NOPS201:2022 Practical 1 VirtualBox Installation

VirtualBox is a powerful x86 and AMD64/Intel64 virtualization product for enterprise as well as home
use. Not only is VirtualBox an extremely feature rich, high performance product for enterprise
customers, it is also the only professional solution that is freely available as Open Source Software under
the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.

We will be using VirtualBox in NOPS201, to allow us to install guest operating systems such as Linux.
Linux will be used for our scripting, kernel writing and security testing practical activities and project.
Please follow this guide to install VirtualBox and complete the various activities.

Step 1: Download VirtualBox

Navigate to https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads and click on the link relevant to the operating

system running on your computer (Windows, Mac OSX, Linux). Your computer will be referred to as the
host, while the virtual machine (VM) will be known as the guest.

Step 2: Install VirtualBox

Once the download has completed, click on it to start the installation process. Click “Yes” when asked if
you grant permission to the app to make changes to your device. Click Next at the first window of the
installation wizard. I know the warning about resetting network configuration is scary, but click on Next.
You will get to a window where it says “Ready to Install” and you should click on Install.

You will also want to install that USB driver, to allow the mouse, external HDDs and other USB
peripherals plugged into the host, to show up in your VM.
Congratulations! If you see the window below, then your installation completed smoothly. If not, then
send me a message with a screenshot of the error message. You can uncheck the option to start
VirtualBox. You will only need to open it in your next practical activity.

Disclaimer: this is just a guide on installing Oracle VirtualBox. These steps are completed at your own
risk. Durban University and the author of this guide will not be liable for any unexpected outcomes.

It is highly recommended that you use a computer with 4GB or more of RAM, at least a 2 GHz
processor, have 40GB or more free storage and turn off other hypervisor software such as HyperV.
NOPS201:2022 Practical 2 Kali Linux Installation
Kali Linux is an advanced, open source, penetration testing Linux distribution used for penetration
testing, ethical hacking and network security assessments. Kali comes with a lot of hacking tools that are
used for security testing. We will use Kali Linux for our network testing and configuration part of the
practical activities, as well as for our Kernel writing and hacking.

Please note that this is a large download of about 3GB of data. If you are on a limited plan, rather do
not download it and inform me of the issue.

Step 1: Download Kali Linux

Navigate to the website https:\\www.kali.org". Please double check that the protocol it is “https" as
there are a lot of sites that are scams.
Click on the DOWNLOAD button and select “Virtual Machines” and then click on “VirtualBox” unless you
are using “VMware” as your hypervisor. Slide the selector to the 32 bit version of the OS (lighter on
resources and compatible with most host OS). Click on the download arrow under “VirtualBox”.

This file is large and could take a while to download.

Step 2: Install Kali Linux

Open VirtualBox and create a new environment by clicking “New", type a name of your new

environment and select the type as Linux and version as Debian 32-bit or 64 bit and click “Next".

Adjust the amount of RAM size you want. The recommended size is at least 2048 MB (2GB).
Choose VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image) and click “Next".
You are now almost done creating the virtual machine. Choose Create a virtual hard disk now and click
“Next".

Choose Dynamically allocated and click “Next".

Step 3: Powering on your VM

Now the VM has been created but it is still powered OFF at the moment. Before we can Power ON our
machine, we need to perform some basic settings such as telling the virtual machine where the Kali
Linux image is located on our host machine.

Right-click on your VM in the list on VirtualBox or make sure that your new VM is the selected one and
then click on settings in the top right-hand menu.
On the Settings window click on Storage and then select Empty. Once Empty is selected, an Attributes
tab appears. Under Attribute, there is Optical Drive drop down arrow and next to it, there is an icon that
looks like a CD. This is to help us locate the ISO image of Kali Linux that we downloaded in Step 1 of this
activity. Choose “Virtual Optical Disk File". This file should be “kali-linux-2022.1-virtualbox-i386” or
similar (depending on what the name of your download from kali.org was named). Finally click OK.

Step 4: Network Configuration

As we will be downloading a lot of tools from the internet, it is vital that we link our host machines
internet connection to our virtual machine for internet access. This section illustrates exactly how to do
that before we can power on our virtual machine.

Again on Settings window, choose Network. Make sure that Network Adapter checkbox is checked and
on the drop down arrow choose Bridged Adapter and click Ok.
We now ready to power on our Virtual machine for the last and final step of the Kali Linux installation.

Step 5: Powering on your VM

Double-click on top of your VM to power it ON. There are various ways on which we can boot our Kali
Linux system, one of them is via a Graphic Install. If you choose such option, you will then interact with
the Graphic User Interface (GUI) than a terminal. Alternatively, you can choose Install which uses the
Linux terminal other than the GUI of Windows. There are other options you can use but for now, we can
choose any one of the two options highlighted. This guide will choose the GUI option.
Next you will just have to respond to the installation prompts that will appear. Because of the amount

of tools that comes with Kali Linux, the installation process may take a while. Just sit back and relax

until the installation is done.

Once the installation is done, you should see a screen similar to the one shown below. If you managed t
managed to reach this stage, I would like to congratulate you! You have successfully manage to install
Kali Linux and the fun is about to begin soon.