PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS

AMAZING PROBLEMS
MATHS UNBOXED
August 2023

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THE SHEET CONTAINS TWO SECTIONS CONSISTING OF 4
QUESTIONS EACH.
SOLVE THE QUESTIONS OVER HERE AND MARK THE AN-
SWERS ON THE LINK GIVEN TO YOU

THERE IS NO RELATION BETWEEN QUESTION NUMBER AND

TOUGHNESS OF THE QUESTIONS.
STAY CALM AND DO GOOD
.
NO PAPER WAS WASTED DURING FORMATION OF THIS SHEET

1
RECURRENCE POWER
[10 POINTS]

A recurrence relation is an equation which represents a sequence based on some

rule. It helps in finding the subsequent term (next term) dependent upon the
preceding terms(previous terms)

Based on this answer the following questions

1
 (a)[1 points]

Let an be a sequence such that a1 = 4, and sum of first n terms is Sn and

Sn+1 − 3Sn − 2n − 4 = 0 ∀ n ϵ N

Find last digit of a2023 .

..........................................................................

2
 (b)[2 point]

Let an be a sequence such that a1 = 1 , a2 = 14 and

an+1 = (n−1)a
n−an
n

1
If absolute value of a2023 is n and sum of digits of n is a prime number p.
What is the number of p among primes numbers if they are assumed to be
starting from 2

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3
 (c)[3 points]

Define a sequence recursively by t1 = 20, t2 = 21, and

5tn−1 + 1
tn =
25tn−2
p
for all n ≥ 3. Then t2023 can be expressed as q, where p and q are relatively
prime positive integers. Find p − q

..........................................................................

4
(d)[4 points]

An JEE aspirant is planning a nine-day study schedule. Every day he will

do theory, or questions, or he will take rest. On any given day he does just one
of these three things. He never does study on consecutive days. Let the number
of schedules schedules that are possible for the holiday be n. Let sum of digits
of n be p. Find p3

5
2
GAME OF BRAINS
[10 POINTS]

A chessboard is a game-board used to play chess. It consists of 64 squares, 8

rows by 8 columns, on which the chess pieces are placed. It is square in shape
and uses two colours of squares, one light and one dark, in a chequered pattern.
The columns of a chessboard are known as files, the rows are known as ranks,
and the lines of adjoining same-coloured squares (each running from one edge
of the board to an adjacent edge) are known as diagonals.

Based on this knowledge answer the following questions

6
 (a)[1 points]

Let the number of squares in regular chessboard is n. Find sum of digits of

n.

..........................................................................

7
 (b)[2 points]

Three squares are chosen on a chess board, the chance that they should be
in a diagonal line is pq ,where p and q are coprime. Find p

..........................................................................

8
(c)[3 points]

On a chess-board if two squares are chosen, Let the probability that they have
a side in common is mn . Find
n+m
7

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9
(d)[4 points]

The eight queens puzzle is the problem of placing eight chess queens on an
8×8 chessboard so that no two queens threaten each other. Find difference of
digits of solution of this problem

10