 735% Sublithic [S34] Lithic (2) >5% sand size rock fragments. >25% sand size rock fragments. (2 ] Feldspathic [F ol Arkosic >5% sand size feldspar. >25% sand size feldspar. FRAMEWORK MATRIX Sedimentary (4) [OO] Sandstone Metamorphic (4) CI Siltstone Igneous (4 & 5) Shale (See *) lOO] CONGLOMERATE (3) (>2.0 mm) | (1) See Chart V for logging of subordinate components and cementing agents. (2) Term graywacke is abandoned because of its ambiguous definition. Clay admixture (detrital matrix) is logged as matrix. (3) See Structures, Chart XVIII for logging or breccia. ® (4) Lithology of framework constituents should be represented by appropriate rock color symbol. (5) Use appropriate overlay of igneous rock type from Chart IV.IV-7 ee Chart Il: Carbonate Rock Types The purer carbonate rocks are composed of varying admixtures of particles and matrix. Local production of carbonate particles eliminates effective use of grain size and sorting as significant factors in the vast majority of cases. Therefore, the organization and emphasis of rock types is based dominantly upon the relative abundance of particles, and their packing (See Dunham, R.J., 1962) Diagenetic processes may change size of component mineral crystals, and destroy component particles as recognizable entities. Any recognizable particles in altered carbonate rocks should be recorded. TEXTURES (1) A. PRIMARY DEPOSITIONAL TEXTURES LIMESTONE (2) DOLOMITE (2) MUDSTONE - particles <10% (3) VT 740 VT 740% WACKESTONE - particles 10-30%, mud supported (4) WACKESTONE - particles >30%, mud supported (4) be KN ie PACKSTONE - particles in contact, with >10% mud matrix (4 & 5) GRAINSTONE - particles in contact, with <10% mud matrix (4 & 5) AN RY ‘| Noe =) hom ‘| LOY BOUNDSTONE - components bound together during deposition. Can be either particle- or mud-supported B. DIAGENETICALLY ALTERED ROCKS, LITTLE OR NO DEPOSITIONAL TEXTURES RECOGNIZABLE Interlocking crystals Sucrosic - crystals in point contact, with intercrystal pores [xo x] With recognizable particles (4) C. MISCELLANEOUS Chalky - soft and porous. Can occur in either primary depositional or diagenetically altered rocks. Caliche VT 744 VT 744 (1) Average or range of grain or crystal size should be logged in crystal/particle size column. (2) See Chart V for logging of subordinate components and cementing agents. (3) Note particles (if any) in fossil-accessory column. (4) 4) If particles constitute >10% of rock use overlay of appropriate dominant particles. (See fossil symbols Charts XII, XII| and XIV.) All fossil types should be logged in fossil column with indication of abundance. Log only dominant fossil types in lithic column. (5) Percentage of mud matrix for packstone and cement for grainstone should be indicated by relative width of vertical column.Iv-9 Chart Ill: Carbonate Particle Symbols() + ¢ 66 @® |KELETAL PARTICLES (excluding nucl a LITHOCLASTS Pellets (cal particles) Micropelletoids (20-62) ‘spherical to ellipsoidal Superficial oolites | panicles 621 to 2 mm, with single coat Grapestone or aggregate grains SKELETAL PARTICLES (2) Macrotossil fragments, undifferentiated Macrotossil fragments, undifferentiated rounded or worn QUESTIONABLE PARTICLES Particles of indeterminate origin no Angular, undifferentiated locally derived penecontemp- Inraclasts | oraneous fragments @ >| Breccia, solution, collapse fragments of previously lithitied carbonate rock (3) pelletlike structureless Pelletoids {panicles with regular Sutlines irregularly shaped or a elongated particies coneacrine { 6214 to 2 mm with multiple concentric coatings spherical to elipsoidal particles ome | can © _Q] vacese pisoites ‘SKELETAL or NON-SKELETAL ee (seeseaae ca Sr s algal or stomatoli- See cally coated particles Microfossils, undifferentiated oe Macrotossils undiflerentiated - whole Obscure particies (fuzzy or clottes) Bo Rounded, unditferentiated Tatus (slope or fore reet detritus) ie 2 Breccia, tectonic (1) If particles constitute > 10% of rock, use overlay of appropriate dominant particles. (2) Use fossil symbol overlays shown on Charts XII, XIII, and XIV if skeletal particles are identifiable. Log only dominant particle types in lithic column. Note all particle symbols in fossil-accessory column (3) Carbonate conglomerate should be logged using same rules as shown for siliciclastic rocks, Chart |. Flat pebble conglomerates are considered lithoclastic.Chart IV: Miscellaneous Sedimentary Rock Types, Igneous Rocks, and Metamorphic Rocks SEDIMENTARY ROCK TYPES Spnr| BENTONITE VT 744 VT 751 ANHYDRITE (OR GYPSUM) VT 742% CHERT - bedded (refer to “Accessories” for detailed chert symbology,) VT 737 VT 747 HALITE POTASSIUM SALTS VT 738% VT 738% IGNEOUS ROCKS (1) RS Igneous, undifferentiated VT 750 Extrusive, acid-intermediate, felsic ate Pyroclastic, undiff. (2) (rhyolite, dacite, tracite, etc.) (tuff or ash) VT 750 VT 743 Intrusive, acid-intermediate, felsic er) = (granite, diorite, syenite, etc.) Vitric. tuff VT 750 VT 743 Extrusive, basic, mafic &_ (basalt, andesite, etc.) oP Crystal tuff VT 759 VT 743 Intrusive, basic, mafic [Pa] ithic tuff (gabbro, diabase, etc.) eames VT 759 VT 743 Wy | Ultrabasic, ultramafic (peridotite, etc.) VT 738 METAMORPHIC ROCKS (1) ess Metamorphic, undifferentiated VT 750 PFA) weaneite Marble VT 735% VT 740 Slate, phyllite, etc. VT 734% Schist and Gneiss VT 750 Serpentinite VT 738 VT 738 Iv-11 COAL (Lignite indicated by brown in color column) Greenstone (altered basalt) (1) Mixtures of these rock types can be indicated by combining appropriate rock and color symbols. (2) Welded pyroclastics can be indicated by underlining any of the various tuff symbols (Ex. welded tuff, undifferentiated, is 11! ).I¥-13 Chart V: Subordinate Components and Cements Subordinate Components") These materials are part of, or replace part of, the original sediment. Included here are minor primary constituents (less than 50%) of a rock, such as clay in argillaceous sandstone or limestone, etc. Also included are partial replacements (such as scattered dolomite rhombs in limestone), or relicts following wholesale replacement (calcareous fossils in dolomite, etc.) COMMON SUBORDINATE COMPONENTS Anhydritic il Argillaceous [ Calcareous VT 742 1/2 (use appropriate color) VT 740 Cherty Dolomitic ia Sandy VT 737 VT 740 1/2 VT 735 1/2 Siliceous Silty [TT] (use as overlay on rock type) | ZH | VT 736 yi utaceous LESS COMMON SUBORDINATE COMPONENTS (2) Anhydrite nodules (put G in center of oval [A.A] Anhydrite - replacement Bentonite | @ | for gypsum nodules) VT 742 1/2 iT | VT 7448751 VT 742 1/2 Chart fraoment [| Calcareous nodules ~~~] Carbonaceous partings [ 7] (detrital —he VT 740 aA “~ or traces VT 737 Chert nodules Dolomite rhombs [a | Glauconite | @ | VT 737 Gar VT 740 1/2 VT 751 Interbeds (Use appropriate [-~| [ © ] Phosphate nodules [=—4 lithology color) [— —| mica VT 745 1/2 se &S Salt hoppers VT 738 1/2 Shale streaks and partings (Use pencil approximating color of shale) Cements() Any mineral precipitated in a pre-existing void; a precipitate which serves directly to reduce porosity. Also could be called “secondary pore filling”. This includes not only minerals binding particles (as sandstone cement), but also fillings of solution cavities, fossil molds, primary cavities, etc. UNDIFFERENTIATED CEMENT FABRICS Anhydrite [ B | Calcite Chert VT 742 1/2 VT 740 VT 737 | Bi Dolomite Quartz Siderite - iron carbonate VT 740 1/2 VT 735 1/2 VT 745 1/2 SPECIFIC CARBONATE CEMENT FABRICS (3) [ Fibrous [ 8 lsopachous Syntaxial or Overgrowth (1) Cement and subordinate components are shown by a vertical band in the center of the lithologic column. Cements are distinguished from subordinate components by horizontal lines (in black ink) over the vertical color strip. The width of the strip denotes the relative abundance of the material and should not exceed 50% of lithic column for any one component. Components are logged from left to right in order of increasing hardness. (2) If less than 10%, log in accessory column. (3) Use in place of horizontal black lines over the appropriate vertical color strip for either calcite or dolomite, or for other mineral cements if applicable. (Ex. quartz overgrowth cement)IV-15 Chart VI: Tops, Sample Quality, and Thin Sections - Tops") CRYSTAL/ PARTICLE ACCESSORIES SED. STRUCTURES REMARKS CORES FOSSILS Sea level r - DEPTH & TOPS ct ENGR DATA Pet stows System or Series top Formation top - sample Formation top - mechanical log (in lead pencil) Formation top- combination sample and mechanical log Major unconformity _ rd Lu = a O © > = Lu pL — Fe Sample Quality Data No samples The black portion should be colored with pencils repre- Very poorsamples __ senting the lithology believed to be present Samples unexamined (in lead pencil) Thin Sections (1) Sample tops should be logged in red pencil. Formation name or abbreviation shown below line.Chart Vil: Engineering Data DEPTH & TOPS ENGR. DATA ENVIRONMENT —_——6 = | BC c wo O a O a > Oo oO _ e) ac e and COLOR CRYSTAL/ IV-17 PARTICLE FOSSILS ACCESSORIES SED. STRUCTURES REMARKS DST (number in circle designates test number) 16-78 10900 | 75 | 1500" Oil + 500 Met (1) 10950 | 30 | FP100 - 800, SIP 4100 - 4000 Minor oil recovery by DST or other tests Oil to surface on test Minor gas show on test Gas flow to surface on test (Rate may be shown in MCF at base of arrows) Recovery of fresh water Recovery of salt water Add to above if sulfur odor Casing point Plug back depth Perforated interval 4840 (Show data, e.g.- Perf 765 925 BOPD + 5 BWPD, 36} Completion zone - oil (use tt if gas) Production data to be shown on heading of !og) (1) Plot in red ink in remarks column or on bottom of log.IV-19 Chart VIII: Hydrocarbon Shows and Other Fluids, and Source Rocks & Hydrocarbon Shows and Other Fluids‘) CRYSTAL/ PARTICLE ENVIRONMENT DEPTH & TOPS ENGR. DATA POROSITY LITHOLOGY FOSSILS ACCESSORIES SED. STRUCTURES REMARKS Poor oil stain Good to excellent oil stain Dead oil (hard and brittle) Tarry or gummy oil Oil reaction in acid Faint cut fluorescence Strong cut fluorescence Poor stain, faint cut fluorescence Hydrocarbon odor Gas indications Salt water Sulfurous salt water Fresh water Sulfurous fresh water < <- e s+ + 3x x ~-~o+A 373 o Pe Source Rocks(?) Py Analyzed, organic lean VT745'% wy Analyzed, organic rich ed Vitrinite values should be recorded under the 12 appropriate source rock symbol, as shown in example Continuous sequence of analyzed samples. Use appropriate source rock symbols (1) Adetailed description of significant shows should be written in the remarks column. This description should specify (1) quantity (percentage of cuttings with show), (2) color, (3) fluorescence, (4) cut, and (5) cut fluorescence. (2) Qualifying data of source rock and maturity analysis should be recorded in the remarks column.:: Visible Porosity Iv-21 yu 4 5 N 2) 2 eo @)e2 a) S$ |< > Sé z/° z) ele z 6 5 al z= (lol & 8 o| le g = [elalol 2 |« 2/3 )5 & =| = jels/ olf) & 6 5)u|2 = Bb Sis |s) = ise. ect 81818 3 @| & jG)s|2)8) S [Blew ebss 2 | |e @ 7 Trace | Poor (1-5%) Intergranular, Interparticle ' Fair (5-10%) or Interérystal tl Good (10-15%) UI Excellent (> 15%) v Trace ‘4 Poor (1-5%) im Fair (56-10%) Vugsy mn Good (10-15%) (Undifferentiated) Wh Excellent (> 15%) H Visibly interconnected + Poor (1-5%) + Fair (5-10%) Moldic, ic, P| Good (10-15%) (Undifferentiated) tte Excellent (> 15%) Moldic porosity of specific particles can be shown by superimposing the specific particle symbol over the vuggy porosity symbol. For example: ohh Oomoldic (15%) tt Pelmoldic (10%) Moldic, (Specific) ’ Fossomoldic, undifferentiated (5%) + Occasional Fa ‘Abundant Fractures Lc Lost circulation, possibly porous u? Free sand grains, possibly porous L I Microporosity, not visibly apparent in cuttings and/or core| (1) Description of quantity and quality of porous intervals should be recorded in remarks column.Iv-23 Chart X: Core Data and Textural Chart Core Data @ af 4 @ Sey : bl o SEN o|3 Z| & azo gaye au) oO Is > of z/s Zz, 5 (5 = 8 So \z 2 Zz) «w 6 & ° Q D E Zz S| =z @la\o) 3 « 2/815 & « |S] O lw 3° 5 o|w 7 < 2) £ 22/5 /8| = st. ese 8/8] 8 é S cess a Gi) a |a/5/2\8) 5 |Sjexs e884 2] 2 |B @ Core recovered Core unrecovered Core partial recovery, position known Core recovery unknown 20° Apparent dip from core 18° Oriented core dip ts e bh} Sidewall core Textural Chart(!) sugeusTe GRAN SHE CnaoNATE ROCKS: MILLIMETERS MICRONS. ROCKS ela r 256 + 256 exvonst Low bg Sea (xc) east ob aL om Very Coarse coe e (we) (ve) 1 + + 000 2 5s + 1 500 @ 2 Wea eau a 25 “6 280 {eh Fine Fine # 425, + 8 125, o TenrFne Ten te 4 062 + Ne 62 ta e o20 + 1/80 oT —— pau = {Lithographic/mat) 1) For practical reasons Wentworth's division of the lutites into clay and siltatthe 4u(1/256 mm) boundary has been replaced by the above subdivision into mud and silt at the 204 boundary.IV-25 Chart XI: Texture and Rock Colors Texture PARTICLE ENVIRONMENT DEPTH & TOPS ENGR. DATA POROSITY LITHOLOGY FOSSILS ACCESSORIES SED. STRUCTURES REMARKS c O _ O O iieanpiatine “Werograined —— ZEST an | Microcrystalline - Micrograined = = <.020 mm | aaa Mean care | [Veryfine GZ -125 mm _| I [Fine 25-250 mm | | | [Medium 250-500 mm | | | I | [Coase CS 1.0mm | | TT Very coarse To-20mm|11111| earomely conrse —_>20mm {tt Ht tt ROUNDNESS Piot symbols adjacent SORTING Piot symbols adjacent to textural designation. to textural designation. Angular Extremely well Sub angular l<| | lviw Very well Subrounded (>) | lw Well Rounded On 08 Moderately Poorly Very Poorly Ex. Fine; subrounded, (Use VT 747 for filling ") well sorted 1 | WM texture column. Rock Colors) Show approximate color (wet) of major rock type Two dominant rock colors Mottlings - log with approximate color superimposed on dominant rock color (1) Use the G.S.A. Rock Color Chart for accurate color designations.IV-27 Chart XII: Fossils() & (2) CRYSTAL/ PARTICLE ENVIRONMENT DEPTH & TOPS ENGR. DATA POROSITY LITHOLOGY FOSSILS ACCESSORIES SED. STRUCTURES FOSSILS General Symbols Macrofossil fragments, undifferentiated Macrofossil fragments, rounded Macrofossils, whole Microfossils, undifferentiated Fossils, encrusting Use appropriate fossil symbol within circle or square if fossil identifiable Use as underline under appropriate fossil symbol. Ex: d= encrusting | *B]®a Specific Symbols foraminitera Algae, undifferentiated e@ Algae, Red Vr 744 Algae, Green vr 751 Algal plates Algal balls, oncolites, rhodoliths Algal stromatolites Brachiopods, undifferentiated Brachiopods, phosphatic Brachiopods, productid Bryozoa, tube-like forms Bryozoa, fenestellid forms Calcispheres Chara Conodonts and scolecodonts Corals, colonial Corals, Chaetetes Corals, Syringopora Corals, solitary Crinoids Diatoms Echinoderms §o0R4t1 4} Dane 0888 pes (1) Relative abundance is indicated by dots over symbols | No dot= 0-10% To be used over fossil symbols e@ © =10-20% Ex. °$ = crinoids >30% =20-30% i se = 30% or, indicate % above fossil symbol. Ex: (2) Any of these symbols can be used as overlays in the lithic column, if they represent a major rock constituent.Iv-29 Chart XIII: Fossils, continued CRYSTAL/ PARTICLE SIZE 2 @ z) 5 se 8 S \z g 3 = |4 e 3 Qlole Zz gz a a rd 3/315 z g & cc 58 5 Oo} Do w 7 < 2) a \Z)2)5 = lag. eg 8) 8 18 & G] a |a/5|2 5 |lexs-888) 2 | 2 18 @ Fish remains Fish scales. Foraminifera, undifferentiated Foraminifera, pelagic Foraminifera, small benthonic Miliolids i Tubular forams fs Foraminifera, large benthonic Orbitolina Dictyoconus Coskinolina and Coskinolinoides Fusulinids Graptolites Hydrozoa Molluscs, undifferentiated Cephalopods Belemnites Gastropods Pelecypods (clams) Chondrodonta Gryphaea Inoceramus Oysters Rudists, undifferentiated Caprinids Caprotinids Monopleurids Requieniids Radiolitids Tentaculites Ostracods Plant remains Silicitied wood Spicules x JP ONGOG WAP PPEao geal Dut segocse sr 9 6Iv-31 Chart XIV: Fossils, continued; and Accessories Fossils CRYSTAL/ PARTICLE ENVIRONMENT. DEPTH & TOPS POROSITY LITHOLOGY ACCESSORIES SED. STRUCTURES, REMARKS Spines, brachiopod Spines, echinoid ‘Sponges ‘Spores and/or pollen ‘Stromatoporoids, unditterentiated Stromatoporoids, lamillar ‘Stromatoporoids, spherical ‘Stromatoporoids, hemispherical ‘Stromatoporoids, branching Stromatoporoids, Amphipora, undifferentiated ‘Stromatoporoids, Amphipora, lamillar Radiolarians Trilobites Worm tubes Vertebrates 1s +224 POP gD xSAJ Fossis Accessories() & (2) Ash Vt 751 Chiorite Vt 751 Feldspar Glauconite Vt 751 Hematite VT 744 Limor Vr 744 Mica Phosphate nodules VT 745 1/2 Pyrite Quartz crystals ‘euhedral singly terminated Quartz grains VT 735 1/2 {floating) Siderite grains VT 745 1/2 Sultur vt 737 Volcanic glass 0751 (1) Relative abundance is indicated by dots over symbols (see Chart XI!) (2) Any of these symbols can be used as overlays in the lithic column if they represent a major rock constituent.Chart XV: (Accessorles) Chert @) & (@) ENVIRONMENT. DEPTH & TOPS ENGR. DATA POROSITY LITHOLOGY ‘CORES Mineralization Vug filling Vein or fracture filling CHERT Banded Chalk textured (tripolitic) Fossiliferous Granular Milky, Mottled Oolitic Opaque Pelletal Porcelaneous Sandy Spicular Spotted Subporcelaneous Translucent ‘Transparent Undifferentiated Composite symbo! (eg. fossiliferous, olitic, sandy) ACCESSORIES Iv-33 ‘SED. STRUCTURES Use symbol color of mineral present to indicate nature of filling. Examples shown indicate calcite fill. Use VT 743 for hydrothermal mineral fill Use appropriate fossil symbol make ticks with appro- priate color pencil use appropriate color { pencil for filling in symbol make ticks with appro- priate color pencil pencil for filling in or outlining symbols vt 737 { use appropriate color (1) Undifferentiated chert symbol is placed in lithology column. Detailed symbology is shown in @ " sccencrycatinn (2) Chert symbols should be made with colored pencil approximating the color of the chert. White chert symbol should be colored light blue (VT 741 1/2). (3) Relative abundance is indicated by dots over symbols (see Chart XI).Chart XVI: Structures (Stratification, Sedimentary, Diagenetic) CRYSTAL/ PARTICLE SIZE ACCESSORIES SED. STRUCTURES REMARKS. Iv-35 a] § |e 3 2 le & Z| = |a|,|& 8 o S| = Pig| alo S| « a 2 ej2/S|2) 3 |S 5 2] b S21 8|5) = (ale ese 8 &| & 8/5) 2/8) 5S |Blexse8es| 2 SYNGENETIC STRUCTURES A._ Stratification 1. Parallel type Thickness of Bedding Metric System millimeter bed imm-10mm centimeter bed tom-10cm decimeter bed 1dm-10dm meter bed im -10m When greater precision is desired, the modal thickness can be indicated, eg., beds with modal thickness 3 meters. British System thin lamina <1/10 inch lamina 1/10 - 1/2 inches very thin bed 1/22 inches thin bed 2-6 inches medium bed 1/2-1 1/2 feet thick bed 11/2-5 feet very thick bed > S feet 2. Cross-bedding in general with angle indicated chevron climbing festoon planar Irregular bedding Graded bedding No apparent bedding Nodular bedding eaee ined RNSM BE EFIIv-37 Chart XVII: Structures and Markings (Stratification, Sedimentary, Diagenetic) e 24 4 Eo, o 5 ZEN eS Zz] 2 Reo ae a) 5 |< > S& 216 a 8 S |2 @ «3 1S Ee 3 nea alee gz Oo} = el ala a ia 3/35 © © a] 5] O |w 9° 9 B)w|% 3 z 22/5 |8l = sie. cose 2/818 é @) & jaj/o/2/8) 5 |8lexs e888] 2) 2 | o @ B._Current- produced markings 1. Ripple marks asymmetrical ona interference cml symmetrical end 2. Pull-over flame structure a 3. Scour and fill ws 4. Flute cast ave 5. Groove cast oo 6. Striation — 7. Parting lineation C._Organism - produced markings 1. Burrowed slightly burrowed moderately burrowed well burrowed Churned Bored Bored surface Organism tracks and trails Plant root tubes Vertebrate tracks D._Penecontemporaneous deformation structures Mud cracks Rain or hail prints Pull-apart Slump structures and contorted bedding Convolute bedding Neaseon Load cast Tepee structure Birdseye, tenestral fabric SPNOReROeNaIv-39 e Chart XVIII: Structures (Stratification, Sedimentary, Diagenetic) yu 2a Eo a 5 Ze @|s Bl 2 ze 8/2 eee hs > ot z/|9o 2} © (fF z 6 9 lz g z| & |s|,|& 8 |B /= g iS} x 21a a 2/19 |o g @ «| =| 3 3 3/a)° S 3, & 2/8 |g) = 8181/8 é a] & |aja|e2 5 2) 2/4 2 EPIGENETIC STRUCTURES A.__ Solution structures Breccia, solution, collapse Dissolution - compaction (horse tail) Stylolite Vadose pisolite Vadose silt Boxwork Salt hoppers or casts LOeeI¥®o NOgrens B._ Tectonic structures 1. Fractures 2. Slickensides 3. Breccia, tectonic O=H C._ Miscellaneous 1. Geopetal fabric Cone-in-cone &p=o 2 3. Stromatactis 4, Boudinage, ball and flow structureIv-41 Chart XIX: Black and White thologic Symbols To be used for Stratigraphic Columnar and Cross Sections. SILICICLASTIC ROCK TYPES Clay (See symbols for color designations) Shale (See symbols for color designations) sit Siltstone Quartz sane ‘Quartz sandstone Lithie sand Lithic sandstone Feldspathic sand ‘Atkosic sand Feldspathic sandstone Arkosic sandstone O_O] Gravel (unditterentiateay* Conglomerate (unditferentiated)* *Use appropriate rock symbol for matrix component surrounding pebbles, cobbles or boulders. CARBONATE ROCK TYPES TT ra Fay Limestone Dolomitic calcareous Dolomite (unditferentiated) Limestone Dolomite (unditterentiated) The texture and particle overtays shown below can be used with any of these basic patterns TEXTURES PRIMARY DEPOSITIONAL MISCELLANEOUS Fh] mudstone FA chainy Ew] wackestone DIAGENETICALLY ALTERED ERP] Packstone TEL] crstatine Fe srainstone TEED] sucrosic Fa eounastone EET crstatine wirecognizabie paricles* PARTICLES FE a] Fossils (unditerentiatedy* Fy timoctasis FEA onites Ee Patietoias *Consult Charts XH, XIII & XIV for appropriate fossil symbols, and Chart III for additional particle symbols. MISCELLANEOUS ROCK TYPES AAS] Anhyarite or Gypsum Moo Ti) eestote HE rie Sy | chert idarky ‘Type of chert should be BF tate designated in margin by SAF] chen tino appropriate symbols. Potassium saltChart XX: Black and White Lithologic Symbols Specitic two letters MODIFYING COM IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC ROCKS, Iv-43 Metamorphic Pyroclastic SECONDARY COMPONENTS, pes can be designated by using symbols on Chart IV and/or inserting first rock name in center of lithic column. Very sandy sandy Slightly sandy [ID comonsceovs sity CEMENTS xz Dolomite 7 Quanz STREAKS AND LENSES = Sandy “| Silty INTERBEDS AND IN’ CONCRETIONS AND NODULES ITERCALATIONS, Use same symbols as for streaks and lenses enclosed within above symbols. ch CCherty or Siliceous si. tronstone or otherIV-45 Chart XXI: Black and White Lithologic Symbols MISCELLANEOUS SYMBOLS cotons TS] No sample a med oy Color descrtion or [SS de intermation See ee ett ‘dk gy bik in column (%") along right ao args oy wn oes aw ees Can be used for dk bn Rap eonincocs 5 Bar] ease en leap placer re a A eats Vas Symbols to be used for the following data are the same as those given in the Standard Color Lithologic Legend, except as noted. These symbols are to be logged on the right side of the lithic column. ~~ FOSSILS — Same as on Charts Xil,Xill & XIV except Ais Red aigee 7 on. Green algae ACCESSORIES — Same as Charis XIV & XV except ‘Ash or Tutt Wb chiorite © Quartz crystals © Siderite grai MINERALIZATION HERTS VY ransparent Woo: | Use appropriate cher symbol lowed gy {PY Abb viaion of coer. TEXTURES — Same as on Chart x & X1 STRUCTURES — Same as on Chart XVI, XVII & XVII These symbols to be logged on left side of lithic column. POROSITY — same as on Chart IX. OIL SHOWS — same as on Char Vil except all symbols in black. © Poor oil stain © Good to excellent oi stain 4 Dead oil stain ENGINEERING DATA — Same as on Chart Vil except all symbols in black.