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ELE0004 Air Conditioning System
ELE0004 Air Conditioning System
Solar V Excavator
Feb, 2009
Overseas Product Support Team
Text No. ELE0004
CONTENTS
I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
• Air Conditioning : Control of temperature, humidity, air flow and a degree of air cleanness.
• Air Conditioner : The system that does air conditioning with heater and cooler.
• The composition of air conditioner.
- Ventilator : The function of air circulation.
- Air Conditioner : Heating, cooling, dehumidification
- An air filter : keep indoor air clean
• Temperature Control
Car HVAC (Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning heating)
- Blower : Making wind
- Evaporator : Cooling the air by using the refrigerant
- Heater Core : Warming the air by using hot coolant from engine
Type - AIR MIX TYPE (generally used), REHEAT TYPE
• Recirculation and Fresh mode
Recirculation mode - Inlet of ventilator is blocked. The air is circulated indoor only.
- When the max. cooling is needed or bad smell (Air) is coming from out side.
Fresh mode - When inflow of fresh air is needed
- Keep windshield from fogging up
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
• Humidity Control
Humidity control prevents windshield from fogging up and keeps the air comfortable and at an even
temperature
2. Basic components
Solenoid Valve Air Conditioner Switch Cooling Unit
Tension Pulley
Compressor
Bracket
Fusible Plug
Compressor Condenser
Receiver drier
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
Inlet
Inlet
High temp. and High
pressure gas
BLOWER
RECEIVER DRIER -Supply air to evaporator High temp. and High
- Removes water out
-Supply Cooled air to the pressure liquid
of liquid COMPRESSOR interior of a car
- Stores refrigerant - The motive power is provided by
Low temp. and Low
engine. pressure liquid
- low temp/pressure gas is converted
into high temp/pressure gas EXPANSION VALVE
Converted Into low Low temp. and Low
-has the magnetic Clutch which pressure gas
controls compressor temp/pressure liquid through
rapid expansion
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
receiver
drier
condenser
Front cooling wind
(℃)
70℃
Refrigerant 55℃
Temperature temp. 50℃
5℃
(㎏/㎠G) 0℃
13㎏/㎠G (Isobaric change)
Refrigerant
Pressure pressure
2.1㎏/㎠G (isobaric change)
2.1㎏/㎠G
High pressure ·high temp. gas High pressure ·middle temp. liquid Low pressure low temp gas
High pressure ·high temp gas + liquid Low pressure ·low temp. gas + liquid Flow of refrigrant
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
5. Major components
1) COMPRESSOR
- Compresses refrigerant gas and circulates it in the cycle. (refrigerant is blood, compressor is heart in human)
- Low pressure gas from evaporator is compressed and sent to condenser.
- Transfers heat from evaporator to condenser (condenser emit heat to air)
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
5. Major components
Displacement Port
- Good dynamic balance / less fluctuation of
torque. Displacement Suction Port
Port
- lack of power for low speed load Rotor
Swash plate
Consumed horsepower for high speed load is Vane (Changeable control)
high
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
5. Major components
2) CONDENSER
• High temp. and pressure gas coming from Compressor is cooled and liquefied at radiator fin or condenser fin.
• The amount of heat emitted from condenser is determined due to;
the amount of heat which evaporator had absorbed from the inside and the amount of work
compressor did to refrigerant gas
• The lack of cooling performance in condenser results;
increasing of high pressure in cooling circuit / high load and low cooling performance
( to prevent this -> need to keep condenser clean and check the state of fan motor )
Air Flow
Fin
Pitch
FIN
FIN &
& TUBE
TUBE TYPE
TYPE SERPENTINE
SERPENTINE TYPE
TYPE PARALLEL
PARALLEL FLOW
FLOW TYPE
TYPE
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
5. Major components
3) RECEIVER DRIER
• Features of Receiver Drier
(1) Stores adequate amount of refrigerant. ( to control the flow of refrigerant in cooling circuit)
(2) Separates bubble from refrigerant.
(3) Separates air in drier and removes dusts in filter.
(4) Releases refrigerant to the air by using fusible plug, when temp and pressure goes up.
(overheating prevention)
(5) Halts condenser when refrigerant runs out.
(6) Checks the level of refrigerant through sight glass (only with old type of refrigerants)
Sight glass
Inlet O ring Sight glass Sight glass
Outlet
Holder
Filter
Drier
RECEIVER
RECEIVER DRIER
DRIER SIGHT
SIGHT GLASS
GLASS
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
5. Major components
4) EXPANSION VALVE
Cool air
Gas Outl
et
Liquid
Air blow
Inlet Expans
(refriger ion
ant) valve
ANGLE
ANGLE TYPE
TYPE BLOCK
BLOCK TYPE
TYPE LAMINATED
LAMINATED TYPE
TYPE OPERATION
OPERATION
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
5. Major components
5) EVAPORATOR
• While passing through expansion valve, the refrigerant liquid is atomized and has lower pressure.
• This evaporates in evaporator by the wind from fan, evaporation heat makes tube fin and the air cool.
- Therefore, Be sure to keep the tube fin clean not to disturb heat exchange
- Iced or frosted fin also disturb heat exchange, so that cooling performance goes down
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I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
6. Refrigerant
▶ Desired features of refrigerant
* Adequate evaporation pressure and condensation pressure
* Non-toxic, incombustible and stable chemically
* Non corrosive and compatible with lubricating oil
* Zero ODP (ozone depletion potentials) and low greenhouse effect coefficient
▶ Types of refrigerant
* CFC (Chloro Fluoro Carbon) : has chlorine in molecule and is stable chemically.
It could spread to stratosphere and destroy the ozone layer
* HFC (Hydro Fluro Carbon) : has no chlorine in molecule, does not destroy ozone.
But high GWP(R134a)
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CONTENTS
I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
2) At shortage of refrigerant
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
C Cause -Water intermixes in air-con system, so that expansion valve is sometimes frozen
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
1) Receiver Drier
- Turn on the air-con for 5 min, touch it with hands
-> all surfaces are at same temperature - > normal
-> partially cooler or hotter than remaining parts -> the flow of refrigerant is blocked -> replace
2) Magnetic Clutch
- Take apart the wire which goes from switch to magnetic clutch
- When connecting battery terminal(+) to magnet, energized noise occurs -> normal
3) Evaporator
- Air doesn’t come out from evaporator -> defective motor or power supply problem
- Amount of air is enough but not cool -> problem in cooling cycle
- Evaporator is frozen up -> defective thermistor, shortage of refrigerant or blockage of filter
4) Evaporator sensor
- Measure the output voltage (at connector while air-con on)
- Turn-off temperature has reached but voltage value doesn’t change -> defect
(the decline of temperature also need to be checked)
- Variations in output voltage (when input voltage is 12~14V) are like following ;
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II. CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON
- To Measure the resistance value of duct sensor - > take the sensor apart from the vehicle, and measure
- Take the temperature of duct sensor -> use the comparison table with adjacent temp.
- when power is supplied, even though input voltage is not known if the output voltage changes, that means
the sensor is working properly.
-> when the voltage goes up, it can be said that the resistance also goes up.
vehicle Resistance at 0℃ Resistance at 25℃ note
XD 8.0㏀ 2.472㏀
S-mmo 8.0㏀ 2.472㏀
•NTC thermistor
KV-2 8.0㏀ 2.472㏀ When temp. goes up,
T-3 8.0㏀ 2.472㏀ resistance goes down.
RS 8.0㏀ 2.472㏀ When temp goes down,
Resistance goes up.
MS 12.67㏀ 4.429㏀
BL 11.36㏀ 4.027㏀
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CONTENTS
I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
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III. CHECK THE COOLING PERFORMANCE OF AIR-CON
30 g 60 g 50 g 40 g 0g※ 40 g
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III. CHECK THE COOLING PERFORMANCE OF AIR-CON
I. AIR-CON SYSTEM
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IV. GUIDELINES FOR CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON AND COMPRESSOR
1. Features of Compressor
- Working noise and vibration result from high speed/high compression movement.
- More load on engine makes more overall noise.
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IV. GUIDELINES FOR CHECK AND REPAIR OF AIR-CON AND COMPRESSOR
② Check if noises are caused by other actuating parts (eg. Water pumps, pulleys )
③ Check if noises are delivered inside by vibration of adjacent parts due to actuator’s noise.
( eg. Could be delivered through the suction hose)
④ Check if noised are caused from the expansion valve or the flow of refrigerants
(* These appear when compressor is ON, but not the issue of compressor)
⑥ Make sure to fill up oil when changing parts in air-con ( amount : 20~30 g ND8 oil)
; don’t have to fill up oil when changing compressor; oil is charged in new compressor
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END OF DOCUMENT
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