Matter and

its Various
Forms
How to differentiate
a pure substance
from a mixture?

Pure substances are composed of only one

component
Mixtures are common and in some
situations, it is necessary to separate the
components or to isolate one component
of a mixture.
How is table salt obtained from
seawater?

How is drinking water obtained

from seawater?
• Evaporation is an endothermic process in
which water absorbs heat energy from the
surroundings and gets converted into vapour.

A large amount of seawater is stored in a dig of

large surface area made in the sand and
allowed to evaporate by absorbing solar
energy.

Water is evaporated and the sea salts remain

in the dig.
Potable water can be made from sea water, through a
process known as desalination.

Desalination can be done by distillation and by reverse

osmosis.
Distillation
Sea water is heated until it
boils. The salt remains in the
liquid, and the steam is pure
water. The steam is cooled
and condensed to make
potable water.
Reverse osmosis
Water is put under high
pressure and passed through a
membrane which has tiny
pores (holes) in it. The pores
allow water molecules through,
but prevent most ions and
 SEPARATION
OF THE
COMPONENT
S IN A
MIXTURE
In this experiment, the components of a
mixture will be separated from each other.
The techniques applied for this separation
does not involve a chemical reaction, so
that the isolated components will retain
Watch and record your observation!
Chromatography
Thank You