Traditional GK

1
Traditional General
Knowledge
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Chapter
1 Traditional General Knowledge

NATIONAL / INTERNATIONAL YEARS
2001 Year of Woman Empowerment (Govt. of India)

2002 International Year of Mountain (by FAQ)
2003 International Fresh Water Year
2004 International Year of Rice
2005 International Year of Physics/Sports (by UNO)
2006 International Year of Deserts and Desertification
2007 International Polar Year, Year of the Dolphin
2008 International Year of Sanitation, International Year of Languages
2009 International Year of Astronomy (UN)
International Year of Natural Fibers (FAQ)
International Year of Reconciliation
2010 International Year of Biodiversity
International Year of Youth
2011 International Year of Forests
International Year of Chemistry
THE FIRST’S
• The first person to reach Mount Everest Sherpa Tenzing, Edmund Hillary
• The first person to reach North Pole Robert Peary
• The first person to reach South Pole Amundsen
• The first religion of the world Hinduism
• The first country to print book China
• The first country to issue paper currency China
• The first country to commence competitive
examination in civil services China
• The first President of the U.S.A. George Washington
• The first Prime Minister of Britain Robert Walpole
• Thefirst Governor General of the United Nations Trigveli (Norway)
• The first country to win football World cup Uruguay
• The first country to prepare a constitution U.S.A.
• The first Governor General of Pakistan Mohd. Ali Jinnah
• The first country to host NAM summit Belgrade (Yugoslavia)
• The first European to attack India Alexander, The Great
• The first European to reach China Marco Polo
• The first person to fly aeroplane Wright Brothers
• The first person to sail round the world Magellan
• The first country to send man to the moon U.S.A.
• The first country to launch Artificial satellite in the space Russia
• The first country to host the modern Olympics Greece
• The first city on which the atom bomb was dropped Hiroshima (Japan)

• The first person to land on the moon Neil Armstrong followed by Edwin E.
Aldrin
• The first shuttle to go in space Columbia
• The first spacecraft to reach on Mars Viking—I
• The first woman Prime Minister of England Margaret Thatcher
• The first muslim Prime Minister of a country Benazir Bhutto (Pakistan)
• The first woman Prime Minister of a country Mrs. S. Bandamaike (Sri Lanka)
• The first woman to climb Mount Everest Mrs. Junko Tabei (Japan)
• The first woman cosmonaut of the world Velentina Tereshkova (Russia)
• The first woman President of the U.N. General Assembly Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
• The first man to fly into space Yuri Gagarin (Russia)
• The first batsman to score three test century in three
successive tests on debut Mohd. Azharuddin
• The first man to have climbed Mount Everest Twice Nawang Gombu
• The first U.S. President to resign Presidency Richard Nixon
FIRST IN INDIA
MALE
• The first President of Indian Republic Dr. Rajendra Prasad
• The first Prime Minister of free India Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru
• The first Indian to win Nobel Prize Rabindranath Tagore
• The first President of Indian National Congress W. C. Banerjee
• The first Muslim President of Indian National Congress Badruddin Tayyabji
• The first Muslim President of India Dr. Zakir Hussain
• The first British Governor General of India Lord William Bentinck
• The first British Viceroy of India Lord Canning
• The first Governor General of free India Lord Mounthatten
• The first and the last Indian to be
Governor General of free India C. Rajgopalachari
• The first man who introduced printing press in India James Hicky
• The first Indian to join the I.C.S. Satyendra Nath Tagore
• India’s first man in space Rakesh Sharma
• The first Prime Minister of India who resigned
without completing the full term Morarji Desai
• The first Indian Commander-in-Chief of India General Cariappa
• The first Chief of the Army Staff Gen. Maharaj Rajendra Singhji
• The first Indian member of the Viceroy’s executive council S. P. Sinha
• The first President of India Who died while in office Dr. Zakir Hussain
• The first Prime Minister of India who did not
• face the Parliament Charan Singh
• The first Field Marshal of India S. H. F. Manekshaw
• The first Indian to get Nobel prize in Physics C. V. Raman
• The first Indian to receive Bharat Ratna award Dr. Radhakrishnan
• The first Indian to cross English channel Mihir Sen
• The first person to receive Jnanpith award Sri Shankar Kurup
• The first Speaker of the Lok Sabha Ganesh Vasudeva Mavaiankar
• The first Vice-President of India Dr. Radhakrishnan
• The first Education Minister Abui Kalam Azad

• The first Home Minister of India Sardar Vailabh Bhai Patel
• The first Indian Air Chief Marshal S. Mukherjee
• The first Indian Naval Chief Vice Admiral R. D. Katari
• The first judge of International Court of Justice Dr. Nagendra Singh
• The first person to receive Paramveer Chakra Major Somnath Sharma
• The first person to reach Mt. Everest without oxygen Sherpa Anga Dorjee
• The first Chief Election Commissioner Sukumar Sen
• The first person to receive Magsaysay Award Acharya Vinoba Bhave
• The first person of Indian origin to receive
Nobel Prize in Medicine Hargovind Khurana
• The first Chinese traveller to visit India Fahein
• The first person to receive Stalin Prize Saifuddin Kitchlu
• The4irst person to resign from the central cabinet Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
• The first foreigner to receive Bharat Ratna Khan Abdul Ghaftar Khan
• The first person to receive Nobel Prize in Economics Amartya Sen
• The first Chief Justice of Supreme Court Justice Hiralal J. Kania
Female
• The first lady to become “Miss World” Rita Faria
• The first woman judge in Supreme Court Mrs. Meera Sahib Fatima Bibi
• The first woman Ambassador Miss C. B. Muthamma
• The first woman Governor of a State in tree India Mrs. Sarojini Naidu
• The first woman Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi
• The first woman to climb Mount Everest. Bachhendri Pal
• The first woman to climb Mount Everest twice Santosh Yadav
• Thefirst woman President of the Indian National Congress Mrs. Annie Besant
• The first woman chief justice of a High Court Mrs. Leela Seth
• The first woman pilot in Indian Air Force Harita Kaur Dayal
• The first woman President of the
United Nations General Assembly Mrs. Vijaya Laxmi Pandit
• The first woman Chief Minister of an Indian State Mrs. Sucheta Kripalani
• The first woman chairman of
Union Public Service Commission Roze Miltan Bethew
• The first woman Director General of Police (DGP) Kanchan Chaudhary Bhattacharya
• The first woman Lieutenent General Puneeta Arora
• The first woman Air Vice Marshal P. Bandopadhyaya
• The first woman chairperson of Indian Airlines Sushma Chawla
• The first woman I.P.S. Officer Mrs. Kiran Bedi
• The first and the last Muslim woman ruler of Delhi Razia Sultan
• The first woman to receive Ashoka Chakra Nirja Bhanot
• The first woman to crass English Channel Aarti Saha
• The first woman to receive Nobel Prize Mother Teresa
• The first woman to receive Bharat Ratna Mrs. Indira Gandhi
• The first woman to receive Jnanpith Award Ashapurna Devi
POPULAR NAMES OF PERSONALITIES

Popular Name Personality
Lady with the lamp Florence Nightingale
Grand Old man Dadabhai Naoroji of India
Iron Duke Duke of Wellington
Guru Ji M.S. Golwalkar
John Bull England and the English people
CR Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
King Maker Earl of Warwick
JP Jayaprakash Narayan
Little Corporal Napoleon
Mahamanya Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya
Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore
Maid of Orleans Joan of Arc
Desh Bandhu C.R. Das
Deen Bandhu C.F. Andrews
Yankee Inhabitants of U.S.A.
Lion of the Punjab (Sher-i-Punjab) Lala Lajpat Rai
Bard of Avon Shakespeare
Panditji Jawaharlal Nehru
Man of Blood Bismark
Andhra Kesri T. Prakasam
Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Bapu Mahatma Gandhi
Apostle of Free Trade Richard Cobden
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
Desert Fox Gen. Rommei
Nightingle of India Sarojini Naidu
Lal, Bal, Pal Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin
Chandra Pal
Father of English Poetry Geoffery Chaucer
Feuhrer Hitler
Iron man Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
Ike Gen. Eisenhower
Tomy Atkins English soldier
Jawan Indian soldier
Poolu French soldier
Vizzy Maharaja Kumar of Vizianagara
G.I. American soldier
Wizard of the North Sir Walter Scot
Samuel Clemens Mark Twain
Sparrow Major Gen. Rajender Singh
Shastriji Lal Bahadur Shastri
Babuji Jagjiwan Ram
NICKNAMES/FATHERS
Father of Greek Tragedy Aeschylus
Father of Comedy Aristophanes
Father of the Telephone Alexander Graham Bell
Father of Sunday Newspapers John Bell
Father of Chemistry Robert Boyle
Father of Canada Jacques Cartier
Father of English Poetry Geoffery Chaucer
Father of Aviation Sir George Cayley

Father of Immunology Edward Jenner
Father of Modern Chemistry Antoine Lavoisier
Father of Atom Bomb Dr. Robert Oppenheimer
Father of Nuclear Physics Ernest Rutherford
Father of Economics Adam Smith
Father of Railways George Stephenson
THE NEWSPAPER WORLD

Newspaper Language Newspaper Language
Times of India English Dainik Jagran Hindi
Dainik Bhaskar Hindi Malaya Manorama Malayalam
Gujarat Samachar Gujarati Hindustan Times English
The Hindu English Mathrtjbhumi Malayalam
Ananda Bazar Patrika Bengali Aaj Hindi
Punjab Kesri Hindi Eenadu Telugu
Sandesh Gujarati Hindustan Hindi
Amar Ujala Hindi Daily Thanthi Tamil
Nays Bharat Hindi Daily Sakal Marathi
Navbharat Times Hindi Dinamalar Tamil
WORLD’S FAMOUS NEWSPAPER AGENCIES
Newspaper City/Country Newspaper City/Country

Al-Ahram Cairo (Egypt) Le Republics Rome (Italy)
Bangladesh Observer Dacca (Bangladesh) Merdeka Djakarta (Indonesia)
Daily News New York (USA) New York Times New York (USA)
Daily Mail London (England) Pravada Moscow (Russia)
Daily Mirror London (England) People’s Daily Beijing (China)
Dawn Karachi (Pakistan) Star Johannsburg (S. Africa)
Eastern Sun Singapore The Times London (England)
Financial Times London (England) The Island Colombo (Sri Lanka) s
Guardian London (England) The Times of India India
Izvestia Moscow (Russia) Washington Post Washington D.C. (USA)
Independent London (England) Khalij Times Dubai (UAE)
Le Monde Paris (France)
WORLD’S FAMOUS NEWS CHANNEL

Countries Agencies Countries Agencies
Australia AAP Italy ANSA
China XINHUA Israel ITIM
Egypt MENA Japan KYODO
France A. F. P. Malaysia BERNAMA
Germany D. P. A. Pakistan APP
India PTI Palestine WAFA
India UNI Russia Tass
India Samachar Bharti Russia NOVOSTI
India Univarta United Kingdom REUTER
Indonesia Antara USA AP (Associated Press)
Iran IRNA USA UPI (United Press International)
UNITED NATIONS ORGANISATION

• World’s largest international organisation and a successor of League of Nations. (League of Nations was
formed after the I World War, but it failed).
• The Charter of the UN was signed at San Francisco on June 26, 1945, at a meeting of the representatives of
50 states, representing 2/3rd of the world population.
• The name United Nations was given at the instance of US President Roosevelt.
• The Charter or Constitution was formed at Dumbarton Oaks (Washington DC) Conference by USSR, UK,
US and China.
• Formally came into existence on Oct 24, 1945.
• First regular session was held in London in Jan, 1946 and Trygve Le (Norway) was elected the first Secretary
General.
• Headquarters located at First Avenue, UN Plaza, New York City, New York, US. It is 17 acre tract of land
donated by John D. Rockfeller. The building is 39 storeys.
• Flag : White UN emblem (2 bent olive branches open at the top, and in between them is the map of the
world) on a light blue background. It was adopted on Oct 20, 1947. The UN Flag is not to be subordinated
to any other flag in the world.
• The purposes of the UN can be divided into 4 groups—Security, Justice, Welfare and Human Rights.
• Disarm, decolonise and develop are the 3 new objectives set forth by the UN.
• One of the principles of UN is not to interfere in the internal affairs of any State so long as it acts according
to the terms of the charter.
• The official languages of the UN are English, French, Chinese, Russian, Arabic and Spanish, while the
working languages are English and French only.
• Admission of Members New members are admitted to the General Assembly on the recommendation of
the Security Council.
• The present membership of UN is 192.
ORGANS OF THE UNITED NATIONS
There are six principal bodies of the UN:

1. General Assembly
2. Security Council
3. Economic and Social Council
4. International Court of Justice
5. Trusteeship Council
6. Secretariat
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
• Consists of all member states of the U.N. Each member nation can send five delegates but each nation has
only one vote.
• The General Assembly meets in regular session beginning in September each year.
SECURITY COUNCIL
• It is the executive body of the U.N. It consists of total 15 members, out of which 5 members are permanent
and the remaining 10 members are non-permanent.
• China, France, Russia, UK and USA are the permanent members.
• The non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for 2 years from among the member
states.
• The permanent members of the security council have got veto power. Any matter supported by the majority
of the members fails to be carried through if negative vote is cast by any of the permanent members.
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

• This organ of the U.N. consists of 54 representatives of the member countries elected by a two third majority
of the General Assembly.

• Its main function is to achieve international co-operation by solving international problems of economic,
social, cultural and humanitarian character.
• One third of this council is elected every year for the period of three years and equal numbers retire
annually.
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

• It is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations.
• The headquarters of the International court of justice is at the Hague (Netherlands).
• The court consists of 15 judges. The judges of the court are elected by the General Assembly along with the
security council for a nine year term.
TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL
• This organ consists of 14 members out of which five are the permanent members of the security council.
• The function of this organ is to provide for an international trusteeship system to safeguard the interests of
inhabitants of territories which are not yet fully self governing and which may be placed there under by
individual agreements.
SECRETARIAT
• This organ of the United Nations is the chief administrative office which coordinates and supervises the
activities of the U.N.
• This secretariat is headed by a Secretary General who is appointed by the General Assembly on the
recommendation of the Security Council.
• Secretary-General of the U.N. is elected for five years and eligible for re-election.
SECRETARY GENERALS OF THE UNITED NATIONS

S.N. Name Nationality Period
1. Trygve Le Norway 1946-53
2. Dag Hammarskjoeld Sweden 1953-61
3. U. Thant Burma 1961 -71
4. Kurt Waldheim Austria 1972-81
5. Javier Perez de Cuellar Peru 1982-91
6. Dr. Boutros Boutros Ghali Egypt 1992-96
7. Kofi Annan Ghana 1997-2007
8. Ban Ki-moon South Korea 2007-At Present
SOME IMPORTANT U.N. AGENCIES
Name of Agency Estd. In Headquarters Purpose

International Labour Organisation 1919 Geneva To improve conditions and living
(ILO) standard of workers.
World Health Organisation (WHO) 1948 Geneva Attainment of highest possible level
of health by all people.
United Nations Educational, 1946 1946 Paris To promote collaboration among
Scientific and Cultural Organisation nations through education, science
(UNESCO) and culture.
International Atomic Energy 1957 1957 Vienna To promote peaceful uses of atomic
Agency (IAEA) energy.
United Nations International 1946 New York To promote children’s welfare all
Children’s Emergency Fund over the world.
(UNICEF)
United Nations High Commissioner 1950 Geneva To provide protection to refugees.
for Refugees (UNHCR)

United Nations Fund for 1967 1967 New York For formulating population policies.
Population Activities (UNFPA)
International Fund for Agricultural 1977 Rome For financing agricultural projects in
Development the world to raise the economic
growth.
United Nations Conference on Trade 1964 Geneva Promotes international trade to
and Development (UNCTAD) accelerate economic growth of
developing countries.
International Civil Aviation 1947 Montreal Promotes safety of international
Organisation (ICAO) aviation.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) 1945 Washington Promotes international monetary
DC cooperation.
International Finance Corporation 1956 Washington Promote economic development by
(IFC) DC encouraging private enterprise in its
member countries.
Universal Postal Union (UPU) 1947 Berne Improve various postal services in
the world.
United. Nations Environmental 1972 Nairobi Promotes international co-operation
Programme (UNEP) in human environment.
United Nations Industrial 1967 Geneva Sets international regulations for
Development Organisation (UNIDO) radio, telegraph, telephone and
space radio communication.
Food and Agricultural Organisation 1945 Rome To improve living condition of rural
(FAO) population.
International Bank for Reconstruction 1945 Washington Development of economies of
and Development (IBRD) D.C. members by facilitating investment
of capitals by providing lo
World Meteorological Organisation 1950 Geneva Promote international exchange of
(WMO) weather reports.
World Trade Organisation (WTO) 1995 Geneva Setting rules for world trade to
reduce tariffs.
United Nations Development New York Help deneloping countries increase
Programme (UNDP) the wealth producing capabilities of
their natural and human resources.
Inter Government Maritime 1958 London Promotes co-operation on technical
Consultative Organisation (IMCO) matters of maritime safety,
navigation and encourages anti-
pollution measures.
International Development 1960 Washington An affiliate of the World Bank, aims
Association (IDA) D.C. to help under-developed countries
raise living standards.
International Tele-communication 1947 Geneva Sets international regulations for
Union (ITU) radio telegraph, telephone and
space radio communications.
United Nations Institute for Training 1965 New York Provides training and research to
and Research (UNITAR) help facilitate UN objectives of
world peace and security and of
economic and social progress.
United Nations Relief and Work for 1949 New York Provides basic amenities and
Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) education for the victims of Arab-
Israel War

United Nations Fund For Population 1967 New York Studying population dynamics,
Activities (UNFPA) collecting population data,
formulating and evolving
population policies, family planning
and related programmes
MEMBERS OF UNITED NATIONS ORGANISATION (UNO)
Country Year of admission Country Year of admission

Afghanistan 1946 Albania 1955
Algeria 1962 Andorra 1993
Angola 1976 Antigua and Barbuda 1981
Argentina 1945 Armenia 1992
Australia 1945 Austria 1955
Azebaijan 1992 Bahamas 1973
Bahrain 1971 Bangladesh 1974
Barbados 1966 Belarus 1945
Belgium 1945 Belize 1981
Benin 1960 Bhutan 1971
Bolivia 1945 Bosnia-Herzegovina 1992
Botawana 1966 Brazil 1945
Brunei 1984 Bulgaria 1955
Burkina Faso 1960 Burundi 1962
Cambodia 1955 Cameroon 1960
Canada 1945 Cape Verde 1975
Central African Rep. 1960 Chad 1960
Chile 1945 China 1945
Colombia 1945 Comoros 1975
Congo, Rep. of the 1960 Congo, Dem. Rep. of the 1960
Costa Rica 1945 Cote d’lvoire 1960
Croatia 1992 Cuba 1945
Cyprus 1960 Czech Republic 1993
Denmark 1945 Ojibouti 1977
Dominica 1978 Dominican Republic 1945
Ecuador 1945 Egypt 1945
El Salvador 1945 Equatorial Guinea 1968
Eritrea 1993 Estonia 1991
Ethiopia 1945 Fiji Islands 1970
Finland 1955 France 1945
Gabon 1960 Gambia 1965
Georgia 1992 Germany 1973
Ghana 1957 Greece 1945
Grenada 1974 Guatemala 1945
Guinea 1958 Guinea-Bissau 1974
Gu’ana 1966 Haiti 1945
Honduras 1945 Hungary 1955
Iceland 1946 India 1945
Indonesia 1950 Iran 1945
Iraq 1945 Ireland, Rep. of 1955
Israel 1949 Italy 1955
Jamaica 1962 Japan 1956
Jordan 1955 Kazakhstan 1992

Kenya 1963 Korea (North) 1991
Korea (South) 1991 Kuwait 1963
Kyrgyzstafl 1992 Laos 1955
Latvia 1991 Lebanon 1945
Lesotho 1966 Liberia 1945
Libya 1955 Liechtenstein 1990
Lithuania 1991 Luxembourg 1945
Macedonia 1993 Madagascar 1960
Malawi 1964 Malaysia 1957
Maldives 1965 Mali 1960
Malta 1964 Marshall Islands 1991
Mauritania 1961 Mauritius 1968
Mexico 1945 Micronesia 1991
Moldova 1992 Monaco 1993
Mangolia 1961 Morocco 1956
Mozambique 1975 Myanmar 1948
Namibia Netherlands 1990 Nepal 1955
Nicaragua 1945 New Zealand 1945
Nigeria 1945 Niger 1960
Oman 1960 Norway 1945
Palau 1971 Pakistan 1947
Papua New Guinea 1994 Panama 1945
Peru 1975 Paraguay 1945
Poland 1945 Philippines 1945
Qatar 1945 Portugal 1955
Russia 1971 Romania 1955
St. Kitts and Nevis 1945 Rwanda 1962
St. Vincent & 1983 St. Lucia 1979
Grenadines 1980 Samoa 1976
San Marino 1992 Sao Tome e Principe 1975
Saudi Arabia 1945 Senegal 1961
Seychelles 1976 Sierra Leone 1961
Singapore 1965 Slovakia 1993
Slovenia 1992 Solomon Islands 1978
Somalia 1960 South Africa 1945
Spain 1955 Sri Lanka 1955
Sudan 1956 Suriname 1975
Swaziland 1968 Sweden 1946
Syria 1945 Tajikistan 1992
Tanzania 1961 Thailand 1946
Togo 1960 Trinidad and Tobago 1962
Tunisia 1956 Turkey 1945
Turkmenistan 1992 Uganda 1962
Ukraine 1945 United Arab Emirates 1971
United Kingdom 1945 United States of America 1945
Uruguay 1945 Upper Volta 1960
Uzbekistan 1992 Vanuatu 1981
Venezuela 1945 Vietnam 1977
Yemen 1947 Zambia 1965
Tongo 1999 Kiribati 1999
Nauru 1999 Tuvalu 2000
Yugoslavia 2000 Switzerland 2002

East Timor 2002 Montenegro 2006
Note : Switzerland was the 190th member (in 2002) while East Timor was the 191st (in 2002). Montenegro became
the 192nd member in 2006.
OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND GROUPS
THE COMMON WEALTH

• It was originally known as ‘The British Commonwealth of Nations’. It is an association of sovereing and
independent states which formally made up the British empire.
• Members : 54
• Headquarters : London
• The British Monarch (Queen Elizabeth II) is the symbolic head of the commonwealth.
• Commonwealth heads of government meet (CHOGM) is held in every 2 years.
ARAB LEAGUE
• Established : March 22, 1945.
• Objective : To promote economic, social, political and military cooperation.
• Members : 22
• Headquarters : Cairo
ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION (APEC)

• Established : Nov, 1989
• Objective : To promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin.
• Members : 21
Headquarters : Singapore
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)

• Established : Dec 19, 1966
• Objective : To promote regional economic cooperation.
• Members: 67
• Headquarters : Manila
ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH-EAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN)

• Established : Aug. 8, 1967
• Objective : Regional, economic, social and cultural cooperation among the non-communist countries of
South-East Asia.
• Members : Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar,
Cambodia. (10 in number)
• Headquarters : Djakarta
COMMON WEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES (CIS)

• Established : Dec. 8, 1991
• Objective : To coordinate inter-common wealth relations and to provide a mechanism for the orderly
dissolution of the USSR.
• Members : 11
• Headquarters : Kirava (Belarus)

GROUP OF 8 OR G-8
• Established : Sept. 22, 1985
• Objective : To promote co-operation among major non-communist economic powers.
• Members : France, Germany, Japan, UK, US, Canada, Italy, plus Russia (added later)
GROUP OF 15 (G-15)
• Established: 1989
• Objective : To promote economic co-operation among developing nations.
• Members: 18
GROUP OF 20 (G-20)
• Objective : For cooperation and consultation on matters pertaining to the International Financial System.
• Members: 20
GROUP OF 77 (G-77)
• Established : Oct., 1967
• Objective : To promote economic co-operation among developing nations.
• Members : 131
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL POLICE ORGANISATION (INTERPOL)

• Established : 1914
• Objective : To promote international cooperation among criminal police authorities.
• Members: 187
• Headquarters : France
INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE (IOC)

• Established : June 23, 1894
• Objective : To promote the olympic ideals and administer olympic games.
• Members : 205
• Headquarters: Switzerland
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDISATION (ISO)

• Established : Feb., 1947
• Objective : To promote the development of international standards
• Members : 163
• Headquarters: Switzerland
INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT MOVEMENT

• Objective : To promote worldwide humanitarian aid
• Headquarters : Geneva
NON-ALIGNED MOVEMENT (NAM)

• Established: Sept. 1961

• Objective : Political co-operation and separate itself from both USA and USSR (in the cold-war era)
• Members: 118
• The credit of evolving the concept goes to Pt. Jawahar lal Nehru. The other contributors were Marshal Tito
(President of Yugoslavia), Dr. Sukarno (President of Indonesia) and General Nasser (President of Egypt).
Bandung conference in Indonesia became the forum for the birth of NAM.
EUROPEAN UNION
• Established : Apr. 8, 1965. Effective on July 1, 1967.
• Objective: To create a united Europe in which member countries would have such strong economic and
political bonds that war would cease to be a recurring fact.
• Members: 27 (The ten new countries which joined in 2004 are Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary,
Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slavalcia and Slovania) (Romania and Bulgaria joined in 2007).
• Headquarters: Brussels (Belgium). The common European, currency, Euro, was launched on Jan. 1, 1999.
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATYORGANISATION (NATO)

• Established : April 4, 1949
• Objective : Mutual defence and cooperation
• Members : 28
• Headquarters : Brussels
ORGANISATION OF PETROTEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC)

• Established : Sept, 1959
• Objective : Attempts to set world prices by controlling oil production and also persues member interest in
trade and development.
• Members: 12 (Algeria, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, UAE, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Angola and
Venezuela).
• Headquarters : Vienna (Austria)
SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION (SAARC)

• Established : Dec. 8, 1985
• Objective : To promote economic, social and cultural cooperation
• Members : Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Srilanka & Afghanistan.
• Headquarters: Kathmandu
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANISATION (WMO)

• Established : Oct 11, 1947, Effective from April 4, 1951.
• Objective : Specialised UN Agency concerned with meteorological cooperation.
• Members: 188
• Headquarters : Geneva
AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL (AI)

• Objective : To keep a watch over human rights violation worldwide.
• Headquarters : London
• Got Nobel Prize in 1977 for Peace.

ORGANISATION OF THE ISLAMIC CONFERENCE (OIC)
• Objective : To promote Islamic solidarity among member states and to consolidate cooperation among
members.
• Members : 57
• Headquarters: Saudi Arabia
WORLDWIDE FUND FOR NATURE (WWF)

• Established: Sept. 11, 1961
• Objective : To save the wildlife from extinction
• Members : All the countries of the world.
• Headquarters : Gland (Switzerland).
SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION (SCO)

• Established : June 7, 2001
• Objective : To develop mutual cooperation.
• Members : Russia, China, Kazakhistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrghiztan and Tajikistan.
SCOUTS AND GUIDES

• Established: 1907 by Lt. Gen. Baden Powell.
• Objective : To encourage good character, loyalty to god and country, service to other people and physical
and mental fitness.
• Members : About 13 million members of around 115 nations.
• World Scouts Bureau: Geneva (Switzerland).
WORLD WILDLIFE FUND FOR NATURE (WWF)

• Established : Sept. 11,1961
• Objective: To save the wildlife from extinction
• Members : All the countries of the world
• Headquarters : Gland (Switzerland)
SPACE PROGRAMME OF INDIA

• The Indian space programme began in 1962 by the setting up of Indian National Committee for Space
Research (INCOSPAR).
• Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was set-up in 1969 with its headquarters at Bangalore.
• Space commission was set-up in 1972.
• Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching station near Thiruvanthapuram in Kerala was set-up in 1963 for
launching facilities.
• Sriharikota Range (SITAR) is a satellite launching station set up in Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. SHAR
has been renamed as Satish Dhawan Space Centre.
• India’s first satellite communication earth station was set-up at Arvi near Pune.
• Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre was set up by Vikram Sarabhai at Thiruvananthapuram to built know-how
for satellite technology.
• The first Indian satellite Aryabhatta was launched on Apr. 19, 1975 from Baikanur (erstwhile USSR).
• India launched its second satellite named Bhaskara 1 on June 7, 1979 from Baikanur.
• The first Indian Remote Sensing Satellite was launched on Mar 17, 1988.

• The first Indian communication satellite, APPLE was launched on June 19, 1981 from Kourou in French
Guyana (South America). It was the first Indian satellite that was placed in geostationary orbit.
PRIME ISRO ESTABLISHMENTS

Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Trivandrum
• Responsible for development of rocket launch vehicles.
ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), Bangalore

• Responsible for space craft mainframe development.
Space Application Centre (SAC), Ahmedabad

• Main centre for space application and development of spacecraft’s payloads.
Auxiliary Propulsion System Unit (APSU), Bangalore and Trivandrum

• Develops propulsion control packages for launch vehicles and spacecrafts.
Development and Educational Communication Unit (DECU), Ahmedabad

• Produces development and educational television programmes.
• ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC).
• Consists of five ground stations located at Sriharikota, Kdvalpur, Thiruvananthapuram, Car Nicobar and
Ahmedabad with headquarters at Bangalore.
National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad

• For utilizing the potential of remote sensing, mainly in the context of natural resources survey.
• Indian National Satellite Space Segment Project Office (INSAT-INSSPO)
• Responsible for implementation and operation of the space segment for INSAT.
• The Master Control Facility for INSAT spacecrafts is located at Hassan in Kamataka. The second centre is
at Bhopal.
Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmedabad

• To carry out research in outer space.
Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS)

• A US- sponsored mission near Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala) is a rocket launching facility which became
operational in 1963.
Rocket Propellent Plant (RPP), Thumba

• Commissioned in 1969, it is engaged in production of solid propellent blocks to support rocket launching
programmes.
Experimental Satellite Communication Earth Station (ESCES), Ahmedabad
• Set-up in 1967, to impart instruction in satellite communication technology.
Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE), Ahmedabad

• Set up in 1970, to conduct joint TV experiments.

Experimental Satellite Communication Earth Station, Arvi, Pune
• India’s first satellite communication earth station. It operates through the Intersat-III satellite positioned
over the Indian Ocean. Second station has been opened at Dehradun.
National Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere Reader Facility (NMRF) - Gadanki (near Tirupati)
• To carry out atmospheric research.
MILESTONES OF INDIAN SPACE PROGRAMME
Aryabhatta April 19, 1975 Cosmos Baikanur Scientific

Bhaskara June 7, 1979 Cosmos Baikanur Geosurvey
Rohini Aug. 10, 1979 S.L. V-3 Sriharikota Geosurvey
Rohini-D-1 July 18, 1980 S.L. V-3 Sriharikota Geosurvey
Rohini May 31, 1981 S.L. V-3 Sriharikota Communication
Apple June 19, 1981 Ariane Kourou Geosurvey
Bhaskara II Nov 20, 1981 Cosmos Baikanur Communication
INSAT-IA April 10, 1982 Delta America Scientific
Rohini* April 17, 1983 S. L. V-3 D2 Sriharikota Communication
INSAT-1B Aug 30, 1983 Space Shuttle America Technological
SROSS I* March 24, 1987 ASLV-D1 Sriharikota Remote sensing
IRS-IA March 17, 1988 VOSTOK Baikanur Technological
SROSS II July 13, 1988 ASLV-D2 Sriharikota Communication
lNSAT-1C* July 21, 1988 Ariane-4 Place Communication
INSAT-ID June 12, 1990 Delta America Remote sensing
IRS-IB Aug 29, 1991 Vostok Baikanur Multipurpose
INSAT-2A July 10, 1992 Ariane-4 Kourou Multipurpose
Insat-2B July 23, 1993 Ariane-4 Kourou Remote sensing
IRS-P1* Sep 20, 1993 PSLV-D1 Sriharikota Scientific
SPOSS-IV May 4, 1994 ASLV-D3 Sriharikota Remote sensing
IRS P2 Oct 15, 1994 PSLV-D2 Sriharikota Multipurpose
INSAT-2C Dec 7, 1995 Ariane-4 Kourou Remote sensing
IRS-IC Dec 28, 1995 Molenia Baiksnur Remote sensing
IRS-P3 Mar. 21, 1996 PSLV-D3 Sriharikota Communication
INSAT-2D* June 4, 1997 Ariane-4 Kourou Remote sensing
IRS-1D Sep. 29, 1997 PSLV-C1 Sriharikota Multipurpose
INSAT-2E Apr. 3, 1999 Ariane-4 Kourou Remote sensing
IRS-P4 May 4, 1999 PSLV -C2 Sriharikota Communication
INSAT-3B Mar. 22, 2000 Ariane-5 Kourou Communication
GSAT-1* Mar. 28, 2001 GSLV-D1 Sriharikota Communication
G-SAT-1 April 18, 2001 GSLV-D1 Sriharikota Communication
INSAT-3C Jan. 24, 2002 Ariane-4 Kourou Communication
MATSAT Sept. 11, 2002 PSLVC-4 Sriharikota Meteorology
INSAT-3A April 10, 2003 Arlene-5 Kourou Communication
GSAT-2 May 8, 2003 GSLV-D2 Sriharikota Communication

EDUSAT Sept. 20, 2004 GSLV-F01 Sriharikota Education
CARTOSAT May 5, 2005 PSLV-C6 Srikarikota Mapping
HAMSAT May 5, 2005 PSLV-C6 Sriharikota Communication
CARTOSAT-2 Jan 10, 2007 PSLV-C7 Sriharikota Mapping
SRE-1 Jan 10, 2007 PSLV-C7 Sriharikota Experimental
INSAT-4B Mar 12, 2007 Arlene-5 Kourou Communication
AGILE Apr 23, 2007 PSLV-C8 Sriharikota Astronomy
Tech SAR Jan21, 2008 PSLV-C10 Sriharikota Surveillance
CARTOSAT- 2A Apr 28, 2008 PSLV-C9 Sriharikota Mapping
IMS-1 Apr 28, 2008 PSLV-C9 Sriharikota Remote Sensing
CHANDRAYAAN-1 Oct 22, 2008 PSLV-C11 Sriharikota Moon Mission
RISAT-2 Apr 4, 2009 PSLV-C12 Sriharikota Observation
OCEANSAT-2 Sept 23, 2009 PSLV-C14 Sriharikota Observation
GSAT-4 Apr 15, 2010 GSLV-D3 Sriharikota Experimental
CARTOSAT-2B July 15, 2010 PSLV-C1S Sriharikota Remote Sensing
GSAT-5P Dec 25, 2010 GSLV-F06 Sriharikota Communication
LAUNCH VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY

• In the field of launch vehicle technology, India has evolved a four-stage development programme.
• In the first stage SLV-3 (Satellite Launching Vehicle-3) was developed. Rohini satellite was launched with
its help,
• In the second stage ASLV (Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle) was developed.
• In the third stage PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) was developed in which liquid propellant was used
for the first time along with solid propellants.
• In the fourth stage GSLV (Geo-stationary Launch Vehicle) was developed. Its second and fourth stage uses
cryogenic engines. They use liquid hydrogen as fuel at — 253°C and liquid oxygen at – 183°C as oxidiser.
HISTORY OF SATELLITE LAUNCH VEHICLES
Rocket Satellite Date Result

SLV-3 Rohini 10 Aug., 1979 Unsuccessful
SLV-3 Rohini 18 July, 1980 Successful
SLV-3 Rohini 31 May, 1980 Unsuccessful
SLV-3 Rohini 17 April, 1983 Successful
ASLV-D1 SROSS-1 24 March, 1987 Unsuccessful
ASLV-D2 SROSS-2 13 July, 1988 Unsuccessful
ASLV-D3 SROSS-3 20 May. 1992 Successful
ASLV-D1 IRS-P1 20 Sep., 1993 Unsuccessful
ASLV-D2 IRS-P2 15 Oct., 1994. Successful
ASLV-D3 IRS-P3 21 March, 1996 Successful
ASLV-C1 IRS-1D 29 Sep., 1997 Successful
ASLV-C2 IRS-P4 26 May, 1999 Successful
ASLV-D1 GSAT 28 March, 2001 Unsuccessful
ASLV-D1 GSAT 18 April, 2001 Successful
ASLV-D2 GSAT-2 8 May, 2003 Successful

PSLV-C5 Resourcestat-1 17 Oct, 2003 Successful
GSLV-F01 EDUSAT 20 Sept, 2004 Successful
PSLV-C6 CARTOSAT 1 and 5 May, 2005 Successful
GSVL-F2 HAMSAT 10 July, 2006 Unsuccessful
PSLV-C7 INSAT-4C 10 Jan, 2007 Successful
Ariane-5 CARTOSAT-2 and Mar 12, 2007 Successful
PSLV-C8 SRE-1 Apr 23, 2007 Successful
PSLV-C10 INSAT-4B Jan 21, 2008 Successful
PSLV-C9 AGILE Apr 28, 2008 Successful
PSLV-C9 Tech SAR Apr 28, 2008 Successful
PSLV-C11 CARTOSAT-2A Oct 22, 2008 Successful
PSLV-C12 IMS-1 Apr 20, 2009 Successful
GSLV-D3 CHANDRAYAAN-1 Apr 15, 2010 Unsuccessful
PSLV-C15 RIST-2 July 15, 2010 Successful
GSLV-F06 GSAT-4 Dec 25, 2010 Unsuccessful
PSLV-C14 CARTOSAT-2B Dec 25, 2010 Successful
GSAT-5P Sept 23, 2009 Successful
OCEANSAT-2
WORLD-MISCELLANEOUS
WORLD’S FAMOUS POLITICAL PARTIES
Countries Chief Political Parties

Australia Liberal Party, Labour Party
Bangladesh Bangladesh National Party, Awami League, Jatiya Party
China Chinese Communist Party
France Socialist Party, National Front, Union for French Democracy
India Indian National Congress, Bhartiya Janta Party
Israel Labour Party, Likud Party, Hadash Party
Nepal Nepali Congress, Nepali Communist Party V
Pakistan Muslim League, Pakistan People’s Party
Russia Liberal Democratic Party, Communist Party
South Africa African National Congress, National Party
Sri Lanka Freedom Party, United National Party
United Kingdom Labour Party, Conservative Party, Liberal Democratic Party
United States of America Democratic Party, Republican Party
WORLD’S FAMOUS INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES

Intelligence Agency Country
Australian Security and intelligence Organisation (ASIO) Australia
Central External Langa Department(CELD) China
Mukhbirat Egypt
Mosad Israel
Sawac Iran
Almukhbirat Iraq
Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), Intelligence Bureau (IB). Central India
Bureau of Investigation (CB1)

NIACHO Japan
Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) Pakistan
KGB/G.R.U. Russia
Bureau of State Security South Africa
MI (Military Intelligence)—5 & 6, Joint Intelligence Organisation (JIO) United
Kingdom
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) USA
NATIONAL MONUMENTS OF SOME FAMOUS COUNTRIES

Monument Country Monument Country
Emperial Palace (Tokyo) Japan Leaning Tower of Pisa Italy
Eiffel Tower (Paris) France Pyramid (Giza) Egypt
Great Wall of China China Opera House (Sidney) Australia
Kremlin (Moscow) Russia Statue of Liberty (New York) USA
Kinder Disk Denmark Tajmahal (Agra) India
NATIONAL EMBLEMS OF FAMOUS COUNTRIES
Country Emblem Country Emblem

Australia Kangaroo Italy White Lily
Bangladesh Water Lily Japan Chrysanthemum
Canada White Lily Norway Lion
Denmark Beach Pakistan Crescent
France Lily Spain Eagle
Germany Corn Flower Sri Lanka Sword & Lion
India Lion Capital Russia Sickle & Hammer
Iran Rose United Kingdom Rose
Ireland Shamrock U.S.A. Golden Rod
PARLIAMENT’S NAME OF THE FAMOUS COUNTRIES
Country Parliament Country Parliament

Afghanistan Shora Malaysia Majlis
Australia Parliament Maldive Majlis
Bangladesh Jatia Parliament Mangolia Khural
Bhutan Tasongadu Nepal Rasthtriya Panchayat
Canada Parliament Netherlands States General
China National People Congress Norway Storting
Denmark Folketing Pakistan National Assembly
Egypt People’s Assembly Poland Scym
France National Assembly Spain Crotes
Germany Bundestag Sweden Riksdag
Great Britain Parliament South Africa Parliament
India Parliament (Sansad) Switzerland Federal Assembly
Iran Majlis Russia Duma
Ireland Dali Eirearin Taiwan Yuan
Israel Knesset Turkey Grand National Assembly
Japan Diet U.S.A. Congress

SIGNS AND SYMBOLS
A blind folder woman holding a balanced scale Justice

Black armband Sign of Protest or Mourning
Black flag Protest
Dove Peace
Flag flown at half mart National mourning
Flag flown upside down Distress
Green Light Line clear signal
Hammer and Sickle National Flag (Russia)
Lotus Culture and Civilisation
Olive Branch Peace
Red Flag Sign of danger, revolution
Red Cross Hospital or medical aid
Red Light Sign of stop
Red Triangle Family Planning
Stars and Stripes National Flag (USA)
Maharaja Air India
Tricolour National Flag (India)
Two bones crossing each other diagonally with a skull in theupper quadrant Danger (electricity)
Union Jack National Flag (U.K.)
Wheel Progress
White flag Truce
OFFICIAL BOOKS
Blue Book An official report of the British Government.

Green Book Official Publications of Italy and Persia.
Grey Book Official reports of the Government of Japan and Belgium.
Orange Book Official Publication of the Government of Netherlands.
White Book Official Publications of China, Germany and Portugal.
White Paper Official Paper of the Government of Britain and India on a particular issue.
Yellow Book French Official Book.
WONDERS OF THE WORLD
Ancient Medieval
Hanging Gardens of Babylon Colosseum of Rome
Temple of Diana al Ephesus (Rome) Great Wall of China
Statue of Jupiter at Olympia Porcelain Tower of Nanking
Mausoleum of .Mausolus (Ruler of Halicarnassus) Stonehange of England
Pyramids of Egypt Mosque at St. Sophia (Constantinople)
Light House at Alexandria Catacombs of Alexandria
Colossus of Rhodes Leaning Tower of Pisa
Taj Mahal (India)

FAMOUS ANIMALS AND BIRDS
Name Description
Albatross Sea bird found in North Pacific of the American Coast.
Alpaca Animal found in Chile (S. America).
Beaver Animal found in Europe and N. America.
Chameleon A lizard capable of changing colour of its own skin.
Chamois An animal found in western Europe and Asia.
Cod Well-known palatable fish found in British Coast and New foundland.
Corals Small marineanirnals found mainly in the Mediterranean. Pacific and Indian Ocean.
Emu Running bird of AUstralia.
Giraffe The tallest animal of th world and found in Africa.
Guerilla Man-like animal and found in Africa.

Llama A dwarf-camel like animal found in South America.
Kangaroo An animal found in Australia.
Kiwi Flightless bird found in New Zealand.
Koala Animal found in Australia.
Mustang Animal found in American Prairies.
Octopus A sea animal with eight sucker arms:
Ostrich It is the largest living bird found in the Kalahari desert of Africa.
Pelican Water foul found in North America and Europe.
Penguin Flightless sea bird found in Antarctica.
Puma A carnivorous quadrupled found in N. America.
Reindeer A genus of horned deer found in Arctic region.
Trout A fresh water fish found in Kashmir.
Walrus Large arctic marine animal found in north polar region.
Yak A curious long haired ox found in Tibet.
Zebra Horse like quadrupled of whitish-grey colour animal found in Africa.
FAMOUS DANCES, DANCERS, INSTRUMENTALISTS AND VOCALISTS
CLASSICAL DANCES OF INDIA

Dance State Dance State
Bharat Natyam Tamil Nadu Karma Madhya Pradesh
Bihu Assam Laho Meghalaya
Bhangra Punjab Mohiniattam Kerala
Chhau Bihar, Orissa, W. Bengal
and Jharkhand Mando Goa
Garhwali Uttaranchal Manipuri Manipur
Garba Gujarat Nati Himachal Pradesh
Hattari Karnataka Nat-Natin Bihar
Kathak North India Odissi Orissa
Kathakali Kerala Rauf Jammu & Kashmir
Kutchipudi Andhra Pradesh Yakshagan Karnataka
Khantumm Mizoram

FOLK AND TRIBAL DANCES
States Dances
Maharashtra Kathakeertan, Lezin Dandaniya, Tamasha, Gafa, Dahikala, Lovani, Mauni,
Dasavtar
Kamataka Huttari, Suggi Kunitha, Yakashagana
Kerala Kaikottikali, Kaliyattam, Tappatikkali
Tamil Nadu Kolattam, Pinnal Kolattam, Kummi, Kavadi, Karagam
Andhra Pradesh Ghanta Mardala, Veedhi Natakam, Burrakatha
Orissa Ghumara Sanchar, Chadya Dandanata, Chhau
West Bengal Kathi, Chhau, Baul, Kirtan, Jatra, Lama
Assam Bihu, Khel Gopal, Rash Lila, Tabal Chongli, Canoe
Punjab Giddha (women), Bhangra (men)
J&K Rauf, Hikat
Himachal Pradesh Jhora, Jhali, Darigli. Mahasu, Jadda, Jhainta, Chhanhi
Haryana Jhumar, Ras Leela, Phag dance, Daph, Dhamal, Loor, Gugga, Khoria, Gagor
Gujarat Garba, Dandiya Bass, Tippani, Gomph
Rajasthan Ginad, Chakri, Gangore, Terahtaal, Khayal, Jhulan Leela, Jhuma, Suisini
Bihar Jata Jatin, Jadur, Chhau, Kathaputli, Bakho, Jhijhiya, . Samochakwa, Karma, Jatra,
Natna
Uttar Pradesh Nautanki, Thora, Chappeli, Raslila, Kajri.
DANCERS
Bharatnatyam Bala Saraswati, C.V. Chandrasekhar, Leela Samson, Mrinalini Sarabhai, Padma
Subramanyam, Rukmini Devi Sanyukta Panigrahi, Sonal Mansingh, Yamini
Krishnamurti
Kathak Bharti Gupta. Birju Maharaj, Damayanti Joshi, Durga Das, Gopi Krishna,
Kumudini Lakhia, Sambhu Maharaj, Sitara Devi
Kuchipudi Josyula Seetharamaiah, Vempathi Chinna Sathyam
Manipuri Guru Bipin Sinha, Jhaveni Sisters, Nayana Jhaveni, Nirmala Mehta, Savita Mehta
Odissi Debaprasad Das, Dhirendra Nath Pattnaik, Indrani Rahman, Kelucharan

Mahapatra, Pniyambada Mohanty, Sonal Mansingh
INSTRUMENTALISTS
Sarod All Akbar Khan, Allaudin Khan, Amjad All Khan, Buddhadev Dasgupta, Bahadur
Khan, Sharan Rani, Zarin S. Sharma
Tabla Alla Rakha Khan, Kishan Maharaj, Nikhil Ghosh, Zakir Hussain
Violin Baluswamy Dikshitar, Gajanan Rao Joshi, Lalgucli G. Jayaraman, M.S. Gopala
krishnan, Mysore T. Chowdiah, T. N. Krishnan
Shehnai Bismillah Khan
Sitar Nikhil Banerjee, Ravi Shankar, Vilayat Khan, Hara Shankar Bhattacharya
Flute Hari Prasad Chaurasia, Pannalal Ghose, T.R. Mahalingam
Veena K.R. Kumaraswamy lyer, Doraiswami Iyengar

VOCALISTS
Hindustani Shubha Mudgal, Bheemsen Joshi, Madhup Mudgal, Mukul Shivputra, Pandit
Jasraj, Parveen Sultana, Naina Devi, Girija Devi, Ustad Ghulam Mustafa Khan,
Gangubai Hangal, Krishna Hangal, V.Rajput, Kumar Gandharva, Faiyyaz Khan,
Mallikarjun Mansur.
Carnatic M.S. Subbalakshmi, Balamuralikrishna, Bombay Jaishree, H.K. Raghavendra, H.K.
Venkataram, Sitarajam, Mani Krishnaswamy, Akhil Krishnan, M.L.
Vasanthakumani, M.D. Ramanathan, G.N. Balasubramaniam
Thumri Ustad Bade Ghulam All Khan, Ustad Mazhar All Khan, Ustad Zawad All Khan,
Rita Ganguli, Poornima Chaudhary, Shanti Heerananda, Naina Devi
Quwwali Ghulam Hasan Niyazi, Sultan Niyazi, Ghulam Farid Nizaml, Chand Nizami, Iqbal
Hussain Khan Bandanawaji, Aslam Sabari
Dhrupad Ustad Hahim Fahimuddin Dagar. Zahiruddin Dagar, Wasifuddin Dagar,
Bundecha Bandhu, Uday Rhawalkar, Pt. Abhay Narayan Mallick, Pt. Ritwik
Sanyal
INDIAN DEFENCE
• The President of India is the supreme commander of the Indian Defence System.
• The whole administrative control of the Armed forces lies in the Ministry of Defence.
• Indian Defence System has been divided into three services-Army, Navy and Air Force.
INDIAN ARMY
Commands Headquarters
1. Western Command Chandigarh
2. Eastern Command Kolkata
3. Northern Command 56 A.P.O.
4. Southern Command Pune
5. Central Command Lucknow
7. Army Training Command Shimla
8. South Western Command Jaipur
• Each command is under a General Officer Commanding-in-chief of the rank of Lieutenant General.
• The commands are divided into Areas and Sub-Areas. An area is commanded by a General Officer
Commanding of the rank of a Major General and a sub-area by a Brigadier.
Note : In most of the books, the HQ of training command is given at Mhow (M.P.), that is wrong. The HQ of
training command is in Shimla.
ARMY TRAINING INSTITUTES
1. National Defence Academy Khadakvasla

2. National Defence College New Delhi
3. Indian Military Academy Dehradun
4. Defence Services Staff College Wellington (TN)
5. Armed Forces Medical College Pune
6. Infantry School Mhow

7. Rashtriya Indian Military College Dehradun
8: Artillery Training Deolali
9. Army Ordnance Corps School Jabalpur
10. Army Cadet College Dehradun
11. College of Defence Management Secunderabad
12. College of Military Engineering Kirkee, Rifle
13. Armoured Corps Centre and School Ahmednagar
14. College of Combat Mhow
15. Officers’ Training Academy Chennai
INDIAN AIR FORCE

➢ It is organised into seven commands:
1. Western Command New Delhi
2. Central Command Allahabad
3. Eastern Command Shillong
4. South Western Command Jodhpur
5. Training Command Bangalore
6. Maintenance Command Nagpur
7. Southern Command Thiruvananthapuram
➢ The following fighter air crafts are there in the Indian Air Force : Sukhoi-30, MIG-29, MIG-27, MIG-25, MIG-
21, Mirage 2000. MIG-29 has been renamed Baaz and Mirage 2000 is called Vajra. MI-45, MI-85, Cheetas
and Chetaks are the helicopters used in Indian Air Force.
AIR FORCE TRAINING CENTRES

1. Air Force Administrative College Coimbatore
2. Air Force Flying College Jodhpur
3. Air Force School Jalahalli
4. Air Force Paratroopers Training School Agra
5. Flying Instructors School Tambaram
6. Air Force School Sambra, Belgaun
7 Elementary Flying School Bidar
8. Fighter Training & Transport Training Wings Hakimpet & Yelahanka
9. Institute of Aviation Medicine Bangalore
10. College of Air Warfare Secunderabad
INDIAN NAVY
➢ It is organised into three commands:
Eastern Command Vishakhapatnam
Southern Command Cochin
Western Command Mumbai
➢ Each command is headed by Vice Admiral.
➢ The Navy is headed by the “Chief of the Naval Staff” of the rank of Admiral.
➢ The first Aircraft Carrier of Indian Navy was INS Vikrant. India’s largest Aircraft carrier is INS Viraat. After
retirement of Vikrant, Viraat is the main guard of Indian coastline. It was commissioned in 1987 and will
continue in service till 2010.
➢ INS Chakra was India’s first nuclear submarine.
➢ INS Vibhuti was India’s first indigenously built missile boat launched at Mazgaon docks in Mumbai.
➢ INS Savitri was India’s first warship fabricated at Hindustan Shipyard Limited in 1990.
➢ INS Shakti was India’s first indigenously built submarine.

➢ INS Delhi is India’s largest and most sophisticated indigenously built worship. It was launched in 1991 at
Mazgaon docks and commissioned in 1997.
➢ INS Kadamba is India’s largest naval base situated at Karwar, Karnataka. It was commissioned in 2005
under the project ‘Seabird’.
➢ INS Talwar is first of the three hightech stealth frigates built by Russia for Indian navy.
➢ Nilgiri is India’s first indigenous stealth frigate. It was built at Mazgaon dockyard.
➢ INS Prahar is world’s fastest missile ship, commissioned in 1997.
➢ INS Mysore is Indian navy’s most modernised indigenously built warship, commissioned in 1999.
➢ INS Beas, the advanced guided missile frigate, was commissioned in 2005.
NAVAL TRAINING CENTRES

1. Indian Naval Academy Cochin
2. INS Angre Mumbai
3. INS Valsura Jamnagar
4. Naval Air Station, Garuda Cochin
5. INS Venduruthy Cochin
6. INS Kunjali Mumbai
7. INS Shivaji Lonavala
8. INS Oircars Vishakhapatnam
9. Sailors Training Establishment Dabalin (Goa)
10. INS Dronacharya Fort Kochi
11. INS Hamla Mumbai
RANKS OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS

Army Air Force Navy
General Air Chief Marshal Admiral
Lt. General Air Marshal Vice Admiral
Major General Air Vice Marshal Rear Admiral
Brigadier Air Commodore Commodore
Colonel Group Captain Captain
Lt. Colonel Wing Commander Commander
Major Squadron Leader Lt. Commander
Captain Fit. Lieutenant Lieutenant
Lieutenant Flying Officer Sub-Lieutenant
DEFENCE PRODUCTION UNDERTAKINGS
❖ Eight Public-Sector Undertakings (PSUs) currently function under the Department of Defence Production
and Supplies. They are:
❖ Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL): It has 12 factories located at Bangalore (5 factories), Koraput, Nasik,
Karwar, Kanpur, Lucknow, Barrackpur and Hyderabad. It designs, manufactures and overhauls various
types of aircrafts.
❖ Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL): It has 9 factories located at Bangalore, Ghaziabad, Pune, Machhilipatnam,
Taleja (Maharashtra), Panchkula (Haryana), Kotdwar (Uttaranchal), Hyderabad and Chennai. It is engaged
in the design, development and manufacturing of electronic equipments.
❖ Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML) : It has three factories located at Bangalore, Mysore and Kolar gold
fields where heavy equipments like bulldozers, dumpers, loaders, cranes, etc are manufactured.

❖ Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL): It is located at Hyderabad to manufacture guided missiles.
❖ Mazgaon Dock Limited (MDL): It is located at Mumbai and its activities include shipbuilding apart from
other works.
❖ Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineering Limited (GRSE): It was set-up in Kolkata and is engaged in
the construction and maintenance of warships and auxiliary vessels for Navy and Coast Guard.
❖ Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL): It comprises construction and repair/refit of ships/vessels.
❖ Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (MIDHANI): It is located at Hyderabad and manufactures sophisticated and
strategic special metals and alloys for nuclear energy, aeronautics, space, etc.
PARAMILITARY AND RESERVED FORCES
INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICE (ITBP)

❖ It was established in 1962, after the Chinese attack.
❖ It is basically employed in the Northern borders for monitoring the borders and also to stop smuggling and
illegal immigration.
NATIONAL SECURITY GUARDS (NSG)

❖ It was established is 1984.
❖ It has been established to counter the surge of militancy in the country.
❖ It is a highly trained force which deals with the militants effectively.
CENTRAL INDUSTRIAL SECURITY FORCE (CISF)

❖ It was set-up in 1969 after the recommendations of Justice B. Mukherji.
❖ Its objective is to monitor the industrial complexes of Central Government.
ASSAM RIFLES
❖ It was established in 1835 and is the oldest paramilitary force in the country.
❖ Its main objective is to keep vigilance of international borders in North East and countering insurgency
operations in Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland.
BORDER SECURITY FORCE (BSF)

❖ It was established in 1965.
❖ It keeps a vigil over the international borders against the intrusion in the country.
CENTRAL RESERVE POLICE FORCE (CRPF)

❖ It was set-up in 1939.
❖ Its main objective is to assist the State / Union Territory Police in maintenance of law and order.
❖ The 88th Battalion of CRPF, known as ‘Mahila Battalion’ (commissioned on March 30, 1986) is the world’s
first paramilitary force comprising entirely of women.
NATIOIAL CADET CORPS (NOC)

❖ Its main objective is to stimulate interest among the youth in the defence of the country in order to build
up a reserve man power to expand armed forces.

TERRITORIAL ARMY (TA)
❖ It is a voluntary, part-time force (between 18 and 35 years), not professional soldiers, but civilians, who
wish to assist in defence of the country.
HOME GUARDS
❖ It was established in 1962, to assist the police in maintaining security, to help defence forces and to help
local authorities in case of any eventuality.
COAST GUARD
❖ Its objective is to protect the maritime and other national interests in the maritime zones of India.
INTELLIGENCE BUREAU (IB)
❖ Its objective is the collect secret information relating to country’s security.
❖ It was originally set-up as Central Special Branch (CSB) in 1987 and renamed IB in 1920.
CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (CBI)

❖ Its objective is to investigate cases of misconduct by public servants, cases of cheating, embezzlement and
fraud.
❖ CBI is also entrusted with the investigation of international crime cases in collaboration with INTERPOL.
NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU (NCRB)

❖ Its objective is to collect crime statistics at the national level, information of inter-state and international
criminals to help investigation agencies.
RAPID ACTION FORCE (RAF)

❖ Under the operational command of CRPF.
❖ 10 battalions of the CRPF have been reoriented for tackling communal riots in the country.
DEFENCE RESEARCH IN INDIA

❖ Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) was established iii 1958 to provide a solid base
to the national security system.
❖ DRDO formulates and executes programs of scientific research, design and develop new weapons required
by the Armed Forces.
❖ Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) was launched in 1983 in which the
following missiles have been developed:
AGNI
❖ The Agni missile is an intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) developed under the IGMDP by India.
It was first tested at the Interim Test Range in Chandipur in 1989, and is capable of carrying a conventional
payload of 1000 kg or a nuclear warhead. It consists of one (short range) or two stages (intermediate range).
It is rail and road mobile. It is powered by solid and/or liquid propellants.
❖ Agni-III, the third in the Agni series, has a range of 3,500 km- 5500 km. The Agni I has a range of 700—800
km while the Agni-II as a range of 2,000—2,500 km.

PRITHVI
❖ The Prithvi missile is the tactical surface-to-surface short-range ballistic missile (SRBM). It was India’s first
indigenously developed ballistic missile. Development of the Prithvi began in 1983, and it was first test-
fired on Feb 25, 1988 from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.
VARIANTS OF PRITHVI
❖ The Prithvi missile project encompassed developing three variants for use by the Indian Army, Indian Air
Force and the Indian Navy, outlined in the initial project framework of the IGMDP.
❖ Prithvi I - Army Version (150 km range with a payload of 1000 kg)
❖ Prithvi II - Air Force Version (200 km range with a payload of 500 kg)
❖ Prithvi III or Sagarika - Naval Version (350 km range with a payload of 500 kg)
DHANUSH
❖ The Dhanush is a Naval variant of the Prithvi short-range ballistic missile intended for launch from surface
ships. The Defence Ministry has said that the 8.53 metre-long and 0.9 meter wide Dhanush, with a strike
range of 350 km and payload capacity of 500 kg, would “soon be operationalised” in the Navy.
AKASH
❖ Akash is a medium range surface-to-air missile with an intercept range of 30 km. It has a launch weight of
720 kg, a diameter of 35 cm and a length of 5.8 metres. Akash flies at supersonic speed, reaching around
Mach 2.5. It can reach an altitude of 18km. It is propelled by a solid fuelled booster stage.
TRISHUL
❖ Trishul is a short range surface-to-air missile. It has a range of 9 km and is fitted with a 5.5 kg warhead.
Designed to be used against low-level (sea skimming) targets at short range, the system has been
developed, to defend naval vessels against missiles and also as a short range surface to air missile on land.
NAG
❖ Nag is India’s third generation “Fire-and-forget” anti-tank missile. It is an all-weather, top attack missile
with a range of 3 to 7 km. Separate versions for the Army and the Air Force are being developed.
SHAURYA
❖ The Shaurya missile is a short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile for use by the Indian Army. Capable
of hypersonic speeds, it has a range of 600 km and is capable of carrying a payload of one-tonne
conventional or nuclear warhead. The Shaurya missile provides India with a significant second strike
capability. Shaurya missile is a land version of the under-water launched K-15 missile, Sagarika.
BRARMOS
❖ BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile that can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft or land. It is a
joint venture between India’s DRDO and Russia’s NPO Mashinostroeyenia who have, together formed the
BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited. Its operational range is 290 km.
❖ The acronym BrahMos is perceived as the confluence of the two nations represented by two rivers, the
Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia. It travels at speeds of Mach 2.5 to 2.8 and is the world’s
fastest cruise missile. A hypersonic version of the missile is also presently under development.

OTHER DEVELOPMENTS
❖ The expertise and technology developed through the IGMDP is also used in the new Anti ballistic missile
called the Exoatmospheric interceptor system which successfully intercepted a Prithvi-II ballistic missile.
❖ India became the fourth nation in the world to acquire such a capability and the third nation to develop it
through indigenous effort. In Dec 2007, India successfully tested the Endoatmospheric version which
destroyed a modified Prithvi-II missile at 15 km altitude with text-book perfection thereby completing what
is known as Multi-layered Theatrical Wide-area Air Defence system that can successfully target and destroy
all kinds of Aerial threats from low flying cruise missiles, supersonic short-range, intermediate-range and
intercontinental ballistic missiles at altitudes of 15 to 50 + km at any angle and azimuth.
INDIA’S ATOMIC RESEARCH
❖ India’s journey to atomic energy research started with the establishment of the Atomic Energy Commission
on Aug. 10, 1948, under the chairmanship of Dr. Homi J. Bhabha. Subsequently, the Department of Atomic
Energy (DAE) was established in 1954 for implementation of atomic energy programmes.
❖ Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) was established in 1957 at Trombay (Maharashtra). It is India’s
largest atomic research centre. Apsara (India’s first atomic reactor), Circus, Zerlina, Dhruva, Purnima I and
II and Kamini (India’s first fast breeder nuclear reactor, at Kalpakkam) are the BARC’S atomic reactors.
❖ BARC’S Research Centres: Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (Kolkata), High Altitude Research Lab
(Gulmarg), Nuclear Research Lab (Kashmir) and Seismic Station (Gauribidanur, Karnataka).
❖ Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research was established in 1971 and is located at Kalpakkam (Chennai).
The centre carries out research and development of indigenous technology of sodium cooled fast breeder
reactors.
❖ Centre for Advanced Technology (CAT) was established in 1984 and is located at Indore. The centre carries
out research and development of high technology in fields like lasers, fusion and acceleration.
❖ Pokhran Tests: India has so far conducted 6 nuclear test explosion. The first nuclear explosion was
conducted on May 18, 1974 at Pokhran in Rajasthan. The others were conducted on May 11 and 13, 1998 at
Pokhran range only. India’s main objective of conducting these tests is to use atomic energy for peaceful
purposes.
AWARDS, HONOURS AND PRIZES

NOBEL PRIZE
❖ It is the most coveted international award of the world.
❖ It was instituted by the inventor of dynamite, Alfred Bernard Nobel (1833-96).
❖ The award is given on Dec. 10, which is the death anniversary of its founder.
❖ Nobel made a trust from the money that he earned through the patent of his invention whose interest is
used to give the money for the Nobel Prizes.
❖ Nobel Prize is given every year to those eminent persons who have made pioneering achievements in the
field of Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Peace, Literature and Economics.
❖ Apart from Economics, all other categories have been given since 1901. Economics Nobel Prize was
instituted in 1967 and was first given in 1969.
TWICE RECEPIENTS OF NOBEL PRIZE

Same Subjects Different Subjects
John Bardeen Physics (1956) Marie Curie Physics (1903)
John Bardeen Physics (1972) Marie Curie Chemistry (1911)
Frederic Sanger Chemistry (1958) Linus Pauling Chemistry (1954)
Frederic Sanger Chemistry (1980) Linus Pauling Peace (1962)

❖ The international Committee of the Red Cross has been awarded the Nobel Prize for peace three times : In
1917, 1944 and 1963.
ADJUDICATORS
Physics and Chemistry Swedish Academy of Science
Medicine Stockholm Faculty of Medicine
Literature Swedish Academy of Science
Peace Panel of 5-parliamentarians of Norwegian Parliament
Economics Bank of Sweden
INDIAN NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS

Name Field Year
Rabindranath Tagore Literature 1913
Dr. C.V.Raman Physics 1930
Dr. Hargovind Khurana Medicine 1968
Mother Teresa Peace 1979
Dr. S. Chandrashekhar Physics 1983
Dr. Amartya Sen Economics 1999
V.S. Naipaul Literature 2001
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan Chemistry 2009
OTHER AWARDS AND PRIZES

PULITZER PRIZE
❖ It was instituted in 1970 and named after the US Publisher Joseph Pulitzer.
❖ It is conferred annually in the USA for accomplishments in journalism, literature and music.
MAGSAYSAY AWARDS
❖ They were instituted in 1957 and named after Ramon Magsaysay, the late President of Philippines, who
died in an air crash.
❖ This award is given annually on Aug. 31, for outstanding contributions to public service, community
leadership journalism, literature and creative arts and international understanding.
❖ They are often regarded as the Nobel Prize of Asia.
BOOKER PRIZE
❖ It is the highest literary award given to the authors of British, Irish and Commonwealth countries.
❖ It was instituted in 1968 by the Booker Company and the British Publishers Association along the lines of
Pulitzer Prize of US.
❖ Booker Prize has been renamed as Man Booker Prize, as the sponsorship has been taken over by the Man
Group, an international stockbroker.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU AWARD FOR INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING
❖ It was instituted in 1965 by the Government of India.
❖ It is given annually to persons for outstanding contributions to the promotion of international
understanding and goodwill among the people of the world.
OSCAR AWARDS
❖ These awards were instituted in 1929 and conferred annually by the Academy of Motion Pictures in USA.
❖ These are considered the most prestigious awards in the cinema world.
❖ The first Indian to get an Oscar was Bhanu Athaiya for the movie ‘Gandhi’.
❖ Satyajk Ray was the first Indian who was awarded Oscar for lifetime achievements in cinema in 1992.

RIGHT LIVELIHOOD AWARD
❖ It was instituted in. 1980 by the Right Livelihood Society, London.
❖ It is renowned as alternate Nobel Award to promote and contribute in the fields of environment and social
justice.
MAHATMA GANDHI PEACE PRIZE

❖ It was instituted in 1995 by the Government of India.
❖ It is presented for international peace on the lines of Nobel Prize.
UNESCO PEACE PRIZE

❖ It is presented by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) for
extraordinary contributions for international peace.
UNESCO HUMAN RIGHTS AWARD

❖ It is also presented by UNESCO for contributions in the field of Human Rights Awareness.
❖ It is given every alternate year.
UN HUMAN RIGHTS AWARD

❖ It is presented by United. Nations (UN) for personal contribution for the cause of human rights.
❖ It is presented every sixth year.
WORLD FOOD PRIZE

❖ It is presented by Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), one of the branches of UNO, for the cause of
agriculture and food development.
OLYMPIC GOLD ORDER

❖ It is presented by the International Olympic Committee for distinguished services in the development of
the OLYMPIC MOVEMENT.
INDIRA GANDHI AWARD FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE, DISARMAMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

❖ It is presented by Indira Gandhi Memorial Fund for specialised contribution in the field of international
disarmament and development.
BHARAT RATNA
❖ It is the highest civilian award of India. It is presented by the Government of India.
❖ It is presented for exceptional public service and rarest achievements in the field of art, literature and
science.
❖ It was instituted in 1954 and the first recipient was Dr. Radhakrishnan.
❖ Padma Vibhushan is the second highest civilian award for distinguished services in any field including
Government service.
❖ Padma Bhushan and Padma Shree are the other important civilian awards.
BHARTIYA JNANPEETH AWARDS

❖ It was instituted in 1965 and is given for distinguished works in any recognised language by a scholar.
SAHITYA AKADEMY AWARDS

❖ It was instituted in 1955 and is given for any exclusive writing in any of the 22 languages including English
literature during last 5 years.

MOORTIDEVI AWARD
❖ It was constituted in 1948 and is given in any Indian language or in English literature, for distinguished
contribution to Indian values.
SARASWATI SAMMAN
❖ It was instituted in 1991 by the K.K. Birla Foundation and is given for any distinguished literary work made
during last 10 years in any of the Indian language.
TANSEN AWARDS
❖ These awards are given by the Government of M.P. for the outstanding contribution in the field of music.
VYAS SAMMAN
❖ It was instituted in 1992 by the K.K. Birla Foundation for outstanding contribution to Hindi literature.
IQBAL SAMMAN
❖ These awards are given by the Government of M.P. for the outstanding contribution in the field of
literature.
SHANTI SWARUP BHATNAGAR AWARDS

❖ These awards are given to the Indian scientists for their exceptional performance.
R.D. BIRLA AWARD

❖ These awards are given in the field of medical sciences.
DHANVANTRI AWARD
❖ These awards are given for the extra ordinary performance in medical sciences.
ARJUNA AWARDS
❖ These were instituted in 1961 and given by Sports Ministry, Government of India.
❖ These are given for the special achievements in different types of sports.
DRONACHARYA AWARDS
❖ These were instituted in 1985 and given by Sports Ministry, Government of India.
❖ These are given to sports coaches.
RAJIV GANDHI KHEL RATNA

❖ It was instituted in 1962 and is presented for commendable display by the players.
GALLANTRY AWARDS
❖ Param Vir Chakra : It is India’s highest award for bravery.
❖ Mahavir Chakra : It is the second highest gallantry award.
❖ Vir Chakra : It is the third highest gallantry award.
❖ Ashok Chakra : It is the highest peace-time gallantry award.

THE WORLD OF SPORTS
TROPHIES ASSOCIATED WITH SPORTS
Name the Trophy Related game Name the Trophy Related game
Agha Khan Cup Hockey US Masters Golf
Barna Belleck Cup Table Tennis Hopman Cup Lawn Tennis
Beighton Cup Hockey Colombo Cup Football
Bombay Gold Cup Hockey Davis Cup Lawn Tennis
Burdwan Trophy Weight Lifting Derby Horse Race
D.C.M. Trophy Football Kings Cup Air Races (England)
Dhyanchand Trophy Hockey Merdeka Cup Football (Asia)
Dr. B. C. Roy Trophy Football Prince of Wales Cup Gold (England)
Duleep Trophy Cricket Swaythling Cup World Table Tennis
Durand Cup Football Thomas Cup World Badminton (Men)
Ezra Cup Polo U. Thant Cup Tennis
I. FA. Shield Football Uber Cup World Badminton (Women)
Lady Ratan Tata Trophy Hockey Walker Cup Golf (England)
Moinuddaula Gold Cup Cricket West Chester Cup Polo (England)
Nehru Trophy Hockey Heineken Cup Lawn Tennis
Radha Mohan Cup Polo US-Open Lawn Tennis
Rangaswami Cup Hockey French-Open Lawn Tennis
Ranji Trophy Cricket Australian Open Lawn Tennis
Rovers Cup Football Wimbledon Lawn Tennis
Santosh Trophy Football World Cup Hockey
Scindia Gold Cup Hockey World Cup Football
Subroto Mukherjee Cup Football (Inter School) World Cup Cricket
Wellington Trophy Rowing Augusta Masters Golf
American Cup Yatch Racing Champions Trophy Hockey
Ashes Cup Cricket (Australia- British Open Golf
England) Malaysian Open Badminton
Azlan Shah Hockey Tata Open Lawn Tennis
Linares Open Golf
NUMBER OF PLAYERS ON EACH SIDE IN IMPORTANT GAMES

Badminton 1 or 2 Polo 4
Baseball 9 Rugby Football 15
Basketball 5 Tennis and Table Tennis 1 or 2
Cricket 11 Water Polo 7
Football 11 Volleyball 6
Hockey 11

PLACES ASSOCIATED WITH SPORTS
Play Ground Sports Place

Firoz Shah Kotla Cricket Delhi
Eden Garden Cricket Kolkata
Wankhede Stadium Cricket Mumbai
Green Park Cricket Kanpur
Keenan Stadium Cricket Jamshedpur
Chepak (Nehru) Stadium Cricket Chennai
Chennaswami Stadium Cricket Bangalore
Brabourne Stadium Cricket Mumbai
Moinul Haqque Stadium Cricket, Football Patna
Jagjivan Ram Stadium Football Danapur (Patna)
Lords, Oval, Leeds Cricket England
Perth, Brisbane, Sidney Cricket Australia
Melbourne Cricket Australia
Sharjah Stadium Cricket Sharjah (U.A.E.)
Bangbandhu Stadium. Cricket Dacca (Bangladesh)
Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium Cricket Hyderabad
Barabati Stadium Cricket Cuttack
Ranjit Stadium Football Kolkata
Yadavindra Stadium Hockey Patiala
National Stadium Hockey Delhi
Shivaji Stadium Hockey Delhi
Netaji Stadium Football Kolkata
Ambedkar Stadium Football Delhi
Indra Prastha Stadium Indoor games Delhi
Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium Athletics Delhi
Epsom Derby Horse race England
Blackheim Rugby Football England
Aintree Horse race England
Henly Boat racing England
Hurlingham Polo England
Brooklyn Baseball New York
Madison Square Garden Boxing New York
Dhyan Chand Stadium Hockey Lucknow
Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium Hockey Hyderabad
Mordeka Stadium Hockey Kuala Lumpur
Nehru Stadium Hockey Delhi
Sawai Man Singh Stadium Hockey Jaipur

NATIONAL SPORTS OF FAMOUS COUNTRIES
Name National game Name National game
Australia Cricket Malaysia Badminton
Brazil Football Pakistan Hockey
Canada Ice Hockey Russia Chess, Football
China Table Tennis Scotland Rugby Football
England Cricket Spain Bull Fighting
India Hockey United States of America Baseball
Japan Judo or Ju Jitsu
TERMS USED IN GAMES AND SPORTS

Badminton Deuce, Double, Drop, Fault, Game, Let, Love, Smash.
Baseball Bunting, Diamond, Home, Pitcher, Put Out, Strike.
Billiards Break, Cannons, Cue, In off, Jigger, Scratch.
Boat Race Cox
Boxing Hook, Jab, Knock-out, Punch, upper cut.
Bridge Diamonds, Dummy, Grand slam, Little slam, Revoke, Ruff, Tricks, Trrimp.
Chess Check, Checkmate, Gambit, Stalemate.
Cricket Bowling, Bouncer, Crease, Cover point, Drive, Duck, Follow on, Googly, Gulley, Hat
trick, Hit wicket, L. B. W. (Leg Before Wicket), Leg Break, Leg spinner, Leg bye, Maiden
over, No ball, Pitch, Run, Silly point, Slumped, Wicket keeper.
Football Dribble, Dr6p kick, Foul, Hattrick, Off-side, Penalty, Throw in, Touch Down.
Golf Bogey, Caddie, Hole, Links, Put, Putling the green, Stymie, Tee.
Hockey Bull, Carry, Centre forward, Carried, Dribble, Goal, Hat trick, Penalty corner, Scoop,
Short corner, Sticks, Striking circle, Under cutting.
Horse Racing Jockey, Place, Protest, Punter, Win.
Lawn Tennis Back-hand-drive, Service, Smash, Volley, Deuce, Game, Set, Love.
Polo Bunder, Chuckker, Mallet.
Rifle Shooting Bull’s eye.
Rugby Drop kick, Screen.
Swimming Stroke.
Volleyball Booster, Deuce, Love, Service, Spikers.
Wrestling Half Nelson, Heave.
MEASUREMENTS OF SPORTS FIELDS

Badminton Court: 13.40 m x 5.18 m, Net: 1.524 m high., Shuttle : 4.73 to .5.50 gms.
Cricket Pitch : 20.12 metres ,Bat: 98.5 cm length and 10.8 cm width, Ball:155.9 to 163 gms
Derby Course Route length : 2400 metres or 1½ miles, Football Field: 100 x 64m to 110 x 75m
Hockey Field:100 x 55 yards to 100 x 60 yards., Ball : 5.50 ounces to 5.75 ounces
Kabaddi Field: 13 x 10 meters
Khokho Field : 34 x 10 m to 34 x 16 metres
Lawn Tennis Court : 23.77 x 8.23 metres
Ball: 56.7 gms to 58.5 gms. (weight); 6.35 cm to 6.67 cms (diameter)
Marathon Race Route Length : 42,195 m—26 miles, 385 yards
Table Tennis Table : 275 cm x 152.5 cm, 76 cm above the ground (floor)
Ball: 37.2 to 38.2 millimeter (diameter); 9.40 to 9.53 gms.
Volleyball Court: 18 m x 9 m, Net : 9.5m x l m x 2.43 m

SPORTS GROUNDS
Games Grounds Games Grounds
Athletics Track Handball Court
Badminton Court Hockey Field
Baseball Diamond Ice Hockey Ring
Boxing Ring Lawn Tennis Court
Cricket Pitch (Field) Skating Ring
Football Field Wrestling Ring, Arena
Golf Course

Miscellaneous Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who is considered as ‘Trimurti’ (Trinity) of 13. Bismillah Khan is associated with
Carnatic Music? (a) Tabla (b) Sarod
(a) Muthuswami Dikshitar (c) Flute (d) Shehnai
(b) Thyagaraja 14. Chandi Prasad Bhatt is a well known:
(c) Swami Thirunal (a) Environmentalist and Social Activist
(d) Purandardsa (b) Economist and Writer
2. Amjad All Khan is associated with which of the (c) Painter
following musical instruments? (d) Classical Hindustani Vocalist
(a) Violin (b) Sitar 15. Jaspal Rana is the name associated with which of
(c) Sarod (d) Veena the following games.
3. Chandigarh was designed by (a) Weight lifting (b) Archery
(a) Le Corbusier (b) Edward Lutyens (c) Boxing (d) Shooting
(c) Christopher Wren (d) Michelongo 16. Hari Prasad Chaurasia is a renowned player of:
4. Jamini Roy is a famous (a) Tabla (b) Sarod
(a) Dancer (b) Magician (c) Flute (d) Shehnai
(c) Cartoonist (d) Painter 17. Zakir Hussain is associated with which of the
5. With which of the following was Satyajit Ray following musical instruments?
associated? (a) Tabla (b) Veena
(a) Commercial art (b) Classical music (c) Sitar (d) Violin
(c) Classical dance (d) Direction of films 18. Who discovered the X-rays?
6. Pablo Picasso, the famous painter was (a) Ross Ronald (b) H. C. Urey
(a) French (b) Italian (c) W. K. Roentgen (d) G. Maroni
(c) Flemish (d) Spanish 19. The first woman Governor of a state in free India
7. Bachendri Pal became famous for her grand was
success in the field of : (a) Mrs. Sarojini Naidu
(a) Athletics skiing (b) Swimming (b) Mrs. Sucheta Kriplani
(c) Mountaineering (d) Journalism (c) Mrs. Indira Gandhi
8. Who is known as the ‘saint of the gutters’? (d) Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
(a) B.R. Ambedkar (b) Mother Teresa 20. The first President of India who make a sortie in
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Baba Amte the Sukhoi fighter aircraft of the Indian Air Force
9. Mallika Sarabhi is associatyed with which of the is?
following fields? (a) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
(a) Social service (b) Classical music (b) Smit. Pratibha Patil
(c) Classical dance (d) Sports (c) K.R. Narayanan
10. Baba Amte is famous as a ………… (d) Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma
(a) Painter (b) Singer 21. Baan Ki-moon, the former UNO Secretary-
(c) Politician (d) Social Worker General belong to
11. Who is known as the ‘Columbus of the Space (a) Saudi Arab (b) Egypt
Age’. (c) South Korea (d) Brazil
(a) Mithali Raj (b) Yuri Gagarin 22. Who among the following was thrice elected
(c) Kalpana Chawla (d) Leela Seth President of the Indian National Congress?
12. The name ‘Indian National Congress’ was given (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
by- (b) Surendranath Banerjee
(a) S. N. Banerjee (b) Feroz Shah Mehta (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) M.G. Ranade (d) Shankaran Nair

23. Who among the following was the first Speaker 33. Expand the term IPCC :
of the Lok Sabha? (a) International Pollution Control Council
(a) M. A. Ayyangar (b) International Panel of Climate Control
(b) G. V. Mavalankar (c) Interim Panel of Climate Change
(c) Sardar Hukam Singh (d) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
34. What does the acronym ISDN stand for?
(d) N. Sanjiva Reddy
(a) Indian Standard Digital Network
24. Who was the first Indian to reach Antarctica?
(b) Integrated Services Digital Network
(a) Rakesh Sharma (b) G.S. Sirohi
(c) Intelligent Services Digital Network
(c) B.K. Dutta (d) K. Karuna Nautial
(d) Integrated Services Data Network
25. The Chief Minister who remained in the office for
35. LAN stands for :
the longest period: (a) Local Area Nodes (b) Large Area Network
(a) Jyoti Basu (b) Lalu Prasad (c) Large Area Nodes (d) Local Area Network
(c) Mayawati (d) M. Karunanidhi 36. GIS stands for :
26. Name of S. Chandrashekhar is associated with (a) Global Institute for Soils
which of the following subjects? (b) Geographical International Studies
(a) Cosmology (b) Chemistry (c) Geographic Information Systems
(c) Fluid Mechanics (d) Astrophysics (d) Global Information Statistics
27. Salim Ali was an eminent 37. ‘EVM’ stands:
(a) Urdu poet (b) Ornithologist (a) Electric Vending Machine
(c) Ghazal singer (d) None of the above (b) Electronic Vending Machine
(c) Electronic Voting Machine
28. The first woman to become a Chief Minister of
(d) None of the above
any State in India was
38. SIDBI Stands for-
(a) Nandini Satpathy (b) Dr. J. Jayalalitha
(a) Small Innovations Development Banker’s
(c) Sucheta Kripalani (d) Mayawati
Institute
29. The first Defence Minister of India was (b) Small Industries Development Banker
(a) K M Cariappa Institute
(b) Gopalaswami Aiyangar (c) Small Industries Development Bank of India
(c) Baldev Singh (d) Small Industrial Designe Bank of India
(d) Sardar Patel 39. In India FERA has been replaced by?
30. The expansion of the term HTML is: (a) FEMA (b) FETA
(a) Higher Text Markup Language (c) FENA (d) FELA
(b) Higher Text Machine Language 40. CTBT stands for
(c) Hyper Text Machine Language (a) Continued Test Ban Treaty
(d) Hyper Text Markup Language (b) Continued Test Based Treatments
(c) Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
31. “LGBT” stands for :
(d) Commercial Test Based Tariff
(a) Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender
41. The first Earth sumit was held at :
(b) Ladies, Girls, Boys and Transgender
(a) Buenos Aires (b) Rio de Janeiro
(c) Lesbian Girls and Baby Toys
(c) Dar-es-Salam (d) None of these
(d) Lesbian Girls, Bisexual and Transgender 42. BRICS leaders signed the agreement to establish a
32. “IDBI” stands for: New Development Bank at the summit held in:
(a) Indian Development Bank of India (a) New, Delhi, India (2012)
(b) Industrial Development Bank of India (b) Durban, South Africa (2013)
(c) Industrial Defence Bank of India (c) Fortaleza, Brazil (2014)
(d) Indian Defence Bank of India (d) Ufa, Russia (2015)

43. The total number of judges of the International 56. Which of the following countries is not a member
Court of Justice (ICI) is: of the UN?
(a) 10 (b) 12 (a) Nepal (b) Iran
(c) 15 (d) 18 (c) Kamphuchea (d) Switzerland
44. The headquarter of the International Court of 57. The International Court of Justice was
Justice is at: established in the year:
(a) Geneva (b) The Hague (a) 1947 (b) 1945
(c) Rome (d) Vienna (c) 1950 (d) 1948
45. In which year ‘Human Rights Resolution’ was 58. The BRICS Bank would have its headquarter in?
adopted by the U.N.? (a) India (b) Russia
(a) 1945 (b) 1946 (c) China (d) South Africa
(c) 1947 (d) 1948 59. Veto power is not possessed by :
46. National Dairy Research Institute is located at : (a) U. K (b) U. S. A
(a) Ludhiana (b) Karnal (c) Russia (d) West Germany
(c) Pantnagar (d) Hyderabad
60. Where is the headquarter of Ammesty
47. The office of the UN General Assembly is in :
International?
(a) Vienna (b) Paris
(a) New York (b) London
(c) New York (d) Zurich
(c) Paris (d) Geneva
48. The International Chriminal Police Organisation
61. Where is the headquarters of African
(INTERPOL) has its headquarters at:
Development Bank:
(a) Lyon (b) Rio de Janeiro
(a) Abidjan (b) Niger
(c) Dar-es-Salam (d) None of these
(c) Namibia (d) Nigeria
49. When is the UN Day celebrated?
62. Where is the headquarters of World Health
(a) October 24 (b) September 24
Organization:
(c) June 26 (d) August 8
(a) Geneva, Switzerland
50. The headquarters of Food and Agriculture
(b) London, UK
Organisation is in:
(a) Paris (b) Rome (c) New Delhi, India
(c) Madrid (d) Washington (d) None of the above
51. The headquarter of International atomic Energy 63. India is not a member of:
Agency is located in: (a) G-20 (b) G-8
(a) Geneva (b) Washington (c) SAARC (d) U.N.
(c) Vienna (d) London 64. How many organs are there in UNO?
52. The headquarters of UNESCO is at : (a) 03 (b) 06
(a) Rome (b) Geneva (c) 05 (d) 04
(c) Paris (d) New York 65. Where is the headquarters of East African
53. SAARC was founded in: Development Bank:
(a) New Delhi (b) Dhaka (a) Uganda (b) South Africa
(c) Geneva (d) Thimpu (c) Zambia (d) Zimbabwe
54. The UNO was founded at: 66. In the group of countries known as BRICS, S
(a) Moscow (b) Paris stands for:
(c) San Francisco (d) London (a) Singapore (b) Spain
55. Which of the following Asian language are UN (c) South Africa (d) South Korea
official language? 67. The SAARC Secretariat is located at
(a) Chinese & Japanese (b) Chinese & Hindi (a) New Delhi (b) Colombo
(c) Japanese & Arabic (d) Chinese & Arabic (c) Kathmandu (d) Karachi

68. The World Trade Organization (W.T.O) came 79. Who of the following wrote “The Story of My
into effect in Experiments with Truth”?
(a) 1990 (b) 1993 (a) Babasahedb B.R. Ambedkar
(c) 1995 (d) 1997 (b) Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore
69. Amnesty International is an organization which (c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(d) Mahatma Gandhi
is associated with
80. The author of the book “Zest for Life” is-
(a) Protection of women’s rights
(a) Mark Twain (b) Emile Zola
(b) Protection of human rights
(c) Virginia Wolf (d) H.G. Walls
(c) Abolition of untouchability
81. Minorities Rights Day is observed in India on-
(d) None of the above
(a) 1st December (b) 18th December
70. How many permanent members are required to (c) 23th December (d) 5rd September
give their affirmative vote on important decisions 82. In which year was the first world environment
taken by the Security Council. day observed?
(a) 4 (b) 5 (a) 1973 (b) 1972
(c) 3 (d) 2 (c) 1980 (d) 1974
71. When was South Sudan admitted to U.N. as the 83. International Yoga Day is observed on-
193rd member country of U.N. ? (a) 21 March (b) 21 May
(a) 2006 (b) 2011 (c) 21 June (d) 25 December
(c) 2000 (d) 2002 84. 25 January is observed as-
72. Which one of the following literary works was (a) World standards day
(b) National voters day
not written by R.K. Narayan?
(c) World Aids day
(a) Malgudi Days
(d) Commonwealth day
(b) Swami and his friends
85. 15th August is the Independence Day of India
(c) Guide
and-
(d) Gardner (a) South Korea (b) Indonesia
73. Karl Marx wrote (c) China (d) Pakistan
(a) Asian Drama (b) Emma 86. When is the ‘World AIDS Day’ observed all over
(c) Das Kapital (d) Good Earth the world?
74. Who among the following has written the famous (a) 1st October (b) 12th December
book ‘Malgudi Days’ ? (c) 1th December (d) 13rd November
(a) V. S. Naipaul (b) Deepak Chopra 87. When is the ‘World Environment Day’
(c) Rabindranath Tagore (d) R.K. Narayan celebrated?
75. Who is the author of the book ‘Wings of Fire’ (a) June 5 (b) April 7
(a) Abul Kalam Azad (b) Abdul Kalam (c) October 24 (d) None of the above
88. When is the ‘National Science Day’ celebrated in
(c) Arundhati Roy (d) Chetan Bhagat
India?
76. Who wrote the book ‘Train to Pakistan’ ?
(a) April 5 (b) September 5
(a) Mulk Raj Anand (b) Shobha Singh
(c) February 28 (d) None of the above
(c) Ruskin Bond (d) Khuswant Singh
89. When is Human Rights Day celebrated?
77. The author of book ‘The Guide’ is (a) 12st Dec. (b) 10th Oct.
(a) R.K. Laxman (b) R.K. Singh (c) 9th Dec. (d) 10rd Dec.
(c) R.K. Narayan (d) Raj Kapoor 90. Which of the following is observed as National
78. What is the name of Kalhana’s book? Sports Day every year?
(a) Arthashastra (b) Indica (a) 22 April (b) 26 April
(c) Purana (d) Rajtarangini (c) 29 August (d) 2 October

91. Grammy Award is given in the field of 97. Kalinga award is instituted by
(a) Acting (b) Music (a) Indian Adult Education Association for
(c) Singing (d) Boxing outstanding contribution of adult literacy in
92. Dronacharya Award is given in India
(a) Literature (b) Peace (b) Jnanpith, a cultural-literary society for
(c) Sports Coaching (d) Bravery encouraging creative writing in various modem
93. Magsaysay Award is given after Ramon Indian languages
Magsaysay. He was President of which nation? (c) UNESCO for exceptional contribution of
(a) Myanmar (b) Malaysia efforts to popularize science.
(c) Philippines (d) Sweden (d) None of above
94. The ‘Arjuna’ and the ‘Dronacharya’ awards are 98. Pulitzer prize is awarded for outstanding work in
associated with the field of the field of
(a) Music and Dance (b) Literature (a) Science and Technology
(c) Sports and Games (d) Art and Culture (b) Literature and Journalism
95. India’s first Noble Prize was given for- (c) International Understanding
(a) Physics (b) Literature (d) Environmental Studies
(c) Medicine (d) Chemistry 99. The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in which city?
96. The award given for outstanding performance in (a) Brussels (b) Geneva
sports is (c) Oslo (d) The Hague
(a) Bharat Ratna (b) Arjuna Award 100. Kisan Diwas (Farmer’s Day) is observed on the:
(c) Dronacharya Award (d) Padma Shri (a) 1st July (b) 4th December
Award (c) 18 December
th (d) 23rd December
1. (a) 18. (c) 35. (d) 52. (c) 69. (b) 86. (c)
2. (c) 19. (a) 36. (c) 53. (b) 70. (b) 87. (a)
3. (a) 20. (a) 37. (c) 54. (c) 71. (b) 88. (c)
4. (d) 21. (c) 38. (c) 55. (d) 72. (d) 89. (d)
5. (d) 22. (a) 39. (a) 56. (c) 73. (c) 90. (c)
6. (d) 23. (b) 40. (c) 57. (b) 74. (d) 91. (b)
7. (c) 24. (b) 41. (b) 58. (c) 75. (a) 92. (c)
8. (b) 25. (a) 42. (c) 59. (d) 76. (d) 93. (c)
9. (c) 26. (d) 43. (c) 60. (b) 77. (c) 94. (c)
10. (d) 27. (b) 44. (b) 61. (a) 78. (d) 95. (b)
11. (b) 28. (c) 45. (d) 62. (a) 79. (d) 96. (b)
12. (c) 29. (c) 46. (b) 63. (b) 80. (b) 97. (c)
13. (d) 30. (d) 47. (c) 64. (b) 81. (b) 98. (b)
14. (a) 31. (a) 48. (a) 65. (a) 82. (a) 99. (c)
15. (d) 32. (b) 49. (a) 66. (c) 83. (c) 100. (d)
16. (c) 33. (d) 50. (b) 67. (c) 84. (c)
17. (a) 34. (b) 51. (c) 68. (c) 85. (a)


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1 Traditional General Knowledge

2001 Year of Woman Empowerment (Govt. of India)

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POPULAR NAMES OF PERSONALITIES

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THE NEWSPAPER WORLD

WORLD’S FAMOUS NEWSPAPER AGENCIES

Newspaper City/Country Newspaper City/Country

WORLD’S FAMOUS NEWS CHANNEL

UNITED NATIONS ORGANISATION

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ORGANS OF THE UNITED NATIONS

There are six principal bodies of the UN:

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

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INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

SECRETARY GENERALS OF THE UNITED NATIONS

SOME IMPORTANT U.N. AGENCIES

Name of Agency Estd. In Headquarters Purpose

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MEMBERS OF UNITED NATIONS ORGANISATION (UNO)

Country Year of admission Country Year of admission

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OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND GROUPS

THE COMMON WEALTH

ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION (APEC)

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)

ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH-EAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN)

COMMON WEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES (CIS)

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INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL POLICE ORGANISATION (INTERPOL)

INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE (IOC)

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDISATION (ISO)

INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT MOVEMENT

NON-ALIGNED MOVEMENT (NAM)

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NORTH ATLANTIC TREATYORGANISATION (NATO)

ORGANISATION OF PETROTEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC)

SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION (SAARC)

WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANISATION (WMO)

AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL (AI)

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WORLDWIDE FUND FOR NATURE (WWF)

SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION (SCO)

SCOUTS AND GUIDES

WORLD WILDLIFE FUND FOR NATURE (WWF)

SPACE PROGRAMME OF INDIA

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PRIME ISRO ESTABLISHMENTS

ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), Bangalore

Space Application Centre (SAC), Ahmedabad

Auxiliary Propulsion System Unit (APSU), Bangalore and Trivandrum

Development and Educational Communication Unit (DECU), Ahmedabad

National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad

Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmedabad

Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS)

Rocket Propellent Plant (RPP), Thumba

Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE), Ahmedabad