oo ff {| WORKING OF INSTITUTIONS } | Chapter at a Glancell [[iew ies weir Potey Decision Tako? ‘A Government Order + Also called Office Memorandum + Its an order issued by the governmant to exchange information relating to day-to-day functions within is institutions. + Ibis just tke an advisory but wth ordars of ts enforcement, * One such order was issued by the Government of India In 1990 regarding @ major policy decision —+ 27% reservation to SEBC in all cil posts and services under the Government of India. Second Backward Classes Commission set up in 1979, headed by BP Mandal Review the condiion of backward/depressed casses and suggest steps for their advancement, ‘Commission submitted its report in 1880 with recommendations, 227% reservation in government jobs for SEBC. Discussion held in Parliament but not implemented, Prime Minister VP Singh proposed its implementation in 1989, President of India address Parliament to announce government intention to implement the recommendations of Mandal ‘Commission. 11990, formal decision for implementation taken by the cabinet, VP Singh informed both the Houses of Parlament. Decision sent to concerned department. Became office Memorandum No. 36012/13/90 on 13! August 1990. Hot debates Different views and opinions surtaced in newspapers and magazines. Widespread protests and counter-protests. People and associations approach courts against the order. Proceedings held with eleven Supreme Court judges who heard arguments Declared the order valid in 1992. ‘Suggestions by Supreme Court to modify the order by excluding well-to-do people among backward classes from geting bonefit of reservation, Working of Institutions