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Introduction

Democracy -Meaning, Origins, Philosophy

Democracy in Contemporary World

Pakistan, A unique state in creation -

• Ideological base
• No preparation of constitution during the struggle period
• Democracy weakened due to Quaid's death

From Democracy to Dictatorship, Chief reasons of Failure

• Corrupt politicians
• Feudalism
• Elitist Bureaucracy
• Army
• Illiteracy & Poverty

Military Versions of Democracy

• Ayub's Basic Democracies

• Zia's Islamization
• Musharraf's Endeavours

Democracy under Civilian Governments

Curses to Democracy

• By Military
• By Civilians

Democracy, the road ahead

Conclusion
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Outlines :-

1) Definition of Democracy
2) Historical Background
3) Emergence of Democracy
4) Kinds of Democracy
- Direct Democracy
- Indirect Democracy
5) Aspects of Democracy
- Political Aspect
- Economic Aspect
- Social Aspect
6) Characteristics of Democracy
- Civil Rights
- No claim to power on permanent basis
- Political Accountability
- Freedom of Expression
- Proper Consultation
7) Disadvantages of Democracy
- Intricate System
- Perverted role of leadership
- Economic Injustice according to Socialists
- Slow process of decision making
- Lack of common virtues
8) Advantages of Democracy
- Stable Government
- Popular Government
- Socialization Process
- Public Interest
- Code of life
9) Islamic Concept of Democracy
10) Democracy in Pakistan
11) Failure of Democracy in Pakistan
- Military Dictatorship for 26 years
- Constitutional Dilemma’s
- Uneducated Masses
- Lack of Interest in Politics
- Instability
- Concept of Family Politics
- Weak Judiciary
- Dual role of media
- Political Parties conspiracies against each other
- Political Follies
12) Future of Democracy in Pakistan
13) Conclusion
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Outline

• Democracy and Pakistan – Present, Past and Future

• Importance of democracy

• Threats to democracy

1. Weak political institutions

2. Influence of Military
3. Economic difficulties
4. Social Norms
5. Illiteracy – lack of political of awareness
6. Unemployment and poverty
7. Image of political leadership
8. Power politics
9. Foreign interference
10. Unbridled media
11. Feudalism and racism
12. Grievances of small provinces
13. Relation with India
14. Terrorism and extremism

• Suggestions to meet the challenges

1. Strengthing of political parties and political culture

2. Sovereignty of parliament and other statuary
3. Independence of judiciary
4. Eradication of illiteracy
5. Political awareness
6. Democratic norms
7. Economic uplift
8. Emergence of new leadership
9. Participation of youth in political process
10. Mature and tolerant politics
11. Independence of media
12. Accountability

• Our strengths

1. Presence of pro-democracy leadership

2. Active Civil Society
3. Independent Media
4. Determined and dedicated nation
5. Pakistani Youth
• Conclusion