CHALLENGES to SPANISH AUTHORITY (1560-1820s)

UPRISING/REVOLT DATE LEADER/S PLACE CAUSE/S

Portuguese Challenge 1566, 1568, 1570 Gen. Gonzalo Pereira Cebu by virtue of the Treaty of
(against Miguel Lopez (tactics: blockades, Zaragoza
de Legazpi) bombardments)
Dutch Challenge 1579 many leaders ex. William Netherlands Cry for Independence*
(against King Charles I (Thirty Years War)* of Orange (Treaty of Westphalia)
and King Philip II)
Dutch Challenge 1597, 1610, 1616 Admiral Oliver van Noort Manila Bay/ To conquer the Philippines
(against Antonio de 1617: Battle of Mariveles
Morga) Playa Honda Cuyo Island
1647
Cavite and Bataan
Lakan Dula Revolt 1574 Lakan Dula Manila To regain lost freedom and
(against Gov. Guido de authority over their
Lavezares) kingdom and territory
Chinese Revolt (vs. 1574 Limahong Intramuros possible conquest
Martin de Goiti) Malate
Tondo Conspiracy 1587 (First Katipunan) Tondo, Manila To regain freedom
Magat Salamat
Agustin de Legazpi*
Juan Banal
Pedro Balingit
Magalat Revolt 1596 Magalat Cagayan
Chinese Rebellion 1603, 1639, 1662, Eng Kang Intramuros Spanish imposition (passing
1686 and 1762 Manila to Makati laws allowing the Chinese
Taytay, Antipolo to live in the provinces;
imposed taxes which were
abusive and oppressive)
laws on expulsion*
 UPRISING/REVOLT DATE LEADER/S PLACE CAUSE/S
Ladia Conspiracy 1643 Pedro Ladia Malolos, Bulacan “King of the Tagalogs”
Maniago Revolt 1660 Francisco Maniago Pampanga to destroy Spanish power
(was a success* in the and declare that the People
sense that they were of Central Luzon were free
able to air their and independent
grievances and get
what they wanted~ also caused by the abuses
payment for the rice) of the Spanish officials who
refused to pay for the food
they have taken from the
Filipinos
Malong Revolt 1660 Andres Malong Pangasinan Maltreatment of the people
(King of Pangasinan*) by the Spanish officials with
regard to polo y servicio
Palaris Revolt 1762 Juan dela Cruz Palaris opposition to tribute
Bancao Revolt 1622 Bancao (chief of Leyte intolerance of the
Limasawa) friars/freedom of religion
Sumuroy Revolt 1649 Agustin Sumuroy Palapag, Samar forced labor (being
deployed to a shipyard in
Cavite)
Tapar Revolt 1663 Tapar Oton, Panay wanted to return to the
Dagohoy Revolt 1744-1829 Francisco Dagohoy Bohol religion of their ancestors
Revolts against the 1702 Tondo, Manila Hacienda System: Filipinos
Hacienda System Binan, Laguna lose their lands along with
Silang, Cavite their rights over communal
1743 Pasig, Taguig, rivers and forests
Bicutan, Paranaque,
Cavite and Bulacan
1745 Bulacan
 UPRISING/REVOLT DATE LEADER/S PLACE CAUSE/S
Silang Revolt 1762 Diego and Gabriela Ilocos Right to engage in galleon
Silang trade by non-Spaniards
Basi Revolt (Ambaristo 1807 Pedro Mateo and Ilocos Norte government monopoly on
Revolt) Salarogo Ambaristo * the production, pricing and
sale of basi
Cordillera Resistance* 1591 Cordillera Region defend land from Spanish
1608 expeditions
Moro Wars 1569 Cebu To conquer Mindanao and
1571-1572 Manila overpower the *Moros
1638-1671 Sultan Kudarat Maguindanao and
Sulu
1716-1747 *Mindanao
1762-1764

Why did these revolts fail? Why did the Muslims succeed?

1. The revolts lacked coordination. 1. The Spanish force lacked the number and military
capacity to break the Moro kuta (defense forts)
2. The Filipinos had no leader of great ability.
2. Mindanao is far from Manila, the center of power and
3. The Filipino rebels had insufficient arms with which to
governance
fight on equal terms the Spaniards and their Filipino
soldiers. 3. The Spaniards were more pre-occupied in several fronts
with wars or resistances by the Portuguese, the Dutch and
4. There was no feeling of unity and nationalism among the
various provinces of Luzon and Visayas
Filipinos.
4. Islam provided the Spaniards an identifiable enemy
5. Many Filipinos were more loyal to the Spaniards (Friars)
called “Moros” thus forcing all followers to resist as one,
than their countrymen.
despite ethnic differences among them.