Arowwai Industries

CEMENT INDUSTRY
L E A H , Z O N I S H , A L A Y N A , M A H D I Y A
Arowwai Industries

WHAT
IS
CEMENT?

Cement, in general, adhesive substances of all kinds, but, in

a narrower sense, the binding materials used in building
and civil engineering construction. Cements of this kind are
finely ground powders that, when mixed with water, set to
a hard mass.

Pakistan's cement industry has a current production

capacity of around 69 million tons per year, and this is
expected to increase to 99 million tons by 2023.
LOCATIONS OF INDUSTRIES

LAHORE AND KARACHI

Lahore, Punjab

Lahore is a major hub for the cement industry in Pakistan. It hosts

several prominent cement companies, including D.G. Khan Cement,
Bestway Cement, and Maple Leaf Cement. Lahore's central location in
Punjab and its proximity to transportation networks make it a strategic
choice for cement production.

Karachi, Sindh

Karachi, the largest city and economic hub of Pakistan, is home to

many cement factories such as Lucky Cement and Attock Cement. Its
location on the Arabian Sea allows for easy export of cement to
international markets.
KPK AND BALOCHISTAN
Nowshera, KPK
Nowshera, in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, is an
important location for cement production. It is home to
companies like Kohat Cement and Bestway Cement. The
region's proximity to the Afghanistan border facilitates
the supply of cement for construction projects in
Afghanistan.

Hab and Lasbela, Balochistan

Attock Cement and Lucky Cement. These locations are

strategically chosen due to their proximity to key raw
material sources, such as limestone and gypsum, as well as
access to transportation networks.
Time to Test Your
Knowledge +
Listening Skills
 IMPORTANCE
TO ECONOMY

Cement is a very useful binding material in construction. It is

used in mortar for plastering, masonry work, painting, etc.
Cement is required by every industry, an important part of
industrial infrastructure. It provides direct and indirect
employment to a large number of people and contributed a
major part to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It is a key
infrastructure industry. The cement industry in Pakistan attracts
both domestic and international investors as well.
 IMPORTANCE
TO ECONOMY

Cement contributes to the economic growth of Pakistan both

directly and indirectly as well as develops its allies' industries,
particularly the transportation sector, which is a significant
beneficiary. It creates employment opportunities for thousands of
people which then improves efficiency and production rate leading
to more income as well as it creates huge revenue for the
government in the form of taxes. The cement industry generates
over 30 billion rupees in revenue
PROBLEMS FACING THE
CEMENT INDUSTRY

The Pakistani cement industry has faced significant

challenges recently, including a increase in demand
due to the impact of floods on infrastructure and a
construction slowdown caused by political
uncertainty.

The government’s fiscal constraints and limited

foreign aid have delayed rehabilitation efforts, further
affecting cement demand. Additionally, the economic
slowdown in global markets has resulted in lower
cement exports. Furthermore, the industry has also
been impacted by the massive increase in prices of
construction materials.
Cement dispatches showed a hefty decline of 24.2
per cent in March 2023.

Making cement also emits a lot of dangerous air

pollution that’s linked to an array of health harms;
the cement industry is the third largest source of
industrial air pollution such as sulfur dioxide,
nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide.

More over, extraction of materials such as

limestone and gympsom also is a very dangerous
and expensive process wich puts lives of workers
at risk
Mahdiya Malik

INPUTS

iron oxide, aluminium oxide,

limestone, silicone oxide,
01 magnesium oxide.
labour
 PROCESSES
Stage 1: Raw Material extraction
-The raw cement ingredients needed for cement production are limestone (calcium), sand
and clay (silicon, aluminum, iron), shale, fly ash, mill scale, and bauxite.

Stage 2: Grinding proportioning and blending

Stage 3: Pre-heating raw materials
Stage 4: Kiln Phase
-The kiln phase is the principal stage of the cement production process. Here, clinker is
produced from the raw mix through a series of chemical reactions between calcium and
silicon dioxide compounds.

Stage 5: Cooling anf final grinding

-After exiting the kiln, the clinker is rapidly cooled down from 2000°C to 100°C-200°C by
passing air over it.Gypsum is also added in this stage

Stage 6: Packing a shipping

Outputs of cement production include
cement clinker, which is the main
component of cement, as well as
various gases such as carbon dioxide
(CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and
nitrogen oxides (NOx). Additionally,
cement production also generates dust
and particulate matter.
 References:
https://www.sciencedirec.com
https://iips.com.pk
hns