DISASTER

MANAGEMENT
By: Maanya .C. Patel
9th Green - 9G19
 INTRODUCTION
A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of
a community or a society involving widespread
human, material, economic or environmental losses
and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected
community or society to cope using its own resources.

Disasters can be caused by naturally occurring events,

such as earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, or
tornadoes, or they can be due to man-made events,
either accidental (such as an accidental toxic spill or
nuclear power plant event), or deliberately caused
(such as various terrorist bombings and poisonings).
 TYPES OF DISASTER

NATURAL DISASTERS MAN-MADE DISASTERS

• Earthquakes • Nuclear and Radiological Disaster
• Floods • Biological Disaster
• Landslides • Chemical Disaster
• Cyclones • Terrorist Attack
• Tsunami • Bomb Blast
 WHICH DISASTER IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR?
40% 5%
FLOODS DROUGHT
Most occurring It causes serious
disaster water shortages

20% 5%
EARTHQUAKES LANDSLIDE
Common in Japan, It causes very much
China & Indonesia destruction

20% 10%
TORNADOS EXTREME HEAT
U.S.A experiences the Affected by Global
most tornadoes in the Warming
world
 DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster management aims to reduce, or
avoid, the potential losses from hazards and
appropriate assistance to victims of
disaster, and achieve rapid and effective
recovery.

• Disaster management is the

responsibility of all spheres of
government.
• Disaster management should use
resources that exist for a day-to-day
purpose.
• Organizations should function as an
extension of their core business.
 STEPS OF EMERGENCY PLANNING
1. Prevention : Actions taken to avoid an incident. Stopping an incident from occurring. Deterrence
operations and surveillance.

2. Mitigation : Refers to measures that prevent an emergency, reduce the chance of an emergency
happening, or reduce the damaging effects of unavoidable emergencies.

3. Preparedness : Activities increase a community's ability to respond when a disaster occurs. Typical
preparedness measures include developing mutual aid agreements and memorandums of
understanding, training for both response personnel and concerned citizens, conducting disaster
exercises to reinforce training and test capabilities, and presenting all-hazards education campaigns.

4. Response : Actions carried out immediately before, during, and immediately after a hazard impact,
which are aimed at saving lives, reducing economic losses, and alleviating suffering.

5. Recovery : Actions taken to return a community to normal or near-normal conditions, including the
restoration of basic services and the repair of physical, social and economic damages.
 IMPLEMENTATION
1. Resource Management : Resources needed for responding to emergencies, continuing business
operations and communicating during and after an incident should be identified and assessed.

2. Emergency Response Plan : Plans to protect people, property and the environment should be
developed. Plans should include evacuation, sheltering in place and lockdown as well as plans for other
types of threats identified during the risk assessment.

3. Crisis Communications Plan : A plan should be established to communicate with employees, customers,
the news media and stakeholders.

4. Information Technology Plan : A plan to recover computer hardware, connectivity and electronic data to
support critical business processes should be developed.

5. Employee Assistance & Support : The business preparedness plan should encourage employees and
their families to develop family preparedness plan. Plans should also be developed to support the needs
of employees following an incident.

6. Incident Management : An incident management system is needed to define responsibilities and

coordinate activities before, during and following an incident.

7. Training : Persons with a defined role in the preparedness program should be trained to do their
assigned tasks. All employees should be trained so they can take appropriate protective actions during
an emergency.
 DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA
• The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed
by the Prime Minister of India, is the apex body for Disaster
Management in India. Setting up of NDMA and the creation of
an enabling environment for institutional mechanisms at the
State and District levels is mandated by the Disaster
Management Act, 2005. NDMA is mandated to lay down the
policies, plans and guidelines for Disaster Management. India
envisions the development of an ethos of Prevention,
Mitigation, Preparedness and Response.

• The Indian government strives to promote a national resolve to

mitigate the damage and destruction caused by natural and man-
made disasters, through sustained and collective efforts of all
Government agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations and
People’s participation. This is planned to be accomplished by
adopting a Technology-Driven, Pro-Active, Multi-Hazard and
Multi-Sectoral strategy for building a Safer, Disaster Resilient and
Dynamic India.
COMMAND AND CONTROL
Ø Command and control or C2 is a "set of organizational and
technical attributes and processes that employs human,
physical, and information resources to solve problems and
accomplish missions" to achieve the goals of an organization
or enterprise.

Ø The following figure on left shows the process of C2.

• Communication system plays the central role in C2 system

for disaster management.

• Since disaster is just like war and much unstructured in scope,

we may adapt the Command and control system for
disaster management which is the main aspect of the first part
of the work.

• When the Incident takes place the C2 system takes the

control over the place.
 RESCUE MISSION
• When a disaster occurs , we need to rescue the people there. For
rescue the rescue team is sent and saves the lives of people.

• Search and Rescue, often known as SAR, is the process of locating of

the disaster victims who may be trapped or isolated and bringing them
to safety and providing them with medical attention.

• In SAR , a group of specially trained personnel is sent to the site of

incident. The team then searches and rescues the injured people.

• In Floods air-lift evacuation is sent to rescue people by helicopter from

the roofs of houses or buildings.

• In India the rescue mission is done by the NDRF team.

 CONCLUSION
• Disaster management is a process of effectively preparing for and
responding to disasters. It involves strategically organizing resources to
lessen the harm that disasters cause. It also involves a systematic
approach to managing the responsibilities of disaster prevention,
preparedness, response, and recovery.

• Natural disasters, however powerful and sudden they may be, are not
incapable of being guarded against.

• Modern Technology can help very much in saving lives in a disaster by

communication.

• Human lives are the most important factor in any disaster

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Help from internet and several websites and
servers website havesome of them are: -
Wikipedia
NDMA.gov.in
Etc