 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

0
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 W،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ?   ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  E ‫א‬ ‫א‬ F ? ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬          ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

1
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬
1 
 4  
5 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
7  ‫א‬
7 ‫א‬‫א‬
12 ‫א‬
17 ‫א‬
18 ‫א‬
 20  ‫א‬‫א‬
22 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
23 W‫א‬‫א‬
24 W‫א‬‫א‬
 25  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 28  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 30  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 35  K‫א‬‫א‬
 36  K‫א‬
 37  K‫א‬‫א‬
 39  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 41  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 42  W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 44  W‫א‬
 46  ‫א‬‫א‬
 48  W‫א‬
 50  W‫א‬‫א‬
 53  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 56  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 57  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 58  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 61  ‫א‬‫א‬
 63  ‫א‬
 65  ‫א‬
 67  W‫א‬
 67  ‫א‬
 69  ‫א‬‫א‬
 71  K‫א‬
 74  K‫א‬‫א‬
 78  ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

3
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W78‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 30 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 9  ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 15  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 24  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
  

4
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 

‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

5
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  {  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

6
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
   { ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
    {‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
‫א‬   KE‫א‬F ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    
.‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬    K‫א‬  
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬ J1
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬      ،    ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

 
 
 
 

7
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J

 
‫א‬WEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ _
 K‫א‬‫א‬
E9mm،7mm،5mm،3mmFW
 E1H, 2H , 3H, HB , 1B , 2B , 3BFW   

 
 
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 

8
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

: ‫א‬ K2
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
2  0.8 – 0.4 – 0.2– 0.1F ‫א‬‫א‬

 KE
 

 
 
 
WETF‫א‬–3
 {‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
  ‫א‬   
  
 ‫א‬    {‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
   K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K 
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

9
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬K4
‫א‬60،45،30‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 45L 45   60L 30W
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،
 K‫א‬

10
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K5
    ‫א‬  K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   E ‫א‬ ‫א‬ F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬KKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K6
‫א‬          W ‫א‬ K 
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬       ،    ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،W‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 
 
 

11
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬
 
W‫א‬K7
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬   
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬÷‫א‬Z‫א‬
 5 χ 5 W
   ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 
‫؟‬100/1
W‫א‬
 500Z5
 5Z100÷500
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 5 χ 5 W
‫؟‬100/1‫א‬‫א‬
5Z500Z100χ5Z‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬         
  KE30F{‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬K8
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
KA7A0 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

12
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬ EF‫א‬
A0 1189 × 841
 
A1 841 × 594  
A2 594 × 420  
A3 420 × 297  
A4 297 × 210  
A5 210 × 148  
A6 148 × 105  
A7 105 × 74
 
 
 
A0
A7
 
A5 A6
  A3
 
A4
  A1
 

A2

13
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬K9
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
    

  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬ J10
‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
     
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 {‫א‬
   {‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

14
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬       E 29.7 C  42 F  A3   
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ETF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬            ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬   E  ‫א‬      ‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   {‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
 {‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬
 K‫א‬EF
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

15
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

16
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K26C40‫א‬{1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K1‫א‬1‫א‬K1
 K1‫א‬2‫א‬K2
x1 3‫א‬ K3
 K1
 
 45EF 4 ‫א‬ K4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬،‫א‬ J

17
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

40
1
2 1

26
4 3

‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
F{‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 W‫א‬{E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،100/1E 2F‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬1‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬، 50/1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬،20/1‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، 0/1 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ J4
،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 

18
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬

 

19
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬1‫א‬
100/1K
 50/1K
 20/1K
 10/1K
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

20
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬  

  

21
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬W‫א‬  J1
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  J
 K 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W  J

 ‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 

22
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬  J2
20F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E10F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E
15F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E30F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،E
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬،E2H
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

23
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬ J3
 WE112F‫א‬
 K‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 

 

 

24
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬50L1،E8F100L1،E
K‫א‬‫א‬
،E12F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K100L1،E9F‫א‬،50L1
 

 
25
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫ﺟﺪول ﻧﻤﺎذج اﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎت‬

 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  
 ‫א‬
  1.00 2.20  1
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
  0.80 2.20  2
 ‫א‬
 
1.00 1.40 1.20 1
 
 
1,60 0.80 0.60 2
 

 
  

26
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫ א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ،E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬FW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
         K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
         K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
         K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
         K‫א‬ K4
         K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
         K‫א‬‫א‬ K6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
       
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬
 

27
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

28
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

29
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ERetaining WallF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

30
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

31
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

32
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 
 K‫א‬

33
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

34
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E1F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K1
 K50:1
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K2
 K50:1


 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

35
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E2F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ K3
 K‫א‬ K4
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K4
.‫א‬

 

36
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E3F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K6
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K6
 
 

37
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫ א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 E‫א‬FW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
        K‫א‬‫א‬ 1
         K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 2
        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 3

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬
  

38
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 

 
 
 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

39
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
K 
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

40
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬       ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬2 J1‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

41
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E1F
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K 
 K 
 K 

W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

42
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

43
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E2F
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

44
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

45
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E3F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 


 


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 





 ‫א‬



 ‫א‬
 



 
 
 
 

46
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

47
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   2  ‫א‬     K1
 K‫א‬
 K4‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3

 E4F
 ،E3 J1FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

48
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬

49
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
  2G40G40   2G20G20   ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  4‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬
L 350 J300‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬24–12‫א‬ K5

 
E5F
 KE3 J2FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

50
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

51
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫ א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
E F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬FW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 


        1
K‫א‬

        2
K‫א‬
        K 3
         K‫א‬ 4
‫א‬       
        5
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

52
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

53
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬        ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬      ‫א‬  ،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

55
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E1F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E2F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
  ،25:1   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 

57
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E3F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 K5:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K5:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 

58
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

 
 
 

59
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

 
 
60
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 E4F‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
 K2:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K2:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 

61
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

.‫א‬‫א‬

  

62
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
 E5F
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬   
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

63
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  

64
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 E6F
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬   
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

65
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  

66
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 E7F‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬   
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬
 K10:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K10:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

67
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  

68
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 E8F
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬
 K10:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K10:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

69
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
  

70
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E9F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K 
 K 
 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬

71
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

72
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

0.20
1.30
0.15 0.20
0.15 0.20 1.00 0.20 1.00
1.00 0.20 0.20 0.15

  ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ﻋﺮﺿﻲ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة‬

 
 
 
 
 
0.15 0.20 1.00 0.20 1.00 0.20 1.00 0.200.15

0.15 ‫ م‬20.00 0.15

‫ﻣﺴﻘﻂ أﻓﻘﻲ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة‬

 
 
 
 
 

73
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E10F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K50:1‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬
 

74
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

75
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  

76
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫ א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E F
K‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
‫א‬‫א‬ 1
       
K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   2
       
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 3
       
K‫א‬
        K‫א‬‫א‬ 4
    ‫א‬   5
       
K‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬   6
       
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
        K‫א‬ 7
         K‫א‬‫א‬ 8

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
   
   
   
   
   

 
 
 

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