1

1 An aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide is alkaline.

Identify which one of these pH values represents the pH of an alkaline solution.

Draw a circle around the correct answer.

pH 1 pH 4 pH 7 pH 10

[1]

[Total: 1]

2 The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table.

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

H
N O F Ne
Mg Al Cl
K Ca Cr Fe Cu Zn Br
I

Answer the following questions using only the symbols of the elements in the diagram.
Each symbol may be used once, more than once or not at all.

State the symbol of the element that:

(a) is a monoatomic gas at room temperature

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) is a liquid at room temperature

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
2−
(c) forms a stable ion of type X

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) is extracted from hematite

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) forms an ion whose aqueous solution gives a grey-green precipitate on addition of aqueous
ammonia.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]
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3 Farmers spread calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) on fields where crops are grown.

Explain why.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

4 Identify which one of these pH values represents the pH of a solution of carbon dioxide in water.

Draw a circle around the correct answer.

pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 14

[1]

[Total: 1]

5 One way of determining pH is to use a pH meter.

Describe one other way of determining pH.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

6 The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table.

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

H
N O F
Al Cl Ar
K Ca Br
I
Pt

Answer the following questions using only the symbol of the elements in the diagram.
Each symbol may be used once, more than once or not at all.

State the symbol of the element that:

(a) is a fuel which is a gas at room temperature

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
 3

(b) is used to kill bacteria in water

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
3+
(c) forms a stable ion of type X

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) is a grey-black non-metallic solid at room temperature

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) forms an ion which, on addition of aqueous sodium hydroxide, gives a white precipitate
which is soluble in excess aqueous sodium hydroxide.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

7 Describe a test for carbon dioxide.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

result ....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

8 When magnesium reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide is produced.

Complete this description of the test for sulfur dioxide using words from the list.

blue chloride colourless

green manganate(VII) sulfate(VI)

The test for sulfur dioxide uses acidified aqueous potassium ....................................... .

The colour change is from purple to .................................... . [2]

[Total: 2]

9 Describe the test for hydrogen.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

result ....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

10 This question is about elements.

aluminium
 4

carbon
iron
hydrogen
oxygen
silicon
sodium
sulfur

Answer the following questions about these elements.

Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.

(a) Name the element that can be used as a fuel.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Name the element that forms an oxide with a similar structure to diamond.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Name the element that forms an amphoteric oxide.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Name the element that has oxidation states of +2 and +3.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) Name the element extracted from bauxite.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(f) Name the element that has atoms with the electronic structure 2,6.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

11 Ammonia is a weak base.

Explain the meaning of the term base.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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12 A student wanted to make hydrated iron(II) sulfate crystals, FeSO4•xH2O, by adding excess
iron(II) carbonate to dilute sulfuric acid. The student followed the procedure shown.

step 1 Add dilute sulfuric acid to a beaker.

step 2 Add small amounts of iron(II) carbonate to the dilute sulfuric acid in the beaker until the
iron(II) carbonate is in excess.

step 3 Filter the mixture formed in step 2.

step 4 Heat the filtrate until it is a saturated solution. Allow to cool.

step 5 Once cold, pour away the remaining solution. Dry the crystals between filter papers.

(a) Why must the iron(II) carbonate be added in excess in step 2?

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State two observations in step 2 that would show that iron(II) carbonate was in excess.

1 ......................................................................................................................................

2 ...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Describe what should be done during step 3 to ensure there is a maximum yield of crystals.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) A saturated solution is formed in step 4.

Describe what a saturated solution is.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(e) Name a different compound that could be used instead of iron(II) carbonate to produce hydrated
iron(II) sulfate crystals from dilute sulfuric acid.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

13 Soluble salts can be made by adding a metal carbonate to a dilute acid.

Give the formula of the dilute acid which reacts with a metal carbonate to form a nitrate salt.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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14 Ammonia is a weak base.

Suggest the pH of aqueous ammonia.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

15 Insoluble salts can be made by mixing solutions of two soluble salts.

A student followed the procedure shown to make silver bromide, an insoluble salt.

step 1 Add aqueous silver nitrate to a beaker. Then add aqueous potassium bromide and stir.

step 2 Filter the mixture formed in step 1.

step 3 Dry the residue

(a) State the term used to describe this method of making salts.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Give the observation the student would make during step 1.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Write the ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous silver nitrate and aqueous potassium
bromide

Include state symbols.

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

16 Describe a test for ammonia gas.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

result ....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

17 Describe a chemical test for calcium ions.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

observations ........................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

18 A list of symbols and formulae is shown.

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CH4
−
Cl
CO2
3+
Cr
2+
Cu
2+
Fe
H2
+
K
N2
O2
SO2

Answer the following questions about these symbols and formulae.

Each symbol or formula may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Which symbol or formula represents:

(a) a compound produced by the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) an element which is used as a fuel

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) a gas which forms 78% of clean dry air

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) an ion which forms a blue precipitate when added to aqueous sodium hydroxide

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) an ion formed when an atom gains an electron?

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]
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19 Universal indicator is added to an aqueous solution of carbon dioxide.

• What colour change is observed?

from green to ....................................................................................................................

• Give a reason for your answer.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

20 A list of symbols and formulae is shown.

3+
Al
CH4
CO2
3+
Fe
N2
NO2
O2
2-
O
2+
Zn

Answer the following questions about these symbols and formulae.

Each symbol or formula may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Which symbol or formula represents:

(a) a compound which contributes to acid rain

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) a compound which is a product of respiration

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) a gas which forms 21% of clean dry air

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) an ion which forms a red-brown precipitate when added to aqueous sodium hydroxide

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
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(e) an ion formed when an atom gains electrons?

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

21 Acids have characteristic properties.

Hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium.

Name the products of this reaction and give the observations.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]

22 Describe a test for carbon dioxide.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

observations ........................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

23 Describe a test for potassium ions.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

observations ........................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

24 Aqueous chlorine reacts with aqueous magnesium bromide.

Cl2 + MgBr2 → Br2 + MgCl2

(a) How does this reaction show that chlorine is more reactive than bromine?

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) What colour is bromine in aqueous solution?

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
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[Total: 2]

25 Universal indicator is added to an aqueous solution of sodium oxide.

• What colour change is observed?

from green to ..........................................................................................................................

• Give a reason for your answer.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

26 When sodium reacts with carboxylic acids, hydrogen is produced.

Describe a test for hydrogen.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

observations ........................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

27 Aqueous sodium hydroxide, NaOH(aq), is a strong alkali that reacts with dilute sulfuric acid
exothermically.

What type of reaction is this?

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

28 This question is about reactions of bases.

Ammonia is a gas at room temperature.

What is the test for ammonia gas? Describe the positive result of this test.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

result ....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

29 Ammonia reacts with water to form ions.

+ −
NH3 + H2O ⇌ NH4 + OH
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(a) How does this equation show that ammonia, NH3, behaves as a base?

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Aqueous ammonia is described as a weak base.

Suggest the pH of aqueous ammonia.

pH = ............................................. [1]

(c) Describe what is seen when aqueous ammonia is added to aqueous copper(II) sulfate, until
no further change is seen.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

30 Describe the test for a nitrate ion.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

result .......................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

31 A student wanted to find the concentration of some dilute sulfuric acid by titration. The student
3 3 3
found that 25.0 cm of 0.0400 mol / dm NaOH(aq) reacted exactly with 20.0 cm of H2SO4(aq).

(a) Name a suitable indicator to use in this titration.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
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3
(b) Calculate the concentration of the H2SO4(aq) in mol / dm using the following steps.
3
• Calculate the number of moles of NaOH in 25.0 cm .

moles = .................................
3
• Deduce the number of moles of H2SO4 that reacted with the 25.0 cm of NaOH(aq).

moles = .................................
3
• Calculate the concentration of H2SO4(aq) in mol / dm .

3
concentration = ......................... mol / dm [3]
3 3
(c) Calculate the concentration of the 0.0400 mol / dm NaOH(aq) in g / dm .

3
concentration = ............................. g / dm [2]

[Total: 6]

32 Sulfur dioxide is a reducing agent.

Give the colour change that occurs when excess sulfur dioxide is bubbled into acidified aqueous
potassium manganate(VII).

starting colour of the solution .................................................................................................

final colour of the solution ....................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

33 Some acids are described as weak acids.

State the meaning of the term weak acid.

weak .......................................................................................................................................

acid ......................................................................................................................................... [2]

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[Total: 2]

34 Barium sulfate is an insoluble salt.

Barium sulfate can be made from aqueous ammonium sulfate using a precipitation reaction.

(a) Name a solution that can be added to aqueous ammonium sulfate to produce a precipitate of
barium sulfate.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Write an ionic equation for this precipitation reaction. Include state symbols.

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 3]

35 A list of compounds is shown.

aluminium oxide
calcium bromide
calcium oxide
ethane
ethene
hydrogen chloride
methane
nitrogen dioxide
potassium iodide
potassium manganate(VII)
sodium chloride

Answer the following questions using only the compounds in the list.
Each compound may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Which compound:

(a) when in acidified solution, is used to test for sulfur dioxide

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) is the main constituent of natural gas

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
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(c) when dissolved in water, gives a yellow precipitate on addition of acidified aqueous
silver nitrate

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) is used in flue gas desulfurisation to neutralise acidic gases

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) is a reactant used in the manufacture of ethanol?

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

36 What is the pH of pure water?

Draw a circle around the correct answer.

pH 0 pH 6 pH 7 pH 14

[1]

[Total: 1]

37 This question is about the reactions of magnesium with nitric acid.

(a) The equation for the reaction of magnesium with concentrated nitric acid is shown.

Mg + 4HNO3 → Mg(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O

(i) The reaction is exothermic

What is the meaning of the term exothermic?

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Which word best describes the compound Mg(NO3)2?

Draw a circle around the correct answer.

acid base oxide salt

[1]

[Total: 2]
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38 Describe the test for carbon dioxide.

test ..........................................................................................................................................

observations ........................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

39 Carbon dioxide is produced when sulfuric acid reacts with sodium carbonate.

Name the two other products which are formed.

........................................................... and ...........................................................

[2]

[Total: 2]

40 When potassium reacts with water, a coloured flame is seen and a gas is produced that pops with
a lighted splint.

(a) Complete the chemical equation for this reaction.

.......K + 2H2O → 2KOH + ............

[2]

(b) State the colour of the flame when potassium reacts with water.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) The solution formed is alkaline.

Describe how you can use universal indicator solution to determine the pH of the solution.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]