Compressible flow

FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE ONLY – DO NOT USE THIS METHOD FOR DETAIL DESIGN – ALWAYS CONSULT A RE

Valid in TURBULENT FLOW

Valid for compressible fluid (gas)
Valid only if not choked flow and if the pressure drop in each section is <10% of the inlet pressure of the section
For very long gas pipeline calculations please refer to Panhandle…etc… equations

To modify Calculated

Initial pressure 2 bar g

Gas molecular weight 29 g/mol
Temperature 25 degrees
Gamma = Cp/Cv 1.4
Initial specific gravity 3.50973574473 kg/m3

Pipe flow 500 kg/h

Actual DP 0.18655056395 bar

If resolution = flow for a given DP

Available DP 1.5 bar
Bring this value to 0 by
modifying the pipe flow
Available - Actual 1.31344943605 in cell C17

Pipe section Fluid Specific gravity Dynamic viscosity

rho mu
kg/m3 Pa.s
Section 1 Gas 3.509 0.00043
Section 2 Gas 3.5001511131197 0.00043
Section 3 Gas 3.478813553964 0.00043
Section 4 Gas 3.4573451193177 0.00043
Section 5 Gas 3.4357433761153 0.00043
Section 6 Gas 3.4140058150538 0.00043
Section 7 Gas 3.3921298472096 0.00043
Section 8 Gas 3.3701128004591 0.00043
Section 9 Gas 3.34795191569 0.00043
Section 10 Gas 3.3256443427885 0.00043

Sources
Perry page 6-18
Mecanique et Rheologies des fluides en genie chimique, Midoux, page 329-330
Applied Process Design Volume 1 - Ludwig - Gulf Professional page 69

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 Compressible flow
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FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE ONLY – DO NOT USE THIS METHOD FOR DETAIL DESIGN – ALWAYS CONSULT A RE

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 Compressible flow
ETAIL DESIGN – ALWAYS CONSULT A REPUTABLE SUPPLIER FOR DETAIL DESIGN

Gas
he inlet pressure of the section
Dry air
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Helium
Hydrogen
To calculate the pressure drop at a given gas rate, cut the pipeline in
different section and describe them thanks to the table below. Then Methane
enter the flowrate expected in cell C17, read the pressure drop in cell Propane
C18. Sections pressure drops are in section CI.
If the pressure drop is given and you wish to calculate the flow, enter Butane
the given pressure drop in cell C21 and modify C17 until cell C22 is Ammonia
equal to 0
In any case always make sure there is no choked flow Chlorine
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Valid calculation ? ok Carbon dioxide

If choked flow or pressure drop on a section >10% of inlet

pressure, then calculation is not valid

Pipe diameter Pipe length Height difference DZ Roughness Relative roughness

D L H e e/D
m m m mm
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045
0.1 100 0 0.045 0.00045

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 Compressible flow
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liability is ensured. The content of this site is to be seen as a help and important information and calculation must always be
n or by checking another source. The user must always respect all applicable regulation. The use of the information is at the
user and its organization own risk and own cost.

ETAIL DESIGN – ALWAYS CONSULT A REPUTABLE SUPPLIER FOR DETAIL DESIGN

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 Compressible flow

Min. Pu/Pd
γ=cp/cv for choked flow
1.400 at 20 °C 1.893
1.404 at 15 °C 1.895
1.400 at 20 °C 1.893
1.660 at 20 °C 2.049
1.410 at 20 °C 1.899
1.307 1.837
1.131 1.729
1.096 1.708
1.310 at 15 °C 1.838
1.355 1.866
1.290 at 15 °C 1.826
1.404 1.895
1.3 1.83

Volumetric flow Fluid velocity Reynolds Moody friction factor

Qm Qv u Re A B
kg/h m3/h m/s
500 142.490738102023 5.0441721288116 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 142.850975240996 5.0569245235313 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 143.72716221893 5.0879415425501 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 144.619638116622 5.1195351893284 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 145.528913328021 5.151723531812 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 146.455520900196 5.184525439867 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 147.400017841682 5.2179606315955 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 148.362986524335 5.2520497229615 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 149.345036186684 5.2868142810086 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15
500 150.346804547583 5.3222768809844 4.12E+03 2.20281827E+18 2.28023737E+15

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 Compressible flow

ction factor Flanged Flanged Flanged

f 90° elbow Standard 90° elbow Long radiu 45° elbow Standard
Number k Total k Number k Total k Number k Total k
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0
0.0407532 0 0.75 0 0 0.45 0 0 0.35 0

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 Compressible flow

Open Open
1/2 Open 3/4 Open
1/2 Open
1/4 Open

Flanged
45° elbow Long radiu Coupling Globe valve Open Needle valve / plug di
Number k Total k Number k Total k Number k Total k Number
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0
0 0.2 0 0 0.04 0 0 6 0 0

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 Compressible flow

Needle valve / plug diOpen Gate valve Open Butterfly valve 0 Ball Valve
k Total k Number k Total k Number k Total k Number
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0
9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.487730529 0 0

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 Compressible flow

0 Diaphragm Open Angle valve Open Tank inlet

k Total k Number k Total k Number k Total k Number k
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1
0 0 0 2.3 0 0 4 0 0 1

90

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 Compressible flow

Tank outlet Sudden enlargement Sudden contraction

Total k Number k Total k Number D k Total k Number d
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.15 0.308642 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02
0 0 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.02

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 Compressible flow

Chose teta as 10,15,20,30,45

Progressive enlargement Progressive contraction

k Total k Number teta k Total k Number teta d C
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406
0.482802 0 0 10 0.065 0 0 45 0.05 0.596406

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 Compressible flow

R.O Various pressure drops

k Total k Number d k Total k k Sum k
0.389659 0 0 0.01 27717.23 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.01 27717.23 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.02 1677.312 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.03 312.0199 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.04 89.523 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.05 31.5 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.06 12.03516 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.07 4.519522 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.08 1.452938 0 0
0.389659 0 0 0.09 0.278852 0 0

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 Compressible flow

Valve and fStraight pipeElevation Total Pressure b% differencDensity Choked flow check
0 0.01819261 0 0.018193 2.991807 0.273087 3.500151 1.002738 1.892929 ok
0 0.0182386 0 0.018239 2.973569 0.609618 3.478814 1.006134 1.892929 ok
0 0.01835047 0 0.01835 2.955218 0.617119 3.457345 1.00621 1.892929 ok
0 0.01846442 0 0.018464 2.936754 0.624807 3.435743 1.006287 1.892929 ok
0 0.01858051 0 0.018581 2.918173 0.632689 3.414006 1.006367 1.892929 ok
0 0.01869882 0 0.018699 2.899475 0.640771 3.39213 1.006449 1.892929 ok
0 0.01881941 0 0.018819 2.880655 0.649063 3.370113 1.006533 1.892929 ok
0 0.01894235 0 0.018942 2.861713 0.657571 3.347952 1.006619 1.892929 ok
0 0.01906774 0 0.019068 2.842645 0.666305 3.325644 1.006708 1.892929 ok
0 0.01919564 0 0.019196 2.823449 0.675274 3.303187 1.006799 1.892929 ok
0 0.18655056 0 0.186551

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 Compressible flow

0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0

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