Y Alcohols , Phenols) ane Ethers... >” Hydxony) daxivat- | Stuuctune)— «Tn aliohold, oxygen fuiroduction... ‘web of hydvocaxbons axe alcohols. peal axe formed when a hydrogen atom ina hydlxocaxbon is replaced! by OH group. Furrctional group in as Ue 8. iat f Class? ication: <— * Alcohols axe classi}ted as mono, di, tt ex po lighydoae compeunds di Erie, for) whethex thky contol one, two ox theree atom of the - OH ox0up 15 attached to Sha hy Volisecl canbe by 4iyma bend: le EE is due to xepulsion between unshared pair of eleltens of, oxyge7t- 242 nop Ou sPuctuxe of Methanol Asc 108-3 H # Lomond « lahes ray exhibrt chats sosi tional and inckfonal isomexis™. co. (e e Functional Boma opalcohelt axe OAe)2.5 H20.o% Na Bity /yo™ one. Hi |H30" Hydat”of alkenes \, Alkene \ arti it 7 Cydrobexati” anitimen KeniKoy susle oxydation of AlKene) (op wties Physical @ Th aloholl, bot ling potnts olecneases with increase of branching tn Caxbon chalrr duce to deckease in Van lex Waalt ee with decrease in Sungate aX Efecto) He Cotoly st = n-Buty alcohol > Teobuty] aleahet> terdiany butyl alcohol © Soluble! alcohol fnwatet yo Cat Increase iN size of oky! dare© fide nature of alcohols ts Lest tha % 4 Chemical Reactions protorza ted water due to election) 2eleasing- | can act as nucleophiles and leone act as selecttophites, ae . ea A ps SA. H— R-0-H +0H™ pide of Alcohol alcohols ane OM ety cenj.a. cong: bate addit 'n natuxe. Alcohee behay Brayittd acti. With barcepaaem than 1 alkaloid. 0. H +? B— B- Or R wa Bose & a pecan @Aidic chaxactt of alcohols fs due to pilex nakuxe of O-H bend. © rixtuxe of Cone. HCL and OP IKyl qroups, bein electron xeleasing, anhydxoul Zn Cle 1s called! Lucas Heagerte fate Pncreased electton density on are onygen tending to decrease the polarc NEET O-Hbond . So acid strength of ‘wkohold 4 deouases. td SLAYER Y RCO >p CHOH >> aS C-oH © Action with HX RoHt Hx Sti ext Heo Onder of, Mackhfly HI 7HOx>HU7HE 8Alcohol>2*aleohel 7 L'alcahel ») [42> Alechab debydsiegenated ta Aldehyde 2» Pleohol denyiegerated 3% Alcohol Cane os ce | Hx |Znke {RX (lucas ss) 15253°aleonotFy Hyaroborarion Reaction — + Uses og ethanl *— (HycHe CH= CH Salle i 2 — hO,H30, 00H? A preservative fe biologitad specimens, CH3CHe CH2OH an antipreeze for automobile radiators, a fuel in spat Lamps, Stovels 2 Gore Com mexcally Linp.) pobtol subssiute Known a4 po" Alcohols Reactions. |" alcohol. Methane aera » Known as wood. sprit. P heno IS. Es 4 Pacpanation. af Spuictuxe. Re Coto ee racer, CIBOH penal “bpm 573- 673K ¢ The C0 bond lengir is slfg pene fess than tn -methanel. This is dite epoxation a ae gu ee fe a CH, Tnveetye account of conjugar x op ha On t Hao “Yeage* Ce HO, (glucte) oo Fe Tees with the +CG Hy, 06 fs Gppuuctose) °. +CgHy0g Armes uct nt enue PCa H50H +20, Ye = Ges) 42 Hao BASED Ca HesOH + phenol has highex boiling, ptr than stax = maltose | the axenes or haloarcnes ox ethers + Cp. Hau + H20 Sr 2CcH2d, \Sar”e moleculax wepyht It is re cone —_ | poremation sntermolecula hyde + Cotnds Rta eee bend. % lie Ce fs the hydxocaxbon art Proxeases 777 Key Note Fy ne fndustite saey erred 083, He Solubil ky decreases mas suit ts devraruned bo make lt 10775. un, dnking. The denatuked 2) 6, Oe dl te also Called methylated [CD Acidic atuxe of phenat. opiruke @ Alcohols and phenols Bera active metal lKe Nay, At ett. berate # Uses 04 Methanol. Inyabog ge © Used in the pxe ation methylated 5 i oe se QROH +2Na—> 2RONG HHe- xectivied spi St (95.6 ethy! Bee “k 2. GOH $2Na—>2G Hs Na+ Ho 4.4 "lo water ) and methy! alchel makinyy ethy! alcohat anpit | Ee fee danking.K Orden of aciclic steength phenols is a& follows -— OH oH oH on “ey (lo, ve OL > ® > Cy Se No, NON No, o-nito | Rode, fe 3,5-dinfwo p-nitto Pied phenol 'phere) © Election Heleasing groups I?ke alkyl groups tncxcase the electron density on oxygen and clevreose the polaxtiy of 0-H bond. This sea the acidic steeng th. x The orden of, acidic Strength ig2— H20 >RCHOH >R,CHOH>Re COW i i, + al ap Relative acd stiength. o. eS i) . a si Q se © Caxboxylit add > Caxbonic aid > Noe phenol 3 hs phenol > Methyl alcohol> Water > "phen m-cxese)] p-cxesal ou other alcohols. © The xeactions of phenol uith metal as wel at NadH fndicate that plaerok is xelatively moxe acidic than alcohols aldo water, @ The sp*caxbon altached to ‘0? bein More’ electronegative than carbon of alcohols, Ft decKeases tre electton denstig, om oxygen. Bi ecause og this, oxygen olevelops still moxe electton 7) eo chaxactex and xeleadesptot? nnbe separated by Seiilatton. by tal ing the shored pale of elector a nftropheniol fs sa yolatile due to with it- Pelee 0 The acidic nature opptrenctcan @ p-nittophenol 73 less volatile due te also be explained on basis OH Hesonanc, on per eoleeulax hyde nbend Stabilization 4 henoxide ior. NEET SLAYER... & (9 © Acidtc stengeh inexeasel with the decxease 4 pla volutes. © Grecakex the pha value, weaker Y add. © Election Heleasin Ee like -CHs9 -GHs ete.. decrease acidic stvengia of phenol and election withdxa win. A group tnexeases acidic sPtength of phen Ortho and paxa isomeuHC CHs 5 H HC C-0-0-H 40. 1 soe CSchotkn -Baurmen Rx”) ( pp enelphthalitn) } oe ©Py Rime Teemann Reacti OH oy oO o) CHa 3 KOH H eee cphile i ae py #Kolbe’s xeacton — phenoxide ton gen crated by treatin. cm with Sodium hyduoxide i fs even mexe xeactive than phenol towards electrophilic axomatic Substitution. Hence, * undergoes clecktaphitic Substitution? with caxbon dioxtde,a weal clecttophile. O-ttho hyduoxybencofel add 1s as the main xeaction duct. @ 2 KOH 15 used #7 Kolbe’s Keaction axahyd roxy benzoic act. will be fotmed a4 major ne oH ona oe NaoH (y-2 eos COOH pheno) gate” ae a # Oxidation >— phenel on oxidation with chromic add (Ha,CGx2074 HaS0y) produces Ethers... TSbructuxe Of Ether. in tetrahedral erg ener: "Bond angle is sity tettahednal angle due 1 te ute Tnteraction wid2 bulky aly! ER) gptoups: cbuxe ue 2 ee oes CH ie ~CHs ¢ y By dehydxation of, alcohols. a Ve diethy! ether by, ped condensation 4x” Cason Tha tec +H 2) Williamson Symthuis. e Alkyl halide xeacls with Sodium 6x tassium alkoxide to ie ether. The Preaction epvavet Sn2 se ae alkoxide fon on fated te yt Raid K+ R'ONa—> 20 R?t Nox Cyrg0Na +Cotg b> Cos 0G Hs +NeT. © In ethers, the poux electtorip an» Ie = Ce the two Er a and two aes electors of oxygen axe Biche Greater than ¥ 1 I i i u i 1 i 1 i 1 1 i a 1 1 a i 1 i 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 4 7 1 1 1 1 | 1 | | | ich is a con re Be Be a alts le AlKoxide axe nucleophiles os wurst henols axe slowly, oxidised t daxk me silt ‘en contabning Gor G i i a ay Wi, on sym mths 1H ey ti (i hatédes alKenes os oe ro iy a ejiea we elimn: chy as OO OS eeu BrtNaO— Scie oe ea ae cH3age ox 7 CHSONa > (os) Gio = + Na By cH g hens ax Slightly, Soluble in wakex| ad Headily solubte ™| oraante Oxonium Saltz :— \@ a solvent due to tack a4 H-bonding, ae | Boiling pag Di ether fs less tan WS functional isomer b Diethyl oxenium bromide. | anol CeaHyo) ce in sraee teas rp onemical Reactions i— 2 9 H (a | Dict oxen hydteger sutrate. | 9 Pthexs axe less xeactive than C (ee "SCHOO Ets a (atl 0-Gty chloro dtebnyl. ether) C2) Reactions of Proreal axyaert. GH5-0-C.He +00) > GHs-0- GH y © Foxmation 0 Cperoxide) Ig -0-CHe tHE ICH -b 5 ea ( Coils) pe i (ach aed aleonals ue to rion avoblabilite of @) Reales "ovaling cerone, active hydrogen. CL) Alkyt groups which undergo % C—G. bond. — © Ra" of oe ave. classified ¢nto wD Aetion of sulphuric autdl DB, UO'C CoH5-O-CyHa + HeSOyore) Oe 10S C.Hg0H + Cz H5 HS0q substitution Hx. Gi) Action of HX. @) Ethereal oxygen which co-ordénats| R-oR + HX—> RX + ROH with election dagtetert molecules | Roy ¢ HX— RX THO ie 0c Thee wih excess 2 «Tin the hot condition wii EXs @) Coxbon- Oxygen bond which a oat hee Shows some «cleavage HAHN. | oe t2HT A> 2Cad Tt ae eee id A) Reactions of obhyk GOP: | eye ene cleavage 15 oF alkyl ongger Di ether seals ath i & PT Hydhegens at cabo abe axe easily gubsnituced mn te Bee condition. OES CH: CH3CH20CH2CH3 Sank” "3 Gee entre toe 0 tH @)-6oK) an © Halogenation — |dute 0 low HeackiViby of oxyt OnE}? Se chloxine ot | bond: In the cleavage of i mixe am halogen subsithite | ethers lower alltye poup pm at iodide. NEET. Syayer CoV@ fiction of HK -— R-OR t HK— Rx + ROH Paxa isomex obtained ir Fj wiele. o x OCH ots cH. Gan) alky oup 'S presertt Tt paxms Bee fr , ar ial foarte |otae, Ss Ge (ii) C-OtHs + HI cHy0H) +ccxs), cx | ae (g- OC Ms FHI CHT 4.0. H50H Gers Cee) OR 1H aK tmaLter t = oF sthera| Nittation i a + RX one gleaved OCHs OCHS OCHs puyger bond dite te mokestable. oHyH oy eso toy" Bear on ae : 2-Niboanitele monies = cminex) NG: U-Niveanfiole GHs5-O-CoHs + Hs0 —> 2 Ca Hs OH *Eitedal- Capt aasice) Cskam) 2 ote. Heackion oe © Action of, Plls >— a ons ary egy S08 ‘H3¢¢ ———+" (+ Bt ay 2-methoxy toluene Hs Cminex) 4-methox: toluen, GH5-0- GHs t Pg? 2G He Ut POU; o Aesert a, acetyl chloide + G5-0-GHs + CHycou Bs, CHCl + CH COOCHs NEET SLAYER. eae CoHg—O- Cats + Ccls@2),0 28a OlIe> 2.05 C00BC H5 o oxidation *— eens add. CaHgOGHs + (0) —tatads 2cis(H0 acid Kz. 6401, 90145 c00H. Unlock Jou Potential pd © Dehydxation = Ab03 CHO Cs BE —2eHch tO | Ty'@_sashafsiie— # Electtos nile axomatic e Heed SPIES Spubletuston on Ariel 7 | Tetegrem: NEET S)AYER.