Ramp--function generator RGE

Symbol

RGE
Input quantity -- X N2 N2 Y -- Output quantity
Upper limit value -- LU YA -- Acceleration value
Lower limit value -- LL B1 QE -- Output Y = input X
Output setting value -- SV QU -- Upper limit value reached
Ramp--up time -- TU R2 QL -- Lower limit value reached
Ramp--down time -- TD
Higher -- CU B1
Lower -- CD
Output = input -- CF
Set -- S

Application Block diagram

Ramp--function generator to limit the rate of change of CU TU TD SV LL LU
input quantity X.
CD
Control
The output quantity can be limited. CF logic
Independent adjustment as well as change of the X
following quantities during operation: Y
- Ramp--up and ramp--down times
- Output limits LU and LL
- Setting value YA

Flexible ramp--function generator functions: QE

S
- Initial value can be set ( Þ load SV into integrator)
QU
- Ramp--function generator output can be corrected,
integrating to setpoint X QL
- Ramp--function generator output can be increased
and decreased, integrating
Valid for the acceleration value for ramp--up:

Mode of operation YA = TA
TU for Y > 0
The function block has an integrator with two separately
adjustable integral action time constants. Output Y YA = - TA for Y < 0
TU
changes according to the algorithm.
Valid for the acceleration value for ramp--down:
Yn = Yn--1 + YAn
YA = - TA for Y > 0
Acceleration value YA is separately calculated for TD
ramp--up and ramp--down, and is provided at an output. TA
YA = for Y < 0
TD
Ramp--up is when the output value Y moves away from
TA = sampling time
zero.
Ramp--down is when output value Y approaches zero. Changeover between ramp--up and ramp--down time is
realized at direction change and at the zero crossover
point of the transfer function.

Siemens AG Item No.: 465 980.7104.23 05.96 2--1

SIMADYN D ¡ Standard Function Blocks P16
RGE Ramp--function generator

The mode is preset via control logic as a function of the
logical statuses of control inputs S, CF, CU and CD.
The output quantity can be limited using inputs LU and
LL. When the set limit has been reached, Y is used to
signal the condition at the binary outputs with QU=1 or
QL=1.
Binary output QE=1, if Y=X.
Ramp--up and ramp--down times
Ramp--up time TU is the time, in which the output value
increases by 100%.
Ramp--down time TD is the time in which the output
value is reduced by 100%.
Ramp--up and ramp--down times can be set differently.
The lower TA/TU or TA/TD, then the lower is the
amplitude change at Y from one sampling instant to the
next.
TA is the sampling time with which the function block is
processed.
Modes and control of the ramp--function generator
The following priorities are valid for the control inputs:
S before CF before CU and CD.
Function of the control inputs:
S =1: Setting value SV is loaded into the integrator --
no integrating
CF =1: Output Y tracks, integrating, setpoint X
CU =1: Output Y tracks, integrating, in direction LU
CD =1: Output Y tracks, integrating, in direction LL
The combination of commands at the control inputs and
the possible modes can be taken from the truth tables.
For standard ramp--function generator operation,
LL± 0± LU and LL<Yn<LU. However, other settings are
possible which are explained in the following.
The following is valid for the setting with LL² LU:
Limit LU is dominant over limit LL.
Integrator behavior at the limits
If output Y reaches limits LL or LU during the control
process, the integrator value is held. Output value Y is
then held constant, until the integrator value leaves the
limit when one of the input parameters changes.
If the integrator is at the limit, and the limit is changed,
the integrator behaves differently depending on the
direction of the limit value change.
If the absolute limit value is increased, and if the control
logic specifies that the ramp--function generator should
ramp--up in the same direction, the integrator integrates
from the previously held value according to the set
ramp--up time, until the output reaches the limit value
again.
If the absolute limit value is reduced, the integrator
integrates, from the previously held value, according to
the selected ramp--down time, until the output again
reaches the limit value.
Notes
The integrator operates internally with increased
accuracy, so that it still continues to integrate even for
small setpoint--actual value differences. It should be
ensured, that the sampling time is sufficiently low in
relation to the ramp--up and ramp--down time.
The illustrated operating gradient for acceleration YA
can be used to
a) determine the ramp--up respectively ramp--down
time if acceleration YA is specified, for example
YA=1% => TU/TA=100 => TU=100¡TA=
400ms/ TA=4ms
b) convert the ramp--up respectively ramp--down time in
a proportional value, for example:
ramp--up time=400ms=100¡TA/TA=4ms
? YA=1%
? TU as a proportional value

Truth table, ramp--function generator stop

S CF CU CD YAn Yn Mode Comments

0 0 0 0 0 Yn--1 Stop Y = constant

LL<LU and LL<actual value Yn--1<LU

1 * * * Step SVn Set output to SV SV, any value, fixed or variable

0 1 * * TA/TU; TA/TD Yn--1 +YAn Standard operation Y ® X TU for [X > Y ? Y ³ 0] ? [X < Y ? Y £ 0]

TD for [X > Y ? Y < 0] ? [X < Y ? Y > 0]

0 0 1 0 TA/TU (TA/TD) Yn--1 +YAn Approach upper limit value Y ® LU TU,TD as before, dep. on the initial position

0 0 0 1 TA/TD (TA/TU) Yn--1 +YAn Approach lower limit value Y ® LL TU,TD as before, dep. on the initial position

* = any

2--2 05.96 Siemens AG Item No.: 465 980.7104.23

SIMADYN D ¡ Standard Function Blocks P16

Ramp--function generator RGE

Transfer functions Example 3: Set integrator with LL<LU

X,Y
1
CU
LU 0
1
CD
0
X1
LL < LU LL>LU LL < LU
1.0 Y
-1.0
LU

TU TD
X2 X4
TU TD
t

1.0 Reduce
--1.0 limit
t
X
Y X3
Increase
Reduce
LL limit
limit
Example 1: CF=1 with LL<LU and LL<X<LU, and LL
X1=150%, X2=X4=0.%, X3=-150%, LU=199%,
LL=-200%, TU>TD Example 4: Changing and interchanging limits LU and
LL
1
CU 0
1
CD
0 Operating gradient for acceleration YA
Y
YA
LU in %
100

10

t 1

LL 0.1
Example 2: Motorized potentiometer function with CU
and CD and with LL<LU, TU>TD 0.01

1
S 0

CF
1
0 100 101 102 103 104 16384
TU , TD
1 YA TA
CD 0

LU
X

SV

t
Technical data
Computation time 60 ms
LL

Siemens AG Item No.: 465 980.7104.23 05.96 2--3

SIMADYN D ¡ Standard Function Blocks P16