j u n i o r

_________________________________________

pronunciation

Most languages have different sounds, and these can be

difficult to pronounce. For example, try getting your English
native speaker partner to say the Polish word for beetle
(“chrząszcz”). How did they do?

Difficult Sounds (for example, there are 2 ways to pronounce “th”)

What letters/sounds do you find difficult to pronounce

in English? Can you say “I think there’s three of them?”
Practice with the following words:

Th /θ/ and F /f/:Thin vs Fin; Three vs Free; Thought vs Fought.

Th /ð/ and D /d/:Than vs Dan; Though vs. Dough/Doe;

There vs. Dare.

Regular verb (-ed ending) = 3 different pronunciations

Regular verb (-ed ending) = 3 different pronunciations

With regular simple past tense verbs, the pronunciation of -ed

With regular simple past tense verbs, the pronunciation of -ed endings changes depending on
theendings changes
final sound of depending
the verb (before on the
the -ed). If it ends in d orfinal
t then sound of the verb
the ed is pronounced /ɪd/, as
in hunted, winded or wanted. Other examples:painted landed fainted If it ends in a voiced
sound then the -ed is pronounced (before the -ed).
/d/, as in hugged, fried or robbed. Other examples: dragged
played mobbedIf it ends in a voiceless sound then the -ed is pronounced /t/, as in talked,
If it ends in d tapped
or t, then theOther
or missed. -edexamples:walked
is pronounced looped /ɪd/,
fished as in hunted,

winded or wanted. Other examples: painted, landed, fainted.

If it ends in a voiced sound, then the -ed is pronounced

/d/, as in hugged, fried or robbed. Other examples:
dragged, played, mobbed.

If it ends in a voiceless sound, then the -ed is pronounced /t/, as

in talked, tapped or missed. Other examples: walked, looped,
fished.
 j u n i o r
_________________________________________

pronunciation

The -ing suffix

The standard pronunciation of the ending -ing in modern English

is /ɪŋ/, e.g. writing, reading. If the phonetic alphabet difficult for
you, you can make it easier for yourself by “dropping” g. Listen to
your English speaking partner and repeat the following words
after them:

reading learning writing running moving

Now please take a look at the following words. Do you know how
to pronounce them?

thing wing sing

In contrast, the pronunciation of words ending with -ink is /ɪŋk/.

Here are some examples:

think wink sink blink ink

Regular verb (-ed ending) = 3 different pronunciations

With regular simple past tense verbs, the pronunciation of -ed endings changes depending on
the final sound of the verb (before the -ed). If it ends in d or t then the ed is pronounced /ɪd/, as
Practice landed fainted If it ends in a voiced
in hunted, winded or wanted. Other examples:painted
sound then the -ed is pronounced /d/, as in hugged, fried or robbed. Other examples: dragged
played mobbedIf it ends in a voiceless sound then the -ed is pronounced /t/, as in talked,
Read the following words to your English native speaker partner
tapped or missed. Other examples:walked looped fished
and get them to write down in their notebook the words they
hear. Now compare your list. How many did they get right?

jogging theatre shrink melted think

dough wrestling mugged theme washed

fink swing the avoided visiting