SONET & WDM

1. Show the device layer relationship in SONET.

2. Draw the frame structure of STS-1 frame. Discuss briefly the section overhead.
3. Draw and explain different automatic protection switching in linear SONET networks.
4. In SONET, the data rate of an STS-n signal is N times the data rate of an STS-1 signal. What is
the duration of an STS-1 frame? STS-3?
5. Describe a point-to-point SONET network with figure.
6. Describe a mesh SONET network with a neat sketch.
7. How automatic protection switching in linear SONET network establish a continuous data flow?
Describe with figures.
8. Briefly describe the operation of bidirectional line switching ring (BLSR) using SONET
equipment.
9. What is WDM? Explain with functioning with proper diagram.
10. Why WDM is preferred than other multiplexing systems?
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