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(Retd, Chief Manager - Andhra Bank)
D.No. 2/8, "Sri Vasista Rama Nilayam", Siva Temple Street,
KUCHIPUDI - 521 136 Krishna Dist. A.P. India
Website : www.yhramakrishna.com
E.mail : yhrkworks@gmail.com
Cell : +91 79956 97330

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Cell : +91 79956 97330 (j˚T˝ÒX¯«s¡|ü⁄ Á|üXÊ+‘Y)
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(4 Volumes - Sri Rama Krishna Math, Domalaguda, Hyderabad - 500027 yê] e<ä› \uÛ´Ñ eTT)

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.*³ 8b¤0 +&,‡ / ¦ C)?&¤ “)*+&c! "›>k 3 ~=Z/t(D (.*w?ˆD) — á)g


C[A: ‰$K&w á3‡ ¨¬o› gh(!”
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CÅ "-A: J€?¤ s=& ‘e C¡‚I “s=&” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

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[ftÉ LÉ [ftÉ @/A)‡ [ftû L$/OD, [=t ~/AOD, [=t (K&€ .c)
Ú¢‰ P=.e Pf.]e Ú/(OD P=x&\ [ç&´&KghD

C8[0& [*8e P[*8e []e .=O .=' [*­&ŒF, P[bG


&ŒF, +çe "lò&ŒD

]k s=‡ "=A>?‡ `7õph"z


rq L‰g s›I, "=A ;M4I, .&\ 7"p
/ "lò)I,
]¤ L$<.‡ f‹ D& ([ç&v( D&Â) J7¹P&\)I,
L$<(I

/-A: J€?¤ s=& ‘e C&o g/ “s=&” C‰ ¬K‚^IŒ3UI

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CÅ "-A: J€?¤ .cPE


Z& ‘e C¡‚I “.cPE
Z&” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

]-A: [t.YiU [ftÉ T<É Ï&og/ C)r, /) .Y. g/ [=t T"(OD, [=t
[ftÉ LÉ [ftÉ @/A)‡ [ftû L$/OD, [=t ~/AOD, [=t (K&€ .c)
Ú¢‰ ?Ue ?K]e Ú/(OD ?m&\ ?m&KghD

áU9 ]H KOOm&'& HO()&o ë&/( "lò)I, DˆtO ¿¯ ¾=


0 /& CD?Kz&
ë&/HO& j/&  0 /“ ([*ÖFT [=t( !"Ž‰®"W (ÂKÂ)
$œ j/
$?eRõz?K?¤ ?K]¤ C%&'“ ?m&\ ?m&KghI

]-A: ) /‡ K¸ C¦? C+z] Ï&og/ C)r, Ï$b"3U ‘/=“)© ¡#F), Ï$›


@PÎM ÿ$3‰ Pët K0 Ke‡ T"(O—U K0ÎQ&\ Pðtž J3U!, K08Ok
K08à [&PŽ)‡ ƒ0‰ 0?ƒª&Ö [ ²I;‰h)U K0 KeÊ, HI 0?e`aOD (Ù=?
€ ¤ ['Ñ& €&70 C5UOD) ?m&\3!, 'M "I ’¡ž J3U!

/-A: J€?¤ .cPE


Z& ‘e C&o g/ C/I .cPE
Z& C‰ ¬K‚^IŒ3UI

2.9 =uT+4+ H.s

CÅ "-A: J€?¤ 8tO&/& ‘e C¡‚I “8tO&/&” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

]-A: [t.YiU [ftÉ T<É /) .Y. g/ [=t T"(OD, [=t L$/OD, [=t
[ftÉ LÉ [ftÉ @/A)‡ [ftû ~/AOD, [=t (K&€ .c) Ú/(OD
Ú¢‰

[t¤8- 8tOe t']e tO?¤ [t„] ¤8`a g/ 8tl&Œ¦, 8tl&Kgh¦,


tO]¤ ¨ gh¦
8tl&K^I¦, 8tl&K^I)î

[P¢ K0[P¢ ߐ
z ßK]É z (Ù=? [t’¡I), K0[Pw
[Pw z (m/*L$¢
ßK?i)‡ [t’¡I), K0<Q&ŒI, K0<Q&KghI,
ÏO¨¡‚I K0<Q&ŒI

8tOÉ 8tl¢ /KÉ P/KÉ [&/KÉ 8tl&ŒI, 8tl&KghI, /m&ŒI,


PJR(r /m&ŒI, K5r /m&ŒI

¸€¦ ¸€i)‡ Ëv)‡ Ëvi)‡ [&kÖ&ŒI, [&kÖ&KghI, ËvDI,


"'?>‡ ËviDI, "I?> [t’¡I

/-A: J€?¤ 8tO&/& ‘e C&o g/ 8tO&/& C‰ ¬K‚^IŒ3UI

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CÅ "-A: J€?¤ [=tk (%& ‘e C¡‚I “[=tk (%&” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

]-A: [t.YiU [ftÉ T<É /) .Y. g/ [=t T"(OD, [=t L$/OD, [=t
[ftÉ LÉ [ftÉ @/A)‡ [ftû ~/AOD, [=t (K&€ .c) Ú/(OD
Ú¢‰

[t]& C‰&©0Ê Cm [=t/‡ KM?e [t](r /); ‘&©0à4 š‰ž3 [=t¢


0
[=t/‡ M*/e [=tk 9€µe 0 PDI, [=t¢
FŒI, [=t¢ 0 9.)(
ghI

[=t/ @7¤z[=t9‡ [=t9/‡ eRSe C‰UW— Çt"b&ŒI, [=t(D è&©h)UI,


[=t9wI ([=t?K;I) C‹J)UI

z: ] ‘7& ^Ú$ ]k
|"‡ ¡=- |" [t’¡I, • [=t()² (&L J)UI,
z
^Ú$ ÿ$)[? 46 ÿ$)(); C&/*¨
)(r ="p
;ž J)UI

]& |e ÿ$)& -&KfB ç4 Ï$b‰ /.


"RF( (C$[=() $\–)¡‚I T"`
)ix /& C,& [=tk(%& ‘e ,*7](T ).[2b&Œo¸ by °D
[=tk(L'D (C‰ K0"W&ŒI)

/-A: J€?¤ [=tk (%& ‘e C&o g/ “[=tk (%&” C‰ ¬K‚^IŒ3UI

2.11 ./0+1+ H.s

CÅ "-A: J€?¤ )*+&,& ‘e C¡‚I “)*+&,&” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

]-A: [˜t& Ú¢3& )* ()=‡) Ï&og/ C‰U Ú/(OT .‰Ö s¸?/z(!, J/z.
s=?/.‡ Jq
RS/.‡ € +&9 Jq
ES! .½h +&,( ²³ s=?/.“)),
s=?/.‡ Jq
RS/.‡ € Jq
RS/.“))

/-A: )*+&, @Ç: K=}Mt¸ Ž‰ (Jq


SeJq
RS/t() g/ )*+&,’¡ž (¬K‚^Â)
J3UI K=}Mt›I

89: Y/&  |/: ’K& ]: z; Y/"=“) @ )*+&, ’K}) C© C"p


89w =(
C"p
=& v$e (3M)( / i›‚ š‰©)

K0/e PE
Z‡ [z$¤ sf?] .*4) ?m&Œ#g/ PE ze&€^II,
Zˆ, s=?() `
u.‡ ;€¸ 9bRS‡ .*9( (+&,() $œ u"=(r €b&Œ 9bE
SI

][? J›E e0E P"q


.ME /) 1"2 PëO/t( g/ HI (67(Og) T"(O
CÃyp
]&e ÿ$3‰ Pët @"q
.>]&o PMt( \)U7‹ˆ#g (C)r,

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PMt?¡
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2.12 v"C+ H.s

CÅ "-A: J€?¤ uR>& ‘e C¡‚I “uR>&” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

]-A: uR>& ][? ’K& 7*


F× Ï&og/ C)r, Ï$‰ 1"2 uR>“) ’K( F\

[˜t T<É [˜t LÉ [ftû [=t T"`4, [=t L$/4, C‰U Ú/(4 v]KÂ
Ú¢‰ u¢? K']&¤ K'])( ¬&oo¸

[t]& ]/‡ ;/‡ € ) :e [t](r Ï$b $O) ²³ v]( ¬&7!

u C-A: /‡ K$¤ u JLe Ï$‰ v]( g/ (1) hˆ sŒŒ3U!, Ï$‰
Ù=?‡ v]( g/ (2) ٛ?I J7‹&ŒŒ3U!

u C-A: CòU‡ ‘&70‡ € .*w?‡ äI .½h


Ï$‰ v]( g/ (3) CòU, (4) ‘&o
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CÅ "-A: J€?¤ v70& ‘e C¡‚I “v70&” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

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Ï&og/ C)r, [t](r vo
v70& 7Že ‘Œ–I

¸€¦ ¸€i)‡ Ëv)‡ Ëvi)‡ K0<ðž, K0<MiDž, ËvDž, ËviDž, "I?>


"'?>‡ [t’¡I C‹J3UI

v70& "˜Z´‡ M*Üà. L‡ L$/'f! v70“) PR](š }( ¬ˆOk P¯7(


r"!

v70& KJ?. C"p 0 ‡


´‡ ]8¢ ]8ÌÑ4=“ v70“) PR](š "DUOk F¬7(
r"!

+çЇ C&N‡ wE
Fª& [‡ /¿´‡ +ç=“) C&9(Ok ²Â) M=*(Ok T"]8Ì
ze&\ x(AOD (L$/OD) [&/*mz
<=?(O Žtf `
K=¬7( r"!

$?J. L$Y/& ]: @h‡ å$Y/( ®O; i/0} i @hˆD 9Âï7( r"!

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/-A: J€?¤ v70& ‘e C&og/° v70& C‰ ¬K‚^ID

NOTE -
]8Ì( C)r, PMt( (the Entire System). • ]8Ì<=?"q
.(OT .D9'; C$[=.B?
£=A(OD (Universal Properties and Functions) L$/4 C‰ ¬K‚^”D. JŽ- CòU, hˆ,
Úx V7O5›.

[ v9$ßÒ/ (3–11) ] K=[‚= [,<bÜù L$/4 ~ˆO ®O; K‰gP7›, ~ˆ4 / .DE?4
L$/O Y/() "=AOD g]$œD. ‘L ]8̉].(!

K0"*e ¼0=>g ~ˆO—U /. ~P/ <O( 9I¡D. WT C©™K0¤?"/ "lò) .DE?4 Ì)
+©™O"pã(r ]8̺$(k ~P/(4 9IK#B Î7 ë[ó(4 Ù\&ŒD.

2.14 3/xD3/xD+ H.s

CÅ "-A: J€?¤ .*w?.*w?& C¡‚I “.*w?.*w?&” C‰ L‰ g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?


‘e

z3&
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[AÞ/ |$ .*w?& CK.*/?& € [Ab&\)&/i/0(° by .*w?ˆD,
i=]e CK.*w?ˆD ²³ AOò&ŒI

] @/AŽ ^OŽ ][? PMt Ï$I /) @/AD ‘Œ–I, ^O(D ‘Œ–I,


J6[¤ K0QR& ][? L‡ Ï$I PëtwA!, PMt(T‰ bg J6+&€^I¦,
L$/4 (Universal Properties and Functions) Ï$‰
1"2 [&/k

][? Qà C.*/& Ï$‰ 1"2 Q] C.*/Í

Ê .*w?.*w?‡ "# L] Ï$I .*w?ˆÝ .*w?æ (.*w?ˆ; Cƒw!,


,P P%. -yp
Ê) @ Lˆ‰ ®O; <" .X$by ]8Ì,P`a4
[.b‚&¬7(?

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2.15 .jy H.s

CÅ "-A: J€?¤ )ix ‘e C¡‚I “)ix” C‰ L‰g/ ¬K‚^IŒ)U©?

]-A: @7?& [˜t L3& C&e Ï&og/ C)r, [›tO; (&L J)U @o?Âr Ï$‰‰
(("p
æ ^0,A©)‡ € pˆ4 .½h ^0,Ao4
[=t L$/4, ((;
/OŒo¸

K0Ù)& ^0,A>[‚e‡ .&/0& $7e Ï$‰‰ K0 Key KeŸ J/‚ez-


ç)(r, .&/0 L$/r
J"ç
ã& ¬¡‚o¸

]+AÉ ‘&)0 $›/ xk0 C=?i äI, $›ÜI, xw


Ï$‰ ]&o ‘&o äI (ٛ?I),
L j<&+ €yq
˜ C=?(I (@©w?OT !"I), L$/4 ‰[( J&Â
="p
> è&oŒ3U¸

/-A: J€?¤ )ix ‘e Ž‰g/ “)ix” C‰ ¬K‚^IŒ3UI

2.16 H1+ H.s

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C,& C+A K0Å. À/[? À/(); (CDv$(T [&7=¹ [/?(r


kŒŒ)UŽ‰y) (&L C,& (°D) 8‰A&\ J3UD

7=t& LÎR? C.*/[? 3´‡ L$/O; ²³ 7=t“), C.*/(); 3´


(HO() C‹ J)U

Ê i 7Že [ ‘ L$& @,‡ Cî$&W Lˆ‰ @ct‰&\ Ï$Ф C,& C° C)U(D


C,& C)U.)U.7&/.©A (C)U& C)U(r C&/=&9()&L [.b‚&Œ¦
C)U& C7&/& C©A)

C,& PMt& ÿ$).v?v& (@ LˆÛ °D C‹) °° PMt(D, ÿ$)(); +çe


(ÿ$)& C´ Cv&) `$=Z0?ƒ‡ O](4 gh `$=Z0?e (ð7™\:) [t’¡'D C‰
] |$& Î7 • P£(r Õ4`;)UI C5D

‘e .9K‰R: ‘© • .9K‰R:

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M,) *+,- -
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3.1 8B0+1 3+45-.@ Rz{|=-9 }!?

L , Ø K0 ä$É -
Ke& CC L$/4 K0 Ke‰ CÂòb -

Fv[? .&/0f8[?
CDE Fv .&/0f8( 1"2 Myz
v9É! 3=+&&‰ CDE ,
3=+&,[? Myz äY
& {8& ¦ S {8( 5b&\ i; P$b&Œ(
v9$É ‘e

3.2 8B0+1 3+45-.@ j#G Rz{

[ , J€ K0 Ke‡ - C¡‚I @ K0 Ke ¬ï‚D -

ià  | 3=+&ö [=t& 3=+&&‰ i] g/° • [=tH [*­&K^Â)©


‘7& [*8e

[=t& ‘7& ="p


e [=t& ‘7& i] g/° • [=t( =yp
&K^IŒ)U© .½h •
[&,=e [=t( [&,b&K^IŒ)U©

/-A: ià& |¢& Myz


& P7? C&og/ @ i]° MyzC‰ ‘K‚I Õ4`®)$œD
C7?

|¢& ià& Myz


& Î7 Ï$› i]D Myz
r Õ4`®¯7¸

[ 66A)& /=e, [ .*w?& /=e, › 6K(D& /b&Œo›, › .*w?ˆD


[ [&-=& /=e Žîo›, › [&-=(D 8‹&Œo›

Ä C.*//t& € 9€µe, .,ƒ& › C.*//t& è&é7›, .,/z=“) Qq


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[ti, ß=U
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[,ü
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7,e, C.*//z×& € 9€µe 6K(4 7Y&ŒD, C.*//t& è&oo›

Uv$e .,ƒ& Qq
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( C‹)ø .,/z=“) [&K7 è&é7›,
CUe C.*//t& € 9€µe C.*//t& è&é7›

¨¢ v$e Ì)É v$e


]© ¡ ¨/“)ø Ì)$&w4 C5o›, C.*//t&
C© ¡
C.*//t& € 9€µe è&é7›

/: |/: ÀÖ· J"z


& ‰7=Š)& • P£(r ÀEOg ‰7=Š)( ¬K‚^Â)©

[ •& 6Y ] À~Ö/ ›70‡ äI .(A =yp


@ {8 Ä.=[ [t’K ›o &Œ r"!

Qq
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RWS& € à& ‘&70á) ‘e CŽ&‡ ‘&70á) C‰ ¬K‚^I @ å$( RÖF‰ ([&¢)(D)


=yp
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[Note: <D¡ /›/ /l¨:'X4 @› ¸†4


`‰U/(r J&ID, @ @› ¸†4 Kb=yp
&ŒD r"!]

¢& PŽ?& ^0,Aʉ& [’6& ^0,AP7? Žtf ^0,A(k -’K?( è&o#;


‘, @hñ M=>& C,& K0KL? (C£?]) Cº?[(O;) <$O+) @hE
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M=·9e ÎI®DŒ3UD!

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Kf]>& //z×()

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L , Ø K0 ä$:
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Ê —¤ Ä C.*//t& € 9€µe Ï$› Õ4`®¯7¸ › C.*//t& è&é7›

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Ä C]& @¢A €w‚: 9b/ 345 ( 9q:-[tKU-`Emz-w*]) 67(4 "lò) @


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[KzC&9 |õ)P&Me (%‡ Ù


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C/I CòU‰, hˆD, @©w?‰, €&o ä‰, —W‰, [=t L$/OD, [=t 9q,(OD
[z&´&KghD. C/I PR(D [z&´&KghD. C/I L$/OD, ]; pOD, 35OD,
9qcOD, .DE?OD, [=t(D @"b1&ŒD.
C/I ]8̏ F. à9(, J"çà9(, 'Q à9(, 8¼] à9(, Cef/0 (fe0
C&¢) à9(, @ zf?. à9(, CMt}£ à9(, C‰U "q wˆ4 g+)'5D.
C/I À;2D, ]†`aD, -.(D, CÅ=t>(D, @&e=[(D, C£?])(
g+)'5D. W ë%4 €©P)'5D.
C/I K0>$( C£?])( g+)'5D, Ï$I K0>$(D C£?])( gh¦
C/I [=t( C£?])( g+)I! Ï"2'; gb)ø Êòy ¡)f$*ezJ&') @
PE Zˆ K=. K7(D è&oD. C© Ý$O( ‰2(Û è&oD.

./0+1 “Bu ”n• OPŠ"? ^jP{-

612
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 1/50

!"# $%& :

!"#$% "&'( )*+,


-+./ 012, - '3456 789:, ;+< =>? @6,>
1.1 AB: = C1 = 789:,
1.2 '3456 789:, ;+< D6E FG @6,>
1.3 '3456 789:, ;+< =>H/ @6,
1.4 I#JK'L( AB:M NO APQ,
R12/ 012, - C1SJ !@TU VKW AB:X IYT1ZU,
2.1 I[U\ AB: ;+< ]H^
%, TK"\, _`"a, 3b( '3W/Tcd [U\BK,
2.2 AB: e/d fgh
BK,
2.3 C1SJ,i ISJ jB8X kl+mB,
2.4 C1SJ,i !SJ jB8X kl+mB,
2.5 C1SJ,i nSJ jB8X kl+mB,
2.6 C1SJ,i IjB8X 3b( kl+mB,
2.7 3b( AB:o ]H^
%-TK"\-_`p qB-IYrq-Is+d5,
adM CB-IY]
qB, IYrq, Is+d5 IY C1SJ t",>
2.8 CB, IY]
2.9 3b( C1SJ !@TUu AB: vdQmw
F2/ 012, - C1SJ jB8-IjB8>
3.1 3b( x1BU
3.2 '3WB: "8yn @6, - ISJ,
3.3 '3WB: OKz( @6, - !SJ,
3.4 '3WB: Bmz( @6, - nSJ,
3.5 '3WB: '3Jc@6, - IJ{
jB8
3.6 3b( !@TU
3.7 AB: vdQmw
3.8 AB:M f1H |1H }r
3.9 QbJB8( !"T1~J AB: ZU,

613
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 2/50

=>H/ 012, - =J€19 H,


4.1 AB: "J789: C1SJ,
4.2 =J€19 H f‚U
4.3 Um€1ƒ„ TWK3:G
4.4 =J€19 H At ,UM R1G )*+,>
†6/ 012, - Um€1ƒ„ A"aBjJc
,, ‡"aBn,, !B<ˆ`
‰G, n~sŠw
5.1 Um€1ƒ„ A"aBjJc
,
5.2 Um€1ƒ„ ‡"aBn,
5.3 Um€1ƒ„ !B<ˆ`
‰G
5.4 Um€1ƒ„ n~sŠw
5.5 AB:o "J789:‹U Um€19 PŒG
AJ/ 012, - =J€1ƒ# IY`
‰,u AB:Žw# IK1‘.
6.1 @@_’# Y1“ P/Bd s,ga
6.2 Um€19 ”n, ;+< n•n
6.3 P/B> 3b( AB: Žw# u’.
6.4 AB: vdQmw
k2/ 012, - ISJ, !SJ, nSJ !@TU
7.1 P/Bd "8Q\
7.2 ISJ !@TU
7.3 !SJ !@TU
7.4 nSJ !@TU
8J1[1'/—Y
7.5 ISJ,X AB:Y –B+ @
7.6 !@TMG nS’G I?.
7.7 ISJ-!SJ-nSJ,d uB 789:,Y IK1‘.
‰, d+h
7.8 =J€19 IY` ˜,d /dU 789: TBB™!
7.9 nSJ, uB nšfgh
BK !@TU
‰ Tm‰-€cw-d( SJMG I?Y
7.10 !@TMG TKW›
7.11 !@TMG nSWJc
,Y fœ1‘.
#ž6/ 012, - C1SJ™ T%-x%-I( AŸ:Y/,UM IYrq
8.1 AB: k+,, IOKz(,, CB 8B,, Is+d5,
8.2 ‡M<o C1SJ,, ‡M<o ¡ TJK,
8.3 xU:(™ C1SJ,, xU:(™ ¡ TJK,
8.4 AB:o TJK,UM fKB:Y N‘¢UO
8.5 TJK, x%o, C1SJ™ IYrq
8.6 TJK, T%o, ‡M<o IYrq
8.7 AB:o C1SJ,, C1SJ™ ¡ TJK,
8.8 I(™ 789:,, 789:™ I(,
£ž:6/ 012, - I91 k/ 78~:!
9.1 I¤¥B AB:o €O{1x¦U\O

614
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 3/50

9.2 TK"8SQ §BU AB:M r2¨U rH3


a |1H,
9.3 AB:(1© jª TKt",
9.4 ¡QKJ, •J˜HJ«, ¬/ TKt",>
9.5 AB: TKt",
9.6 kO #B1?
9.7 Id+h
˜ AB: ;+< d+h
˜,>
9.8 AB: sOB-IsOB,dM "J¨UO
9.9 789: = AB: = C1SJ, = TB1
9.10 AB: d+h
˜,>
9.11 I/i+,U AB: 6J­U,

'()"* (+,# -.&/

Um€19 !BaJ Ÿ®=1 3J Um€19 !BaJ Ÿ®L !"#$% (1© n9BaJ¨U
3WB:+1 n9¯ 3b( 3b(¨U AB: (°"57“UO)

±r1 "8B+h
"Jn I¤¥B fj 1 (NO Q^
6{³ "´1xUµ) "Jn I¤¥B fj
±r1
!"d² "8B+h
,³ !"dn?Y

0&12 345/ -
,6789 :;<=/ >&? @AB C9/A

1.1 DE= = F4 = :;<=/

C1 P/ A9 ¶ "8]"w1 I·
¸/% P/B> "8]"w# N›
* I“¹&

IºJ»ª1T1 Nn1 AŸ:U1 I¼Œ+=\ I¼¶U ¡ AB:Y, C1SJ,Y ?&1x


C1SJ1 š ‡'+h
¥ Nw jM ss&1p, I#

B½ Nw I¾*I#, "8]"w N›
* °"5f¿Y -

C1 Nw C1 kB% I+h
J1 N61 TJK1 C1! I#, ¡ C1 I+h
J™ ¡ TJK,

BT !"‡ÀU1 ŠB1 /% V# ;+< !"‡ÀU™ (expressions itself are) ŠB,
s$ % Nw, TJK1 C1SJ k/ /Ja
jU, s$ % Sd,>. TJK, C1SJ™!

(% ' IU% w8Sd IzB1 B% n&¦ w8SÁzB¨ !U\P IO ÃÄ C1SJ™


I® C1SJ k/

615
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 4/50

TJK1 • kB% 78~: ¡ TJK, 789:™

(1 AŸ: 789: B1 kB1 AŸ:U1 k AB:o 789:Å A ¡ AB:Y C1 I# 789:,X


C1 Nw 789:˜ kl+mB †+, u€

789: ' AŸ:U1 C1 Nw kl+mB :;<=/, DE=, F4 - GH) IJ&KE4 L#2MN

(OPQ :;<=/, DE=, F4 0&?R O) OST


4LUV)
F4WS 'CXP YZ[ :;<=/N DE= \(/Q
ON]2/ ^_`VP2MN O) a '()"*
c4d. )
)\bU

B% k+1 IrJ1 InmB1 I(1 IP k+,, IrJ1 (¬JÆ


, S#O), InmB1 (j’5
Ç#O), I(1

C1 Nw IYŠ( B€:È N61 C1 I# IYŠB, u_Ê# V# (1© AÉ®1'7“U


TJK1 w8QbJ1 AÉ" BU:(1 • ¡ w8QbJ TJK, B% n(™

[ w8QbJ, = QbJ B8(, = SJ˜ QbJ,, Ë+hÌ


c d QbJ,
QbJ,, Ë

k+JT 789:,U1© Is6u (By virtue of attribution)


SJ˜ QbJ, (Causal Body), V# Y1“ Ë+hÌ P9,
(Subtle Body or Tendencies / Thought Body), V#
c d P9, (Physical Body) "8+EB¨Us (have
Y1“ Ë
manifested).

}JÆ
789:,U1© e/d, AÉ®1'7“U (merely
attributed) Is6M, QbJB8(,dM #žBa, !@VU
SJ˜,> k+JT I012 789:™! ]

B% k/ Nw T19Í% C1 Nw B1 IOo (C1 = 789:, = AB:) I#, (w8QbJ,Y)


‡ kB1 w8QbJ1 AŸ:U1 !"T19&1x, V## C1 I#, ÇV A w8QbJ,Y AB:
(I# H^
•1x)

w8QbJ1 "J1 789: IYT16Z% w8QbJ,Y (Ë


c d, Ë+hÌ, SJ˜ QbJ,dY) "J789:X
IYT1ZU, u(/—Y

616
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 5/50

1.2 ,6789 :;<=/ >&? e9H fg C9/A

c dŸK% Ë
Ë c d ÎS
a¥% ' c dBK, /dU Ë
(1) Ë c d Î+a c d s$( ÏH,)
¥, (Ë
Ë+h̟K% Ë+hÌ ÎS
a¥% ' †S% /dU, (2) Ë+hÌBK, /dU Ë+hÌ Î+a
¥, /dU, (3)
AU16 ϳ% ' ” I(1 AŸ: c d Ë+hÌ) †+, /dU, (4) AU16 ÏH, /dU - A

'345% ¡ AB: '3456,> +|¹UO

cU¯ Ë
]H&B f c d "8rq̄ T@
a1H cYG, Ë
]H&B f cd @
8ÓqG, kG (7) I1H,>
c dÎÑ
kÐUs1Qw ,0¯ Ë c d s$(
"1£ž:O (19) ,0,> (š’>) +d‡G, Ë
'3WŸ: s)K ¶ÒKUJ¯ "8yn¯ , '3WB: sQKt" “¶ÒKU’G” - hd DE= / F4 /
Ï+a
@6¯ :;<=/ >&? e9H C9/

[T"a(7) I1³¯ = 1) ©i+, - ÔJ_Õ 2) ˒G -


B8,> 3) ‡¦Œ - @
8˜, 4) ASQ, - P9 n‚
ÖH, 5) rd, - FB8f
cU, 6) Šž - @6,>
7) I¹\ - š’]

q1O8(,> 1)
[kÐUs1Qw (19) ,À¯ = †© ]
°Œ> - s#g“ 2) +Y\> - ×p 3) 'J:, - T5J­ 4)
,M< - ‡TU 5) š’ - JT,; †© +Í:1O8(,> 6)
‡M< 7) u3> 8) @6,> 9) @¦Œ - nd sTJØU1
10) !"Tc- FB8sTJØU1; "1' @
8˜,> - 11) @

12) I@U 13) ‡U 14) !VU 15) TjU; I1BJ1H
'3$‰(, 16) nU_Õ 17) ·O{18) xBa, 19)
I91SJ,]

cU¯ Ë+hÌ "8rq̄ T@


TK"\ f a1H cYG, Ë+hÌ @
TK"\ f 8ÓqG, kG (7) I1H,>
kÐUs1Qw ,0¯ Ë+hÌ ÎÑ "1£ž:O (19) ,0,> (š’>) +d‡G, Ë+hÌ
'3WŸ: Ùr” •J˜HÉ« OKz(¯ , '3WB: •J˜HJ« “Ùr_G” - hd DE= /
s$( Ï+a
@6¯ F4 / :;<=/ >&? i452 C9/

(B8_ a U +1'U Sn1 Sn(² +<2 _®ai (#68i) k Ð1°, Sn, ВÊUÛ, k
U +1'U TK"\1 "Qw B% _`"a1 Ê1°, ÃÄ TK"\, ×2Û, A _`"a,U !U\
_`"af
cU klŠB¯ "8]
qUÚU k/ _`"af
cU klŠ3G, A "8]
qUÚY„,
AU16n • AU16 ÎÑ AU16n¦„, AU16 Ï+auX,ÜG, '3WB: @
8rq
8rq¡QKJ¯
uX,0¯ '3WŸ: @ “¡QK’G” - hd DE= / F4 / :;<=/ >&? f52
Bmz( @6¯ C9/

617
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 6/50

k$ TÍKQKJ k$ TJKrqkÝ ¡B„ TÍKQK’G, ¡B„ TJKÓqG, ¡B„ I1BWž,


I1BWž k$ #¯ TJKT ¡B„ TJK,UM #, ŠB,dM "8/, (rU:
"8‡"Þ • ŠŸ=1 B8(1 FdSJ˜,) - €cw - d(,, ("8z ¬Œ#i
I® kB% _`"a1 TK"\1 IY/n?‘U\) ¡ ]H^
% - TK"\ - _`p
a> ¡ AB:
jªjB81 ;+< jªjB8,Ç.

x% k+J” • I(1 AŸ: x% k+J_G ¡ AB:o (The Self is the Enjoyer of His
Oneness).

1.3 ,6789 :;<=/ >&? @Aj2 C9/

Iy 3b(¯ ®n:. =>H/ @6, (°"57G‘U\O)

'3WŸ: 3bª /€BŸK% k+T '3WB: 3bª /€BBK, /dU k+,UM 1) CB 2)


qB8Y]
CŸY] qs+ß௠qB 3) IYrq4) Is+d5, uB
IY]

B8(1 I® IŸ
8 I® _`"a1 TK"\1 FG ÃÄ, IU³ N+<“ ]H^
% T~ _`®aTK"\
jªjB81 IY/,>, e/d, jªjB8™!

x% k+J” • I(1 AŸ: x% k+JT™ ¡ AB:

1.4 O)SZ,k# DE=l hd Dmn/

Iy I(1 AP) Np5G ¡ AB:M NO APQ, -

c d "8rq1 U Ë+hÌ "8rq1 U


UË c d "8rqS©, Ë+hÌ "8rqS©, R1G +|€U "8rq
¡ AB: Ë
!(B¯ "8rq1 U "8rq1 U I"8rq1 U ÃÄ S©. IO "8rqS©, I"8rqS©, "8]
qUÚU,
"8]
qUÚU1 S©.

^91
I6m$‰1 I//~J1 I³ IO I6m$‰, (6m$‰, S#O), I//~J,,
Id+há1 Ix1B1 I//PQ1 ^9,, Id+há,, Ix1B,, I//PQ,

kSB:á1 "8B(fJ1 "8"1' (I012,), kSB:, "8B( fJ, (TB,), "8"1',
!"Qn1 Ò1B1 Ô/1 I¤¥B1 cU,, Ò1B,, Ô/,, I¤¥B, (BUM
!"Qž1‘ f
'3Jc
1 nU1² ⒳ R12/O Ç#O), '3Jc
,³ (]H^
%-TK"\-_`"a
€c3dM AZJ¨U =>H/ €cw³) Bd'6’

T AŸ: T sãq( ¡QKJ ³


^T¯ A AB:o sãq(, (IO -+<¾ ä?³
3b(3b(¯ å>_ÊU/d€UO [ÇV] å|(7GU61Ÿ IP Iæ
^T, (,6ç
!U\O), ¡QKJ ³ ), 3b(3b(,
(3b(,UM ÃÄ I"8™( fgh
)!

618
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 7/50

i452 345/ -
F4WS 'CXP YZ[ DE=o ONX4pP/

2.1 OqPr DE= >&? sjt


*, XZ(r, Uu(c, 6v# ,6[2XTw qPrEZ/

B1 ‡ kB1 AŸ:U1 ]H^


w ITK"\1 A ¡ AB: ]H^
3 ai (è>M/i - "8_
aB IY/,i)
I_`"a1 ITK"\,, I_`"a, (TK"\-_`p
a> Ç#O)

TKé\ I]H^
B1 I_`p
a1 TK"\,i I]H^
B1 I_`"a, (]H^
%-_`"a> Ç#O)

_`éaI]H^
B1 ITK"\1 _`®ai I]H^
B1 ITK"\, (]H^
%-TK"\,> Ç#O)

3bo I]H^
B1 ITK"\1 I_`"a1 3b(,U1© I]H^
B,, ITK"\,, I_`"a,,
I/[ê&˜1 #ŸU161 T% I/[ê&˜, (#(n,dM IzB¨UO),
k+JT1 • k/ #ŸU16,, T% k+JT™ IæUO

2.2 DE= x2w yz{EZ/

hÝ 684
'M ‰ )^B8T 684
‰ ‡µ 684
‰ hŒdM (×pM) 68$‰(ב‡G), )^B8,dM
AB: 'M
nU” 684
‰ ·P{¯ 684
‰@8˜T 684
‰ (s#g“g) 68$‰, nU_ÕM 68$‰, ·O{g 68$‰, @
8˜,UM 68$‰,
Bn” 684
‰ TJKT 684
‰ Bn_ÕM 68$‰, TJK,UM 68$‰

BB¯ TJKf:% Iš sd+h


˜¯ "8ZU,³ AB: TJK,UM IU,³ !1“
sd+h
˜¨UO

h$¯ flh)^B8T flh‡'¯ flh


'M hŒdM (×pM) fgh(the Witness Beyond),
AB: 'M
nUT¯ flh·P{¯ flh@
8˜T flh )^B8,UM (s#g“g) fgh
, ‡'+,UM fgh
, nU_ÕM
BnT¯ flhTJKT flh fgh
, ·O{g fgh
,@8˜,UM fgh
, Bn_ÕM fgh
,
TJK,UM fgh

BX Is+^
 n~§Bš AB: sSJ,> (T5Jc
>, j’5> Ç#) n~§BU,
(ë6{kì+ / å|s)

If:% TJKf:% ®8(Bn AB:o TJK,+=\ ®8(Bn¨UO, IP AU16ÚU,


AU16ÚU1 • k/1

If:% TJKf:% pJB¯ _sÖB1 AB:o I#\E+=\ }JK¨UO, ä?³ (TK)"8SQ¨UO


k+JT1 k/ IrJ1 InmB1 (I#\EL "8SÔ1"u¦UO), IP k+JT,
I(1 789: k/ I® Ir( (IY/,UM AZJ,, n~68$‰), IrJ,,
InmB,, I(,, Iã(,, 789:™ IæU

619
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 8/50

8[¯ C1S͘
kU1 '34561 jŸ ¡ AB: ;+< =>? @6,dY C1SJ jB8dX
' klMW% kl+mB, u(/—Y

2.3 F4WS/| OWS }E;o IJ&KE/

cU¯ '3WŸ: s)K


]H&B f cYG, '3WŸ: sëKG, ¶ÒKU’G,
]H&B f
¶ÒKUJ¯ 'ít ISJ k/ 'ítpG IS’„

'ít cd
• I(1 ISJ¯ Ë *
¡ IS’G (C1SJ,i ISJ,) 'ítpG, ›
Ë+hÌ îr fgh
[¯ ISJ tï¯ Aéa c d-Ë+hÌ-îr-fghIY =>? ISJ tpdX
IU³ Ë
AO nŸK% ‡ +|€ AO‹ !1G. uB, ÇV

c dŸK% Ë+h̟K% îrŸK%


Ë c dBK1 uB, Ë+hÌBK1 uB, îrBK1 uB, fgh
Ë BK1 uB
fgh
ŸK% ' A \w 9 ‡ (TJK,) ð1OU‡G

[IU³, ¡ d+h
˜,d uB ]H^
% I/Tci !U\ IY/
Æ
p’`G !@œg IzB1³ }’ „ Iæ !=\G]

N61 TJK1 AO¯ ' /w ( k/1 I# /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš ¡ TJK,UM
â6 AO‹ !1G‡G I?Y

2.4 F4WS/| 'WS }E;o IJ&KE/

cU¯ '3WŸ: Ùr”


TK"\ f cYG, '3WŸ: Ùr_G, •J˜H’«G,
TK"\ f
•J˜HJ«¯ 'ít" !SJ k/ 'ítpG !S’„

'ít cd
• I(1 !SJ¯ Ë *
¡ !S’G (C1SJ,i !SJ,) 'ítpG, ›
Ë+hÌ îr fgh
[¯ !SJtï¯ c d-Ë+hÌ-îr-fghIY =>? !SJ tpdX
IU³ Ë
ñ
!B<W % !(ŸK% ‡ !B<Jñ
1 (n9BaJ¨ TJK, BUi A+&ñ
1‘.) uB, ÇV

c dŸK% Ë+h̟K% îrŸK%


Ë c dBK1 uB, Ë+hÌBK1 uB, îrBK1 uB, fgh
Ë BK1 uB
fgh
ŸK% ' !B<Jñ
w9¶ !B<Jñ̈ (ò"5¤) !U\‡G

[IU³, ¡ d+h
˜,d uB TK"\ I/Tci !U\ IY/
Æ
p’`G !@œg IzB1³ }’ „ Iæ !=\G]

qU T1Bw1 TjU¯ ' /w (


] qU,UM
I# /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš I012 ]
k/1 â6 TjU¨U‡G I?Y

620
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 9/50

2.5 F4WS/| ~WS }E;o IJ&KE/

_`"af
cU¯ '3WŸ: @
8rq¡QKJ¯ _`"af
cYG, '3WŸ: @
8ÓqG, ¡QK’G,
'ít nSJ k/ 'ítpG nS’„

'ít cd
• I(1 nSJ¯ Ë *
¡ nS’G (C1SJ,i nSJ,) 'ítpG, ›
Ë+hÌ îr fgh
[¯ nSJ tï¯ ž²¯ c d-Ë+hÌ-îr-fghIY nSJ t",du
IU³ Ë
Ió²¯ ‡ Êd/7“ (BUi) "8âÔ1xU‡G I?. uB, ÇV

c dŸK% Ë+h̟K% îrŸK%


Ë c dBK1 uB, Ë+hÌBK1 uB, îrBK1 uB, fgh
Ë BK1 uB
fgh
ŸK% ' žšw (žY²) 9 ‡ Êd/7“U‡G (measured)

[IU³, ¡ d+h
˜,d uB _`"aI/Tci !U\ IY/
Æ
p’`G }’ „ Iæ !=\G]

N61 TJK1 Iów¯ ' /w ( k/1 I# /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš ¡ TJK,
â6 "8âÔ1xU‡G I?Y

2.6 F4WS/| O}E;o 6v# IJ&KE/

8-IjŸ
jŸ 8¯ "8wjŸ
8¯ MW% “jB8(I, !, ô) IjB8(jŸ
8 J•B 3b(,)”di
"8z jB8Y TKJ,UM B¹U›
*³ (â6s•B,³)
a !@€1'/—Y (Ö/Ui AB:X kl+mB,
!'¢&Ë
u(/—Y)

2.7 6v# DE= sjt


*-XZ(r-Uu€ E-ON‚
cwl FE-ONs -O!&w8/

^T¯
Iy 3b( ¡QKJ ³ ^_G (,6ç
Np5G 3b( ¡QKJ ³ ) ?&1x -

T TKWõ TK(1 ¡QKJ¯ TK"8SQ¯ ‰, TK(1 ¡QK’G, TK"8SëG


A 3b(™ TKW›

qB8Y]
'3WB: CŸY] qs+ß௠qB 3) IYrq4)
'3WB: 3b(, 1) CB 2) IY]
Is+d5 'ít"¨ Iæ !U\O

CX • I(1 AŸ: • Iy k/ (1) FE :- 3b( AB:o CB¨ N61Ÿ Iæ !U\O


N6ö1
[Note: '3WB: 3b(,i ]H^
%-TK"\-_`"a€c3>
-+V#X n÷+E CB¨ (/di /— ?'¢7“) !U\s]

TJK1 I1BSÇ SÁ¹\¯ ËÉ Iøùú̄ E :- TJK1 I1BSd,U1© SÁ¹\ ˒#


(2) ONs
qX •
IY] ITù,dX IY]
q3G (Authority) I?UE‰

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I(1 AŸ: • IT TJKT ¡ 3b( AB:o ¡ TJK,UM fKB:Y N‘¢Y, ¡


fKŸ:U1 6Vw N6ö1 TJK1 TJK,Y fKŸ:U™ u¦Y
fKŸ:U1 k/ +Éw
[+<ûü<2 “Y” IY T5ˆ9 /+a
n?‘U\ A 6m‰i
I1Ÿ kSB: 3b( 789:™!]

(½ Bn¯ TsŸ IYrqk+J” • (3) ON‚:- k s‚,³ Bn_ÕY J•B, u€ TsB


I(1 AŸ: x% t" k/ (ËJ S1w) "8rdM é8J˜ I?š, I¾*k+J_G x%
t"™ IæU ¡ 3b( AB:o (]H^
%-TK"\-
adM) IYrqN‘¢‘U\O
_`p

{¥ I¹\¯ Is+i5 •
(½ V91 6³ (4) O!&w8 :- k s‚,³ 6•1"6¹U V## 6•1x
I(1 AŸ: ‡Ñ nš Iý'JŸK% I¹\ Is+d5n?š, I¾*‡M< nU_ÕdM Iý'Jn?.
xþ̧"¯ uB ¡ x% t" IæU 3b( AB:o Is+>5G
I?‘=\G

E, ON‚
2.8 FE, ONs , O!&w8 ON F4WS \(/A

'ít" C1SJ k/ 'ít • C1SJ™ 'ít",, 'ít"™ C1SJ,


I(1 C1SJ

qB8Y]
CŸY] qs+ß௠C1SJtï¯ qB [Authorized]
¡ C1SJ 1) CB [Interwoven] 2) IY]
3) IYrq[Permitted, Allowed] 4) Is+d5 [Absence of
Alternative] IYUs C1SJ t",> (sÿ$˜,>)

[AB:M k d+h
˜,> °"5Ç,. C1SJ, AB:M T1rq.
ISJ-!SJ-nSJ,dY IJc
Ö/,dX C1SJ
hŸ<J,
!ê¢J˜, !@TU VKW AB: fS
fœ1'/‘¢Y I# ,Y:1© sQ!+&1'7GY.]

AB: k/ =nt@B:+1 • N6ö1 (e/d1 A@OB) =nt@B:+™ I? ¡ TJK, AB:o


TJK1

3b(ŸK% xþ̧"ŸK% ' 3b(BK, uB, xþ̧"BK, uB n"¦ CBBK,


qBmŸK% IY]
CBŸK% IY] q% qBmBK, uB, IYrquB, Is+d5 t",
uB, IY]
Is+d5 t"ŸK% ' Is+d5t"1 uB n"¦ Is+d5t"™ ¡ TJK,, I+<2 Ê1°,
• N6ö1 TJK1, U k/ BB8S'U ÃÄ (BBa¥, 6m4
‰á) k #6, Ç©
[V I€a

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2.9 6v# F4WS 'CXPL DE= ƒwnK„

Iy BT I(1 AP) Np5G V# (3b( C1SJ,) ;+< APQ, -

IjB8̄ '3ÉcI//~J¯ "8"1' 8 J•B,, '3Jc


jŸ ,, I//~J,, "8"1'
!"Qn¯ Ô$ I¤¥B C1SJ AB: k/ cU,, Ô/,, I¤¥B,, ¡ C1SJ AB:o!
!"Qn f

T1sQw AB:= AŸ:U1 AB:u AB:Y dæ1‘Y (nU_Õ 3bªB:U1©


dæ1‘Y)

c d ASQ, xŸ
[C1SJ !@TUu Ë aSQ,i,
aSQ, xVSQ,i dæ1‘Y. N/L\ AB:o!]

( k/1 â6, k$ %É =J€1&U ‡ /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš - A %’G =J€19


‰Ö n1B8WãU
IY` ‰ n1B8Wr, uB
ÇV IY`

3b(1 sV% k$ • AŸ:U1 3b(, å>_Ê# A AB:Y "8SÔ1"u_ÊYY


"8SQ(w (fKŸ:YŠw"’G I?Y)

TJK T1~J TnJc̄ "&/ IT9¯ cG, "W/, T•1"#‡G,


TJK T1~J Tn’
"8ί ‡"ā "8Ό, ‡®1xU‡G I?Y

T% !rØ¥i IsV B% SJ'U¯ T% !rØ¥>G, Is6 n"¦ V# SJ, Ç#‡G


I?Y

fKB: 71‚9J¯ fKB: IY/,u 71‚, 9&1"u_MU\‡G


I?Y

TJKV ¤¥BJ•B AU16t"¯ TJKV ¤¥B Ö/ J•B AU16tpG, TWKœ4


(YG
TWKœ4
(U¯ I?Y

T=:X8, #Jf
a IsV BÅ Å) ¸G (e/d T% TKt", IYs1‘‡G),
T=:3
Is6 - Bn_Õ- Å9, ‰MU\‡G I?Y
ò›

I91 k/ Nw Bf:% k/1 kâ IO  I#, SŒU ¡ s‚,³ ¡ '3WB:o =


njŸ:U1 "J1 789: ;+< AB: I# "J789:X IYT1ZU, u_ÊY A
IYT16Z% k$ %É Um€19 k/ %’G Um€1ƒ„!
Nw

623
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f52 345/ -
F4WS }E;-O}E;A

3.1 6v# %4EP

BT 9 ¶ "8˜/T ª }WK jŸ


8 A "8˜/,UM kO D6E jB8 (I) IP V#g
f "8yn¯ @ /w ('3456 AB:M) D6E @6,

OKzª OKz(T Bmzª R12/ jB8(!) R12/ @6,, F2/ jB8(ô)


Bmz(T F2/ @6,

'3&cCŸY]
qB8Y]
qs+d5t@ A "8˜/,UM =>H/O IjŸ
8 (jŸ
8 J•B) 1) CB
Bª 3b(1 '3WŸ:U1 I#K$  qB 3) IYrq4) Is+d5 t"¨U '3WB:
2) IY]
3b(,Y V#X (IjB8X ) IK1x

[jB8= measured; IjB8= unmeasured]

'3Jc
@PU ' Bª 3bo˜ n&¦ =>H/ @6¨U A 3b(, uB ä?³
IYx1B(È H^
*% x1w1x (AB:Y, 789:,Y) H^
•1'/—Y

3.2 ,6[E= (; ~ C9/ - OWS/

BT 9 ‡ kBT "8˜/T ª A ¡ "8˜/,UM kO D6E jB8 IO "m+%


8 "m+s ISJ¯
}WK jŸ “I”SJ,

T ,¹«¯ ,-K 789: /T$ ³(z8 IO ,M<dX ÓU ,-K6,, 789:, /_Œ>,
³J."B¯ f "8yn @ /w ³(z8/16_Õ, ³J."Ÿ¹\ A D6E @6, I?Y

/w ' TÍK` @P` '3WŸ: c d, Ë+hÌ, îr, fghd+h


I#\ @6,d1© Ë ˜,>
c d Ë+hÌ îr fgh
Ë [¯ '3WB:M +dŒ

3.3 ,6[E= dZ†# C9/ - 'WS/

OKzª I1B&+h
1 T !SJ¯ R12/ @6, I1B&+h“!”SJ,

T (Ó&«¯ (ÓÍK s`
Æ 8¯
’V IO (Ó_ÕdX ÓU (ÓÍK6,, s` ¸>, w8`
ƒ© ‰0
w8`
‰0 6gh
1¹\¯ f OKz(¯ @Â /16_Õ, 6gh
1¹\ A R12/ @6, I?Y
/w

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/w ' TÍK` @P` '3WŸ: c d, Ë+hÌ, îr, fghd+h


I#\ @6,d1© Ë ˜,>
c d Ë+hÌ îr fgh
Ë [¯ '3WB:M +dŒ

3.4 ,6[E= EK†# C9/ - ~WS/

Bmzª 2¯ T nSJ¯ F2/ @6, 2i+ “n”SJ,

T fn[¯ f fn⠒68AOB ¸>,


IO fn,dX ÓU fn â6,, kS6Q ’©
rHz A9/L(¯ f Bmz( @ VK6Q AO3>, rHz /16_Õ, A9/Lª¹\ A
/w F2/ @6, I?Y

/w ' TÍK` @P` '3WŸ: c d, Ë+hÌ, îr, fghd+h


I#\ @6,d1© Ë ˜,>
c d Ë+hÌ îr fgh
Ë [¯ '3WB:M +dŒ

3.5 ,6[E= ,6STC9/ - OS‡


}E;

A/f IT '3&cIJ{


jŸ8 x/JU !U\ =>H/ @6,UM IJ{
jB8, IO fni+
(IjB8) f ”ni+ C1SJ¯ C1SJ,

f IyJK3¯ n1Ù8̄ IyJKâ6¯ A @6, IyJK˜ n1B8,dX ÓU IyJK â6,,


T1/Ja
Ð I¹\¯ n’X sWõ T1/Ja
S¹\ ("8dª¹\), n’3
a (‡¦Œ), sW›
‰

k+&ñ̄
ÖTKz T:ˆŸ f '3Jc̄ @ IO k+&ñ
, T:ˆ3du ր1‘UO, IO =>H/ @6,
/w I?Y

/w ' TÍK` @P` '3WŸ: c d, Ë+hÌ, îr, fghd+h


I#\ @6,d1© Ë ˜,>
c d Ë+hÌ îr fgh
Ë [¯ '3WB:M +dŒ

3.6 6v# 'CXP

jB8IjŸ
8¯ "8wjŸ
8¯ +mBK jB8dY ("m+s, I1B&+h
, ©i+, fni+,dY),
IjB8Y (jŸ
8 J•B 3b(,Y !Pç
Ô1x) "8z
jB8Y TKJ,UM B¹U›
*³ (â6s•B,³)
a Ö/Ui AB:X kl+mB,
!@€1'/—Y (!'¢&Ë
u(/—Y)

[“C1” IYUO !J4Ú15 #=6, /— !'¢&1ê|.


C1SJ, !ê¢J˜ }&aS³ A #Q­7ç
,i nU_Õ
3b(,i 6Un?Y!]

625
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qB8Y]
CŸY] qs+d5 t"1 8 / jŸ
(=>H/O, IjŸ 8 J•B t"¨U
x1B(È H^
*% qB 3) IYrq4) Is+d5
3bªB:Y) 1) CB 2) IY]
t",Y ä?³ x1w1x H^
•1'/—Y

["8rqM å|(7GU61Ÿ ISJ-!SJ-nSJ,di


Nž“ !U\6# å>_Ê#, C1SJ !@TUX IjB8
(unmeasured) 3b(,i 6Un? IÖT,
u(/—Y.]

3.7 DE= ƒwnK„

ŽqInmX ƒBT1sB<¯ ë6{¯ q# Inm3G,


IO (3b(,Y 6&­1x) å|_MU\ ]
T1sÝ
‰ #&KÚ\ Nn {G, T1s`
ƒB,Y ð1OU‡G, ë© {G),
‰G (€©
#&K7\G I?U# å>_ÊU/—Y

Nn1 IY#(™ IYŠo 9 ¡ 3b(,Y #(n,³ fKYŠB, u_Ê# ¡


N61 TJK1 6m4
‰¥ TJK,Y ×xU‡G

T "8"1''š Iy T+d¯ fZÉ IBG "8"1''YG, T+>G, fZ’G (IB„


InmBn(¯ '3WŸ: TJK,UM AZ’G, IB#g âÍ AZJ, I/TJ,
Ç#‡G), InmBn¦G, '3WB:

3.8 DE=l y4j ˆ4j ‰‚

Iy n'ó8 T"&‡J1 N+ n'ó9, (IU³ |1H,, IU³ x9\,) (1©


"&‡J T•B,³

B1 kB1 '3¯ T"aAŸ:U1 aB:, '3WB: TKtpG


IB„ ¡ T@

'3¯ AŸ:U1 FÁ³\/¹\t"1 =>? BBa¥,d AB: TKtpG, FÁ¹\ (1© I¹\
"8˜/1 T16Z% t"¨U "8˜/,Y T1ZU, u€U‡G

T"aAŸ:U1 '3WŸ:U1 ISJ1 aB:, '3WB:, ISJ¨U 789:Y =[ (1© (ISJ


T@
78~:˜1 =: t",³)

cE= IU³ kG '+^


[Note :- XC ,dM Iœ4
(U¨U AB:
I# -+ IJc
, °p5©’ - 1) FÁZJ,, 2)
(U,, 3) n;}J+,, 4) I=9B,, 5) sëO{,
fKœ4
q, 7) T9f
6) A] 8J,]

626
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[Note :- ,6[E= IU³ ]H^


%-TK"\-_`"a-
3b(,dM Iœ4
(U¨U AB:]

T"aAŸ:U1 '3WŸ:U1 ISJ1 aB:, '3WB:, ISJ¨U s`


T@ Æ ŒY 9m6(,
s`
Æ1 9m6o (1© (!SJ t",³)

T"aAŸ:U1 '3WŸ:U1 ISJ1 aB:, '3WB:, ISJ¨U ’©


T@ ¸# Š
¸ n‚, (1©
’681 Š
¸ n< (nSJ t",³)

T"aAŸ:U1 '3WŸ:U1 '3¯ T"a aB:, '3WB:, '3¯ / T"aAB:¦ IæU C1SJ¨U
T@
AŸ:U1 C1SJ1 TÍKQKJ1 TÍKQK’# VK6Q I1B,U
VK6Ò1²
[Note :- VK6Ò1B1 IU³ 789: J1‚81, T9f
8J +nd1]

T"aAŸ:U1 '3WŸ:U1 '3¯ T"a aB:, '3WB:, '3¯ / T"aAB:¦ IæU AU16
T@
AŸ:U1 AU16 InmB t"1 InmB tp# Ý2Q I1B,U
Ý2Ò1²

c
Iy AU16 Inm² T kŸ1 '3W ®n:. AU16 InmB,U %& I16&L =>?
T1}r @6,d t",³ ('345VB:³) =>?
!"~J,dX ä?³ }=1'/—Y

3.9 nvSE;# '(X4ŠS DE= p‹P/

B½ 78~:˜1 k/ s`
Æ 1 k/ ’681 IP s‚,³ 789:Y, s`
Æ ¸#, sMadY,
ŒY, ’©
a1>ùÈ k/ IsS
k/ sS a1>ùÈ k/ IsMadY n"¦ |1HtpdY ÃÄ
|1Ht@U k/ '

T1}r !"~?¯ '3JcIy =>? !"~J,dX (SY+dX, */dX) ä?³


|1³È T19mB }=1x, ®n:. |1H,Y (}r Ê@M jB8™
kJ5J‘MU\ x9\,Y) !"T19&1x

²rf QbJ B8(1 T1‡" ²r_Õu (Ö/Ui) QbJB8(,Y (Ë


c d-Ë+hÌ-SJ˜
QbJ,dY) ä?³ ‡®1"u€

B% Iœ4
(U1 AŸ:U1 T1]Kd AB:Y B% (QbJB8(,UM) Iœ4
(U,³ ä?³
rK|1" u€

B% ²r AB: §BU t"1 7d1 A ²Ž AB: §BU t",³ 7d,Y #H^


•1x
I/$‰ ?3¯ †+1 T1@6 ?˜,dX †+, T1@O1x (w8?1zB 6m‰X)

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c d1 n~ËehÌ n~Ë+hÌ1
n~Ë c d P9, n~Ë+hÌ P9,U1©, n~Ë+hÌ
n~Ë
n~SJA ' T19mB P9, n~SJ˜ P9,U1© dæ1" u€

8[¯ CŸY]
jŸ qB8Y]
qs+d5 (I, !, ô) jB8du 1) CB 2) IY]
qB 3) IYrq4)
t"1 x1B(È H^
*% 8 J•B) t",Y ä?³ x1w1x
Is+d5 (jŸ
(3bªB:Y) H^
•1'/—Y

@Aj2 345/ -
@SŒ4< j/

4.1 DE= (S:;<= F4WS/

B1 ‡ kB1 AŸ:U1 "Jn1 789: A ¡ (3b() AB: "J789: C1SJ,!


C1SJ1

3b1SJ IH^sÂB1 IY`


‰Ö 3b1SJ IH^
,³ (3b(,UM ÃÄ ,1P,
UŸK "8f6 IU³ fgh
‹) "8SÔ1‘ ‡## (=J€1ƒ#)
‰,X UnT<&1x, ó8w ð1O
IY`

C1 Nw T19mB I91 Nw “C1” I# !"T19&1x, I91 () I#


IYT16Z% IYT1ZU, u€

B½ kB1 k/ AŸ:U1 "Jn1 789: ¡ AB:o () "J789: C1SJ, (I# €O{
C1SJ1 ð16/—Y)

4.2 @SŒ4< j yŽP

3b( C1SJ IH^sÂB1 kS6Q 3b( C1SJ IH^


,U (3b( 3b(,³) "8SÔ1‘
AŸ:U1 =J€191 UBK C1 Nw kS6Q (“I91”) AB: TKtpBU =J€1ƒ#
T19JÈ IYT16Z% UnT<&1x C1 I# !"T19&1x I9jB:Y C1SJ
=J€1ƒ#X IYT1ZU, u(/—Y

a (1©
[Note: Um€19 }JK Ÿ®# !"#$3
“Um€191 C$˜1 681 … nm3nm31 Ujž
I91” n1B8,i “I91” kS6Q f
cU,³
s/&1'7“UO]

628
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 17/50

B½ kB1 B½ AŸ:U1 "Jn1 A AB:o () "J789: C1SJ, 3b( C1SJ IH^
,U
789: C1SJ1 3b( C1SJ IH^ –|ò1©UO
sÂB1

"8˜âU T1xB IY`


‰Ö UŸK "8˜/,u ä?³ x1w1x IY`
‰ n1B8,X
UnT<&1x

Tx¢VU16 }WB:_ U‡B:+1 Tx¢1VU16 }JÆAB:d (IU1B ÐE ¬Œd) (1©


U‡B:MB (d*p5G Ê^
Ba‡“ /—) "8+EBn?

Tx¢VU16 }JÆAŸ:U1 "J1789: Tx¢VU16 }JÆAB: "J789:³ Ös1x


T1Ö/

I91 Nw AŸ:U1 AV( nUf I91 ( "J789:) I# AB:Y (I1BÍ1O8(,Y)


789:˜ klMW% z_üD*nU_Õi Ö/Uu ("J789:X) k+, u(/—Y
(I91 78~:E€:)

(% IY`
‰ k/ ‡ k$ Unf ‡ kO IY` a V# 6HFJ³
‰Å V#g IYT1ZU, uË
k$ !"/TÈ k$ • !12/—Y

4.3 PKŒ4 X[Z6=g

TJKB8TJKV TWKŸ: Um€19 IG 8 TJKV TWK3:G - ¡ Um€1ƒ„, ¡


TJKŸ
"J™QKÉ IG • "J™QK’„!

TJKB8TWKŸ:È I1B¯ TJK1 Iwa 8 TWKB:dY (TJK ¬ŒdY) TJK,Y


TJKŸ
Um€19 k/ I1BJ,U1P T19&1‘‡G (BUi
dæ1"ã_ÊY‡G) Um€1ƒ„!

k+d k$, 3b( k$ k/, !H^k$ H


¡B„ kMG, ¡B„ 3b¦G, ¡B„ !? G, ¡B„
k/, %J k$ k/ %’G

n~È k$ k/, s`
Ǣ k$ k/, a, ¡B„ s`
¡B„ n93 Æ Œ, ¡B„ rKdYG
rKdÈ k$ k/

TJKX,0 k$ k/, Um€19 k$ ¡B„ TJKX,ÜG, ¡B„ Um€1ƒG, ¡B„


k/, C$˜ k$ k/ C$¼G

68k$ k/, nm3nm3¯ k$ ¸G, ¡B„ nm3nm3G (nm3Œe


¡B„ ©
k/, Ujž k$ k/, I91 k/1 a=\Y I#
nm3Œ), ¡B#e Y UnT<&_

H AtI 789:A ‡ IY`


‰1 H AtJG 789:,Y, ÇV C1SJn?
T16Z% C1SJ Nw IY`
‰,Y, IYT1ZU, u(/—Y

629
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4.4 @SŒ4< j D\‘/Pl i4g -.&/A

B% kK )*L /B¯ V# Ê@M R1G )*+,> +dŒ -

1) T1Ta €191 TK_ŸÈ ?1Jc 1) €19,Y Ta1[1"u€ BU _3ßU ?1Jc


,dY
I1B¯ T1r Qm1M¯ ,$T I1BJ,i ä?³ +|®â€, ,$, ;+< Ê,:dX
9ŸK T19&1x

[‡¦ŒY Ta1[1"u€ xBa, IY €19,Y, BU


_3d /1E ?1Jc
,dY 9m6ª1BJ,i ä?³
+|®â€, H, IY ,$, ;+< Ê,:dX A
s$ªJc
,dY T19&1x, w8?1zBBK 6m‰fœ1x]

/Ò1 _NJ1z1 ITz1 #ó2 _N&1‘ ITw# ó“1x €19,Y /O+&1‘Ê#


T1+há €1&U T k$ %J¯ ä?³ gh
1xU‡G, IB„ %’G

a>³ _N&1‘ MdB /1E xBa/m3


[pUW/m3 adY
‰1H ³ÖT,u ó“1x, xBa, IY
I4
€19,Y /O+&1‘Ê# xBa,Y BU AB:i
dæ1"u_MU\‡G IB„ %’G, IU³ =J€1ƒ„,
I?Y]

2) Qm1H 8ŸÈ @VÈ T5ˆ4


‰¥ 2) Ê,:dX ?x¢, @6,dX T5ˆÔ1x, T19&1x,
9ŸK Ÿ1 IH^
T% TK(1 ±1¹
TK(,³ V## ž

[xBa, IY €19,Y H, I /m$, ;+<


Ê,:dX ?x¢, @6,dX T5ˆÔ1x, T19&1x,
±1¹ IU³ xBa,Y AB:i d(,
TK(,³ V## ž
Ss1x]

UŸK ' 7ƒZ 6m4


‰¥ Um€19¯ UnT<&1x n"¦ I+ s‚,d ×2³ Um€1ƒG
TK(1 !6P: Nw TK(,³ ïg "8SÔ1°Y

630
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 19/50

’92 345/ -
PKŒ4 D(cE}ST
/, “‹(cE~/, 'E?”u
•g,
~Š!–„

5.1 PKŒ4 D(cE}ST


/

Iy k$ ! k/ ISJ A"aBjJc Np5G ¡ !SJ-ISJ™ A"aBjJc


, (ð16/d€U
‡Ei IB1B ò"5 vd,)

AB:# k/ Um€1& Pâ /Ja


B IP (A vd™) AB:(1P /&a
1‘ Um€19 PŒG!

k$ • k/ A"aBn k$ • fghk$ A =J€1ƒ„ A"aB,G, AB„ fgh


, AB„ ¡QK’G
¡QKJ¯

B% TJKHX T • N6ö1 TJK1 k$ AB„ TJKH3G, ¡ TJKF AB„, ¡ TJKF


• ‡"aBn N6ö1 TJK1 ‡®1x¦U\‡G AB„

(% I(1 AŸ: jªjB8 N61Ÿ (rH6ç


ˆQn1Ÿ) AB: ;+< jªjB8,
(jªsÁT,)

5.2 PKŒ4 “‹(cE~/

k$ k/ !H^k$ • ‡"aBn H
¡B„ !? G, AB„ ‡"aB,G (TJK,i
I1BW1BJ,U ‡®1x¦U\‡G)

k$ k/ %J k$ • ‡"aBn¯ ¡B„ %’G, AB„ ‡"aB,G

k$ k/ n~È k$ • ‡"aBn ¡B„ n~È, AB„ ‡"aB,G

Ǣ k$ • ‡"aBn
k$ k/ s` ¡B„ s`
Æ Œ, AB„ ‡"aB,G

k$ k/ rKdU¯ k$ • ‡"aBn ¡B„ rKdYG, AB„ ‡"aB,G

k$ k/ TJKX,0 k$ • ¡B„ TJKX,ÜG, AB„ ‡"aB,G


‡"aBn

k$ k/ Um€19 k$ • ‡"aBn ¡B„ Um€1ƒG, AB„ ‡"aB,G

k$ k/ C$˜ k$ • ‡"aBn ¡B„ C$¼G, AB„ ‡"aB,G

k$ k/ 68k$ • ‡"aBn ¸G, AB„ ‡"aB,G


¡B„ ©

631
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 20/50

k$ k/ nm3nm3¯ k$ • ¡B„ nm3nm3Œ, AB„ ‡"aB,G


‡"aBn

k$ k/ Ujž k$ • ‡"aBn ¡B„ Ujž (= uB UnT<&1'6¹U‡G), AB„


‡"aB,G

k$ k/ I91 k$ • ‡"aBn ¡B„ I91, AB„ ‡"aB,G

AB: k/ Um€1) P$ 789: /w AB:o ¡ Um€19 P/ 789:,!

( k/1 â6 ” ISÅ #4<n /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš IB„ IS,G,


A"aSn AB:SÅ #4<,G, A"aS,G, AB:S,G

81 !Ÿ<Qn1BB8k/
U BT @ 8˜,> !B<Qn˜, (ïg
AB# @ Œ.) r’H+
Tn/6(1² 789: k/ TÈ 78~: (T1fJ / '+^
, Y1“ s“/“) 789:,i ä?³
I® kw 8':TjYG I?Y
6U¨ ABG ä

5.3 PKŒ4 'E?”u


•g

Iy k$ k/ C1SJ !B<ˆ$‰BjJc N+ ¡ C1SJ,UM IB1B !B<ˆ$‰IJc


,, AB:(1P
AB:# k/ Um€1& Pâ 789:; /&a
1‘ =J€19 P/ 789:, ?&1x -
/Ja
²

Bf:% k$ TBTKt U • IU% SŒU ¡BG TBTKtp„ S# IU, S©!


I€a

I"8™(1 I=B: "8SQ1 k$ • ¡ =J€1ƒ„ I"8™¦G, (TKB¯€O{Ç#) I=B:Y


"8SÔ1"u¦‡G

aŒdL\
[!V9J˜: k s‚,³ IU³ 6mQ,i# /_
ŠŸSQ,U1P !#g +|¹ !=\, ASQ, I"8™(¨
*]
!1GU›

TK"8S) IT1ý IU% U %+h


B TK"8SëG, IT1?G, (ŸY P#l ⒠S© +Y+)
8®ā AB: jB81
AŸ:X U IU½ @ IU,³ ×272Ç#‡G, (N"5Ee d¨ !U\) AB:
• kB% !B<ˆ$‰1 ¸„ SŒU IU½ (p5Û -+p5G) ð167„‡G
j3
SG, ¡B„ !B<ˆ`
‰G (the Ultimate)

k$ k/ !H^k$ • !B<ˆ$‰ H
¡B„ !? G, AB„ !B<ˆ`
‰G

k$ k/ %J k$ • !B<ˆ$‰ ¡B„ %’G, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G

k$ k/ n~È k$ • k/ !B<ˆ$‰ ¡B„ n~È, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G

632
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 21/50

k$ k/ s`
Ǣ k$ • k/ !B<ˆ$‰ ¡B„ s`
Æ Œ, AB„ !B<ˆ`
‰G

k$ k/ rKdU¯ k$ k/ • !B<ˆ$‰ ¡B„ rKdYG, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G

k$ k/ TJKX,0 k$ • k/ ¡B„ TJKX,ÜG, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G
!B<ˆ$‰

k$ k/ Um€19 k$ • k/ !B<ˆ$‰ ¡B„ Um€1ƒG, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G

k$ k/ C$˜ k$ • k/ !B<ˆ$‰ ¡B„ C$¼G, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G

k$ k/ 68k$ • k/ !B<ˆ$‰ ¸G, AB„ !B<ˆ`


¡B„ © ‰G

k$ • k/ nm3nm3¯ k$ • ¡B„ nm3nm3Œ, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G
k/ !B<ˆ$‰

k$ k/ Ujž k$ • k/ !B<ˆ$‰ ¡B„ Ujž (= uB UnT<&1'6¹U‡G), AB„


!B<ˆ`
‰G

k$ k/ I91 k$ • k/ !B<ˆ$‰¯ ¡B„ I91, AB„ !B<ˆ`


‰G

Bf:% AŸ:U1 k/ kU1 ]Lª% SŒU ¡B“# AB:³ (fKB:, TK(1 AB:³)
å>_Ð/—Y

AB: k/ Um€1) P$ 789: /w AB:o Um€19 P/ 789: Iæ !=\G

( k/1 â6 ” ISÅ #4<n /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš IB„ IS,G,


A"aSn AB:SÅ #4<,G, A"aS,G, AB:S,G

81 !Ÿ<Qn1BB8k/
U BT @ 8˜,> !B<Qn˜, (ïg
AB# @ Œ.) r’H+
Tn/6(1² 789: k/ TÈ 78~: (T1fJ / '+^
, Y1“ s“/“) 789:,i ä?³
I® kw 8':TjYG I?Y
6U¨ ABG ä

5.4 PKŒ4 ~Š!–„

Iy k$ k/ nSÉ n~sŠw IJc ®n:. (C1SJ,i) ¡ nSJ™ n~sŠw IJc


,
AB:# k/ Um€1& Pâ 789:; (vd,), AB:(1P /&a
1‘ =J€19 P/ 789:,
/Ja
²

Bf:% I(1 IUi5 I[U\t"¯ SŒU ¡BG IU>5G, I[U\tpG, TK"8SëG


TK"8S)

789: k/ A"aBn !B<ˆ$‰Bn =J€19 789:™ A"aB,G (ð16/d€U


I3Ban¨U‡G), !B<ˆ$‰B,G (!BaÅBa,G)

633
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 22/50

kB% k/ 78~: I€ TJKrq1 ¡B„ 789:,, TJKrq,, n~j(, n~sŠw!


n~j(1 n~sŠw

kB% k/ !H^
1 kBO{(kBR •) ¡B„ !H^
1 NP n~sŠw
n~sŠw

kB% k/ %J1 kBO{n~sŠw ¡B„ %J1 NP n~sŠw

kB% k/ n9% kBO{n~sŠw ¡B„ n9% NP n~sŠw

ÆkBO{n~sŠw
kB% k/ s` ¡B„ s`
ÆNP n~sŠw

kB% k/ rKd% kBO{n~sŠw ¡B„ rKd% NP n~sŠw

kB% k/ TJKX,01 kBO{ ¡B„ TJKX,01 NP n~sŠw


n~sŠw

kB% k/ Um€191 kBO{ ¡B„ Um€191 NP n~sŠw


n~sŠw

kB% k/ C$˜1 kBO{n~sŠw ¡B„ C$˜1 NP n~sŠw

kB% k/ 681 kBO{n~sŠw ¡B„ 681 NP n~sŠw

kB% k/ nm3nm31 kBO{ ¡B„ nm3nm31 NP n~sŠw


n~sŠw

kB% k/ Ujž kBO{ ¡B„ Ujž (= uB UnT<&1'6¹U‡G) NP


n~sŠw n~sŠw

kB% k/ I91 kBO{n~sŠw ¡B„ I91 NP n~sŠw

5.5 DE= (S:;<=—P PKŒ4< m˜g

Bf:% ISJ-!SWÖ1 Nn1 SŒU ISJ-!SJ,dX ¡ AB:Y, A"aBn,Y,


AŸ:U1 A"aBn1 !B<ˆ$‰Bn1 !B<ˆ$‰Bn,Y

x=:B81 TJK684
‰J1 TJKfgh
˜1 x=:B8Y, TJK684
‰J,Y ("8z 6m‰i !U\ 68$‰Ÿ
^T1 TJKé8jT561
TJK³ IæU n~68$‰Y), TJKfgh ^T,Y,
#, TJK³
TJKé8jT56,Y

Tx¢VU16jB81 k+JT1 pJX ¸GY, k+JT,Y, pWBY2Y


Tx¢VU16j3

If:% TJKf:% _sÖB1 I#K$  V# Y1„ _sÖBn?Y ¡ TJK,Y


A"aBn1 !B<ˆ$‰Bn1 IK1'6¹UO¦Y, A"aBn,Y (ð166¹U‡Ei

634
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 23/50

n~j(1 n~sŠw1 !BaÅBa¨UO), !B<ˆ$‰Bn,Y, n~j(Y,


n~sŠw#

Tx¢VU16jB81 k+JT1 "J1 k/ Tx¢VU16,Y, k+JT,Y, "J789:,Y


789: nS͘ ]Lª% nSJ,uB å>_ÊU/—Y

AB: k/ Um€1) P/¯ "J1 k/ AB:o "J789:‹U Um€19 PŒG!


789: /w

( k/1 â6 ” ISÅ #4<n /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš IB„ IS,G,


A"aSn AB:SÅ #4<,G, A"aS,G, AB:S,G

81 !Ÿ<Qn1BB8k/
U BT @ 8˜,> !B<Qn˜, (ïg
AB# @ Œ.) r’H+
Tn/6(1² 789: k/ TÈ 78~: (T1fJ / '+^
, Y1“ s“/“) 789:,i ä?³
I® kw 8':TjYG I?Y
6U¨ ABG ä

Nw A9 k/ "8]"w¯ !‡' ¡ s‚,³ "8]"w °S5Y

DS2 345/ -
@SŒ4) ONu
•]/L DE=™‹„) OšZ›4_1
6.1 CCUœ) N4 m2Ew !/zc

q31
² P‡ Nn1 AŸ:U1 ] A P/B> ¡ AB:Y å>_ÊY.M N'T +|¹&
N'T1B

^9
ŸÈ A_J¯ @@: "&r³ ‡&# I_’BU @", "&H^
•1°Y

B †+h
1B 91w kU1 A_J1 ‰Ê# '1p©n#
I_’BU A @",Y ‡’ "›
@@:U1 H^
fn Nw ×x&

kB1 k/ C1SJ IH^sÂB1 ‡’ A C1SWH^


,U –>ò1© 3b(3b¦BU
3b(3b(1 AŸ:U1 AB:Y TU®1x (å>_ÊY "8(B\,X)

!H^
1 IYH^
1 %J1 I%J1 n~1B1 !H^
,Y, IYH^ aY,
,Y, %J,Y, I%J,Y, n93
In~1B1 s`
Æ1 Is`
Æ 1 aY, s`
In93 Æ ŒY, Is`
Æ ŒY,

rKd1B1 IrKd1B1 TJKX,01 rKd1B,Y, IrKd1B,Y, TJKX,0,Y,


ITJKX,01 Um€191 ITJKX,0,Y, Um€19,Y, IUm€19,Y
IUm€191

635
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 24/50

C$˜1 IC$˜1 681 I681 C$˜,Y, IC$˜,Y, 68,Y, I68,Y,


nm3nm31 Inm3nm31 nm3nm3ŒY, Inm3nm3ŒY,

Ujž IUjž I91 IU91 Ujž#, IUjž#, I9,Y, IU9,Y

Um€19 IY`
‰ k/ ··œÍ Um€19 IY`
‰, uB å>_Ê#&

6.2 PKŒ4< ž~/ >&? ~Ÿ~

²Ï ~ f/ A_J¯ @@: A P/Bd "8(B\,X ”n,u (InmB,u)


Tx¢VU16 ÚU Žw¯ I/% @@_’G (ÃÄ) Tx¢VU16 ÚU Žw IVY

[Note: ”n, / InmB, IU³ sâ+,X u¦


qU,]
6K16K sêJ˜u ð1© AB: I=B: ]

Bf:% I"+K +4( Nn1 k/ SŒU I"+K +4(¨U ¡ C1SWH^


,U "8SÔ1‘
C1SJ IH^sÂB1 3b(3b(1 3b(3b¦BU

AŸ:U1 Um€19 IY`


‰ k/ AB:Y Um€19 IY`
‰,uB å>_ÊU/—Y
]Lª%

BT A_J¯ @@: Tx¢VU16 ÚU IE‰‡#g @@_’G (ÃÄ) Tx¢VU16 ÚU Žw


Žw¯ /w I?Y

6.3 m2EA 6v# DE= ™‹„) Lœ1

² P‡ Žw¯ !wazJñ
$ OKzª% A P/B> (Tx¢VU16 ÚU) Žw# u’.MW
(1 k/ "Q1B OKz(, (6K16K 6m‰) /dU (, ×xU‡?

Nn1 k/1 C1SJ IH^sÂB1 A ¡ C1SWH^


,U "8SÔ1‘ 3b( AB:Y
3b(1 AŸ:U1

‰Ö I#K$  "8˜âU k/ B€:È


IY` ‰,u IK1x "8˜/, uB V# (Žw)
IY`
I/€cŸ¯ (1© I/€c3ß !1“&

²¯ B% Žw¯ IT TJKT pJB¯ A Žw ‡&+1X, ¡ TJK,UM ,1P pWBU¨UO

_sÖB1 IsÖB1 I¤¥B1 (A Tx¢VU16 Žw) _sÖB,, IsÖB,,


Ix1B1 I|1H1 TJK "8SQ1 I¤¥B,, Ix1B,, I|1H,, TJK "8SQ,,
AU16ÚU1 YU1 I/% AU16ÚU,, YU, IæUO

636
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 25/50

k/1 s% TK"8SQ1 "J1 k/ 789: ¡ s‚,³ å>_MU\‡G TK"8SQ¨U "J789:o


/w qU, +>?Y)
I?Y (TKTKt" s]

² P‡¯ pB8¡$1ª¯ ' sBa A P/B> (f‚Ui €O{+|¹U‡’) T1ŸU,UM


¡$1ª¯ ' i+ ¡$1ª¯ ' T T171œ1xU Sn,d Y1“, sBa,UM T171œ1xU
c(
f‚Ï ŒŸ Sn,d Y1“, i+,UM T171œ1xU (é’
"8ÀB> D6d?) Sn,d Y1“ (xBa,i)
f‚U,dX T~ /O|â€

#WSW #$5&H^
9 IÔÀ #WS’ß (Hm9 /&Ø3ß), (T1fJ, ".*) T1H /&Ø3ß,
I(Žq"%Ÿ Ô0Y /O|, (Žq"%B,Y (+W:Y4
(U,Y) B=1x

{¯ l*
I1Z 7œW ,³ ä FS {ß, é“BU, +|¹U‡&
I1Zd /—, 7œ’d /—, ,?
a N/ "&/Ja
!U:Ÿ j=¯ a> (®x¢‡&) /— w’?©’
/—, FH‡& /—, !U:3

Ò1Ÿ V1Ÿ !"JŸ¯ ww+h


/¯ Ò13ß, V13ß (N1O8(,dY #(ž1xU‡?),
Tj•Ÿ !"J3ß (N1O8( //~J,> !"T19&1xU‡?),
ww+h(C’5) +|¹U‡?, Tj•3ß (Tjœ 6m‰
ð1OU‡?)

AB:JB( AB8Ìl^
Ä AB:ž[= AB:J3ß, AB:l^
Gß, AB:T1H,u
AŸ:U1V¯ AŸ:U1©d?©’

"8˜/1 k/ "J178~:B: "8SQ1 "8˜/, "J78~:B: "8SQ¨U YU,³


YU1 ]U1B¯ (#&K$(,³) å>_MU\‡J?©’

BB8k/ "&Tj@
a¯ I+<“X "&Tj®a# ð1O&

6.4 DE= ƒwnK„

Bf:% P‡=1 /8B1 A'JÈ C1SÍ SŒU P/Bd ;+< /8B, A'&1‘‡G
"J789:; "J/€X â% C1SJt"¨U "J789:,U1P "J/€3G
(//€c3G) I?Y

T AB:# k/ AŸ:U1 "J1789: IBG BU AB: (1P BU AB:Y "J789:³ 6&­1‘Y


"Qw

B% k$ )*+¯ I1©M ¡ (g^


16) )*+, !U\O -

637
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 26/50

Qm1-` IQm1H1 T1r €191 Qm1H,d (1© IQm1H,Y ä?³ +|® €19,Y
Qm1-` ro% Qm1H,d (1© +>"/—Y

[w8?˜,dY ?1zBBK 6m‰i k+1 u€ xBa,Y


AB:i d(, u(/—Y]

Qm1³Ö1 Qm1H1 A7‚ B8 P‡ F’ P/B>


Qm1H,dX Qm1H,Y 71œ1x ,?
!@TB Nw !@€1‘‘=\’

[T1+d5,dY T1+d5,X 71œ1x xBa/mwa#ɂ,


IÖT, u€ ]H^
%-sëKG / IS’G, TK"\-Ùr_G
/ !S’G, _`®a-@
8ÓqG / nS’G IY ,?

P/B> 3b(,Y !@€1‘‘=\’]

I52 345/ -
OWS, 'WS, ~WS 'CXP

7.1 m2Ew (;nr

P‡ 9 ¶ "8]"w1 I·
¸/È P/B> "8]"w# I“¹& -

q"(w
Š( k/ š H‡È s] H‡È! jM N1+Y \œ1‘,, IU³ "8]"w I¾*
Nw B½ Nw I]Y

7.2 OWS 'CXP

IrŸK% InJŸK% IrJŸK% IrBK, (rU: Ç+ /.,) /dU, InJBK, /dU,


InmBŸK% I)+ŸK% IrJBK, (rW / ,T|BU, Ç+ Œ.) /dU,
IÅ9ŸK% IUQ=(ŸK% InmBBK, /dU, I)+BK, /dU, IÅ9BK,
I®@TŸK% I¤¥BŸK% ' /dU, IUQ=(BK, (A+| Ç+ Œ.) /dU,
I®@TBK, (V9, Ç+ Œ.) /dU, I¤¥BBK,
/dU
[AB:M !U\ ¡ “I”SJ d+h a]
˜,dY !@€Ë

IS͘ Nn1 AŸ:U1 I#K$  ISJ, uB ¡ AB:Y IK1x [B’‡B !SJ


!@TU u(/—Y]

638
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 27/50

7.3 'WS 'CXP

!B<ˆ$‰ŸK% !Ÿ56+ŸK% !B<ˆ$‰BK, (ÿ^


$(BK,) /dU, !Ÿ56+BK,
©$5Qâ$‰ŸK% (Bª’u(Hd fnJ{
á,) /dU, ©$5Qâ$‰BK,
("8âÔ1‘.M If‚,) /dU

c"æBmŸK% !6ç
!Ÿ Q$‰ˆŸK% c"æBmBK, (!6{&1'Hd fnJ{
!Ÿ á,) /dU,
!B<Ja
ˆŸK% !B5y‡J+ŸK% !6ç
Q$‰ˆBK, (!Ban 6m‰fnJ{
á,) /dU,
!B<Ja
ˆBK, (#r,H u(Hd fnJ{
á,) /dU,
!B5y‡J+BK, (OH]’ X8/ Y1“ nJd¢Hd
fnJ{
á,) /dU

FQTŸK% !V«Q1BŸK%
!V FQTBK, (T19&1x wY.) /dU, !V«Q1BBK,
!V
!zaJÆ
s+mBŸK% ' (ïg g^ H
16M ¹’U w8p5.) /dU, !zaJÆ
s+mBBK,
(j’5M A/d !1G.) /dU

[AB:M !U\ ¡ “!”SJ d+h a]


˜,dY !@€Ë

!S͘ Nn1 AŸ:U1 "Jn1 789: !SJ, uB ¡ Um€19 "J789: AB:Y IK1x
Um€191 I#K$ 

IS͘ Nn1 AŸ:U1 !SJ1 ISJ, uB ¡ AB:Y !SJ }WKJ{


,Y (,1©U\
}WKJ{
1 A+m$  €1'+mB TH,Y) A+&ñ
1x €1'+mB, u€ (€19,³ u€)
!BaWÍ{
U B1 €191 A+m$  !BaWJ{
,X A €19,Y A+&ñ
1x (B’‡B nSJ
!@TU u(/—Y)

7.4 ~WS 'CXP

a¥È n9f
n9Ÿ a¥È jUŸKÈ n9BK, (glory) /dU, n9Ta¥, (mightiness) /dU,
,+a
ŸKÈ n~P/ŸKÈ jUBK, (measurement) /dU, ,+a
BK, (freedom)
/dU, n~P/BK, (supremacy) /dU

n&QKJŸKÈ n~UŸKÈ n&QKJKBK, (ominiscience and omnipotence) /dU,


a¥È n~U16ŸKÈ
n~xŸ n~UBK, (greatness) /dU, n~xBa¥,
n~"8ΟK% ' (intelligence) /dU, n~U16BK, (blissfulness) /dU,
n~"8ÎBK, (controllability) /dU

[AB:M !U\ ¡ “n”SJ d+h a]


˜,dY !@€Ë

639
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 28/50

nSJ IÍc
U IU AB:# kl MW% nSJ IJc
, uB ?˜J•B AB:X kl+mB,
u(/—Y (€19,Y gh
1'/—Y)

[NOTE - ISJ-!SJ-nSJ !@T= +^ c d-


n,Y Ë
Ë+hÌ-SJ˜ QbJB8(,Y AB:X kl+mB, u¦
s‚,, n"¦ ]H^
%-TK"\-_`"a-3b(
'3W/TcdY AB:X kl+mB, u¦ s‚, I#
IUK(, °"5/‘¢Y.]

7.5 OWS/o DE=N ;S4q4,2MN


E& C

IQbÉ #&1O8 I@
8º IBj¯ AB: IQb’G, #&1O8¦G, I@
8¼G, IBn_ÕG,
Tx¢VU16 jB8̄ ¸G
Tx¢VU16 j3

T TKWõ /w ( k/1 â6 * å>_ÊYš


IB„ (AB:o) TKWõ, I# /G N›

+Ta¥1 (+¯ BK1?) Nw I91 Nw 9 “LŒ /’?” IU³ “Y (AB:)” IY× ¡ s‚,³
!‡' k/1 k â61 TJK1 TJK,Y å>_ÊYY

Bf:% I91 Nw TJK I[V qU,) TJK, N‘¢Y


SŒU “Y” (AB: ]

IU1BT AO¯ I(1 ISJ¯ T k/ IU1B,UM AO ¡ ISJ™, IBG (ISJ,Y


/w AB:³ å>_MU\‡G) ISJ™ I?Y

TJK1 • I(1 AŸ: I(1 • TJK, ¡ AB:o! IP TJK,UM I1BJ,!


TWK1BÉ

U • N61 TJK1 I91 Nw 9 ¡ TJK, Y (AB:) S© I# °®5Uµ ¡ TJK,


!‡' k/ #WB:+1 AB: k/ N61 #WB:+ AB:o I?Y
TJK1
{1B,X
[NOTE - “w” IU³ “U Nw” IY €V
sê&1x “NO AB: S©!, NO AB: S©!” I# I=B:Y
â’u¦‘12³ AB: (ë6{Y) IY/,U1© €cw
+|¹¦1G.]

Bf:% TWKB:eU IS͘ TWKB:+1 SŒU TWKB:+¨U ISJ, uB TWKB:+¨U AB:Y


AŸ:U1 I#KuT% –B+/—Y

789: k/ N6ö1 TJK1 Tx¢VU16 ¡ TJK, Tx¢VU16 t"n? 789:™!


t"ö1

7.6 'CXlg ~Wœg OB1


640
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 29/50

7.6 'CXlg ~Wœg OB1

Tx¢VU16 t"1 N61 TJK1 T% a) Tx¢VU16 t",, ¡ TJK,


¡ TJK, (rH3
• N61 TJK1 ao
T3

[T% TKt"¨U AB:i "8+EB¨U rH% ÃÄ T3


ao
a AB:o]
I?Y, IU³ rH3

TBÕOw x% • N61 TJK1 SQ² ’T%’i T% IæU ¡ TJK, x% (ë6{ì+, å|s) uB


"8SQ² ' Nw –|ò1O "8SÔ1‘‘U\O

[AB: T%-x%! I1©i "8+EB¨ "8SÔ1'7G rH%


a-x3
ÃÄ T3 a, IU³ AB: +1X ⒳ rH3
aM !#g,
"8SQ, Ç©]

g1 T% Nw? N61 N61 U Nw kO TB1? I# - NO, NO S© I#, IYŠw


IYŠw¯ Nw + k$ kw +|¹1‘UO IO kO? I# –3Mí

[å|(7GU61Ÿ "8rq, A "8rqY –>¹1‘UO kÂ


!U\O I# V## "8rqu ?&a
1x]

(1 N61 U Nw I/' U k/ *2+ “S©” I#


/G NO S© I# j5
IY/% !‡' IY/,i °p5š

k/1 k/ xVU1V/ I® I/' U *2+ xVU16,U


NP I#, S© I# ÃÄ j5
k/ IY/% !‡' °p5š

TJK1 IU% Nw T "JjU16T TJK,UM IU¨UO IæU A "JjU16 789:,UM


789:º =n 789: Nw 789: I# é’!

BT I1B I(1 nSJ¯ V#g I1B, ¡ nSJ,

T k/ /w IBG IP (nS’„) I?Y

[IU³ kS1B,³ I1BJ1H,i sâ+,X T%-IT%


sêJ˜ u¦‡G ŸY nSJt"n? 789:, I#
IY/}JK+,³ å>_ÊY× nS’„ I?Y]

641
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 30/50

7.7 OWS-'WS-~WS/w LE :;<=/N OšZ›4_1

Bf:% nS͘ "Jn1 78~: SŒU nSJ, uB "J789:,Y IK1'/—Y, NO


I#KuT% g1 N61 k/1 Nw k s‚,³? IU³

ISJ Nw k/ A~ sxgBÕU ISJ™ I# IU³, T1Qæ1‘‘12³ (^Y! I#)

IS͘ Nn1 AŸ:U1 I#K$  ISJ, uB AB:Y IK1x, nSJ, uB


nS͘ 789:˜ IYT16Z% 789:,X IY_1ZU, u€, !SJ, uB
!S͘ IsxgBÕU IT1Q¦G Iæ

IQbÉ I#1O8 @
8ºBů (!@TMG) IQb’G, I#1O8¦G (N168(,>
Tx¢VU16jB8̄ 8ºBa,G (@
VEU‡G), @ 8˜Qga
g FÁZ’G),
¸G I?Y
Tx¢VU16j3

T TKWõ /w ( k/1 â6 ‰ I?Y


/G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš IB„ TKW›

•]/ w&{¡/w 2wP :;<= XEE¢!


7.8 @SŒ4< ONu

789: ‡ N61 TJK1 (nS’BU A !@TM„) 789: ÇV ¡ TJK,

IBaˆŸK% !H^
ŸK% %JŸK% +h
˜ /dU, !H^
BK, /dU, %JBK, /dU, n9BK,
n9ŸK% s`
ƟK% /dU, s`
Æ BK, /dU

rKdŸK% TJKX,0ŸK% rKdBK, /dU, TJKX,0BK, /dU, Um€19BK,


Um€19ŸK% C$˜ŸK% 68ŸK% /dU, C$˜BK, /dU, 68BK, /dU

nm3nm3ŸK% UjžŸK% nm3nm3BK, /dU, UjžBK, /dU,


I91ŸK% Nw TBB1 • I91BK, /dU (789:) TBB™ (#B™)!

7.9 ~WS/ LE ~£yz{EZ 'CXP

kB% 78~: !H^


ŸK% %JŸK% ¡ 789: !H^
BK, /dU, %JBK, /dU, n9BK,
a¥%
n9Ÿ /dU

s`
ƟK% rKdŸK% TJKX s`
Æ BK, /dU, rKdBK, /dU, TJKX,0BK,
,0ŸK% /dU,

Um€19ŸK% C$˜ŸK% 68ŸK% Um€19BK, /dU, C$˜BK, /dU, 68BK, /dU

nm3nm3ŸK% UjžŸK% nm3nm3BK, /dU, UjžBK, /dU,


I91ŸK% Nw I91BK, /dU (TBB™) I# (H^
•1'/—Y)

642
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 31/50

Bf:% IS͘ "Jn1 789: I#K$  SŒU ISJ, uB "J789:,Y IK1x

nS͘ n=O IsŸJ1 n=O nSJ, uB nU_Õ D6d? ‡E# Jgh


1‘‡##,
fgh
˜1 I#KuT% nU_Õ D6d? ‡Eg (nš·6{á91SJxBa,dM)
fgh
# IK1'/—Y

• XK›•-ŒT„-w# WSlg OBN


7.10 'CXlg XZ[¤

T (% kB% TJK1 Ié+h


² ‰ I# H^
IBG (ŸY TKW› •1xU !@TMG) p5B²
¡ TJK,Y Iégh
1‘š

B% kB% TJK1 I€:È "8sQw Ip5G ¡ TJK, IB#(1© "8âÔ1‘Y

T (V "8w·‚² B% kB% TJK1 nJd p5G N$‰"Gš Ip5G ¡ TJK, IB#(1©


If:% k/ !wa$(
w ™_<YY

B% kB% TJK1 #t9 "8í9 IBG ¡ TJK,Y `•1x (+|51x), I/ɜ1x,


T1ó2 T1ó“1x

T1]Kd T1+há fKŸ:U1 k/ T1rK|1"ã€, T1gh


1x BU AB: N‘¢Y (IU³
k41 6Vw Nw IB„ #žBaSJ˜,, !@VU SJ˜, I?Y)

Iw !ý^, Iw %É, Iw n~È, Iw H


Iw (utmost) !? G, Iw %’G, Iw n~È, Iw
s`
Ǣ, Iw rKdÈ s`
Æ Œ, Iw rKdYG

Iw TJKX,a, Iw Um€1), Iw Iw TJKX,ÜG, Iw Um€1ƒG, Iw C$¼G, Iw


C$º, Iw Â8 ¸G
©

Iw nm3nm3¯, Iw Ujž, Iw nm3nm3Œ, Iw Ujž, Iw I9, Iæ


Iw I91 ŠŸK

*K n•ž\ TV TjU² BU (1©, BU n•n (1© TV TjU¨ (Ÿ BU


a Iæ) !1GY
+d5= rH3

7.11 'CXlg ~W[ST


/N y¥4_1

Bf:% k/ nSWÍc
U "͘ 789:˜ I1©/d (!@TMG) nSWJc
,u (nSJ !@T=
kl MW% d+há¨U) "J789:,U1© kl+mB, u(/—Y

!S͘ IsxgBÕU IQbÉ !SJ, uB #TÕ1Q¦B IQb’G, #&1O8¦G,


#&1O8 @
8ºBj¯ 8˜B,G (I@
@ 8¼G, @
8˜,UM A/|‡G),

Tx¢VU16jB8̄ T TKWõ /w ¸G I?Y, IB„ TKWõ I?Y -


T%-x%-AU16 j3

643
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 32/50

( k/1 â6 k !@TMG ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš!

B% k$ )*+¯ - I1©M ¡ (g^


16) )*+, +d© -

Qm1H1 Qm1³Jc
1 A+m$  Qm1-˜ Qm1H,Y, Qm1³Jc
,Y A+&ñ
1x IQm1H,U
IU ro% +>"/—Y

[N1O8(,dY, N1O8ªJc
,dY A+&ñ
1x
#&1O8(,i nU_ÕU T1H, u(/—Y]

Qm1H1 kU1 "Í Qm1- B1 IU I® ¡ Qm1H, "J Qm1H,U1©, IQm1H,XY


ro% T1¹1" u(/—Y

8˜,U1©, @
[V## (nU_ÕY) @ 8˜,Y ²r_Õi
Tx¢VU16,U1© T1H, u(/—Y]

¦)§92 345/ -
F4WS¢ X*-%*-O]# D¨=N]2/Pl ON‚

;E/, O!&w8/
8.1 DE= I&/, OdZ†#/, FE©

Iy 3bo˜ CB¯ ' 8B¯ ' • ®n:., 3b(, uB CB 8B¨U (]H^


%-TK"\-_`®a
I(1 AŸ: Um€1) I/TcdX ?'¢7“UO‹U 3b(,UM fgh
‹U) ¡
AB: Um€1ƒ„!

I€:È TJKn(1 TWKŸ: ¡B„ TJKn¦G, TWKŸ:

I(1 • TJK1 U k/ IX I6K ¡B„ TJK,, ¡B#+=\ I6K(, Ç©


•
[Note: R1G I6K(,> !1G. &376ç
, S©!]

I(1 AB: k+ k/ Is+i5 ¡ AB: k+,, Is+d5,

[AB:i I+ 6m`


‰>, Tm`
‰> +|5B¨ d(n?×
!=\, I/L\ AB: +1¾ ⒠S+ ³, ¡ AB:i
sSJ,Ç ÇŒ. There is never any distortion in
Brahman. Apparent distortion is mere verbal
attribution.]

644
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 33/50

a T% I(1 • CB N/
U • /_ aŒ I? ¡ AB: CB, (?'¢7“UO) /— S©,
T% /_
T64š I(1 x64U AU16ÚU k/ IO T64U, - x64U, - AU16ÚU,!

[Unlike distinct ties of multiple threads, Atman is


singleton and continuous like that of water.]

k+J” I//~J¯ eU'U IOKz( AB: k+J_G, I//~’G, P#bUc OKz¦G


CB¯ ' 8B¯ ' k/ SG - CB 8B™! (-e VJ,X I2d
,³ #>Œ³
*MU\ /di VJ, /1EO)
I>

[Atman is the undual, inherent connection for


everything like vertically and horizontally sewn “single”
wire of a fishnet.]

8.2 “l? F4WS/, “l? a XSZ/

C1SJ k/1 U k/1 Nw "m$‰C1 C1SJ, NV, NO SV I# "8Ô\1‘г C1 NP (¡


Nw k/ A9 AB:o) I# °"57ûY!

‡³K C1SÉ ‡ö k/ N61 TJK1 U ‡M<o C1SJ,, ‡M<o ¡ TJK, I# /’


• IQ7ç
1 N/ k9 (¡9) I€a å>_ÊYš IQ7ç
, /— !1G. ВÊUG (Ta·
{B
!12+ C1SJ !ê¢J˜X AB:Y !@€1‘Y!)

8.3 %P=#¢ F4WS/, %P=#¢ a XSZ/

xU: • I(1 C1SJ¯ xU:(1 xU:(™ ¡ C1SJ,, ¡ TJK, xU:(,


N61 TJK1
[Note: = IY/,i ä9,, I1BJ,,
I1BJ, ÃÄ e/d, å|so! A ë6{kì+o
Y!]

Bf:% "J™QKJ k/ k/1 k/ B% SŒU A "J™QK’„ ¡ s‚,³ IO (C1SJ,) Iæ


/w !=\G

645
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 34/50

8.4 DE= XSZ/Pl yZE=N h_`Pd

kB% InmB1 I(1, kB% 78~: N61Ÿ InmB,, I(,! A 789:™ I(,,
I(1 ¶ 789: /w I(™ 789:,!

( k/1 â6 Nw J9T1 /’ ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš, J9T,Y


å>_MU\‡G I?Y

qŸ • I(1 AB: k$ •
IY] qB (Authority) IæU A ¡ AB:o
(C1SJ,X) IY]
IT TJKT fKŸ:U1 IY]=w TJK,UM fKB:Y N‘¢UO I# å>_ÊU/—Y

[+<“++<2 "8+.¨ !U\ Y I T5ˆ9 AB: ;+<


"8+.!]

U • N61 TJK1 TKB AB:s% ¡ TJK, TKB~³ AB:Y "¹UO S©


U • I(1 CX U IY] NO (AB:) CB, (?'¢7“UO) S©, IYrqN‘¢UO

IT1HŸK% IsSJŸK% ITŸK% (1©uB IU³ AB: ;+<) IT1HBK, /dU,


IUT IsSJBK, /dU, IU,UM ITBK, (P#b=
IOKz(,) /dU

qŸ • I(1 C1SJ C1 Nw
IY] (I1©uB AB:M T1rqIæU) ¡ C1SJ™ IY]
qB
• IY]=w [Authority], SŒU “C1” VKW (AB:Y)
å>_ÊU/—Y

8.5 XSZ/ %*, F4WS¢ ON‚

‡³K C1SÉ ‡ö kâ61 TJK1 ‡M<o C1S’G, ‡M<o ¡ TJK, I#


IY]=w å>_ÊU/—Y

xU: • I(1 C1SJ¯, x% • xU:(™ (x%n(™) ¡ C1S’G, ¡ TJK, x%o


N61 TJK1 #WB:+1 n"¦ #WB:+, (IU³ x%M ⒳ n÷+ AB:
+|¹UO S©! T%o x%! x%o T%!)

AB:f% +Éw Bf:% "J™QKJ k/ BUY Ÿ ð1©UO SŒU ¡ TJK, ÃÄ k+™


k+1 k/ B% /w IæU "J™QK’„ I?Y!

kB% InmB1 I(1 NO InmB,, I(,

kB% 789:, I(1 ¶ 789:, NO 789:, I(™ 789:, 789:™ I(, I?UO
I(1 • ¶ 789: /w

646
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 35/50

( k/1 â6 Nw J9T1 IYrq /’ ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš! NO (¡ C1SJ™)


J9T1 å>_ÊY.M IYrq(Permission)

k+J” • I(1 AŸ: "8]


qU ÚU ¡ AB:o k+J_G (IY¶+,, kSY/,), NP
k/ I(1 "8]
qUÚU,

(f:% TJKf:% pJB¯ _sÖX a) +=\ }JK, ä?³ "8SÔ1‘. uB


TJK, (rH3
IB¯ x64U k/ • AB: x64U™!

8.6 XSZ/ X*, “l? ON‚

qB kB% AB:á1
I(1 CX U IY] [d+h qB S©
˜ J•B¨U] ¡ AB: CB, S©, IY]
•

N61 TJK1 T% k/ ¡ TJK, T%o

IYrqk+J” • I(1 C1SJ ["JjB:Y Ëx1‘] ¡ C1SJ™ k+JT,UM (for the


Experience of Oneness) IYrq(Permission)

C1 Nw • k/ IY]=w a ) !## (AB:Y) å>_ÊU/—Y


C1 I#o (!'¢&Ë

‡³K C1SÉ ‡Ñ k/ • IY]=w ‡Ñ C1S’G, ‡M<o IYrq(Permission) N‘¢UO

[“C1” I# ‡Ñ !ê¢J˜ VKW xVB:Y å>_Ê#,


IY/, u_ÊU/—Y]

xU: • I(1 C1SJ¯ x% k/ qB


¡ C1S’G xU:(™, x%o IY]

• IY]

8.7 DE= F4WS/, F4WS¢ a XSZ/

Bf:% "J™QKJ k/ k+1 k/ B% SŒU k+, IæU "J™QK’„ IO (C1SJ,)


/w Nw Iæ!=\G

kB% InmB1 I(1 NO InmB,, I(,

kB% 78~:, I(1 ¶ 78~:, NO 789:,, ¡ 789:, I(,, I(™ ¡


I(1 • ¶ 789: /w 789:, I?Y

( k/1 â6 Nw J9T1 * å>_ÊYš! NO J9T,!


/G N›

Is+i5 • I(1 AŸ: IOKz(BK, /dU ¡ AB: Is+d5,


IOKz(ŸK%

647
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 36/50

Is+i5 • I(1 C1SÉ IOKz(BK, /dU ¡ C1SJ, Is+d5,


IOKz(ŸK% k/
[IU³, AB:o C1SJ,! C1SJ™ AB:]

xU: • I(1 C1SJ¯ xU:(1 ¡ C1SJ, xU:(,, ¡ TJK, xU:(™


N61 TJK1
[IU³ C1SJ™ ¡ TJK,!]

8.8 O]#¢ :;<=/, :;<=¢ O]#/

Bf:% "J™QKJ k/ k+1 k/ B% SŒU k+, IæU "J™QK’„ IO (C1SJ,)


/w Iæ!=\G

Is+i5 I® Is+>5G (IOKz¦G) ÃÄ Iæ !=\G

U IB8S'U [V I€a N+<2 k Ê1°, #6, Ç©

U k/ BB8S'U [V I€a I+<2 ÃÄ k Ê1°, #6, Ç©!

IB8• [V1 N/ nUjU¯ QBZ N+<2 #6, /— !U\6# Ös1xU‡#g /16d


T9T8Z [š\ nmX¯ T nm31 s‚,>³, âd s‚,>³ #6,> nm3ŒU1©
A \w !1GY, (#6 6m‰£dH#‡G) IBG nm3Œ
ð1©Y

B% kB% I6K(1 TK"8SQ1 A ¡ I6K(,, TK"8SQ,, n~U16, AB:o!


n~U161 AB: k/

kB% InmB1 I(1 NO InmB,, I(,

kB% 789: I(1 ¶ 789: NO 789:,, 789:™ I(,, I(™ 789:,!


I(1 • ¶ 789: /w

( k/1 â6 Nw J9T1 /G ¡ s‚,³ å>_ÊYš J9T,Y


(?9Bn,) å>_MU\‡G I?Y.

648
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 37/50

ª§=92 345/ -
O<4 I2 :;Š=!

9.1 O«¬E DE= Œd‡


4%­Prd

P/ A9 ¶ "8]"w1 I·
¸/% P/B> "8]"w# I“¹& -

Nn1 k/ š H/È! C1SJ1 H‡È! jM Np5G ¡ C1SJ AB:Y !"PÔ1‘,


AŸ:U1 !"PQ Nw B½ Nw IU³ "8]"w I¾*I]Y

!"68$‰IYn1B8k$ AŸ: !"68$‰(fgh


), IYn1B8(IYH^
•1‘‡G) IæU ¡
Um€19¯ x% t" k/ AŸ: Um€1ƒG xþ̧p„

IsSÉ • !"d7{¯ TJKT TJKB8 8 !"d·


¡B„ IsS’G, T’KdM TJKŸ {G
(ð167G‡G, H^
•1'7G‡G, Iw6¹FJ‡G)

U • I€a¤¥B €O{¯ AB: k/ €Â{ ¤¥B,UM €O{IYUO Ç©, AB:o €O{1x !U\O
{J˜)
(IU³ AB:M R12/O Ç© IYUP #W

OKz j(ª • IU% N/ j( uB OKz(, I?®1‘Y, AB:M IU, /—


ý'&1‘Y

T ‡ k$ AŸ: "J k$ k/ TJK1 SL, ¡ TJK, ÃÄ ¡ "JjB:o

BV A• "8rqk/ k4 IsV rH% Ip5G (j( /dU) "8rquB (IY/,) ð167G


TJK1 AŸ: ¡ IsV rH% TJK, AB:o!

9.2 XZ(;Wn ®EP‹ DE=l ‚5¯P ‚j6


c ˆ4j/

"JjB: k/ TK"8S) I® "JjB: jB8™ TK"8SëG, n"¦ ABG s$(


qUŸK
Is$(] qU, /— H^
] •1"7G‡G S©

qU1 k/ • IUB8IU1 U
] qU™ IæU‡G, n"¦ ABG n÷+µ.
e/d ]
s]=w IYŠ²¯ n÷+“³ å|(7G‡G S©

[IU³ "8w -+<V#g ¡ AB: IUU,]

jª ' BÅt" IYŠw¯ B% j( n"¦ BÅt" IYŠw I?UO k IO


kB% r21 Å~B:+1 IU1B1 I1Ÿ r21, Å~B:+1, IU1B1

[Note: j( IU1B1!]

649
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 38/50

N61 t"nT IT /1=S ¡ (rH%) t", V#g (AB:M) /1=+, (|1H,u /
x9\,u !U\O³ å>pUO)

[Note: "8rquB A "8rqY –|¹1‘ AB:Y


å>_ÊUÇ,. +Y+ ðHY 7E‰#p5 !U\6#
* r2¨U rH3
å>_MU\› aY 7E‰rH3
aM #žBa
!@VU SJ˜,> TK"8SQ §BU AB: I#, AB:
!#g# å>_M1›=\,.]

#B #/mXaIsFe¯ AB: k/ 68$‰ a>, IsFJ> uB AB:o 68$‰‹ V#


#B #/m3
IT TBa¥1 ITBa¥1 ' 6J­(w a) ;+< TBa¥-ITBa¥,dY
(j(u rH3
6&­1"u¦Y

9.3 DE=#4° }± XZ\(/

€6{BK-I€6{ŸKÖ1 TKB1B8- €6{BK I€6{BK 6K16K,d uB, TKB1B8


ITKB1B8²KU T k4 ITKB1B8BK,d uB A ¡ j(

[Note: j(M TKB¯€6{B Ç©, AB: §BU IÖTuB


€6{BK, ð1OUO; j( TKB1B8¨UO S©, SL
+Ja
ˆBK-Ï+a
ˆBK W•B AB: Tn+h
,i j(
TKB1B8¨UO /— "8/&a
_ aU\O]

/.îr fjU/% I+ /.Qgā fjU¨U /.îr, (n"fs3


a) (1© IU1B
k+ k/ B% (½ /.QgaA îr,X k+™ Iæ !U\›
*

/.îr fjU1 k+1 IS1B TK -+ fjU /.îr, BUM /wÍ+, S# (A n"f


a# /51BÕî]È !Ÿ56
I/w&S a Á1Eâ IæU) I+ T10di îr,dX T~
s3
BB8BB8}JÆ
1 T% w$(
w k/1 k/ /.,dY !Ÿ5O1x I+<2 I+<„ (Aª IS+
Tîr /.,di) T1}JÆ̈ !1GU›
*

a# }W
k4 jª TK I/w&S Æ# ¡ j( BUM /w&+a
, S# }JÆ
,ßU eh
B8,dY
eh
Ÿ8; 6J­æŸK ¬/ ¡Q I/Ö*U qU,, Is6) uB
×®1x ¬/ ¡Q I/ÖT1 (ž½ ]
+Éw (rH% +d5UY) u¦Y

jª ' IsV ' TK(1 k/ a IYŠw)


j( n&¦ Is6du TK(,³ (rH3
/w I?Y

650
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 39/50

8 _6mg 7ƒ I1MW
T k4 xŸ (IsV TKt"¨U) ¡ j( xB8,, _6m ,,
7ƒBK I1MJ, +dO

TK(1 ?˜[U\ I1MÍ` I® (j() TK(,³ ?˜[U\¨UO, I1MJ,(1©


?˜[=\ ÃÄ ?˜[U\¨UO (?˜,duB jB8™ #6,>
"8+EB, u¦‘U\O)

TJKB8789: s`
ÆÔ/ t®» §BU 8 789: s`
¡ j( TJKŸ ÆÔ/ t®; Iæ §BU,u
a
!@ "8SÔ1"7GUO

Bf:% AB:U k/ Ù8s‚1 TJKB8 SŒU (j( / Is6 /dU) AB:(1© Ù8s‚,
#BK1 (w8?1B:+,), TJKŸ
8 #BK, A@O1'7“UO

9.4 anZS, ŸS¡‹jS², ³2 XZ\(/A

I[n1Ÿ ¬$ #(1w ¡QKJ¯ I[jU, +d‡G ¬ŒG, #(1B ¡QK’G

TJK I91 jL •J˜HJ«¯ TJK, Y IY I[jU, +d‡G •J˜H’«G

w8t" ¡QKJ/% /+a§BU¯ TJKý (I •J˜H’«G) w8tpG (w8?1B:tpG), ¡QK’#


• (1P ¡QK’# /— /+a§BU TKtpG, TJKH3G

k$ ¡QKJ¯ g^
ª]q=Ÿ: TJK1 (I •J˜H’«G) TJK g^
ª]q=3:G, TJKn¦G
TJKn(1

c_
TÍK ¬‡¯ TJKnª¯ TWK/f TJK ¬Œ> ÃÄ TJK I/Tcdi TJKn¦>, Iæ=
B½ I® IÁ5¯ qU,uB) I>5>
ÃÄ (I]

T ‡ k$ ŠŸ# N1O8ª; sWr1 IB„ (¡QK’„ •J˜H’«G³) ¡ ŠB,dY,


‰¥ "8sQ
P/Ÿ¯ ÐÒÈ ' Tm4 N1O8(,dY, sW=>
* P/BdY n"¦ ("1')
IFI F N/ //9J=\¯ ² ÐQ,dY Tm‰1x, "8âÔ1x IFJB= BU
j(ª k/ j(uB FJ# /— //9&1‘‘=\G

Bf:% I6K( k/ I(1 AŸ: S7E‰I6K(, IæU ¡ AB: T=:3


¸G, #3G,
T=:X8#B¯ ëÂ{·6{¯ TX ,Ða {G, ·©
ë© {G (e/d ]
qU,), T3G, ,MaG,
#J1rš sί I6K( AU16¯ "J¯ #J1rYG, sÎG, I6K( AU1©G, "J¨U‡G!

651
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 40/50

9.5 DE= XZ\(/

"8BÑ k+JT¯ "8j3¯ kÙ¯ I/HB¯ "8BÑ (6mQs,0, uB, 6mQ IzB, uB)
k+J_G (k+ŸKY/ÓqG), ¡ (â6 âV1B ÒTù)
"8j˜,du I/H3G I?‡G

ajB81 • N61 TJK1 T% k/


TŸ ajB8¨U ¡ TJK, T3
TŸ ao, TJK,UM ,1P
a% €6{1 • 789:
pJf €O{1x (!1“) !U\‡G 789:

U • IB8g1 ' U IYŠ(² N+<2 k! (A 789:) IYs1'G

[IU³ IY/,u 789:, T5ˆÔ1'72©;


IY/,UM I16#‡G 789:]

P O!Y‹ ON]2 DE=) DE=#4° O!Y‹ ON]2/ '45°

[ n& ¡ rH6Y/, /&g?


- j(u "8rqM IY/n?‘U\O.
- "8]
q I[jU, +|¹U‡“# ¬ŒG I1›=\,.
- TB,UM, ¡ ¬ŒG IU7G‡G AB:o! ¬$
78&:w = "J¯!
- AB: A "8rqM fgh
‹ "8rqY "8SÔ1"u_
aU\O.
- !B5wa, €cw, d(,>X ÓU ¡ "8rqn"¦
a> #ŸB:(1© ž½t" jª l^
rH3 Ä "8+.U
jB8™! ]

TK"8Sÿ TJKfgh
; Isg^
o I6Ko TK"8SëGY, TJKfgh
¦Y, Isg^
¦GY (sSJ, /
"Q² 9 I® T=:B81 IT% IU% j’5 Ç#O¦), I6K¦GY, ב‡G, N1S ÃÄ
TB1 • T=:B8,, IT% IU,, TB,

NBc1 pJf
a% I# fKB:Tc1 ¡ I1BEl ,1P !U\‡G, I# (BUM D6>
AU161 x64U1 €6{1 • I€6{1 Ç#‡G), fKB: (1P €cw +d‡G, AU1©GY,
x64YGY, ۩
{G I۩
{GY ÃÄ!

Ǣ ¡Òš 78~: IU% I®


B% s` AB„ s`
Æ Œ, ¡ëG, 789:¦, ž¹|U TJK, ÃÄ!
TJK1

TJKHB1 TJKnB k/ ëÂ{ {G, Iä‚


TJKH3G, TJKnB, ŸWU‡G, ë©
Iä‚TKt (äœ1"72#) TKtpG,

652
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 41/50

9.6 Id )E‹4?

·O{¯ _0 TKt" AŸ:U¯ • kB1 [‰SZ(&{/] ·O{+d‡G, _0 TKt" AB:> (7ƒ


#WB:+1 I® t",>) +d‡G, ¡BG #WB:MG ÃÄ

U AŸ: pJX • €Â{U • N61 {G S©, ¡ TJK,


AB: }JK, (,1©³) €©
TJK1 S#‡G

c #Jé+h
+Vx% AŸ: • TKn•n” cG, #JéM
p5Û -+p5G AB: TKn•n_ hG (Ié+h
k+ k/ flhTK"8SQ¯ Ç#‡G), kMG, fgh
, TK"8SëG Iæ=G

g1 B% #B1 [(;„(&{/] kO #B,? (IU³ n& ‡# +1¾ ,1©


!U\O kO?)

AŸ: IB8• k/ U sxgBÕá1 kB% ‡4E/] AB:o! N1© T1P9, Ç©. IP ¡


[ŒY
N61 TJK1 f‚(w TJK,Y fœ1‘UO.

[ N+<2 }JK"+h
, AB: I#B,³ "8w@O1'³,
Ip5G "8w"+h
, 01“1‘× n& N+ kO #B,
I?U# wa×"³,
{1B, }JK"+h
€V ,Y S6# AB:o #Bn#
aU\O. ]
‚m%+&_

9.7 Ow&{¡ DE= >&? w&{¡/A

684
‰ 68`
‰¯ fghIsg^
(¯ €Â{#J/ 68$‰(1© 68$‰(ב‘U\‡#i ב‡G), fgh
,
ä9 I1BJ %+h
1% _s_N.¯ {G, #J/©G (Unblamable),
j’5 °16#‡G, €©
ä9 I1BJ,dY ÃÄ T5$‰,³ ב‡G

a% ḩB k$ 6mÝ
BnT¯ "Jf ‰ Bn_ÕM A/d !U\‡G, ¡BG 6m`
‰G I6m`
‰G
I6mÝ
‰ I//~É I® Ii5 = I//~’G ÃÄ, I>5G IU>5G ÃÄ!
Id5¯

fghIsÿÝ IUš I_0©¯a fgh


, Isÿ`G (I#©G), IUYG, _0©¯0
I6K(¯ "JjŸ: Iz3G, I6K¦G, "JjB:

TJKŽqIU1X I[š\ I6K(¯ TJKV TJKÓqG, IU13G, I[Y\G, I6K¦G, TJKV


T1swā j(ª U IT1swā aG (s]
T1s3 qYG), j( uB IT1s3
aG (Is6u
TK"8Sÿ i(1 k/ 6m4
‰¯ ŕ3G SG), (AB:) TK"8SQ,U1P U’ (P/B>)
"8+EB¨=’! - I# "8]"w °S5Y

653
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 42/50

9.8 DE= !dE-O!dE/wl (S¯Pd

g1 I6KoU OKz(1 k/ U *@
P/B> N› 8&c
1x& - H‡È! I6K(™=? jM
i(1 k/1 ḩ• k/ H/È OKz(™ ÇV? UÍ NO s/&1'1“
Nw P‡ `‘¯

i(1 k/ 6mQ² u% U AB:rq U’ IT1H, IæU ¡ AB:Y ב.M,


IT1ý • I(1 AŸ: IX å>_ÊY.M S© I#

i(1 k/ TK"8SÒ N61 • nJd UÍ T%x%n(BK, /dU ¡ AB: TK"8SQ™


TBÕ1sU:(ŸK% I#

i(1 k/ U Nw 9 `‘¯ ‡ UÍ (jM AB:Y ב.M) S© I# °®5=’, nJÁ


I1B IT1³ /(1 Nw 9 `‘¯ I1B,U ™, (AB:M) IT1H, (I#6,) I# ÃÄ
jM °®5=’

+y1 "Q1w Nw 9 !‡' U /(1 k s‚,³ U’ ב‘=\’? ™,


s6: Nw 9 `‘¯ å>_ÊUÇ+ Œ‘=\, - I# P/B> I“¹&

BX i(1 k/ TK"8SÒ Nw 9 Ip5G "8]"w - U’ (AB:TKtp>³) TK"8SëÇ,


!‡' U ' * °S5Y
n"¦ (AB: å|(7„O) S© - I# N›

a%
TBÕ1sU:ª kK • pJf T%x%n(,ß (AB:³ UM) ¡ R1j }JK,Y1„
!U\s

_sÖB1 I//~J1 k/ (AB: TKtp>³ U’) _sÖB, (_"8SQ,),


I6K(1 I//~J,, I6K(™

qX U k$ s]
] qX sOB IsOŸ% ¡ AB: å|(7GUV Ç+ å|(72#V IU\µ sOB
"J Nw 9 `‘¯ IsOB,dM "J¨UO I# ("8]"w) °S5Y

9.9 :;<= = DE= = F4WS/ = XE‹4

T 9 !‡' "8]"w (N1S) N›


* °S5Y -

BVK kB% 78~: I6K(1 A ¡ 789: I6K(,

789:ŸK% #B1 ë6{1 ,+a


1 TB1 789:BK, /dU #B,, ë6{,, ,+a
,, TB,,
Ë+hÌ1 "&}JÆ
1 I6K(1 Ë+hÌ,, "&}JÆ
,, I6K(,, TVU16 x=:B8,
TVU16 x=:B81

AB: k/ I//~J1 eUx% AB: P#uBWUc //~J, S©

654
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 43/50

(R k/ B% AŸ:U1 C1 Nw k¤² AB: IP C1, IO ×272Ç#O, IP TB,


I"Q1B¯ B% kB% TB1

AŸ: 78~: k/ 78~: AŸ: k/, IB8 789:o AB:, AB:o 789:,. ¡ s$(,U
• k/ U sxgBÕá1 Nw C1 Nw T1P9, Ç©, C1 Nw! NO TB1!
TB1

B% kB% "1“Ÿ k/ "Q1w V# "1“3> (#4<,>, €cB"8Óq>, "Jn ?>)


6&­1x&!

9.10 DE= w&{¡/A

kB% • IQ7ç
1 IT5J­1 It"1 IO (AB:) IQ7ç
,, IT5J­,, It",, IJT,,
IJT1 IH1‚1 IH1‚,

I/+a
1 I=6B/1 IH1B/1 I/+a
,, I=6B/1 (#k ¨U 7d,), IH1B/,
IsTJØæB/1 I=U16æB/1 (uJ72UO, HnU1 Ç#O), IsTJØæB/,
(sT&Ø1'72Ç#O), I=U16æB/,,

In1B/1 I\6{/1 In1B/, (å|(72Ç#O), I\6{/,


IU91+Ja
æBK1 IuBæB/1 (H^
•1'72Ç#O), IU91+Ja
æBK,
(+Ja
ˆBKJ•B¨UO), IuBæB/, (uBU, Ç#O),

8˜æB/1 IU@UæB/1
I@ 8˜æB/, (@
I@ 8˜, Ç#O), IU@UæB/,
I‡UæB/1 IYVUæB/1 (I@U, Ç#O), I‡UæB/1 (‡U, Ç#O),
ITjUæB/1 IYVUæB/, (!VU, Ç#O),
ITjUæB/, (TjU, Ç#O),

I#1O8(1 Is$(1 I+J˜1 I#1O8(,, Is$(,, I+J˜,, Id+h


˜,,
Id+h
˜1 IT1H I?˜1 IT1H, I?˜,,

Isg^
(1 I//"PQ1 ITBa¥1 Isg^
(,, (I6K(,)I//"PQ, (T1rq, f
cU,
IJrT<1 IBnT<1 Ç#O), ITBa¥, (TBa¥ ?1zB,), IJrT<, (JŽ
?1zB,), IBnT<, (BÅ ?1zB,),

Ij(1 I(1 I® ^"#$61 ad uB


Ij(1 (jªzB,), I(1, !"#$3
k/ _sÖB1 _"8SQ, ÃÄ!

655
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 44/50

9.11 O2|&/P DE= 9S´P/

T+m% sÖB1! -+<f&³ (at once) _"8SÔ1xUO!

pJX If:% TJKf:% _sÖB1 ["8]"w P/BdX -] }JK, !#Y1„ ¡ TJK,


I6K(1 "QB "8SÔ1xUO. I6K(,Y 6&­1‘,!

91T¯ ”E91 Nw “(I)91 T¯ ”E91” (Y IO, IP Y)

T 9 !‡' g1 k$ 6mÝ
‰ I6mÝ
‰‡ "8]"w P/BdX N1+Y N›
* I]Y - “IO
Nw +#®1xUV? +#®1'ÇV?”

6mÝ
‰ sOŸ IsOŸ% "J Nw 9 [P/B> - ] “sOB IsOB,d +=\ "J,³
`‘¯ +#®1°Y” I]Y

+K k4 +y1 Nw 9 `‘¯ ["8]"w - ] “IO (A j() O? ›/1EO?” I]Y

g1 ²U U g1'U Nw 9 `‘¯ [P/B> - ] “V#X kž? IO (A j() Ê1°, ÃÄ


Ç©!” I]Y

i(1 k/ AQ¢J t@ Nw 9 ["8]"w - ] “UÍ AQ¢J tp>” I# I]Y


!‡'
(AB: ²Ž 6J­U,u UÍ I6K(, I?.u UM
j( T9r,³ £d¹ VY)

U ' Nw Aƒ¯ [P/B> - ] “S© / Ç©” I# Aƒw (I1r|)


#âO1°Y

C1 Nw IY]L‚K1 ḩB kU1 Nw [nJÁ "8]"w - ] “C1” IY× “¡B# (Np5G


IY/¨UV#) ?&1x °p5,” I]Y

qX I]
] qB¯ ' Nw 9 `‘¯ [Ip5G P/B> -] “å|(7G‘=\G n&¦
å|(7G.Ç©” I# °S5Y

U ' kU1 Nw 9 `‘¯ Nw ḩB ["8]"w - ] “IO S©” I#, “!# ?&1x °p5,” I#
k/ kU1 °"5f¿Y

AB: €6{1 Nw 9 !‡' "Òn k/ “AB: €O{1°Y!” I#, “ב‘=\Y!” I]Y

H$ U ' /(1 "ÒÅ [Ip5G P/B> -] H‡È! ™,


×2Ç+ Œ‘=\,

U k/ /(1 /Ma1 QM\Å Un*a [P/B> - ] “jM °p5.M Q+, S©, Un*aC
a H/È "8>6 Nw 9 `‘¯
I_ H‡È! "8TU\n?,” I# P/B> (kÂ) °"5\VY

U #B/1 "m'T% Nw 9 !‡' ["8]"w - ] “("2M1Ä I2H1“” I# I]Y

656
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 45/50

+ k4 IYrqNw [P/B> - ] “kO IYrq?”

k$ k/ AB: Nw 9 !‡' ["8]"w - ] “¡B„ AB:” I# °S5Y (NP IYrq- The


Final Conclusion)

[P/B> ‡&O AŸ:Y/j? SV? I T1P9,i


F’Œ, T©
!12³ rH© F’Œ IæU "8]"w P/Ÿ
{&1‘‘=\G!]
Ô`dM IO AŸ:Y/™ I# #W

² 9 `‘¯ Un¯ 31 /(1 B 8&c


[P/B> - ] “UM j Unf<J,” I# @ 1x&
Nw 9

"8]"w¯ P‡È IYQÒfY QÒT "8]"w P/BdM IYÒTU,Y Ҁ1°Y. I1©M ¡


Nw, B% k$ )*+¯ )*+, -

qŸJ1
CB1 C²U ]Lª% IY] [C1SJ™ CB-IYrq-IY]
qB-Is+d5,] CB, uB
A1BJ1 qB ;+<
CB,Y å>_ÊU/—Y, A1BJ,U IY]

q1 I6K(1 dä
IY] {¥ !"684
‰J1 IYrqu I6K(,Y ð1O, !"684
‰J,Y (68$‰M 68$‰
A/8ã% Nw IæU AB:Y) uJ/—Y

Nw !"#$% NÁ °"57“UO Um€19 (!BaJ) Ÿ®L !"#$3


a.

657
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 46/50

P/B> "8]"w# N›* I“¹& - “I¼Œ+=\ I¼¶U ¡ AB:Y, C1SJ,Y ?&1x jM


ss&1p,”. I¾*I#, "8]"w “C1!” I#, N›
* °"5f¿Y.

¡ C1 I+hJ™ ¡ TJK,. V# ;+< !"‡ÀU™ (expressions itself are) ŠB, /Ja


jU,
s$ % Sd,>. n&¦, w8SÁzB¨ !U\P IO ÃÄ C1SJ™!

a XSZ/ :;<=¢. I DE= :;<=µ D a DE=N F4 O) :;<=/o ’&‹/ LŒ :;<=/,


DE=, F4 - GH) IJ&KE4 L#2MN (OPQ :;<=/, DE=, F4 0&?R O) OST
4LUV), F4WS
'CXP YZ[ :;<=/N DE= \(/Q ON]2/ ^_`VP2MN O) a '()"*
)\bU c4d).

IP k+,, IrJ1 (¬JÆ


, S#O), InmB1 (j’5 Ç#O), I(1.

C1 I# IYŠB, u_Ê# V# (1© AÉ®1'7“U ¡ w8QbJ TJK, B% n(™!


w8QbJ,Y (Ë
c d, Ë+hÌ, SJ˜ QbJ,dY) "J789:X IYT1ZU, u(/—Y.

c dBK, /dU Ë
(1) Ë c d Î+a
¥, (Ë c d s$( ÏH,) /dU, (2) Ë+hÌBK, /dU Ë+hÌ
Î+a c d Ë+hÌ) †+, /dU, (4) AU16 ÏH, /dU - A ¡ AB:
¥, /dU, (3) (Ë
'3456,> +|¹UO. ¡ AB: ;+< =>? @6,dY C1SJ jB8dX kl+mB,
u(/—Y.

]H&B fcYG, Ë cd @
8ÓqG, sQKt" “¶ÒKU’G” - NO AB: / C1 / 789:, ;+< D6E
@6,. C1SJ,i ISJ jB8X kl+mB, u(/—Y. Ë c dBK1 uB, Ë+hÌBK1 uB, îrBK1
h
uB, fgBK1 uB (TJK,) ð1OU‡G.

cYG, Ë+hÌ @
TK"\ f 8ÓqG, •J˜HJ« “Ùr_G” - NO AB: / C1 / 789:, ;+< R12/
@6,. C1SJ,i !SJ jB8X kl+mB, u(/—Y. Ë c dBK1 uB, Ë+hÌBK1 uB, îrBK1
uB, fghBK1 uB !B<Jñ̈ (ò"5¤) !U\‡G.

_`"af cU klŠ3G, "8] qUÚYG, AU16 Ï+auX,ÜG, '3WB: @ 8rq“¡QK’G” -


NO AB: / C1 / 789:, ;+< F2/ @6,. C1SJ,i nSJ jB8X kl+mB,
u(/—Y. Ë c dBK1 uB, Ë+hÌBK1 uB, îrBK1 uB, fgh
BK1 uB Êd/7“U‡G (measured).

658
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 47/50

("8z ¬Œ#i IY/n?‘U\) ¡ ]H^ a> ¡ AB: ;+< jªjB8,Ç.


% - TK"\ - _`p

3b(, - NO '3456 789:, ;+< =>H/ @6,. '3WB: 3bª /€BBK, /dU
qB 3) IYrq4) Is+d5, uB FG ÃÄ, IU³ N+<“ ]H^
k+,UM 1) CB 2) IY] % T~
_`®aTK"\ IY/,>, e/d, jªjB8™! C1SJ,i IjB8X 3b( kl+mB,
u(/—Y.

x% k+J_G ¡ AB:o (The Self is the Enjoyer of His Oneness).

'3456 AB:M NO APQ, - ¡ AB: Ë c d "8rqS©, Ë+hÌ "8rqS©, R1G +|€U "8rqÃÄ
S©. IO "8rqS©, I"8rqS©, "8]qUÚU, S©. IO I6m$‰, (6m$‰, S#O),
I//~J,, I³ ^9,, Id+há,, Ix1B,, I//PQ, (I012,), kSB:, "8B(
fJ, (TB,), "8"1', !"Qž1‘ f cU,, Ò1B,, Ô/,, I¤¥B, (BUM ⒳
R12/O Ç#O), '3Jc ,³ (]H^ %-TK"\-_`"a€c3dM AZJ¨U =>H/ €cw³) Bd'6’. A
AB:o sãq(, (IO -+<¾ ä?³ å>_ÊU/d€UO [ÇV] å|(7GU61Ÿ IP Iæ
^T, (,6ç
!U\O), ¡QKJ ³ ), 3b(3b(, (3b(,UM ÃÄ I"8™( fgh )!

hŒdM (×pM) 68$‰(ב‡G), )^B8,dM (s#g“g) 68$‰, nU_ÕM 68$‰, ·O{g 68$‰,
AB: 'M
8˜,UM 68$‰, Bn_ÕM 68$‰, TJK,UM 68$‰. "8ZU,³ AB: TJK,UM IU,³ !1“
@
sd+h˜¨UO. TJK,UM fgh.

¡ AB: ;+< =>? @6,dY C1SJ jB8dX kl+mB, u(/—Y.

¡ C1SJ 1) CB [Interwoven] 2) IY]qB [Authorized] 3) IYrq[Permitted, Allowed] 4) Is+d5


[Absence of Alternative] IYUs C1SJ t",> [AB:M k d+h ˜,> °"5Ç,. C1SJ,
AB:M T1rq. ISJ-!SJ-nSJ,dY IJc Ö/,dX C1SJ !ê¢J˜, !@TU VKW AB:
fS hŸ<J, fœ1'/‘¢Y. C1SJ, AB:o I# ¡ !"#$3 ai ,Y:1©
sQ!+&1'7GY.]

(e/d1 A@OB) =nt@B:+™ I? ¡ TJK, AB:o.

C1SJ,i# ISJ-!SJ-nSJ jB8dY !@€1x, A "8˜/,UM =>H/O IjŸ 8 (jŸ


8
J•B) 1) CB 2) IY] qB 3) IYrq4) Is+d5 t"¨U '3WB: 3b(,Y V#X (IjB8X )
IK1x, 3b(¨U ]H^ %-TK"\-_`p adY !"T19&1x, AB:u AB:Y dæ1'/—Y.
[C1SJ !@TUu Ë c d ASQ, xŸ aSQ,i, xŸ aSQ, xVSQ,i dæ1‘Y. N/L\
AB:o!]

¡ "8˜/,UM kO D6E jB8 IO "m+% “I”SJ,, R12/ @6, I1B&+h“!”SJ,,


F2/ @6, 2i+ “n”SJ,, x/JU !U\ =>H/ @6,UM IJ{ jB8- IO fni+
c d, Ë+hÌ, îr, fghd+h
C1SJ,. I#\ @6,d1© Ë ˜,> '3WB:M +dŒ.

¡ 3b(,Y #(n,³ fKYŠB, u_Ê# ¡ TJK,Y ×xU‡G IBG


"8"1''YG, T+>G, fZ’G (IB„ TJK,UM AZ’G, IB#g âÍ AZJ, I/TJ,
Ç#‡G), InmBn¦G, '3WB:.

659
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 48/50

AB:M f1H |1H }r - 789:Y =[ (1©, s` ƌY 9m6(, (1©, ’© ¸# Š¸ n‚,


(1©, VK6Q I1B,U (IU³ 789: J1‚81, T9f8J +nd1 (1©) C1SJ¨U TÍKQK’# -
AU16 InmB,U %& I16&L =>? @6,d t",³ ('345VB:³) =>?
!"~J,dX (SY+dX, */dX) ä?³ }=1'/—Y.

QbJB8( !"T1~J AB: ZU, - ²r_Õu (Ö/Ui) QbJB8(,Y (Ë


c d-Ë+hÌ-SJ˜
QbJ,dY) ä?³ ‡®1"u€, w8?1zB 6m‰X n~Ë c d P9, n~Ë+hÌ P9,U1©,
n~Ë+hÌ P9, n~SJ˜ P9,U1© dæ1" u€ (I, !, ô) jB8du 1) CB 2) IY] qB
3) IYrq4) Is+d5 (jŸ
8 J•B) t",Y ä?³ x1w1x (3bªB:Y) H^ •1'/—Y.

3b1SJ IH^ ,³ (3b(,UM ÃÄ ,1P, IU³ fgh ‹) "8SÔ1‘ ‡## (=J€1ƒ#)


IY` ‰,X UnT<&1x, ó8w ð1O “C1” I# !"T19&1x, I91 () I# IYT1ZU,
u€ ¡ AB:o () "J789: C1SJ, (I# €O{ð16/—Y).

Tx¢1VU16 }JÆAB:d (IU1B ÐE ¬Œd) (1© U‡B:MB (d*p5G Ê^ Ba‡“ /—)


"8+EBn? Tx¢VU16 }JÆ AB: "J789:³ Ös1x I91 ( "J789:) I# AB:Y
(I1BÍ1O8(,Y) z_üD*nU_Õi Ö/Uu ("J789:X) k+, u(/—Y (I91 78~:E€:).

Um€1ƒ„ A"aBjJc
, (ð16/d€U ‡Ei IB1B ò"5 vd,), ‡"aBn, (TJK,i
‰G (!BaÅBa,G), n~sŠw.
I1BW1BJ,U ‡®1x¦U\‡G), !B<ˆ`

¡ =J€1ƒ„ I"8™¦G, (TKB¯€O{Ç#) I=B:Y "8SÔ1"u¦‡G.

TK"8SëG, IT1?G, (ŸY P#l ⒠S© +Y+) IU,³ ×272Ç#‡G, (N"5Ee d¨


!U\) AB: j3¸„ SŒU IU½ (p5Û -+p5G) ð167„‡G SG, ¡B„ !B<ˆ`
‰G (the
Ultimate).

=J€1ƒ# IY` ‰,u AB:Žw# IK1x P/B> T1ŸU,UM T171œ1xU Sn,d


Y1“, sBa,UM T171œ1xU Sn,d Y1“, i+,UM T171œ1xU (é’ "8ÀB>
D6d?) Sn,d Y1“ (xBa,i) f‚U,dX T~ /O|†f‚Ui €O{+|¹=’.

=J€19 H f‚U - ISJ, uB ¡ AB:Y IK1x B’‡B !SJ !@TU u(/—Y.


ISJ, uB ¡ AB:Y !SJ }WKJ{,Y (,1©U\ TH,Y) A+&ñ 1x €1'+mB, u€
(€19,³ u€) !BaWJ{
,X A €19,Y A+&ñ 1x (B’‡B nSJ !@TU u(/—Y).
h
nSJ, uB nU_Õ D6d? ‡E# Jg1‘‡##, nU_Õ D6d? ‡Eg
(nš·6{á91SJxBa,dM) fgh
# IK1'/—Y. nSJ IJc , uB ?˜J•B AB:X
kl+mB, u(/—Y (€19,Y gh 1'/—Y). !@TMG nS’„ (3b¦„) I?Y [IU³,
QbJB(, !"T19&1x BUY ŸY 3b(,X ?&a
8 1p (identify) u_ÊYY].

¡ AB: (789:,, "JjB:) k+,, Is+d5, [AB:i I+ 6m` ‰>, Tm` ‰> +|5B¨
d(n?× !=\, I/L\ AB: +1¾ ⒠S+ ³, ¡ AB:i sSJ,Ç ÇŒ. [There is never any
distortion in Brahman. Apparent distortion is mere verbal attribution.]

660
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 49/50

T% /_ aŒ I? ¡ AB: CB, (?'¢7“UO) /— S©, IO T64U, - x64U, - AU16ÚU,!


[Unlike distinct ties of multiple threads, Atman is singleton and continuous like that of water.]

AB: k+J_G, I//~’G, P#bUc OKz¦G SG - CB 8B™! (-e VJ,X I2d ,³


#>Œ³ I> *MU\ /di VJ, /1EO)! [Atman is the undual, inherent connection for
everything like vertically and horizontally sewn “single” wire of a fishnet.]

‡M<o C1SJ,, ‡M<o ¡ TJK, I# /’ å>_ÊYš IQ7ç


, /— !1G. ВÊUG
(Ta·
{B !12+ C1SJ !ê¢J˜X AB:Y !@€1‘Y!).

xU:(™ ¡ C1SJ,, ¡ TJK, xU:(,. T%o x%! x%o T%!

AB:o TJK,UM fKB:Y N‘¢UO .

[d+h
˜ J•B¨U] ¡ AB: CB, S©, IY] qB S©. C1SJ™ IYrq. C1SJ™ IY] qB.
["JjB:Y Ëx1‘] ¡ C1SJ™ k+JT,UM (for the Experience of Oneness) IYrq
a  AB:Y å>_ÊU/—Y .
(Permission). C1 I# !'¢&Ë

AB:o C1SJ,, C1SJ™ ¡ TJK,. k+, IæU "J™QK’„ IO (C1SJ,) Iæ!=\G.


Is+>5G (IOKz¦G) ÃÄ Iæ !=\G. N+<2 k Ê1°, #6, Ç©. I+<2 ÃÄ k
Ê1°, #6, Ç©!

I(™ 789:,, 789:™ I(,.

"JjB: jB8™ TK"8SëG, n"¦ ABG s$( ] qU, /— H^•1"7G‡G S©. e/d
]qU™ IæU‡G, n"¦ ABG n÷+µ. n÷+“³ å|(7G‡G S©. j( n"¦
BÅt" IYŠw I?UO k IO I1Ÿ r21, Å~B:+1, IU1B1 [Note: j( IU1B1!].
¡ (rH%) t", V#g (AB:M) /1=+, (|1H,u / x9\,u !U\O³ å>pUO). j(
BUM /w&+a, S# }JÆ ,ßU eh
B8,dY ×®1x ¬/ ¡Q I/ÖT1 uB (ž½ ] qU,,
Is6 uB) rH% +d5UY u¦Y. ¡ j( TJKŸ 8 789: s`
Æ Ô/ t®; Iæ §BU,u
"8SÔ1"7GUO.

I[jU, +d‡G ¬ŒG, #(1B ¡QK’G. TJK, Y IY I[jU, +d‡G


•J˜H’«G. TJK ¬Œ> ÃÄ TJK I/Tcdi TJKn¦>, Iæ= ÃÄ (I]
qU,uB)
I>5>. IB„ (¡QK’„ •J˜H’«G³) ¡ ŠB,dY, N1O8(,dY, sW=>* P/BdY
n"¦ ("1') ÐQ,dY Tm‰1x, "8âÔ1x IFJB= BU j(uB FJ# /—
//9&1‘‘=\G.

661
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) (34*5 !678 9:; !"#$% 50/50

DE=#4° O!Y‹ ON]2/ '45°


[ n& ¡ rH6Y/, /&g?
- j(u "8rqM IY/n?‘U\O.
- "8]
q I[jU, +|¹U‡“# ¬ŒG I1›=\,.
- TB,UM, ¡ ¬ŒG IU7G‡G AB:o! ¬$ 78&:w = "J¯!
- AB: A "8rqM fgh
‹ "8rqY "8SÔ1"u_
aU\O.
- !B5wa, €cw, d(,>X ÓU ¡ "8rqn"¦ rH3a> #ŸB:(1© ž½t" jª
l^Ä "8+.U jB8™! ]

Id+h
˜ AB: ;+< d+h ˜,>
68$‰(1© 68$‰(ב‘U\‡#i ב‡G), fgh , j’5 °16#‡G, €©{G,
#J/©G (Unblamable), ä9 I1BJ,dY ÃÄ T5$‰,³ ב‡G
Bn_ÕM A/d !U\‡G, ¡BG 6m` ‰G I6m`‰G I//~’G ÃÄ, I>5G
IU>5G ÃÄ!
fgh , Isÿ`G (I#©G), IUYG, _0©¯0 Iz3G, I6K¦G, "JjB:
TJKÓqG, IU13G, I[Y\G, I6K¦G, TJKV T1s3 aG (s]qYG), j( uB
IT1s3 aG (Is6u ŕ3G SG), (AB:) TK"8SQ,U1P U’ (P/B>)
"8+EB¨=’!
IO (AB:) IQ7ç,, IT5J­,, It",, IJT,, IH1‚,
I/+a ,, I=6B/1 (#k ¨U 7d,), IH1B/, (uJ72UO, HnU1 Ç#O),
IsTJØæB/, (sT&Ø1'72Ç#O), I=U16æB/,
In1B/, (å|(72Ç#O), I\6{/, (H^ •1'72Ç#O), IU91+Ja æBK,
(+JaˆBKJ•B¨UO), IuBæB/, (uBU, Ç#O)
I@ 8˜æB/, (@ 8˜, Ç#O), IU@UæB/, (I@U, Ç#O), I‡UæB/1
(‡U, Ç#O), IYVUæB/, (!VU, Ç#O), ITjUæB/, (TjU,
Ç#O)
I#1O8(,, Is$(,, I+J˜,, Id+h ˜,, IT1H, I?˜,
Isg^ (,, (I6K(,)I//"PQ, (T1rq, fcU, Ç#O), ITBa¥, (TBa¥
?1zB,), IJrT<, (JŽ ?1zB,), IBnT<, (BÅ ?1zB,)
Ij(1 (jªzB,), I(1, !"#$3 ad uB _"8SQ, ÃÄ!

AB: sOB-IsOB,dM "J¨UO.

"8]"w P/BdM IYÒTU,Y Ҁ1°Y.


[C1SJ™ CB-IYrq-IY]
qB-Is+d5,] CB, uB CB,Y å>_ÊU/—Y,
A1BJ,U IY] qB ;+< IYrqu I6K(,Y ð1O, !"684
‰J,Y (68$‰M 68$‰
IæU AB:Y) uJ/—Y.

PKŒ4< 'EcS ¨bk '()"* X}(c/

662
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3+4 567 !"#$% 1/24

!"# $%& :

!"#$% "&'( )*+,


"-./ 012(, - 345 6678,
7>
1.1 9:;< =
1.2 345?@ A&B C=DE# "&"-:F
1.3 345 G<H
I
1.4 345 1<J
1.5 3451<J #62 K<5,
-(PB67,
1.6 3451<J #62 K<5, 6LMIN O
7>
1.7 3451<J QR=
S;T( 012(, - UVRW 3X5:;Y# !"Z:,
2.1 /[\2# "-1I +<7
G2 ?$(] C=DE# "&"-:F
2.2 PG^D_ `a bKI,c
2.3 Yd-/D6-,c
2.4 9:;YE 6I eR 6678,[ G&H
Dfg
2.5 ?h;:;Y# !"Z:,
2.6 ij G<H
I
-(PB67,
2.7 O
2.8 PG^D_ `a ?1I,, QR:k>
2.9 PG^D_ !O4I, QR:k>
-J,c ?EfmE nDo !67/ pq>
2.10 ijl O
2.11 r-s5?d2 0K2(I 0t24,c, QR:k>
2.12 9:;< ?,uc nDo o<v
wc

663
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3+4 567 !"#$% 2/24

'()"* (+,# -.&/

xI iyzF 4; 0>&+7
(% b/2a 4;4;|",+D} ~Y € (‚_%) !#ƒ !IFS 0„
0p7{ 3-/D 3-/[ iyzFl

+ > 345#h†$D 6% r-s5 €G 0p5 #h†$, 345, ˆp, ‰d dkŠ‹ŒRzD, 0D6Ž


‡GRD 4/dkŠ‹# +c_ˆ € axI, +R,  ‘’“+
”
axI|"]I ‡GR r-s5• „[.

xI, 0I –
[b/2 a -—5dkŠ‹, 4/ tGI! 9 345
a–R !"#$% 0K2(ID ˆm# dkŠ‹l >-˜™
<9:;<, UG, ‚_%> €+6;, #:B(, 0šfIFS.

xI, ›Dˆ 345,


`a 4/(/Do b/2a
7 9 4<;4/6; tG, /II,
(?œ>) K&›
ˆ(G[.]

(012 345#/ -
678 99:;/

:A
1.1 <=>? @

žD. 0. a–l C=DŸ ¡y4 q¨I C=DŸ /s&©(a–cE)


‚–R §Š GD:=
P¢< m4D, žDi< 4;|LJD, ¡y4P¢< m=E, žDi<4;|˜E, !¤ 4ªw¨,
/£ZGD, !¤<“
+k6 h¢<¥D, 0<“ - KY¨, >-„w
'D« ¬¨I (¦/, ›<2, 0šFR[
¦/-›<2-0zF I(ID „6-,c +^zI) /£ZV#

0ID6 ­Do <? "-3D, m2®


¯'<5 0ID6]I 'Dd-›<2 iD>³ "-iP=
7IFmE,
0Dr<K<D, /k_s47D, 345 °±6 7E, 345 °±6
˜^'<5, K&DImE, /k_s=
?_²
sD ?_²
´E,

><2µ >-˜DŸ-¶· ?¸‚¤I [oº (Do 0Ÿ», eE ¶¢R³ "-iPDfmE


¹R"-Z:¥D (a_k%, 4;"F, =\L70Gb
q6-(,[ ¼R
½^zD"ˆmE),

p56 4D`<H"D'?K "D¾IID YIV;³ 4D`<H


, ¿o (4kŠ‹, pq>, > tG,
0[_²
s, R() ?K,ÀI ¿o (42a6, m/ZG,

664
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3+4 567 !"#$% 3/24

6wMY$, 9ÁI, 0Â<) ,¢,c +^zImE,

ø4I |ÄD, 0"-•(D, ø4I, 3Dz/l ÉYBIFmE, 0"-•E, S -


vJD,
0Åd2D6D, #$ ÆÇD, #Y 0D6, Ê#mE, € +ÇD+, 0Dg#mE, €
ÁD6D, #<D‚ID, 0Å/(D, ´D “E i#mE, "-ÁDwE, #<D‚[E, €
šJ,RW ro
QÈ W¸;JD +R6 ËDd#mE, ´D QÈ ˆmE (0I
xI,ˆ +cš 3(,, o ¢,R[
0a
ŒRzDfmE),

PG Ť# 0#:D !'B<D6D 7


‘3›'+, PGÅ/,c #<D6<D !'B&›
!DEmE,

ª<J2–´D, ª<J2|"D, HE, {„


ª<J2–´E, ª<J2|˜E, ª<J2GY
ª<J2G<H
D, ª<J2#@D, 3W7RW ª<J2#@ GDºmE,

0Ì86D, 'w<q
D, r-s5-?\
H-Yd- 0Ì86 66;4;|˜E, a_k%-4;"F-=\L7eE
0T6D, €+D, 0Á42D pqwRW bƒÍ
ÎI Åc_GÌI wÏ(4;|˜E, r-s5-
?\ ¬RW (4kŠ‹-pq>-R(,RW) 0TwE, ‡GR
H-Yo
€+4;|˜E, ÁpD"rŸ#mE

1.2 678!B C+D E@FG) (+(0=H

3_GD6D PGD "-J/2 ,´Y5´ 3_GDwEÎI PV# "-JÒ^*/<R /<R ¤¶E


032<BÐ j²
QRdÑ "DŸ*³[, WR³[,

[¤ÓE Ô/5W eE Wc !DŽÕ. 0S >-˜º#


7IFd# mº €+6;• PVE 0# tGI ˆ›
›= 7,
mº³ ¸@D'G[.

>-˜º = <9:;<, UG, ‚_%>, <a


x{, a
xID, Öx(D>,
<d-$‹, d<†ID, dk:2,>, <4kŠ‹, pq>, R(,>, <a_²
%,
4;"F, =\L7> ×dcšI?.]

ØI 345Å ' I6 !67/ 0D_ /ۏ 345,³[ `ÜD, bÝ


‹D_ I/bÆ<, ˆp,
+k{D‚^˜g ""-'Ù 0Ú ª p^ Þzv * "&"-PFDË[ -
, ?I(,³ C=DEE ­ß

3_Gà! ~db<D !d“á62 3_GDwâ! ~db<,[ !d“&DfIº‹>-˜DŸ-?@


>-˜DŸ-?@D xI, ›Dfã [oºä eE¶¢c
(b/2a
‹W„ 345, 6æYˆ=W„ ?@ ?1I,),
åß

665
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3+4 567 !"#$% 4/24

(b5% 0I2 I 0ç+̀G è+Í Z#ˆ6 ­6<]I 0ç+ÍÊ# ‡GR è+Í


, (¡GR2,)
!"Ré“ nDdrEê, 0º‹?@# (`a #(/,[) ˘M,.

ƒD 345ê d-G2D? i# b
qÅ#? /Ië 345W d-G2D €Ò? b
qI,c €?? æ b
qI,RDo
0L 06-‡ m? +> m? /D6-,c €?? 0? €#F?

642 1<ì ‡ m 06-0@i&í?  345[ K&Df m&ƒ !DŸGRpI 0@i<, (0<î


6)
#(/ ØÝD + m? €Òº? mY OºD'GRpI #(/,c €Ò?

¤D 0DØmpID 0[Á4æ P\2ŸïI ÅW è+Í


¤<v
, !"ZPDf,.
è+Í
D ­>.

Reference NOTE:
8 !"#$9 :; !<*=*>?@( ABCDE2(F +*?*G*H( E*IJ2K LMNO4P2;
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E457 "4H IIJK 4;E27 à "4H IIJK 4;E2 E45‰ Êc \õ]CZ


+™yµ

k/1}= O„i, 9:;<á! k/1Z8¥ UZ,, 9:;<M‡!

M/CÓ´ žY fÁ2 0™45 êÁy7 M/C&´ 0# \"]9Q 0™45 (ÍC) ê”s# "4H IIJK

733
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 8/98

"4H IIJK 4;E2 fÁ2 4;E2, 0# \"]9Q

0™45G HT?h(G !"#$g Js AŒ Â$ 2


0™45G HT?h(G !"#$°
AŒ Â$ 2 E7‡C› ‹hI=› E7‡C, ‹hI=` ":{C|` d’„I` !=Pg
":{C|Iy d’&J

e}= HT7I›
‹h I% E5F" d e=,R HT°<@ 07CF
345, # E5F" d
Eß5 9:;<z/7 ’¹› 9:;<z/, o7g?Œ

(E2 O
/ö= E45 971› ":U=O27Y M## O
/G, RS.R E45 97p,@ E‰D,¡
=Â7_¿

e}= E45 4;E27 UgI7


(E2 d e=,R E45 4;E2, UgIHA¿
M# a+b d
x/Y

I% E5F"7 +™7 žY # E5F", m¤†C=÷ \‹]_?PZ

1.4 (7KLLMNb@ (7<=>?/ c&d 27[


@

ê7³ 7³ 0YU4+J


› Xø÷| ê7°Q, #’
;E7"ZPQ, 0YU4cJQ, Xø>
|Q,
AŒx+J
› I¾#$ܛ Âù2 9:;<#$Ü7 AŒxlJ’D‡Q, I¾#V
ÜQ 0º= ÂV2Q
AŒ7 fkC2 9:;<#V
Ü[= AŒN /CÏc R&

":Cl–
G 345+7 C78/% ":GH2 †7’ ":üH, R{, ÷{ȳ 07¬È
m>Œ¡ /LÅ, kû
:7¬È› £¹5 U=ú=
B ý¤7L, U=(,¡ C’Ž
4c R&
!"E7’H2

x’/á! Aî! ~ "4HIIJK 4;E27 x’‡á! AŒM‡! ?c "4H IIJK 4;E2, A¡
UU'2 /+J
/27 žY #4W
º7L \"]/D{=g 0þZ.

0Y fC4 345+7 0Y ;ßà


G Â$ 27 0Y fC4345+,¡, 0Y E7³$,³, ÂV2# 0}+
9ÿ+„I2 AŒ› /CY Up,@¡ 0^=7g7L AŒN Ä Up,¡ \õ]Z.

"4HIIJK 4;E2 !"#$% +


H› "4H IIJK 4;E2 !"#$% +
H, m¤†C=¡
+™2Ã

"(¹7
k/1}= ! k/1=,¡ UZ,

+™7 9:;<? 9:;<, m¤†g? 0=¡

6DI:y 0qI7 9:;<, E456D (£I, xU$ 2%, /4J


Š=, 0Z) ‰Q 6D,DR
0qI7 9:;<, q7'98#g 9:;<,, E45 6D,R E]ÔÂ7'98#g
9:;<,

734
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 9/98

ŽG E5F"7 9:;<
EAG #Œ ŽG E5F", 9:;<,
EAG #Œ

fg Hp2 07I !=27 9:;< fgH127I 4rI, 9:;<,

E457 ”@ žC7 9:;< E45‰ #$ #+b,¡ 9:;<~

Šy“I7 Aü“I7 9:;< Šy“I,, Aü“I, 9:;<,

0=7I7 0":~( 0”78 "&34W


7 0=7I,, 0":~(,, 0”78,, "&34W
,
9:;< 9:;<,

0g5“( "4Š=7C øC|æC|,+J 0g5“(,, "4Š=7C,, øC|æC|, (Absolute


EI2 E5F" ‡2"+ 0^=P Consciousness), ,+J
,, EI2 E5F",, E45
0"&L =P7 9:;< ‡2"+,, 0^=P,, 0"&L =P, 9:;<,

E% L% f=7C E5":6O7 9:;< E% L% f=7C E5":6O, 9:;<,

H¿ ‡Ÿ7 0Þ'47 9:;< H=Xªc ‡cb=c Þ'4, 6#g 9:;<,

0éD ":ŠG 0Þ'47 9:;< 0#P ":ŠüDc 0Þ'4, 9:;<,

0µI Í7I ÍC27 9:;< 0µI Í7I ÍC2, 9:;<,

JI› "&R C 4rI7


MOI› 6D³ /X JN (object)
MO, (space) RI, 6D, (time) RI, /X
9:;< RI "&R C 4rI, 9:;<,

E45 "&34W
7 9:;< E45, "&34W
,¡ 9:;<~ 0º !=Pg

°Ó(7 #h647 u+7 9:;< °Ó(, (d’„%, E5"P, XVˆJ0Z ‰Q {‘°Dc


kl–
Ñ= ?@’/g), #h64,, u+, 9:;<,

0•KI7 0#h5'27 9:;< 0•KI,, #45L7"w#g 9:;<,

":G‡I<+7 9:;< ":G‡I<+, 9:;<,

":G‡I<+Ã5= !+J
7 9:;< ":G‡I<+I5,³ \"]9Q=g 9:;<,

":G‡g 0éD H7I:fI<+7 9:;< ":G/, ÐCÒ= 0éD H7¹


:I<+, 9:;<,

1.5 (7<=>?/ c&d BCD EF/C

BC '°$†( fI<+7 9:;< BC '°$†yI<+, 9:;<,

l7 I% BC '°$†(7 9:;< x/Y? <=>?/@T e BCD EF/C uU 0=¡

0U2 BC› XU2 BC› f=7C 3!f5 EF/ , \!f5 EF/ , e@:F EF/ ,

735
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 10/98

BC› °Ó( BC› žY gh# EF/ 0Z=U

[NOTE: BC, 0Z=g -+ +È]I Uz’, (07O,


Facet). 0#45'Ê(,, 0#ßÏ
O2, 0º= 9:;<,
a+b 34W
I5,Z 04‘
7 RXËZ.c AŒN ,7>¡
-+ Up`= Ux¬= +È]7__?PQ.]

°Ó( BC› °Ó( °Ó(7 °Ó( B>Q a °Ó( °Ó(, H¶S


°Óy“I7 ' °Óy“I,

+™7 BC '°$†(E2 tC›? ?@A BC,Dc tC, uµ 0=¡

0U2 BC› ":™H› B÷, U2 0U2 BC, ":™H BC,, U2 BC, j78/g,
B÷ g5“(, f=7C BC› I„“(, f=7C BC, ‰8/g, °Ó( BC, ?@’/g
°Ó( BC› °Ó( žY

‰D 0U2 ":™H BM = 0=2I: ‰D 0UC2 ":™H BCH7> !7QZ, Hß


BC,=7> !78>

UC2 f=7C °Ó( 07ê› Eß5V UC2, f=7C, °Ó( 07O@ 0#P BC,D7> ‡2ˆ7L
BMV ‡2"2 Y$Ü7Y !7QZ

u/7 I&%U2ð?7 tC› +™7 žY? * !=Pg


+Z+ UC2 ÐCDA BC,Dc tC, mn
0=¡

:1}2= I% I% /2"M)
I% I% B :1=2,DR fy BC,@ #ßÏ
fy B Â7"9ƒ=U,
JI& ° 0tC u/
/X #d#l u tC, w>

II:0pEJ=7 u+7 BC7 0U2 0+b8 l


7C -+ BC, (0=¡ 0U2 BC,)
O9D7 x/Y 0UC2RI ͌¡ !=Pg

!"&I= BCI:(ô7 øC|²1=7C '= ‰Q BC,@ øC|²p f=7C D+–


G,D RI
D+–
G7 0H„I7 x/Y 0H„I, 0º !=Pg

I% ' 0(l+ "4Š=7C D+–


G H¶S 0g (9:;<,) 0(l+ "4Š=7C D+–
G,,
0”78 0µI Ã) h› ¬5DY 0”78 0µI Ã)hÂH(,¡ ¬5È7_Z

I% ' 0#h5'27 0#ßÏ


O27 0”78 0g (9:;<,) #45L7"w#g, #ßÏ
Â7"w#g, 0”78
f=7C u+ 4kI<+7 x/Y f=7C u+ 4kI<+, 0º=g

II:Hp2H BC7 Hp2 ":Må 07> Hp2H BC, (f=7C BC,) Hp2 ":MO,=
0µI ì› ":‡; f64Iy #I2 0µI Ã) ":‡; f64,= #I2 ¥c7¨` ":6Â7_Z.
¥c7¨7 UzY

736
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 11/98

1.6 (7<=>?/@T H:i


j 678&b@ ekBl#m) 27[
@

I% ' #4YO( f=7C 0”78 H¶S 0g (9:;<,) #4YO( (k¤ w#) f=7C,
9:T<=7C #¬‰&Jf6ßG ¬5DY 0”78 9:T<=7C #¬‰&J(I=c ¹} 0º=)
f64,= ¬5È7_Z

0"&L =P H78—# (* C„O27à 0"&L =P H78D,@ u Up7¡ +#ˆ7_¿

IC5% 0”78 f=7C 0µI ¥$W/ f Up7¡ 0”78 f=7C 0µI ¥$W/ g/2 Ã) h (":“
g/2 Ã) h 07I4Ž
I UDE% HT ØN#l) E5 07I4Ž
I` U—E,¡ HT UV
WN "4H

W› "4H7 "C7 Uh¬Ã *Z
"C, UhÚ@

>’|!Cq Hp2 {‘I 0H„I BD E,C:, Hp2 !=P 0H„I +DO, /+ ¥$W/
+DO/% ¥$W/7 1H "4Hô7 "4H 1H, +#ˆ7_Z
E7C„O2Ã

XC4´= g/2 Ã) 07I4Ž


I› XC4´= XC4´= g/2 ì, 07I4Ž
°[= XC4´= ‹ŒVQ
‹Œù

(* Ì42 H78D 07I4Ž


I› E u Up,¡ ˜Ã Ì42 H78D 07I4Ž
°[ f
Ì42?h(G› Ì42?h(iQ !?PÉ

0µI 0"&L =P 0•KI 0µI 0"&L =P 0•KI "4Š=7C D+–


G Ã) hÂ
"4Š=7C D+–
G Ã) h 07I4Ž
I 07I4Ž
I fg?h(iQ f Up,¡ +#ˆ7_Z
fg?h(G› I* E7C„O2Ã

E u/ °Ó(7 9:;< 0I, °Ó( 9:;<,

E u/ °Óy“I› 0I, °Ó( 0“°Q

E u/ UV
W› 0I, UV
WN

E u/ EHEJ9:;< ‡'+ ‡'2› 0I, EHEJ9:;< ‡'+ ‡_2Q (EHEJ9:;< 0Z


?H,³ \"]9Q‡Q)

E u/ "47)2Y› 0I, "47 )2Y E5F‹Q

E u/ Š( 0“I› 0I, Šy 0“°Q

E u/ AG 0“I› 0I, AG 0“°Q

E u/ 6D 0“I› 0I, 6D 0“°Q

E u/ 0éD +4< 0“I› 0I, 0éD +4< 0“°Q

E u/ EI2 !Bq 4rI› 0I, EI2,, !Bq 4r°Q

737
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 12/98

E u/ "4~O54› 0I, "4~O5ŒQ

|8Z, ¬=<-¬h-
[Note: }Z "&µ°8Z, 9>
H„°2NDc s9ƒ=‡8Z 0# 0ZËZ_=P ØNQ
E5I›¡ Ä fg?h(i,!]

E u/ L47I=›, ‹Œ$›, ":G‡g 0I, E?IZQ, ‹ŒVQ, ":G/, ÐCÒ= E+D


0éD H7I:‡'+ ‡'2, fg 07I H7I:‡'+,D³ ÌL7_9Q‡Q, ÐC@ L/4
J °Ó(
!=2, fg MO 6D /X JNDc ,7M !7ƒ °Ó(,R
w#‡Q, MO 6D /X
e #I2 "&34W
E7d › 34W
›, EI2 WQ 0º !?PQ.
ÌL7'9Q×, #°2Q, "&3Œ
E7+D] f¹< hH› WQ, EI2 E7+D] f¹< h,Q.
0IQ 3Œ

6D I:y 0qI #¬E5F"› ‰Q 6D,DR q7'98# #¬E5F‹Q 0IQ


E5(7 )2Y›, E5(7 ":6OH(› E5(7 )2Y, E5(7 ":6OHSQ

E5 EŠ= 0q+4G !=2›, E5 I=c EŠ= 0q+4G, (governing supremacy)


EŠ= 0q+ !¿2 w#‡Q, I=c EŠ=, 0q+, 0º=‡Q
w#‡Q

= g‡ h“:UzÞ, = E7/Iªhg g=, hY:0# Uz’, w#‡Q, E7/Iª4,


6D Uz’› ÐCDA 6D Uz’, w#‡Q

k5=7CH( 0=7I 0L7I2 Ux/ k5=7CHSQ, 0=7°Q, 0L7°2Q, Ux/


e?¹<
f¹< 07Ih¹< "4Š¹< d j BL?,
(Omnipresent) 0º eL?, 3:LlL?, (7nL?, i
°ÓyI< ž¹2g ‡'+ ‡'2 ghoL? ÐCDA ‡'+ O9Ï,DR #ßÏ
Â7"9Q
0•KI "4Š=7÷ U-› 0•KI "4Š=7C U-Q

#³2 #$ b.7Ö #&5+s] #47¬¿ #°2Q, #$ b.7cQ, #&5+@]Q, #47¬ZQ,


#hÁ2I› ø÷|M/ uÖ ?h(/, = /4W |Q, MNQ, uÖ ?h(iQ, I=c
?“°Q, ø>
g5“§ 0{J+ÂÅ% žY j78/g w#‡Q

( u/7 ÍC E ‹Œ$› Ið( 0n/7¤‡## m/Œ Ý@XËþCî f ":(IP¯@Q Ä


!BE=y IE2 kS¬27 žY, !BE=R f HT ?h(iƒ kS¬2, o7>Z
žY 0E7O(7, žY !"#$% JR
0# \"]90Z. žg #Eª7O(, 0# Ä !"#$°
":+¤7'Q_=Pg.

žY 0™45G HT ?h(G Js 9:;<, a+b


Ä Up,¡ HT ?h(G !"#$°
!"#$g BC'°$†( E5F" ?@A BC,D E5F" #F"G, ?H,³ ":™H
#F"G7 ?H ":™H 012(› 012(, \"]90Z

738
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 13/98

p:;2 345#/ (678 9:;)

<=>?/@:A q97 )l97 H8I( )I(J:


. uHDS? 3S (=QR
2.1 q97 KYBl#m)r )L5L8: st

Ù7 0™ žY ; !‡' 1³:AŒ7 Ù7. 0‹]Q ÂV2Q x’/7°[= AŒN# Ä Up,¡


x’/7I7 - 0ƒ2Z -

x’/á! ¥c7¨E2 ?h(GE2 ' x’‡á! ¥c7¨,=c, ?h(i=c #I2I5,


#I2I57 !+J
7 \"]9ƒ=g

E u/ °Ó(7 žY !+J
7 u/ 0I, °Ó(, 0# \"]90Z +!

¥c7¨› k6î, ?h(G› k64› ' ¥c7¨, k64, H¶S ?h(iQ k6ŒQ

°Ó(7 ° #h647 6#, °Ó(, #h64,!

k64› E 0/(3, #4/(/7 k64, 0Z=g 0/(/ ErI,, #h64,


#h647 0Z=g 0/(/ 4rI,

Ik<% k647 0#I27, #I27 0Õ*k64, 0#I2,, #h64, #I2, 0#


#h647 žY O„Û O„°DR \"]9Q_=Pg

(C2% E 0/(/7 I% I% u•Ã 0/(/ ErIš 0g 07¹ 0#I2, 0Z=g


0#I27 žY 0ZŠ?› ' žY 0ZŠ= ":ŠG, H¶S 0g ":I2+–":ŠG,R
":I2©–
G C„$†¹5› ' +=9Q_=Pg

0I› I§› 0#I2I57 u/ /cJ7 6N=, 07> 0#I2I5~ \‹]. S+J


, +!
!LI7 x/Y

+™7 !+J
7 #I2I57 žY? H& m7>RI #I2I5, \"]9ƒ=g?

°Ó(7 0+–
47 žY ø"
Û °Ó(E2 °Ó(, 0+–
4, 0# \‹] O„°DR °Ó(, a+b
#I2I57 ":{C|7 #I2I5, ":{C|, +!

2.2 Bl#m) #:A 3)L5L8/ (+>+:U1

#I2I5 0#I2Ã5 "4E]4 UŒC|p4< * EŠ1="4__?PQ -] #I2I5


[AŒN žn
0#I2I5,@ "4E]4 UŒC|p4<,@

739
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I§› u+{<á 9:;<Ç 07I UŒC|7 07>= -+¤ (0#I2I5,) 9:;<,=7> UŒC|,
x/Y +D>

[0=¡ 0#I2I5, 9:;<,=7> oE’>]

Ik<% ¥c7¨E2 ' ?h(GE2 ' 6N= ¥c7¨,=c H¶S ?h(i=c #$


#I2I57 u/ !LI7 x/Y EI27 #I2I5~ !LI, 0Z=g EI2~ 0# AŒN
u/ x/Y žY MÂ+› "&;4Y (0#I2I5,Z) "&;&7__?PQ

2.3 Bl#m) q97 !v/C

k64› ° g5Up› E !Bq+› 0Õ*k6ŒQ H4— j7Q Up,@ -


#ŒBq+› ' 1) !Bq Er°Q
2) !Bq 4r°Q

2.4 Bl#m) 'Ew HxL q97/

II:E !Bq+› k64› +™7 žY 07> !Bq Er°Q k6ŒQ m.*=¡

0UC2+7 0éD 642 64G dD7 0U2 F"`= E+D 642 64G dD, 0U2 BC~,
0U2 BC u/, = 0=2I: H&a+¤ 6>

[64G 642 dD, (cause and effect system)


?h(i# k64 0U2 !Bq. 0g 9:;<, a+b
-+b 0U2 BC,=7M +D>, žI4 ‰Q
BC,D7> w>]

Ik<% EHEJ0UC2 !Bq› k64› +Z+ EHEJ0UC2S !Bq ErI k6ŒQ, 0IQ
E 0/(/ u/ 0/(/ Er°,

E 0/(/¹5% 0/O27 0#I27 0/(/ ErI, /D= 0/O27 0#I2~ 0AZ


x/Y u/

E !Bq+ k6î /&W


I› * !Bq ErI k6ŒQ /&W
0n 7'90Z

2.5 Bl#m) 'Ew 7xL q97/

I&%#ŒBq+ k64› +™7 žY * 0=¡


0‹]Q #ŒBq+ k6ŒQ mn

#ŒBq+ k64› Y:Up› 9:;<U2 !Bq 4rI k6ŒQ ‰Q Up,@ -

740
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k64› ' f=7C k64 !xyI<+ 1) 9:;<U2 k6ŒQ


k64› ' žY 2) f=7C k6ŒQ
3) !xyI<+ k6ŒQ

Y:Up k64› 0ˆ ‹=› g5U5 x/Y, Ä ‰Q k64,@ #$ H4— j7Q Up,@


#I2 k6î ,+Jk64› ' žY 0AZ -
A) #I2 k64,
B) ,+Jk64,

#I2 k64EJK fC27I !=2› êO5I› )L5 q97 yz] fg H¶S 07I, w#g, êO5I,

!BE=y ú ,lJ
7 ’¹› Ãûô7 !BE=R m/Œ ,lJ\7>>î ‡Œ k64 /rM
k6î ,lJk64› q9{C

e}= fUh€3 x/Y,


IE2 0”78 d e=,R ,lJfUh€/, 0AZ, 0g
07> 0”78 d
E› 0ˆ êO5I› #$ êO5I~

,+Jk64EJK ˜L + žY 0}2 ,+Jk6ŒQ ˜L c8# Ë7CŒ 0þCŒ


/C7Y

êO5II57 +™7 žY 0•KI 0”78 * 0=¡, o7C9ƒ=


H& k+4I5, RI êO5II5, mn
"&34W#4YO( "4Š=7C øC| e={‘Y 0•KI, 0”78, "&34W
d , #4YO(, "4Š=7C,
æC|,+JE¹2I<+ 9:;< 6I=2 øC|, æC|, ,+J
, E¹2I<+, 9:;< 6I=27 +Z+
k64¹5%

#ŒBq+ k64E2 #I2I57 {C|7 !Bq 4rI k64,=c #I2I5, {g|7L=M 0AZ
u/

Ik<% u/ #ŒBq+ k64E2 07>RI} !Bq 4rI k+4,=c 0/(/ 4rI,


#4/(/¹5% k5q+7 0ˆ 74³ /D= k5q+7 (I=+7Õ µ7L=g, ÍÎ=g) #$
#4EJ7 u/ w#g¡} #Fˆ7'9ƒ=g

2.6 'Ew 7xL q97 !v/G| }F/ ~ €A

#4/(/7 9:;< 6I=27 žY E45 6I=2 9:;<, 0/(/ 4rI, 0# E45


!"#$°ª E45 êEì{
|7ÃV JDs E45 {
!"#$° |7I,D(7> U=9Q_=Pg
"(Ã
!

0™ ' UC2 0=7C °Óyü7 0Õ*UC2, f=7C H¶S °Ó(, BC,@ 0tC~
"(Ã
0tC u/ ! 0# U=9Q_=Pg

E45I:U2g k64 tC› +™7 žY? : UC2 ÐCDA BC,D7> k64 tC, mn
E45¹ *

741
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 16/98

0=¡

[ž7Ic ,7> \ˆ]= !Bq 4rI k64 Up,Ò=


9:;<UC2 k64,, f=7C k64,, !xyI<+
* 0=¡]
k64,D (7> tC, mn

EI27 u/ !+J
7 žY MÂ+› "&;4Y JDs {
(!"#$° |7“+&7'9ƒ=g) EI2~ \"]9ƒ=g
0# AŒN (0ZŠ=,Z) "&;&7__?PQ

:1}2= U2 k64›


U2 B :1=2,R (HT ?h(iQ) U2 k6ŒQ
U2 B

:1}2= f=7C k64›


f=7C B :1=2,R (HT ?h(iQ) f=7C
f=7C B
k6ŒQ

:1}2= !x( fI<+


!x( B :1=2,DR (HT ?h(iQ) !xyI<+
!x( B
k64› ' žY k6ŒQ

:1}2= 0I:tC u/, E t÷


B :1=2,R ŠI:~ ž+b8 tC,, /X
B J IIJK, "47¡
JI& 0tC u/
/X u tC, w> 0# \"]90Z

2.7 Bl#m) q97 )l&7 'oL?&/

x’/á! 0”78 0•KI "4Š=7C [ÂV2Q -] x’‡á! 0”78, 0•KI, "4Š=7C


D+–
G "479:;<G› k64#h64 D+–
i[= "49:;<c k64#h64,@ 0Z=U UŒC|
UŒC|p4< p4<,@ +!

UŒC|!xyI<+I57 +™7 žY UŒC|!xyI<+I5, mn


* oEAZ?

EI27 u/ žY AŒ› "&;4Y [AŒN -] (êEì,R #h


|&7'9ƒ=g) EI2~ 0# AŒN
(0ZŠ=,Z) "&;&7\Z [0g m.*=¡ -]

(* E45’IE2 #h64E2 u Up,¡ E45’°[=, #h6Œ[= HT‡SN


HT‡§› ' I% fI<+E2 I58 :+„Y+`=, U8ð(w#
H¶S f HT‡SMN=c B
"YÃ5= ":{C|E2 k64E2 E]4´ +Ƚ7_. 0Z ":{C|`= k64 AG,=c
HT‡S M/E2 ' 0tC u/ 0tC, /+ ("49:;<c k64#h64 UŒC|p4<,@)
"(Ã E45I:
! : 0tC~ U=9Q_=Pg
E45¹

(* "„9/2 fð?7 ‡2"+ u Up7¡ ‡2ˆ7LS7Q.ú OÓ4,@¡ +Ƚ=


OÓhü7 ' M/ Uåûü7 I% "„9U ÐCDA Uå$ D+–
G M/IDc ‡& ‡& Uå$
UD+–
G 0I 0^=P ‡2"+ D+–
G,D³ ‡2ˆ7LS7Q. 0Z 0"4L =P D+–
G,c
0"&L ?P› #¬‰&Jf64 M/¹› JD³ #ƒ k64 M/I@¡
0^=P,¡ IH a+b ‰Œ
"(7Ã E45I:
! : U=9Q_?Pî
E45¹

742
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 17/98

IC5% "49:;<G› Eh5Y<+E2 k64 0M Up,¡ "49:;< Eh5I<+,=c k64 #h64 tC


#h64 tCUî5 ?{Ju/ Uîp, w> 0#

UUp ULI:0=7I O©J


› "49:;<G› UUp ULI:0=7I OcJ@ +Ƚ= "49:;< (7>
e}= Uî5 = UC2Ã
E5F"d e=,R Uîp, (tC,) w>
E5F"d

I% 0zÍ EY 0=7I Uî5 UzY e=, RI}) 07I


# 0z/,=7> (0=¡ 0d
(x/Y) 0=7I Uîp, +@AZ

2.8 Bl#m) q97-)l&7/C H8‚2 yFƒ


/C

0™ ' hH+„û
Wg 0/¹ßV 0ˆ ˆH<. h,Q, +„V
WQ ÐCÒ= 0/¹4,D(7>
0•KI "4Š=7C D+–
G "49:;<G› #$ 0•KI, "4Š=7C D+–
G "49:;<c

"4HIIJK "4HUx/ 0ZE71=7 "4HIIJK (Ultimate Essence), "4HUx/ (Richness &


"(Ã E45I:
±5(Y u= ! Omniscience) 0ZE71=, ±5(~ ("49:;<
: U=9Q_=Pg
E7+D]~) 0# E45¹

E45 "&34W
E2 0•KI "4Š=7C Wƒl, 0•KI "4Š=7C D+–
E45 "&3ΠG "49:;<
D+–
G "49:;< /X
J=› l7 /+J
/27 IIJK,=c ‡EJ/,¡ uH# (žg D+–
G, 0# m—)
\"]’D,?

0=2* E45 "&34W


E2 "49:;<G› W[=
H&a+ Up,¡ (\"]/D{=œ), E45 "&3Œ
"4Š4‘
I› k647 U? ©/D "49:;< a+b "4Š4‘
,=c k64, 6c7$ ©/D
#h64I57 (% 0^HI7 #h64I57 ŠI:~ 0^HI`=œ

I&%©/D #h64E2 ’’=E2 ž/ 0‹]Q ©/D #h64`= Y+`= f6O,=c /+


"49:;</ 0ˆ ¬8I57 fBC2à "49:;<c #$ ¬8I5, fBg7'9QZ

Ik<% "49:;<G› "4Š4‘


I› 6N= "49:;< "4Š4‘
Ic k64#h64,@
|
k64#h64 E5z/{: E5z/{C|,@

2.9 ekBl#m) '„?" ) "/C

I*UpE2 0•KI "4Š=7C 0MUp7¡ 0•KI "4Š=7C D+–


i[=
D+–
GE2 fg?h(GE2 fg?h(i# a+b !}<$ #~$,@R (+Zj"]@
!}<$#~ûz27 Ý;_. ‰S.R)

‰D 0UC2 !C( {‘Y Dy ‰D 0UC2 a+b !C( {‘Y D(,@ +@A_=PU


d(7Ã

743
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 18/98

2.10 3!f5 e!l†2 &‡


K/

+L% f¹<hHE2 0éD [


0‹]8‹]Q f¹<h,[= 0éD (+6{ ^@
"&34W
E2 fg?h(GE2 fg?h(i=c ˆ8‰ŠSq7/‹ !}<$,
®5Ÿ Zkß% !}<ù d(à (+Zj"]@ Ý;_.) +@AZ
(x/Y)

Ik<% "49:;</ 0pEJ= BM E45 # Z7ƒ "49:;< a+b l


7g (0U2) BC,=7>
64ö ‰D 64G 0/2+JfUh€3 E45 64G,D7> ‰D 64G`= 0/2+JfUh€/,
x/Y (‰D ":+„Y) +@AZ

[NOTE: ž7Ic ,7> \ˆ]= Up,¡ 9:;<, a+b


?@A BC,Ds l
7gg 0U2 BC,]

Já ‰D fUh€3 ‰D
0/26 H¶S ‰D fUh€/ 0/2+J
, Z7ƒ ‰D 0UC2
0UC2 fUh€/› ' fUh€/HAZ

Ik<% u/ E› O9χ'27 9:;<U2 # (‰D 0UC2) Z7ƒ E› (I% = 0g) 0Z ("49:;<


O9D7 x/Y ÌL+) O9χL+ LI:`= /4W
,@ (AG,@) ’D
9:;<U2 O9D7 fU4€U7_Z

[NOTE: O9D 9:;<7 = EIJK4¬EJš Aü@ !Bq¡


+Ƚ= 0UC2 0} Š(s E% O9χ_2Q
I.E‘D+–
ü@ +Ƚ !=P ÄO5Œ, O9D 9:;<7
0#ˆ7_Ë?PQ]

I³ H;%, H;³ 0;764›, # (“E›” 0Z I.E‘9:;<U2 O9D7 a+b Y:AG,D



0;76h% "7' I?<¹ J, H;°
) Z7ƒ H;° Js 0;764,, 0;764,
Z7ƒ "7' I?<I:@ (O9Ï,, E]4´, F",, 4E,,
’7p,)

"7' I?<Ã:x2› "7'HT£¹# "7' I?<I:D Z7ƒ "7' HT£I,@

"7' HT£Ã<2 9:;< u+ BC7 "7' HT£I,D Z7ƒ 9:;<, a+b -+ BC,
‡2"J7 u+7 0U2 0787 d(à (0=¡ 0U2 BC,) ‡2"J` (having manifested and
expanded) -+ 0U2 078, ¬#7_Z

W[= fg?h(iQ → ®5Ÿ Zk4,¡ !}<$, → 0/2+J


"&3Œ , (‰D ":+„Y) → 0UC2
→ E› 0Z 9:;<U2 O9D7 (I.E‘,) H&S Y:AG,@ → H;°
J → 0;764, → "7'
I?<I:@ → "7' HT £I,@ → 0U2 078, → 0U2 078 ?h(iQ → Uh‚ →

744
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 19/98

0=7IÖ¤ 9:T<78,@ → -Ëb+b 9:T<78,s -Ëb+b ?h(iQ → -Ëb+b ?h(iQ


‘D Uh‚ → ":"7' fUh€/, H&S Uk
Z7ƒ Ì J4,

W[= fg?h(iQ” 0# Ä !"#$°


“I am That - }} "&3Œ Js ,Z<7>
p„¦+&7'9Q_=Pg."

2.11 !lŒ H8I( (=(:, e!l†2/

II:IIJK³ Aü“I øC|EIJKH§ 0+b8 (0U2 078, F",=) EI2,¡


—’„I #4YO( f=7C D+–
/ Aü“°Q, øC|EIJKHSQ, D 0} ’„;, +Ƚ=,
Š( !BqÖ ?h(G f±% #4YO( (k¤ w#) f=7C D+–
iQ, Š( 0} !Bq
+Ƚ= ?h(iQ !?PQ

E u/ #I2 "&34W
› BC U£Y WQ, ("49:;< a+b 0U2) BC
0I, #I2 "&3Œ
¥c7¨ ?h(G› U£Y ¥c7¨ ?h(iQ

E ' 0=7IÖ¤ 9:T<7$=7 !C( H¶S 0IQ 3@:LŽ <=Y?:;/C 'L`]Myz]


{‘Y Dyg 0éD 642 64G dD G#/C WXV, 3G 975 97J iG/@T
"4H 64G £³ HT Šy ‘G 97J ’gV , HT Š(c 0“°Q,
0“I› °Ó(› "4~O5î ¬(Y °ÓSQ, "4~O5ŒQ, ¬º7_‡Q

‘D Uh‚ E5F¾ d(Ã


Ik<% Ì ‘D Uh‚
0I# (0U2 078 ?h(i#) Z7ƒ Ì
E5F‹Q ¬#7_Z

E E45 64G ‰D Uh‚ E5F¾ 0IQ E45 64G ‰D Uh‚ E5F‹Q 0AZ
x/Y

à ‹Œ$ 0=7I 0l–


E› 0=7I ¯h 0IQ 0=7I`= Â4,@ +Ƚ= ("4H) ‹ŒVQ,
BÇ B÷ x/Y 0=7I`= +ZP@ R°@ BC,@ +D‡Q

0=7I O
/G› E457 f/„I2 Y$ÜY 0=7I`= \N@ +Ƚ, E45‰ f/&7L !7QZ

ŽG
E45 ‡2"Ö x/Y, EAG #Œ ŽG E5F‹Q 0AZ
E45 ‡2"cQ 0AZ, EAG #Œ
E5F¾ x/Y

e= 9D ˜O542 OlJì› E5F¾


d e= 9D ˜O542 OlJì E5F‹Q 0AZ
d
x/Y

UUp ULI:0=7I ¬’% f6î UUp ULI:0=7I ¬’% f64 F‹Q 0AZ
x/Y

#4YO( f=7CH( 0=7I "4H k¤w# f=7CHSQ, 0=7I "4H U£Y Eµ †R

745
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 20/98

U£Y EHû
†· Ux5 f6î x/Y E45 ‡2‹
JQ 0AZ

#4YO( #47cO E45¬eE45OlJE45 k¤w#‡Q, #47cøQ, E45äeQ, E45OlJ


HSQ,
#(7I„¹5g 0=7I +=2G AG E45,Z #(µ7_‡Q, 0=7I +=2G AG f6ŒQ
f6î x/Y 0AZ

‡Ÿ7 0Þ'4 0=7I g/2 Ã) h ‡cb=c 0Þ'4` 0=7I g/2 Ã)h f6ŒQ 0AZ
f6î x/Y
|DZ »È½7"RÌ
[0#P æ> J u æg|l Þ'4, 6c7$
!?PQ]

EHEJ0UC2 078 ‡2"Ö x/Y EHEJ0UC2 078 ‡2"c[ !?PQ

E ' 0=7I HT Šy H¶S 0IQ 0=7I HT Šy U—E,Dc


U—k?7 0qû
Ü= Uå$ #4YO( Ü=`, Uå$`= k¤w# 0•KI "4Š=7C D+–
0qû G
0•KI "4Š=7C D+–
G "49:;< "49:;< U—E U’
?Q 0AZ
U—E U’
> x/Y

0E2 u+ u+ îH#B7IßV žI# -Ëb+b îH#", Z7ƒ 0=7I Ö¤ 9:T<78,D


0=7I Ö¤ 9:T<7$# k
‘/hÇ ' ‘/h@ ¬#7_Z
k
d(7Ã

2.12 3:; Bl#m) S:“ H”•–5—M

ÃV 07,V Eß5V u+ u+ fy 0#P 9:T<78,D (7> -Ëb+b 078H7>


?h(G 0/¹î d(à -Ëb+b ?h(iQ ¬#7_Z

?h(ü% r4G2’î€ d(à ?h(i# Z7ƒ r4G2’Œ€Q ¬#7_Z

?h(ü% 078 Uh‚ E5F¾ ?h(i# Z7ƒ 078 Uh‚ E5F‹Q ¬#7_Z
d(Ã

?h(ü% 0éD s+ E:$†Ô ?h(i# Z7ƒ 0éD s+ E„ †R(’D ":d"°@


":d"I§ d(7Ã ¬#7_Z

:› '
?h(ü% u6CO Œ ã@ ¬#7_Z
H¶S ?h(i# Z7ƒ u6CO Œ>
d(7Ã

?h(ü% 0éD s6› ' d(7à H¶S ?h(i# Z7ƒ 0éD s6@ #$
¬#7_Z

?h(ü% ž7÷:d(à ãQ ¬#7_Z


?h(i# Z7ƒ ž7>

746
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 21/98

?h(ü% Eß5 M‡› ' d(7à H¶S ?h(i# Z7ƒ E45 M/I@ ¬#7_Z

?h(ü% 5CO fg¹2› Eß5 ?h(i# Z7ƒ 5CO fg°2@, E45 (0$†)
/E/› Eß5 @$(› Eh5Ç £¹# /XN@, E45 (E"J) @V@, 0#P ("7') £I,@,
Eh5Ç A77{ 0#P A7CXª@ ¬#7_Z

?h(ü M/ E,I]C27Ã, (Ä Up,¡ E45‰) ?h(G MN# Z7, A¡


?h(ü% ":/4J
7Ã, ?h(ö !I]YJ\7>Z, ?h(i# (7M ":/&J
7_Z,
":(7à ?h(i# (7M =, \7>Z

0™ #³2 0+–
4› "4H› E5h‚ Ä ?h(iQ #°2Q, 0+– †
ŒQ, "4`=‡Q, E5hn

9:T< ?h(G›, Â/› ' ?h(G› 9:;< (r4G2’Œ€Q) #$ ?h(iQ, ÂNQ #$


?h(iQ

O+
› ' ?h(G›, gO› ' ?h(G›, ãQ ?h(iQ, (?@A) gO@ H¶S (?@A)
ž7>
UgO› ' ?h(G› UgO@ ?h(iQ

[gO@ = North, South, East, West; UgO@ = North-


East, North-West, South-East, South-West]

6D› ' ?h(G›, +4< 0éD7 ' H¶S 6D, #$ ?h(iQ, H¶S 0éD +4<
?h(G› #$ ?h(iQ

‰4J0‰ßJ' ?h(G› ‰4J


, (Form) H¶S 0‰4J
, (Formless) #$
?h(iQ

64üI<ô7 E457 6h2I<ô7 E+D7 E45 64G,Dc ‰D,, E+D 642,Dc ‰D,
?h(G› ?h(iQ

I% !x( UD+–
/ ?h(G›, fy C57C5 UD+–
G,@ (p4<-0ph<@, X”-
"47)2Y›, E5":6OH(›, >›Á@, ̓-'È ÐCDA C57C5,@) ?h(iQ,
9:T<=7CH(› "47)2Y E5F‹Q, E5":6OHSQ,
9:T<=7CHSQ

#³2 #&5+s] #47¬¿ #hÁ2I› |Q,


#°2Q, #&5+@]Q, #47¬ZQ, #hÁ2°Q, ø>
ø÷|M/ uÖ ?h(G› MNQ, uÖ ?h(iQ

= g5“§ 0{J+ÂÅ%, = EŠ= I=c j78/g Ë7\`? w#‡Q, I=c EŠ=,


0q+ žY 0E7O(7 "4Š4‘
³( 0q+, w#‡Q 0# 0E7O(,¡ "4Š4‘
,Z
u/7 ÍC m/Q Ý@Xc7BÉ

JK E
E+D 9717 C¹5 H„°27 “h E+D (psychological) 97p,DZ Dg7L, H„°2NZ

747
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 22/98

,ÖJx/Y, E ,ÖJx/Y ¤ 0IQ ,cJQ 0AZ, 0IQ ,cJQ 0AZ!

( u/7 Ug¹5 E I7 !B®J m/Q Ä Up,¡ Ý@XËZ×, E f ?h(i#


‹Œ$› E› ?h(/ x/Y !B{7R ":(IP¯@Q, 0I, (f~) ?h(iQ
0AZ 0# \‹]_=Pg Ä !"#$%.

E ?h(/ x/Y žY !"#$% J.


0I, (f~) ?h(iQ, žg !"#$°

žY 0™45G HT?h(G žg 0™45G HT?h(G !"#$% (7> "49:;<


!"#$g "49:;<G› k64 #h64 a+b k+4 #h64 E5F" #F"G, 0Z ?H,
E5F" #F"G7 ?H g5“§ ’D j78/ 012(,.
012(›

‘;2 345#/ (678 9:;)

<=>?/@:A ‘G 3!f5 (=G# H8I(


)I(J:
3.1 (=(:, 'L`]M&‡
K/ D+:% (=QR

Ù7 0™ 1I:› I* žY ; !‡' Ù7. 0‹]Q ÂV2Q Ä Up,¡ 0ƒ2Z -

x’/á MÂ+ "4HIIJK¬eEU—E x’‡á! AŒM‡! "4HIIJKd


e! (9:;<, =7>)
HT‰D 0UC2 !C( +
H› E
$ŠI:,¡ 0UC2 !Cº7_ +
H, U/&7L?N
+9I›

I* ":"7' !I]YJ+
H› EC„) 0Õ*":"7', a+b !I]YJ+
H, u Up7¡ ¬&½=g?
x/Y, UåFG +™Ê(› Uå 7L U/&7_,

IE2 IIJK7 Íg°7 žŸ µ # a+b IIJK,Z Ý@XË=/+=# Ö&+


+ȽS?PZ

3.2 (=(:,/ )L5n? 3)L5n?

JK AŒ› žY !‡'
I* žY !6 0Õ*ÝÈõCZ 0# AŒN \õ]Z -

I* 0?g E45 ":"7œ C„O2Ã, #³2 Ä Up7¡ 0?g¡ +=9Q_=P E45 ":"7',
0#³2 žY E7O(2à #I2Š? 0#I2Š? 0} E7O(, +@A_=Pg

748
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 23/98

":"7œ 0ˆ g5U™› U2 ":"7'› ' ":"7', #$ j7Q Up,@ - 1) U2 ":"7', 2)
0U2 ":"7'› ' žY 0U2 ":"7', - 0#.

3.3 !f5 (=(:,/

U2 ":"7'E2 #I2I5ô7 {C|7 u/, U2 ":"7',=c #I2I5, {C|~, (m.*=¡) #I2
#I2 f=7C L% U—kI<+¹5% f=7C L% U—kI<+I5, RI!

0™ ' øC|æC|,+JEI2 f=7C H¶S øC|æC|,+JEI2 f=7C E5F", RI!


E5F"¹5% '

3.4 3!f5 (=(:, e!l†2/

0U2 ":"7'E2 #I2I57 0U2 ":"7',=c #I2I5Š 0#I2I5Š 0Z=g


0#I2I57 ‡ +™7 žY m.*=¡

":‡;³ #I2I57 /C7Y ©'= ":‡;, (continuity) RI #I2I5, D+–


GH# Ë7CŒ
\‹]>Œ

":.yg+7 !
"(ŠG¹5% fg ":D(,@ U=9Q.RI 0#I2I2, D+–
GH#
0#I2I57 /C7Y 0}2 ž7Ë7CŒ \‹]>Œ

!x(› = x/Y, ‹=› +™7 žY Ä j7Q D+–


G,@ cC4N, H& 0g m.*=¡ -

E7Ö' U6kI<+ HTŠy 0U2 U—E,RI E45‰ #$ E7Ö',


U—kI<+ u/ Eî5 0ˆ 0U2 (contraction) H¶S U6E, (expansion) +Ƚ=
U—E¹5% HTŠy U—kI<+~

[The Big Bang Theory of Modern Astro Physics draws


observations from capturing the oldest light with
available instruments, estimates the age, and claims
that the Universe, we know today, started in a small
(mysterious) singularity with a big bang (i.e. all of a
sudden emergence as if from nowhere) and has been
expanding continuously over 13.8 billions of years.

Around Bing Bang Theory, there are other active


proposals in the Modern Astro Physics that the
Universe must have been oscillating, i.e expanding

749
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 24/98

and contracting continuously.

In Vedanta philosophy, like the Modern Astro Physics,


there are various proposals about cosmic evolution
and the nature of the Universe. However, unlike Astro
Physics, the subject of Vedanta Philosophy stresses
and focuses more on the questions related to the
Intelligence supporting the Universe (Experience), the
Experiencer and the Experiencing itself more than the
details of cosmic evolution.

In the current context, the Universe is explained as


playful projection within the Absolute Consciousness
by virtue of the concept of Maya.]

I% +™7 žY, u+7 u/ 0g5“(7 * 0=¡ - 9:;<, u+~, 0g 0g5“(,.


0g mn
9:;<, = ž; ?? 0{Jl7'= ž+b8 uð Ë7\`=Z ?? 4+,@¡ w>

Ik<% 9:;< /2Y&+J


7 E457 qI7 +Z+ 9:;<,=c /2Y&+J
`=g E45‰ qI~
u/
[0=¡ ":"7', 9:;<,=c ͌¡ !=Pg 0# 0#=œ
9:;<, a+b u+I5 0g5“( D+–
G,=c oE’>]

EI27 u/ "47 9:;< EI2~ (ug !=P÷ 0M) "4 9:;<,

e=7 0=7I7 9:;<


EI27 d 9:;<, EI27, d
e=7, 0=7I7

3.5 3!f5 (=(:, '(H:Y7/

II› E› U—E ‰D 0UC2 f 9:;<,=7> (L%) U—E (playful) ‰D 0UC2


!"E7T4 +
H› +™7 žY !"E7T4 (the act of withdrawing) +
H, m¤†C=¡

0Y fC4 345+7 0Y ;ßà


G MÂ+ 0Y fC4345+,¡, 0I27I ;4à *
,³ AŒN žn
!"MOY ²q7__?PQ

:Ç 9:;</ g=7
'°› S’ E;k ?@A ÍD S’,@ 9:;<c (r4G2’Œ€=c) -+ "’@
x/Y 0AZ

¹/¹ 6w= ‹=› IE2 hY:› x/Y 0M 6D ":ŠG, H4— -+ hY:0AZ

M5 0>hÃ:u+7 g=7 x/Y -+ hY:-+ "’@ +Ȉ -+ g=, 0AZ

750
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 25/98

I{<á u+{<á g} fEI2 s6?7 0¤†-+b îäs EI2 s+, /4c 0#P s+,Dc !C(
!C( {‘Y Dy d(7à {‘Y D(,@ ¬ŒAZ

"7' CO g?# "֖x/Y "+– "gèZ îä@ "+–


, 0AZ, j7Q "+–
,@ -+
C5(7 ŠG x/Y ŠE, 0AZ

ŠE C5(7 @°› x/Y @° j7Q ŠE,@ @°N 0AZ, ‰Q @°N@


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5.1 3!f5 ˜@¦ ˜@¦ (=§kL/

;&› Ù7. 0™ Âù2 /CY AŒ7 ;&› Ù7. ˆH<. ÂV2Q =HEb&7L x’/7°[=
x’/7I7 =H› +„I2 AŒNZ 0ƒ2Z -

x’/á! Eh5I<? =û
†y 0U2› x’‡á! (fI<s =`) 3&J
¡ =Â7L= 0UC2 H4—
‹=› !C(› +™7? * !Cº7L=g?
mn

EI27 u/ žY AŒ› žY ; !‡' (0g) EI2~ 0# AŒN Ä Up,¡ \õ]Z -

:/„‚ 6w B
B :47t (* H7Y+ à 6D B
/h :47x,=7> u Up,¡ +"]@ ÐCÒ=U
:>h€/›
fð?7 B !C€U7_¿

IC5% Eh5I<? =û
†y f Up,¡ 3&J
¡ =Â7L= 0UC2 (fg?h(i#)
0U2y !}<$ 6w ‹=› !C§ !}<$ (+Zj"]@ ÝM_.) 6D,s H4—
x/Y !Cº7_. ¬ŒAZ

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5.2 ¥&¡
'E#/ ~k?

x’/á! +™7 ؇?7 0?g E7k4 x’‡á! u Up7¡ ØNDc 0?gÑ= E7k4 x:H
x:H›? +@A_=Pg?

I% #/„YJ› ‡ +™7 žY Ö ‡? # #/„YJu Up,¡ +@AZ?

+™7 š+–
Š4Ž
7 E5F"7 '? š+–
Š4ŽE5F", m¤†g?

š+–kp=7 +™7 žY Ö ‡ š+– š+–kp=, w+ š+–!B(, m¤†g?


!B(›?

EC„O7 š+–E5F"7 6 ‡ kS¬2 š+–E5F", u Up,¡ !7QZ w+ ug kS¬2


,lJ
›? ("49:;<,s =HA) ,lJ
?

['°&5p ,cJ@ = E5s+¹, Ev"¹, E5F"¹,


kS¬2¹]

uI% E457 IIJKI› +™Ê(7 žY Ä E45 IIJK, \"]C½=g - 0# 0ƒ2Z

0Y fC4 345+7 0Y ;ßà


G Â$ 27 0Y fC4345+,¡ 0Y ;4à
,³ ÂV2#
"(¹7
9ÿ+„I2 AŒ› /CY, ! * \õ]Z -
(c\;D,Z) H_ÅËZ× AŒN žn
k/1}= k/1=,¡ UZ,!

5.3 HB <G/

cYªI 0=7I ¬?<^ 0EJ0I27I ’Y7L= 0=7I`= cYªI ¬=<D Z7ƒ !IbÔ$†`=
!IbÔ$†UUp ULI:0=7I >$ b4< UUp ULI:0=7I >$ b4< ‡E? dD Uå$,@ /D=
‡E?dD Uå]› MTI< UÍÖ = MTI< UÍ+, +@’>
d(Ã

Ik<% u/ C„çI4 MTI< x:š 07>RI} C„çI4`= MTI< (M;~ }Z) x:H
x/Y +@AZ

0;7 0¬e›, l7LÀ )e0;7, 0;7 e##, }Z E5D]äe8Z, }Z ("&µI) ØNQZ,


}Z 0d
Ø3, 0;7 0I27I >›”6î, 0;7 }Z 0I27I >›”6Œ8Z, }Z 0?g E7k&# 0}
0?g E7k& žY x:H ‡E? x:H a+b ‡E? 9D, RI E7k4,=7M ":/„YJ
9—% E7k4 u/ ":/„YJ› I% +@A_=Pg, # #/„YJl !B(, ³_.w>
#/„YJ!B(› + 0ˆ = UC2Ã

µ*2 £¹á E5"P °—2% U$( µ*2 £I,@, E5"P °D2,Ò= U$( <’,@
<¡á 0Z£( UU1á 0ZxU7L UUp,@, 0E7Á2+,@, 0Y

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0E7Á2á 0Y >4*
z% H¿4*á >4*
x,Ò= H¿4™,@, #47I4,¡ fO@
0=/4I7 fêE2Š=› 0I„"J› E +Ƚ=‡[ I„ˆJw#‡[ "ŒA@ “SZ
"&1/Y

UUp ULI:Ì
‘D Ì+–
­ !IbÔ$† UUp,Ò= ULI:,Ò= Ì
‘D, Ì+–
­, !IbÔ$†, #+„$†
#+„$†0=7I MTá "&’„;2 0=7I M;,@ "&’
r7L

I% I% M; UrI UUp ULI: fy M; UrI,Ò= UUp ULI:0}+ øx 0øx


:49|+h<Ç
0}+ øx 0øx B :49|+4<DZ 0ZxU7L
B
0Z£(

I% I% +4< ¸D ‡E? dD ‡{I †c=P


fy +4<¸D ‡E? dD, ^Q +n
07I›+4ü?7 07I›+4G,D7>

‹=› ‹=› I% +4< ¸D U$( H4D H4— f +4< ¸D U$( ":/„°


Jw ¬#7_Z
":/„YJ› u/ d(Ã

E7k4 #/„YJŠ4Ž":/„YJ› 0ˆ = E7k4 #/„YJŠ4Ž":/„YJ#$ +@’>


d(Ã

Ik<% 0#$†7 u/ ž$†7 ž/ UzY, 07> /D= 0º$†~ ž$†, /+ z{7_Z, ž$†~
ž$†7 u/ 0#$†7 ž/ zY 0º$†, /+ z{7_Z

0?g E7k4 U"ÓI x:Š% 0?gÑ= E7k4 U"ÓI x:H /D= Ä Up,¡
¬ŒAZ

Ik<% Eß5û7 ؇?7 ž$†U$ú 07>/D= E45 Ø/hXDc U$(,D7> ž$†æg|,


æg|› X” æg|› >›” æg|› ' X” æg|H¶S >›” æg|+@AZ
x/Y

"4Š4‘
I› 0qI 9:;< X” EI2, ("4Š4‘ JND RI)
,), (MO 6D /X
U$( ":/„YJ› u/ = d(à 0qI`= 9:;< X” U$( ":/„YJuŠI:‰
+@’>

5.4 <=>? ‚2/ s:AT &CD1€A?

e= 0z‡% I% +™7
I% E5F" d I% (9:;<,) a+b E5F" d
e= 0z/, /D= ž+ 0g
žY (9:;<X”, o7C/+=Z ":/„YJ) m7>c +@AZ?
[+@’> +! 0# z/,]

= UC2à +™7 97p› +™7 š+–žY 97p, m¤†g? š+–


, m¤†g? 0Z fs'= +@’>

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UŸ4 0z‡% ' (m7>/D= 0=¡) UŸ4 0z/, /D= (UŸ4G


R(+¾/.7 /D=)

e= B
I% +™7 žY 0d :9—2% e= B
H& 0g m7>/D=? 0=¡ 0d :9D2, /D=

e= B
+k<% 0d :9D27 žY e= B
m7>RI 0d :9D2, 0=¡

xlJd
e= ¥h’2 ‡E? 0z‡% ' xlJd
e= ¥h’2,D ‡E? 0z/, /D=, H¶S

I% 0z/› +™7 žY ‡# 0z/, m7>RI 0=¡

0Y 07I›+4G ŠÈ=2 Uåû% 0I27I 07I›+4G ŠÈ=2 Uå$, RI

0E% E7k4 IŒG !B(› +™7 *


H& 0E% E7k4, Z7ƒ I&7_ !B(, mn
žY 0=¡

MÂ+› I7 u/ +™(Y AŒN 0M ž+b8 UU&7__?PQ

5.5 <=>? ‚2/ s˜`V &CDS?

E+D ÍC êEì{
|7I 4;E27 ¬=< E+D ÍC êEì{
|7I 4;E2 0z2E ¬=< +Ƚ=‡#l
0x2EJ

0I27I !IbÔ$†X+„I "&B+/ê% 0I27I !IbÔ$†X+„I +4< "&B+, /D= E°]ŒVD


Eg€› E7Þ d(à k7’I2, +@AZ

Ik<% Uq #Fp UÍÖ x/Y # /D= Uq #Fp,D (ug R(/D{=g, ug


R(#8#g 0Z) UÍ+, +@AZ

II› EŸ4 ":/„YJ› d(à #³ EŸ4 ":/„YJ+@AZ

EŸh% 0éD >&I +–


§ x/Y EŸ4, /D= 0éD B" +–
(, +@AZ

Ik<% 07I›+4G7 0Y UHD7 # /D= 07I›+4G, 0Y UHD, 0AZ


x/Y

ŽŒ +B+–
II› E> 7 07I›+4G7 ŽŒ +B+–
07>R E> ,Z 07I›+4G, ֌ËZZ
f67+–
Y

ŽŒ +B+–wO UåFG E45


Ik<% E> ŽŒ +B+–wO Uå$, RI E45 {>
07> /D= E> |@
{C|(› {C|7Y, E45 971› {g|7_Z, E45 97p,@ A¡ =Â7_Z
":U=O27Y

å
§ U_P› Eß5 ":D(7 y7Y å
(Xª@ H¶S UýP,@ E45, (‡¤ ".*fElJ
)
":D(, \7>Z

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Eh5Ç å
y7{ E5(7 u/ y7Y E45 å
(Xª@ E5(,¡} /LÅ RŒZ

e=7 =
(* dY 07pE2 E5F" d †+³ A
u Up,¡ ‹n " ƒ` e=,
‡#l I= (Y+) F" d
UC2Ã !78÷

I* AŒ !"Må= U? +D]Ö¤Oa› 0M Up,¡ AŒN !"MO, wc7$ OIÖ¤


0ˆ IIJKd
e=7 = d(Ã +D],Dc #$ IIJKd
e=, +@’>

ŽŒ +B+–wO Uåûü
Ik<% E> ŽŒ +B+–wO Uå$,R 0L4 6D,s} IIJK
+Z+ E>
0Lh% u/ IIJKd
e=7 x/Y e=, +@AZ
d

5.6 <=>? ‚2/ u:A !v/

ŽŒ +B֖x/Y I
( E> ŽŒ +B+–
m‹]Q E> , +@A¿ 0‹]Q x’/7°#
x’/% +* O
/G12?: O
| +*O
/G 12?>D (7> O
C|+@AZ
d(Ã

Ik<% ;„C( {‘I 0?g #RI ;„C( {‘I` 0?g¡ !=P >h5E? ’
79
>h5E? ’
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I³ ;„C( {‘¹› 6Š› Eß5 0‹]Q ;„C( {‘I,Ò= E45 6H,@ U?OHAZ
U=O27Y

Ik<% ;„C( ‹78Ó+ +&W


6y7 #RI ;„C( ‹78Ó+ +&W
+, (7> "4ŠI<
"4ŠI< fUh€3 x/Y fUh€/, 0AZ (0=¡ "4ŠI< C4´= z/,
":+¤IHAZ)

I³ C„çIh ¥$W¦ xlJ


› d(à 0‹]Q C„çI4`= ¥$W¦ xlJ¬#7_Z

I³ ¥h’27 !MY 07I. ¥h’2, +@AZ

¥h¡2% æg|Ud
e= fUh€3 x/Y ¥h’2, /D= æg|Ud
e= fUh€/HAZ

e=7 +
0z2k% I% d ~G "&"+57 e=, +
0z2E, /D= f d ~ü "&"+5HAZ
x/Y

e?% Ø/Z<ÖJx/Y
"+5 Ud e=, /D= Ø/Z<lJ+@AZ
"+5`= Ud

II› øx 0øx +h<Ç Eh5Ç E 0‹]Q øx 0øx +4<@ 0ÊP ‡E=D³ ET =Â7_Z
‡E?# =O27Y

I³ C„çI4 øC|kYJK+ ‡E=y 07I. C„çI4`= øC|kY5+ ‡E=R xlJ0YO(,


xlJ0YO§ x/Y +@AZ

xlJ0YOú= ?h(G› E45H(› xlJ0YO(,RI E45HS[= ?h(iQ E45

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‘X ":UzY
Eh5/k 0/E‘D (7> '+b¡ z{7_Z

Eh5Ç ¬’7Y ?h(GHy# E45 ¬’,@ ?h(GH(,@¡ z{7_Z,


":Uz7Y, ?h(G /2Y&+J
7= ?h(i#l /2Y&+J
, Ë7\`? w>
l7L% 0{J

žY uI% æ15 U;4Y !BE+› Ä U$(,Z ’ :


r7L !BEcQ E45¹
E45I: (9:T<=7C,=) U;&7_Z

5.7 <=>? i
j ) ¨]& O>/S ©‰Š678&/‹ 2FC1

#47I4 EŠq "47"h^› ¬’ðO54 #47I4 EŠq "47"4DR (9:T<Zx/,DR) ¬’ðO54


f6h› E45I:E45 0/k
‘X : E45 0/E‘D(7> z{7_Z
f64,@ E45¹
":Uz7Y [z{7_=C7¹ ÄO5Œ,=# #OÅ(7 +@AZ]

0E2 HT‹Œ$E2 +5L% +5L% –¹b4,


Ä HT‹ŒV=c 0‹]8‹]Q ÄO54 k6
–¹bî x/Y
ÄO54 k6 0AZ

0E2 M;¹2’ žŸ ( x/Y žI#l m‹]Q M;¹2’ ž' +@A¿ 0‹]Q ¥c7¨
I ¥c7¨ B4à
› Eß5 ‡X@ 07CF /\ÅCŒ
EŠy7Y

I³ x’/À 12= 345+7 ;„C( 07I. x’/7°# 12= 345+,¡ ;„C( +HD,
+Hw /2//{‘I7 f¹<=7 (7> /2/{‘I`= fI<Z I= 07IhI<Z A¡
E5H7Ih¹<=7 E7L7I2 L7Y7_×

EH2X !"ŸÎ› 0x24Å· EÎ= !"Ÿ4,D³ 3Ú7L ;7E H7I:,Z


;7EH7I:7 !'Å4á Eh5Ç 5hÇ !'Å&7_× E45 (ž7g:() 54,@ E7(H=,
E7(H2 R{

[;7E H7I:, - Gb;7 Y4’Í{=œ 0;7 E› (I am


That), 0M ;7E H7I:,]

EH2X H¿ #Œp2 ' ¢4|


Kc= A¡ H=XªZ #îq7L H¶S M;,s 'l
‡S? E; ":GÍ= ":G/ '&7_ ‡SN³ ET Ù764,³ ":G‡4‘
,Z
0ZE71=345+7 Od› Od› 0ZE71=, RS× þH<g þH<g¡ 9:;< 47p:,
f9:;<471
:% U#4Ž
I2 :GOlJ
Z7ƒ (B ) 9(.c »8È

Gb;7 žY H7Ã:G 5CO 07I Gb;7 (E› 0;7 = 0gú }Z) 0Z H7I:,³
{‘I "4Š¹<=7 uE+„I2 "7' "þP7Q '+
,D L/4 {‘I` !=P "4ŠI<³ u+, R{
!"ŸÎ› 0x24Å· "7' !"Ÿ4,D³ fhq7L

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‹=› G;7 žY H7Ã:G ù8O H4D Gz;7 0} H7I:,³ "CTŒ "C,D L/4
07I {‘I d
e?¹<=7 uE+„I2 {‘I`= d
e?I<³ u+, R{

:+„I
EH2X !"ŸÎ› 0x24Å· B :+„I`=
A¡ (z/=s) !"Ÿ4,DR 3Ú7L B
345 M;7 "&I2¬2 345 M;,Z I2Ú7L

5.8 <=>? ‚2/| ª7ƒ


N|& (#@/

‹4›+È]I H7I:H( øC|9:;< * H7I:H(, øC|9:;<


ž7Ic ,7> +È]7'9ƒ=n
Ã)H( #4YO( f=7CH( Ã)H(, #4YO(, f=7CH( HTUV
W kF"2
W kF"2 U’
HTUV ;7 "&’„;2 U’ e=H( È7’ OÓ4,Z) "&’
;7 (d r7L

Ì42H78D 07I4Ž
I 0=7I g/2 Ì42H78D 07I4Ž
I,¡ 0=7I g/2 '4G 04U7C
'4G 04U7C 07A$Ü#4Ž
I 07A$Ü,= ":+¤I`= #4YO( f=7CH( 0H4
#4YO( f=7CH( 0H4 =ð (fI< Ã) 67Y) =ð ":‡;,Z f+&à
7L
":‡;7 f+„$ 2

z/=y 0I:kP¹5 /Eìfx4üg z/=R 0+b8 kP=, R{ /Eì,, fx4G,@


!"ŸÎ› fI<3d7 U1( ÐCDA !"Ÿ4,D³ fI<3¬Z R(/+Z

–% ?h(/ £¹5
k6 ¡
«S q9 M Bl#m¬ 3­
g

I³ AŒ =Hkb4 345+7 ":G/ IŒ‡I AŒ =Hkb4 345+,¡ ":G/ ’ŒQ#


’Œ87 12¹5 12#7L

12}= fUF€I HT":G/ ’Œ87 12=,s 0UF€I`= HT":G/ ’ŒQ# "7'


"7' !"ŸÎ› fhp2 !"Ÿ4,DR fhq7L

AŒ 0Z¬ey ":Cl–
G =Hkb4 AŒN 0Z¬eR ":Cl–
G =Hkb4 345+,¡ ":G/
345+7 ":G/ ’Œ87 fŒ;2 ’ŒQ# 0qîr7L

W› EHEJ0k14G
HTUù WN a+b EHEJ0k14G L;P,D³
HTUV
L;PLrP³ JD³) ¹} ":+¤°[
(AŒ

W› EHEJ0k14G
HTUù WN a+b EHEJ0k14G g/2 £$G,D³
HTUV
g/2£$e› £ I XC4´= 0D7+&7'9ƒ= XC4´= ‹ŒV# ,7> !7L
‹Œ$7 ‹4EbÔI2

U$ 5©ª= "&Bȳ ¥c7¨ B4à


•› U$ 5©ª= "&BÈ°[ ¥c7¨ E‰;,³ "&Í †°[
"&Í †³ =<Š4Ž
7 fUO2 f6O Š4Ž
,= ":ÍÂ7L

B4´KC5( {‘I 0}+ ‹G2s6á j7Q ":+bD !=P 0}+ ‹G2 s+,@ 0Y+
µ7L
0Y+
H2

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II:a·› ‹G2‹Œ]› 0^3ÚI› 0+b8 !=P ‹G2‹ŒVDZ 3Ú7L ‡&R 3Ú7'9ƒ,


EI2s+7 fUO2 9:T<G7 0x24Å· EI2 s+, ":ÍÂ7L 9:;<Z 3Ú7L 9:;<R H¶S
9:;<ü ' EI2s+ ‡{^› EÎK› EI2s+ ‡X@ 07C&R 3Ú7'9ƒ
0^3ÚI›

5.9 <=>? ‚2/| ©:9 ª7ƒ


N|& (#@/

f/7 Äê= P/D27 fkC2 12¹5 fN# Äê= P/D2, o7g, ÂN# 12#7L,
Â/7 0x24Å· Â/’e› Eß5 ÂÍ= ' Â/’G,@ EŒ5DR H¶S ÂN#R 3Ú7'9ƒ
0^ 3Ú³

H;&àH78—á 0Y+
H2 Ì42 H;&àH78D,DZ 0Y+
µ7L, Ì42 '7C:
GH H78w ^¹5 H78D,DZ tg7L

ED+ ?h(G7 12¹5 (12=) ED+ ?h(i# 12#7L, p„/ H78D, a+b
p„/H78DE2 C4´=7 +„¹5 C4´=, R{, x’/7°[= p„N# 3Ú7L
x’/7I7 p„/7 0^3¬2

II› Â7øŠ4 '+


7 U^C2 ˆH<. Â7øŠ4 '+
,Z tg7L, Â7øŠ4 ":d"Y#
Â7øŠ4 ":d"Y7 0x24Å· 3Ú7L

'+
Hp2’I7 Eh5147 E?I=7 '+
Hp2’°# Eh51Œ# E?°# HTUV
WN#
HTUV
W7 fhp2 Ã= 3ÚI› fhq7L f ?h(i#R 3Ú7'9ƒ

II !"& !"& ’¹5 "4Š=7C7 #+?P ''l »¼*"4Š=7C, o7g ":6Â7_Z


:"2 ":6OÃ
B

I³ ¥c7¨ ‡{=› Eß5 EŠy7Y 0‹]Q ¥c7¨‡X@ 07CF (f 0Z£Ys) /\ÅCŒ

¹á Eh57 ° E73¬2a› EÎK› ‡& 07C&Ê 3Ú7L ‡& 07C&R 3Ú7'9ƒ


0^3ÚI› ' !"& !"& ’¹5 H¶S 'l 'l »¼*

:"2 II:kP¹5 x’/%


U4d =ð7 B U4d =g# o7g 0+b8 kP=, f'&7L x’/%
12= 345+7 ‹=› #H¬g· 12=345+,¡ H4— ,#½

II:0"7h+„I £I !I‘ 0+b8 0"7h+„I £I,R #&<I`= Ì+–


­ 07’,,
–­7’7 <’kp=7 Ì+–
Ì6 ­ OÓ47 <’ kp=, 0º= Ì+–
­ OÓ4,Z /gÈÍ{
!IªÔ¬2

©/D H7I:H( g/2 Ã)H( ©/D H7I:H( g/2 Ã)H( #4YO( f=7CH(
#4YO( f=7CH( HTUV
W W E5F", /7¤ U’
HTUV ;, (f64,)
kF"2 U’
;7 "&’„;2 "&’
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II !=<¬g· fI< 3d7 U1( 07> Ä>—ƒ, fI<3¬Z R{, ":Cl–


G =Hkb4
":Cl–
G =Hkb4 345+7 9:;<H( 345+,¡ 9:;<H( ¥c7¨, ":ÍÂ7L
¥c7¨7 fUO2

5.10 <=>? ‚2/| ©:9 ©:9 ª7ƒ


N|& (#@/

II:› ¹á UåFG E73¬2 I% Hò2 0+b8 ‡&# Uå$,¡ 3Ú7L ‡& Hp2=
'

9:T<=7CH( 0=7I B
:64 9:T<=7CH(`= 0=7I B
:64 ³4G,@ +Ƚ=
:kC ³4G UŠ= !"/= /^›
B UŠ=,@ H¶S !"/=,D /ŒEDs

¬5D› ”Λ !"Dl–


³ #Œ"H #I2 ":6Â7_ ”4,³ A&J
7"C½= #Œ"Š=, #4YO(,
#4/C2 #4YO( #4/q+ #4/q+ 9:T<=7C 0'D, UhÚ@
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# Hp2 k ,
":¬5DY ":¬5È7_Z

I% ' 0"&L =P 0=7I g/2Ã)h H¶S 0g 0"&L =P 0=7I g/2Ã)h f64,


f647

I% 0x27Iß H; f=7C "C7 # Hp2,= HT f=7C "C, z{7__=Pg


UzY

I% +&W
6y7 Ì42 ž7> # +&W
+(7> Ì42 '7C:ž7C:H78—@
/rPH78—# L=<y# ¬5D7Y L=<(,@ ¬5È7__=PU

II:!"D+–
·Ã #4YO( 0+b8 !"D+–
·,¡ (to be understood by inference)
g/2Ã)h› #4YO( g/2 Ã)h !=Pg

[!"D+–
·,¡ 0=¡ 0g ":I2+– –ND³Z,
,¡ '4<'c
H=Xª³Z C&´7_=g 6>, ©/D, §’ !BE?
e=}I:,³ 0/sl7L C&´7'/D{=
"h6$Ü¡ d
"C,]

‘} S’"À
I% 0x27I4 E7k ‘=,= -©k& !Cº7L= 0=7I Ö¤
# Hp2 E7k
!gI 0=7I Ö¤ 4U ":6O› XC4´= 4U ":6O, ’D XC4´= ‹ŒVQ UhÚ@
*Z
‹Œù Uh¬Ã

XC4´= ‹Œù HTUV


W› u/ f XC4´= ‹ŒVQ HTUV
WÍ!

z@/S u:A1
7.5 3 NL q

W› EHEJ0k14G L;P
HTUù WN EHEJ0k14G L;P LrP°Q
HTUV
LrPI› (L;P,DR ÌL7_9Q‡Q)

784
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 59/98

u/7 !BE+› XC4´= ‹Œ$7 Ä Up,¡ !BEcQ XC4´= ‹ŒV# 12#7L


12¹5 UUp !"ŸÎ› fhp2 UUp !"Ÿ4,DR fhq7L ":Cl–
G =Hkb4,@
":Cl–
G =Hkbh% U1( R{

!BE+› Ã= 0^3ÚI› I% !BEcQ f(=R ":Y3Ú°[, f(=R 0Z¬e


eI› !"& !"& ’¹5
0Zd o7C9ƒ=‡[, ž76 'l 'l »¼*

"4H f=7CHy% 0=7I "4H f=7CHSÒ= 0=7I ¥c7¨,DZ 0/sl7L


¥c7i% 0/s+2 !BE+› !BEcQ "4Š=7C,Z o7>Z
:"
"4Š=7C7 B

II !"& UUp ULI:0=7I L% 0n '= UUp ULI:0=7I L% U—E U£Y


U—E U£Y Uåûá 0Y+
H2 Uå$,DZ 0Y+
µ7L

0=7I "4Š=7C U£Y EH † 0=7I "4Š=7C U£Y EH †Uå$,DZ


Uåûá

:%
0=7I #4YO( f=7C E, 0=7I #4YO( f=7C E,C:,DZ ¤ !BEcQ
0“I2 !BE+› +
~G 0•KI + ‘=,Z o7>Z
~ü 0•KI E7k
‘=7 B
E7k :"

z@ 27[
7.6 3 NL q @

‘=7
+™7 0•KI7 k ‘=, mn
0•KI k *=Pg 0=¡

0”78 f=7C E5F"7 0#h5'27 0”78 f=7C E5F",, 0#h5'2,, 0µI ²p


0µI ²p k’47 0µI f=7C k’4,, 0µI f=7C E,C:,
E,C:7

Ud“( Uå$ U/&gI7 Ed“( Ud“( Uå$ U/&gI,, Ed“( Uå$ Uå I,


Uå$ Uå I7
J=P /X
[0=¡ Í; Í;¡ +#ˆX J U$(,D tC
‘=,, -© “Œ’Z=P
Uå$,DÊP u+F", \7> k
‡¤ Uå$,D ‰D IIJK`= k
‘=,]

#4/(/7 #h147 #&5647 #4/(/,, #h14,, #&564,, #47¬=,


#47¬=7

0=7I 9:T<=7C EH †+7C7 0=7I 9:T<=7C EH †+7C, (the root of entirety)

"4H L% U—E EH †f647 "4H L% U—E EH †f64,

#4<D7 #4/C27 #hO


(7 #4<D,, #4/C2, (unobjectionable), #hO
(,

785
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 60/98

0Y #4<D 0=7I Ö¤ U":6O u+ 0Y #4<D 0=7I Ö¤ Uå$ ":6O u+ XL. (U+{7L


XL. È7’7 UEJ&7L=) È7’, (L;P,)

0=7I !"#$% 04‘E5F"7 0éD 0=7I !"#$% 04‘E5F",, 0éD ":ŠG 0“I,
":ŠG 0“I7

H¿ ‡Ÿ7 0Þ'47, #I2 ,+J H¿ ‡cbDc 0Þ'4,, #I2 ,+JE5F",,


E5F"7, 0?147, fg Hp2 07I 0?14,, fg Hp2 07I, w#g
!=27

–­%
P/D27, "4H7, ê7I7, Ì6 P/D2,, "4H7, ê7I,, Ì+–
­,Ds 0I27I
Ì+–
­ I47, H;³ H;IJ47 Ì+– J +7Õ H;IJ47
­,, H;°

0"&µI f=7C Uå$7, øC|²p 0"&µI f=7C Uå$,, øC|²p f=7C U£Y
f=7C U£Y Uå$7 Uå$,

0=7I f=7C U£Y Uå$ EH † 0=7I f=7C U£Y Uå$ EH †F",


F"7

0+–
47, 0#ßÏ
O27, #.E‘7, 0'D7, 0+–
4,, 0#ßÏ
O2,, #.E‘,, 0'D,, ó
ã/,,
ã/7, 0gcÏ
ó O6D7 gcb@ MO, 6D, w#g

07I4 9r› ' I% E457 ‡2"2 07I4,= H¶S ;2,= ³__=PC7¹


"&34W
7 ‡2ˆ7L "&34W
` !=Pg

"4H §½^› UH„’27 "4H §ADR 0}5 7"9Q=g

JI› "&R C 4rI7


MOI› 6D³ /X JN (object)
MO, (space) RI, 6D, (time) RI, /X
RI "&R C 4rI,

#47I4 0^=/7, #I2 "&34W


7, #47I4, ˁ
IJ¡ !7Q=g, #I2 "&34W
,, 0”78
0”78 0=7C 0H„I Uå$7 f=7C 0H„I Uå$,

êO5I7, "4H"C7, #4YO( êO5I,, "4H"C,, #4YO( f=7C 0=7I =ð


f=7C 0=7I I¤I]45I f647 "45I f64,

0g5“(7, E5(7":6O7, 0#O7 0g5“(,, E5(7":6O,, mD*‹]Y


¬5DY ":6O/7I`=g

"4Š=7C D+–
G 0"&L =P 0=7I "4Š=7C D+–
G 0"&L =P 0=7I "47)2Y E5F",
"47)2Y›

êO5I7, OO5% UzY êO5I,, êO5I,¡ ":6Â7_=g

‘} 0µI f=7C
I% 0x27I4 E7k # Hp2s 0µI f=7C L% F" 0'D,¡

786
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 61/98

L% F" 0'D7 ‘ˆI` !=Pg


E7k

0”78 "4Š=7C Uå$7, ²p 0”78 "4Š=7C Uå$,, ²p f=7C H>¬gKD,,


f=7C H>¬gKD7, #I2 H7’. #I2 H7’. H7g4,
H7g47

L=<™= fUF€I L¹ª47, 0=7I L=<™= fUF€I L¹ª4,, 0=7I fOÅ42 k’4,,
fOÅ42 k’47, 0µI Ã)h 0µI Ã)h 07I4Ž
I Ã) Uå$,
07I4Ž
I Ã) Uå$7

0=7I f=7C ":‡o› 0D7+„I7 0=7I f=7C ":‡;,DR 0D7+„I`= #4YO(


#4YO( f=7C Bh‡4 f647 f=7C E,C:f64, /7¤g

7.7 ]=Ek8’] ®T:± q


z@: 27[
@

#Œ"H #I2 #4/C2 #4YO( #Œ"H (unequallable), #I2 (permanent), #4/C2


#4/q+ Ã)h Uå$7 (unblamable), #4YO( (unsurpassed), #4/q+
(unlimited) Ã)h Uå$,

#4YO( f=7C E;E:B


:6Λ #4YO( f=7C E;E:B
:64,DR 0D7+„I`=g
0D7+„I7

øC|²p Q1/¼ Uå]› 0D7+„I7 øC|²p Q1/¼ Uå$,DR 0D7+„I`=g

L=7CH( 0=7I g/2 fh`› L=7CH( 0=7I g/2 fhH,@R (4µ7_


X)^I7 ":MO,@R) X)^I,

OO5% 0µI ‹$] /„ †^› EH7II› êO5I 0µI ‹$] /„V


†DR 0#P¥‹— #7ƒ=g
E7II7

I% u/ Y:Bg5£Y ¥c7¨ k
‘=7 0M Y:Bg5£Y ¥c7¨ k
‘=,

I% u/ "4H P/D27, I% u/ 0M "4H P/D2,, 0M 0qI "4H IIJK,


0qI "4H IIJK7

I% u/ 0=7I !"#$À UH„’27 JDR )q7"9Q_=Pg


0M 0=7I !"#$°

–^›
I% u/ "4H §½^› ,,c –NDR fÂ7'9,g
0M E45 "4H §A@R ,,c
EÎK› fêE2Š=7

I% u/ E% ý=7, I% u/ L% 0M E% ý=7, 0M L% ý=7, 0M f=7C ý=7


ý=7, I% u/ f=7C ý=7

I% u/ øC|²p ý= Uå$7 0M øC|²p ý= Uå$7

787
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 62/98

0”78 f=7C 9:;< 6I=2 0”78 f=7C 9:;< 6I=2 0qM/¹ E5F",
0qM/¹ E5F"7

Ü=7 0C5( "49:;< UT4


Eh5qû Ü=,, 0C5( "49:;< UT4 H78D,
Eh5qû
H78D7

#4YO( f=7C Ã)H78D7 #4YO( f=7C Ã)H78D,

0•KI "4Š=7C D+–


G "49:;<G› 0•KI "4Š=7C D+–
G`= "49:;< a+b "4H
"4H 0qû
Ü= H78D7 0qû
Ü= H78D,

#4YO( "4Š=7C "4H‰&J #4YO( "4Š=7C "4H‰&JUå$ H78D,


Uå$ H78D7

0=7I "4H‰&JEH †H78D7 0=7I "4H‰&JEH †H78D,

#4YO( "4Š=7C D+–


G #4YO( "4Š=7C D+–
G "49:;< a+b "4H‰&J
"49:;<G› "4H‰&J"4HIIJK "4HIIJK U—E Uå$ H78D,
U—E Uå$ H78D7

²p f=7CH( 0=7I "4H ²p f=7CH(, 0=7I "4H U—E U£Y Uå$


U—E U£Y Uå$ EH †H78D7 EH †H78D,

0=7I L% U—E U£Y Uå$ 0=7I L% U—E U£Y Uå$ EH †H78D,


EH †H78D7

0”78 øC|6I=2 #¬‰&JUå$ 0”78, øC|6I=2 #¬‰&JUå$ U’


;,
U’
;7

‡Ÿ7 0Þ'47 0=7I øC|²p ‡cb=c 0Þ'4,, 0=7I øC|²p Uå$ U’
;,
Uå$ U’
;7

0=7I f=7C X,C:EH † 0=7I f=7C X,C:EH †f64,


f647

0”78 0•KI "4Š=7C D+–


G 0”78 0•KI "4Š=7C D+–
G "49:;<,
"49:;<G›

"4H‰&J"4Hì› ‹7¬ ˆ78 "4H‰&J


, "4HÃ) ‹7¬ ˆ78 Uå$,
Uå$7

L% F" fgI2 H78D7 L% F" fgI2 H78D,

5Y:7O% r2; t•› 0q †I7 ,"]g j7Q (32) r2; tC,DR 0q ÜI`=g

r2; t› ' ©O‡g '°&57OY› H¶S f r2; tC,@ 0=¡ ©O/ ÐCDA

788
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 63/98

:› EC4´?g
XC4´?g ?2E H7¹ žŒ/g ?@A (24) ?H,@, XC4´= ÐCDA ?2E
(7I:!
|4› 0=7I ’Œ8 H7I:,@, XC4´= ÐCDA (7I:!
|4,,
U$ 5©ª?› ' #4YO( f=7› ' 0=7°Q, ’ŒQQ H¶S U$ 5©ªZQ

f=7C r2; Hò2 E;E:Ö¤ f=7C r2; Hp2,= E;E:§¬= ":ŠG, ’D


§¬?(I !=PI L=<( ":kC7 !=PI L=<( ":kC,

9:T<=7CH( UŠ=Ö¤^› 0Y *g 9:T<=7CH( UŠ=,DR 0Y H7’.,


ÖB
H7’D7

0=7I !"#$% 04‘fhH dD 0=7I !"#$% 04‘4H2 dD E‰;,


E7cD7

kH;7E #Úa› 0Y )^I7 kH ;7E #IDR (ÍC ¡=,R) 0Y )^I,

f=7CH( 0=7I ”Λ f=7CH( 0=7I ”4,DR 0D7+„I,


0D7+„I7

L=7C 4E #4€Î› 0^‡2"J7 L=7C 4kq+,DR 0^‡2"J,

0µI f=7C Ã)h 07I4 {‘I7 0µI f=7C Ã)h 07I4,= {‘I,

7.8 (7K ®T:± Bl#J #:L=:

0=7I f=7C fOÅ42 k’47 I% ‘=,=


0=7I f=7C fOÅ42 k’4,, # Hp2 E7k
‘}
0x27I4 E7k

0=7I Ö¤ 4U ":6O 0YO( 0=7I Ö¤ 4U ":6O 0YO( B


:64,, #4YO( f=7C
:647, #4YO( f=7C D+–
B G7 D+–
G,

":G/ f”27 UŠ=7 Uh¬Ã ":G/, 0Z UŠ=, UhÚ@


*Z

OIÖ¤ ”Λ f=7CHћ OIÖ¤ ”4,D³ f=7CH(` T"] !¬gKD`=g


E,¬gKDY

I% 07Ihy ²p f=7C 0'D f UŠ= 07I4,=7> ²p f=7C 0'D, '=


†+–
!"& 0û Ó H7.¾ UzY †+–
0û & H7.", z{7__=Pg

I% Hò2 ' L=7CH( Íg+ H¶S # Hp2= L=7CH( Íg+ f=7C


f=7C /= £ ¹ £ I` !=Pg

I% !"& ¬5DY #4YO( f=7C # vC #4YO( f=7C Ã)h ¬5È7__=Pg


Ã)h›

789
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 64/98

‘} 0û
I% 0x27I4 E7k †+–
Ó "C< ‘=,= 0û
f Íg+ Hp2 E7k †+–
Ó "C< U£ IHA
U£ I7 L=<( fE=7 Uh¬Ã *_=Pg
L=<( fE=7 UhÚ@

":G/ +&W
6y7 Ì42 ž7> /rP ":G/ +&W
+ (7> Ì42 '7C:0½P H78—@
H78—# L=<y# ¬5D7Y L=<(,@ ¬5È7__=PU

II:0”78 f=7C Ã)h 0+b8 0”78 f=7C Ã)h 07I4Ž


I,= "4H H7’.
07I4Ž
I7 "4H H7’D f647 *Z
f64,= 0=7I fE=, UhÚ@
0=7I fE= Uh¬Ã

IE2 !"& ' HT (7I:7 ":¬5DY # vC HT (7I:, ":¬5È7__=Pg

#4YO( 9:T<=7C "4H‰&J 0g #4YO( 9:T<=7C "4H‰&JHT(7I:7


HT(7I:7

EHEJ9:;< Ã)h EH †F"7 L% EHEJ9:;< Ã)h EH †F",, L% E5F",,


E5F"7 #47¬=7 #47¬=,

"49:;< E5F"7 "49:;<G› "49:;< E5F",, "49:;<, a+b "4H4;E2


"4H4;E2 P/D27 P/D2,

HT(7I:H( "4H ¥c7¨ HT(7I:H( "4H ¥c7¨ ?h(G (7I:7


?h(G (7I:7 U¬(Ã U¬(,¡ !=Pg

I% E5F"7 +™7 žY, MÂ+› I* # E5F", m¤†g 0=¡ AŒN Ä Up,¡


žY ; !‡' \‹]_?PQ

7.9 #:L=)l?J/

f: $zbG '+
7, I% Hò2 $‚ CD ÐC. fŒ ÖG,D (angles) '+
,, # Hp2,=
"C<7 fΠC.,D "C<,

I% +&W
6y7 ":G/› Ù7 žY # +&W
+D (vertices) (7> ":G/, “Ù7” 0#

":G/ Hò2 ?4(G {¬7 žY ":G/ Hp2,= ?h(G {¬, (“h”) 0# ‡


:{

I% kp2 ’&€I7 HH E45 0|$† # kp2 ’&€I,= - “HH E45 0|$†{g|7 cŒ cŒ


{g|7 cŒ cŒ k5T žY k5T” 0#

W =„{7; $8+–
I% "C< CwV UV 4 W =„{7; $‚ 0+–
f "C< C.,D (7> UV 4
:, Ù7 =š U$WÍ, ˜7 E*
H7I 7 ¯
7 HI:,@ - “Ù7 =š U$WÍ”, “˜7 E*
7 ¯
7«7 J
–­7 ¸‚”
«7 J
–­7 ¸‚

I% CD +¾wV hH +„$W$8+–
4 # C. +¾D,D7> hH +„$W$‚ 0+–
4 H7I:,@ -

790
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 65/98

:, h7 hŠ(=H›, E*
H7I 7 “h7 hŠ(=H›”, “E*
7 +„û
W( =H›”
+„û
W( =H›

$zböV XC4´= $8+–


4 H7I:› $‚ ÖG,D7> EC4´= $‚ 0+–
4 H7I:, - “E;k
:4
:4 ?7 ¸‚ žY
E;k ?7 ¸‚ ” 0#

$zbG +¾wV ":G/ S+JÂ/ $‚ ÖG +¾D,D7> ":G/ ErI,¡ Â/ "7Ÿ+–


4
"7Ÿ+–
4 H7I:›, Ù7 =H› ‡( H7I:, - “Ù7 =H› ‡(” 0#
žY

I% 9r› ":G/ Š— S+J


7 /„IJ7 # ;2,= ":G/ Š— S+J
,¡ /„IJ,

J% 9r› 0$†CD "C<7


/„¹ /„IJ, 9(. 0$†C. "C<,

ÃV CwV ?h(G =„{7; ‡¤ C.,D7> ?h(G, =„{7; 0$†0+–


4
†+–
0û :, Ù7 =š
4 H7I H7I:,@ - “Ù7 =š ?h(ü(”, “¬( ¬(
?h(ü(, ¬( ¬( =4{7; =4{7;”

I% CD E7qV hH +„$W¯
+4 f C.,D E7óD (7> hH, +„$W, ¯
+4 0$†0+–
4
†+–
0û :›, Ù7 hŠ( ?7
4 H7¹ H7I:,@ - “Ù7 hŠ( ?7 ¸‚ k5T”, “E*
7
¸‚ k5T, E*
7 šCh( =H›, šCh( =H›”, “!YJ$ܯ
+4 k5T”
!YJ$ܯ
+4 k5T

I% 9r› ":G/ Š— S+J


7 /„IJ7 # 9(. ":G/ Š— S+J
,¡ /„IJ,

J% 9r› =/ CD "C<7
/„¹ /„IJ, 9(. }µ<g C.,D "C<,

ÃV CwV hH +„$W;(~
/ ‡¤ C.,D (7> hH, +„$W, ;(~
/ }µ<g
=‡+– :›, Ù7 hH'7
4 H7¹ :( 0+–
4,D H7I:,@ - “Ù7 hH'7
:( =H› Ù7”,
=H› Ù7, E* W( ÞU7( E*
7 +„û 7, “E* W( ÞU7( E*
7 +„û *7 ;(~
7”, “ ‡( =š
*7 ;(~
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‡( =š  *7”


I% CD +¾wV Cl–
ü‰&J=‡+–
4 fy C. +¾D,D (7> Cl–
ü‰&J}µ<g
H7I:›, Ù7 Cl–
ü‰&J
› ÄO547 0+–
4,D H7I:, - “Ù7 Cl–
ü‰&J
› ÄO547”

I% 9r› ?h(G {¬ S+J


7 # ;2,= ?h(G {¬ S+J
,¡ /„IJ,,
/„IJ7 /„¹
J% 9r› CO CD "C<7 /„IJ, »@"D "g C.,D³ "C<,

ÃV CwV hH +„$WCê+– :,
4 H7I f C.,D (7> hH, +„$WCO 0+–
4 H7I:,@ -
?7 d=E /D*z( k5T, ހ¬= “?7 d=E /D*z( k5T”, “ހ¬= /D*z( k5T”
/D*z( k5T

I% CD E7qV =„{7; Š— f C.,D E7óD (7> =„{7; Š— H7I:, -


H7I:›, Ù7 =š x’/à ¯ “Ù7 =š x’/à ¯HT=„{7T( +h. C7$†

791
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HT=„{7T( +h. C7$† /C?( HH U_Pá "' "' k5T ”


/C?( HH U_Pá "' "'
k5T

I% 9r› =„{7; u6+–


4 S+J
7 # 9(. =„{7; u6+– –7”) S+J
4 (“J , ‡XM/
‡XM/ 5Cê+– :, Ù7 =š
4 H7I 5Cê+–
4 H7I:,@ - “Ù7 =š x’/Ã
x’/à ?h(ü(, Ù7 =š ?h(ü(”, “Ù7 =š x’/à ‡XM‡(”
x’/à ‡XM‡(

I% CD +¾wV HTUV
W hH f C. +¾D,D (7> HTUV
W, hH, +„$W5CO
:› ', Ù7 =š
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I fg?h(iQ f Up,¡ ":6Â7__7QZ.

815
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 90/98

0I, °Ó( 9:;<,, 0I, UV


WN, 0I, "4~O5ŒQ, 0I, Šy 0“°Q.

0n/7¤‡## m/Œ Ý@XËþCî f ":(IP¯@Q Ä !BE=R f HT ?h(iƒ


kS¬2, o7>Z 0# \"]90Z.

JR ":+¤7'90Z.
žg #Eª7O(, 0# Ä !"#$°

p:;2 345#/ - <=>?/@:A q97 )l97 H8I( )I(J:

ÂV2Q AŒN# "&":ÂP7\Z - ¥c7¨,=c, ?h(i=c #I2I5, \"]9ƒ=g. 0I,


°Ó(, 0# \"]90Z +! ¥c7¨, k64, H¶S ?h(iQ k6ŒQ. 6#
°Ó(, #h64,. 0Õ*k64, 0#I2,, #h64, #I2, 0# O„°DR
\"]9Q_=Pg. H& s:AWL q97b@ ®T:±/@T, Bl#m@T )L5L8/
_(`<“@k?

¥c7¨,=c H¶S ?h(i=c #$ #I2I5~ !LI, 0Z=g EI2~ 0# AŒN


(0#I2I5,Z) "&;&7__?PQ.

k6ŒQ j7Q Up,@ -


1) !Bq Er°Q
2) !Bq 4r°Q

Bl#m) 'Ew HxL q97/ - 64G 642 dD, (cause and effect system)
?h(i# k64 0U2 !Bq. 0g 9:;<, a+b -+b 0U2 BC,=7M +D>, žI4
‰Q BC,D7> w>. +Z+ EHEJ0UC2S !Bq ErI k6ŒQ, 0IQ 0/(/
Er°,. 0/(/ ErI, /D= 0/O27 0#I2~ 0AZ.

Bl#m) 'Ew 7xL q97/ - !Bq 4rI k64,=c 0/(/ 4rI, /D=
k5q+7 (I=+7Õ µ7L=g, ÍÎ=g) #$ w#g¡} #Fˆ7'9ƒ=g. 9:;<UC2 k64,,
f=7C k64,, !xyI<+ k64, !Bq 4rI k64 Up,@. U2 B :1=2,R
HT?h(iQ U2 k6ŒQ. f=7C B :1=2,R HT?h(iQ f=7C k6ŒQ.
!x( B :1=2,DR HT?h(iQ !xyI<+ k6ŒQ. B :1=2,R ŠI:~ ž+b8
tC,, /X J IIJK, "47¡ u tC, w> 0# \"]90Z.

ÂV2Q AŒN# "&":ÂP7\Z - 0”78, 0•KI, "4Š=7C D+–


i[= "49:;<c
k64#h64,@ 0Z=U UŒC|p4<,@ +! UŒC|!xyI<+I5, mn * oEAZ?

Bl#m) q97 )l&7 'oL?&/ - u Up,¡ E45’°[= #h6Œ[= HT‡SN


H¶S f HT‡SMN=c B :+„Y+`= U8ð(w# E]4´ +Ƚ7_. 0Z ":{C|`= k64
AG,=c 0tC, /+, 0M Up,¡ "49:;< Eh5I<+,=c k64 #h64 tC Uîp,
w>.

UUp ULI:0=7I OcJ@ +Ƚ= "49:;< (7> E5F"d


e=,R Uîp, w>. #
0z/,=7> (0=¡ 0d e=, RI}) 07I 0=7I Uîp, +@AZ.

816
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 91/98

W[= "49:;< a+b "4Š4‘


E45 "&3Œ ,=c k64, 6c7$ ©/D #h64I57 ŠI:~
0^HI`=œ 0‹]Q ©/D #h64`= Y+`= f6O,=c /+ "49:;<c #$ ¬8I5,
fBg7'9QZ.

6N= "49:;< "4Š4‘


Ic k64#h64,@ E5z/{C|,@.

0•KI "4Š=7C D+–


i[= fg?h(i=c ®5Ÿ Zk4,¡ !}<$ #~$,@R
(+Zj"]@ Ý;_. ‰S.R) ‘G 3!F5 !C( {‘Y D(,@ +@A_=PU.

3!f5 e!l†2 &‡ K/ -


0‹]8‹]Q f¹<h,[= 0éD "&3Œ W[= fg?h(i=c ˆ8‰ŠSq7/‹
!}<$, (+Zj"]@ Ý;_.) +@AZ
# Z7ƒ "49:;< a+b l 7g (0U2) BC,=7> E45 64G,D7> ‰D 64G`=
0/2+JfUh€/, (‰D ":+„Y) +@AZ
‰D fUh€/ 0/2+J , Z7ƒ ‰D 0UC2 fUh€/HAZ. [0UC2 07à 0d e=, 6>.
E„ †+H #(H d e=, 0UC2!]
# (‰D 0UC2) Z7ƒ E› (I% = 0g) 0Z ("49:;< ÌL+) O9χL+ LI:`= /4W ,@
:
(AG,@) ’D 9;<UC2 fU4€U7_Z
# Z7ƒ H;° J, H;° Js 0;764,, 0;764, Z7ƒ "7' I?<I:@
"7' I?<I:D Z7ƒ "7' HT£I,@
"7' HT£I,D Z7ƒ 9:;<, a+b -+ BC, ‡2"J` -+ 0U2 078,
¬#7_Z
0+b8 (078, F",=) EI2,¡ Aü“°Q, øC|EIJKHSQ, D 0} ’„;,
+Ƚ=, #4YO( (k¤ w#) f=7C D+– G, Š( 0} !Bq +Ƚ= ?h(iQ !?PQ
0IQ 3@:LŽ <=Y?:;/C 'L`]Myz] G#/C WXV, 3G 975 97J
iG/@T ‘G 97J ’gV, HT Š(c 0“°Q, °ÓSQ, "4~O5ŒQ
0I# (?h(iQ) Z7ƒ Ì ‘D Uh‚ E5F‹Q ¬#7_Z. 0IQ E45 64G ‰D
Uh‚ E5F‹Q 0AZ.
f Uhn † 0=7I`= Â4,@, +ZP@, R°@, BC,@, \N@ +Ƚ= ("4H)
‹ŒVQ. 0IQ E45‰ f/&7L !7QZ.
f Uhn †d e= 9D ˜O542 OlJì E5F‹Q 0º!?PQ. UUp ULI:0=7I ¬’% f64
F‹[ !?PQ.
0IQ EHEJ0UC2 078 ‡2"c[ !?PQ. žI# -Ëb+b îH#", Z7ƒ 0=7I Ö¤
9:T<78,D k ‘/h@ ¬#7_Z.
:
fy 0#P 9T<78,D (7> -Ëb+b 078H7> -Ëb+b ?h(iQ ¬#7_Z.
-Ëb+b 078 ?h(i# Z7ƒ r4G2’Œ€Q, 9:T<78 Uh‚ E5F", ¬#7_Z.
?h(i# Z7ƒ 0éD s+ E„ †R(’D ":d"°@, u6CO Œ> ã@, 0éD s6@,
ž7> ãQ, E45 M/I@, 5CO fg°2@, E45 (0$†) /XN@, E45 (E"J) @V@, 0#P
("7') £I,@, 0#P A7CXª@ ¬#7_Z
6D,, 0éD +4<, ‰4J , H¶S 0‰4J , #$ ?h(i,
E45 64G,Dc ‰D,, E+D 642,Dc ‰D, ?h(iQ
fy C57C5 UD+– G,@ (p4<-0ph<@, X”->›Á@, ̓-'È ÐCDA C57C5,@)
?h(iQ.

817
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 92/98

m/Q Ä Up,¡ Ý@XËZ×, E f ?h(i# !B{7R ":(IP¯@Q, 0I, (f~)


?h(iQ 0AZ 0# \‹]_=Pg Ä !"#$%.

‘;2 345#/ - <=>?/@:A ‘G 3!f5 (=G# H8I( )I(J:

ÂV2Q Ä Up,¡ 0ƒ2Z - (=(:,/ c&d 'L`]M&‡


K/ ~ !v:‹ µ+Â@k? Uå 7L
U/&7_,. # a+b IIJK,Z Ý@XË=/+=# Ö&+ +ȽS?PZ.

Ä Up7¡ 0?g¡ +=9Q_=P E45 ":"7', #I2Š? 0#I2Š? 0} E7O(,


+@A_=Pg

":"7', #$ j7Q Up,@ - 1) U2 ":"7', 2) 0U2 ":"7', - 0#.

U2 ":"7',=c #I2I5, {C|~, (m.*=¡) #I2 f=7C L% U—kI<+I5, RI! H¶S
øC|æC|,+JEI2 f=7C E5F", RI!

0U2 ":"7',=c #I2I5Š 0#I2I5Š 0Z=g m.*=¡


":‡;, (continuity) RI #I2I5, D+– GH# Ë7CŒ \‹]>Œ
fg, ":D(,@ U=9Q.RI 0#I2I2, D+– GH# ž7Ë7CŒ \‹]>Œ
Ä j7Q D+– G,@ cC4N, H& 0g m.*=¡ - 0U2 U—E,RI E45‰ #$
E7Ö', (contraction) H¶S U6E, (expansion) +Ƚ= HTŠy U—kI<+~. In
the current context, the Universe is explained as playful projection within the Absolute
Consciousness by virtue of the concept of Maya.
0g mn * 0=¡ - 9:;<, u+~, 0g 0g5“(,. ž+b8 uð Ë7\`=Z ?? 4+,@¡
w>.
9:;<,=c /2Y&+J `=g E45‰ qI~. 0=¡ ":"7', 9:;<,=c ͌¡ !=Pg
0# 0#=œ 9:;<, a+b u+I5 0g5“( D+– G,=c oE’>.
9:;<, EI27, d e=7, 0=7I7.
EI2~ (ug !=P÷ 0M) "4 9:;<,.

f 9:;<, =7> (L%) U—E ‰D 0UC2 !"E7T4 (the act of withdrawing) +


H,
m¤†C=¡
?@A ÍD S’,@ 9:;<c (r4G2’Œ€=c) -+ "’@ 0AZ. 0M 6D ":ŠG,
H4— -+ hY:0AZ
9:;< Š=, ":64, -+b ("’@ + hY:) g=,s EI2 s+, /4c 0#P s+,Dc
!C( {‘Y D(,@ ¬ŒAZ
9:;<Š=, ":64, /7C E7/Iª4,@ 9:;< a+b {‘Y 6D,. H4D /7C
E7/Iª4,@ 0I#l ":D(,.
{‘Y 07I2,=7> 078 Uh‚ ‹ŒV# E5 07O`= r4G2’Œ€# (7> (":"7',)
":ÍÂ7_Z
r4G2’Œ€=c 64G`= "4Š°<#, 0=¡ 078 "&BDc[= ?h(i# RŒËZZ
0‹]Q ØN@ 07CF ":+„Ys =HA>Œ
":D(H7> E45 !=2, 0AZ
0U2 ":"7', 078 "&BDc[= ?h(i# F",¡ Uh‚ ‹ŒV#s ":D(,

818
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 93/98

0AZ
Uh‚ ‹ŒVQ IZ Š( !BqR m/& 07O§ f 0U278 fg?h(i#s
=HAZ
0‹]Q I= U—E`= (E
8/7¤) ‰D 0UC2 HT Šy Uå$G Uå I`=, "4H
Ì+–­ ‰D 64G`= 325&M/S RŒZ
0/2+J
, 9:;<H7> RŒZ

f Up,¡ Šy !Bqc[= fg?h(iQ E5E5F",Z o7>Z

E45 ØN@ E5E5F",Z o7>>Œ

EL¤+, ¬B ‹$], E#P1=,s mMN¡ +#ˆ7_Z, 0g w=‹]Q øC|EL¤+,¡ !7QZ.


0Õ*(#Œ
ŽG`=) 9:;<,=c #$ (E5E() Šy !Bq /O,R AG,@, tC,@
+Ƚ=n* ":“Y +@AZ. Šy !Bq U=`=œ #ŒŽG, 0/(/ 4rI,¡ ":“Y +@AZ
0Z=g !"#$% /'=,.

BC2 345#/ - KY no 3žL, 3Ÿ:;, 3 NL, (7n@:F G&¡


J, (7<=>?J (7KLLMN
H8I( )I(J:

Šy !Bq U=`= 0U2 BC, #&5å$7, #4<D7, øC|²p f=7C D+–


G P/D2,
0AZ.

9:;<,=7> +È]7L= ?@A BC,@ #&5å$7 0AZ. 0=¡ f ?@A BC,@ #$


EH, 0AZ.

+È]I ?@A BC,D 0tC,RI 9:;<, 0”78 D+–


G, 0=7I, "&34W
, E% L% f=7C
E5":6O, 0AZ (0# {
|7I,).

BC'°$†yI<+7 9:;<. 07> -+¤ 0U2 BC,, ‰Q BC,@ 0H„I7 0AZ.

G,@) +Dg - Ã2G5/, ÄQ8L/, (7/


(H+ C„+]™,s) 9:;<, ‰Q BC,@ (UD+–
- 0Z=U.

@ ‡+27 - f H;IJ4`= ‹ŒV# }Z Ý@Xc?PZ. fgI2 /4W


,³ IHXªc "4`
!?PQ. 0I## Ý@c=P‡, U57XQ, ž+b8 0H„°Q (H„°2N ¤=‡Q) 0AZ.
š+–
Š4Ž ,c ÍS+ & w>.

IHXª O9Ï,R 0UC2 \"]9ƒ=g. (9:;<, a+b l


7g) 0U2 BC~ UO5 £I,DÊP!
#³ UO5H7Iñ f+ µ7L !7QZ. 0IQ 0O=, (4(,) H¶S 0=O=, (B :G,)
F",= ":+¤I` !7QZ.

(9:;<, a+b '=) ‰Q BC,@ g‡26O,=7> 0H„I` !=PU. !F5, e@:F, gh#
0# \"]9Q ‰Q BC,@ 0H„I` !=PU. f ‰Q BC,D '= ¢4| K,¡ ‹ŒVQ
!7QZ.

819
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 94/98

f¹< h,[= fg ?h(i# a+b !}<$ #~$,D E5F",


"hX (;2) C„ †R E5E5F" L7I=~ !}<$, (+Zj"] Ý4/.7 /7¤g).
":I2X (07I4) C„ †R E5E5F" L7I=~ #~$, (+Zj"] ‰(.7 /7¤g).
0U2 {‘Y !}<$ 6DH7> !7QZ. #~$ 6DH7> #l ":D(, ¬ŒAZ.
!}<$ 6DH7> 642, 64G, !Bq tC,DRI Ø/ ÄO54 tC, #$ +#ˆ7_Z.
642 !Bq +Ƚ=‡Q Ä ØNQ, 64G !Bq +Ƚ=‡Q ÄO5ŒQ.
64G, (Cause) ÄO5ŒQ, 642, (Effect) ØNQ (H¶S ¬’%).
NOTE: +Z+ 0#P 64G,Dc ‰D 64G, ÄO5Œ,! H=7 o7M H7L \Q
0Zx‡Dc žI4 ØN@ 64G, 0Zc=Pœ 97p, +@AZ, 0n * 6+ ÄO5Œ,
64G, 0} z/ dD, ,lJ l GB=HAZ.
NOTE: ØNQ & ÄO5ŒQ j7Y }}. 6D, (Time), MO, (Space), +4< (Causation) RI
}Z "&µ°8Z 0# 0Zc=P‹]Q =ZP ØNQ 07BŒ; ‡¤ RI }Z "&µ°8Z
6Z 0# convince 0º=‹]Q =ZP ÄO5ŒQ 07BŒ.

HTŠy U—E,
ÄO5Œ# HTŠ( f(= 0d eZk4, /&J 7_Z, f(= E7+D],Z 0ZE&7_Z
(f HTŠ() HTUV WNc E $ (—) OÓ4 FˆÇ
9:T<>Dc #$ 0Þ'4,
m/Œ UV WN} xÚ7_>î ‡ß f HTŠ(Z I&7°Œ, žIŒ@ u Up`= UUp
!B(,D RI #$ .wŒ
0U2 642,@ 07I›+4G,Dc 0“I,¡ (by transcending) 6D,Z 0ZE&7L
¬#7_Z
9:;< 6I=2, ‡¤(7> (0U2 642,D7>) ":Y[7[I7 0AZ. ":Y[79,w
ØN@ 0# \"]9QZ.
æg|, !Bq RI ??I5~ 6# ͌ tC, w>
0UC2Š= #kª4`= (worthless and insignificant) U$( X”,w fO(,¡ Ä
0k4 E7k4 '+,s E45 ØN@ YŒA_7>Œ
W[= ?h(i, E5E( èD³ ®5' ¡ !}<$ #~$,DR mD*‹]Y E
E45 "&3Œ ƒ7_Z

£F2 345#/ - H:q7 L{J 'E# &¤@ f8l (7K ¥&¡


n7šH8I( )I(J:

à 6D B
/h :47x,=7> u Up,¡ +"]@ ÐCÒ=U !C€U7_¿ f Up,¡ 3&J
¡ =Â7L=
0UC2 fg?h(i# !}<$ (+Zj"]@ ÝM_.) 6D,s H4— !Cº7_. ¬ŒAZ.

¬=< ¬=< >$ b4< ‡E? 9D, RI C„çI4`= MTI< (M;~ }Z) x:H +@AZ, M; fI<
UÍ+, +@’>.

‡E? 9D, RI E7k4,=7M ":/„YJ+@A_=Pg, # #/„YJl !B(, ³_.w>.

I% (9:;<,) a+b E5F" d


e= 0z/, /D=, 97p, m¤†g? š+–, m¤†g? 0Z UŸ4
0z/, /D=, 0d e= B:9D2, /D=, xlJd
e= ¥h’2 0z/, /D= 9:;<X”,
o7C/+=Z ":/„YJ+@’>.

820
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 95/98

3H* H:q7/ S:“ L+:U 'E#/ st . 3@‹ -


EIb4< /D= E°]ŒVD k7’I2, +@AZ
# /D= Uq #Fp,D UÍ+, +@AZ
#³ EŸ4 ":/„YJ+@AZ
EŸ4, /D= 0éD B" +– (, +@AZ
# /D= 07I›+4G, 0Y UHD, 0AZ
07>R E> ŽŒ +B+–,Z 07I›+4G, ֌ËZZ
0‹]Q x’/7°# +*O /G 12?>D (7> O C|+@AZ
#RI ;„C( {‘I` 0?g¡ !=P >h5E? ’ 79 (psychological block) U?O,
0AZ
E> ŽŒ +B+–wO Uå$,R 0L4 6D,s} IIJK d e=, +@AZ
AŒN !"MO, wc7$ OIÖ¤ +D],Dc #$ IIJKd e=, +@’>
E45 {>|@ {g|7_Z, E45 97p,@ A¡ =Â7_Z
å
(Xª@ H¶S UýP,@ E45, (‡¤ ".*fElJ ) ":D(, \7>Z
0‹]Q ;„C( {‘I,Ò= E45 6H,@ U?OHAZ
"4ŠI< C4´= z/, ":+¤IHAZ
0‹]Q C„çI4`= ¥$W¦ xlJ¬#7_Z
07I. ¥h’2, +Ƚ æg|s Ud e= fUh€/HAZ
0z2E, /D= f d e=, 
+~ü "&"+5HAZ
"+5`= Ude=, /D= Ø/Z<lJ+@AZ
0‹]Q øx 0øx +4<@ 0ÊP ‡E=D³ ET =Â7_Z
E45 ¬’,@ ?h(GH(,@¡ z{7_Z
?h(i#l /2Y&+J , Ë7\`? w> 0# ’ r7L !BEcQ E45¹ : U;&7_Z
Ä HT‹ŒV=c m‹]Q M;¹2’ ž' +@A¿ 0‹]Q ¥c7¨ ‡X@ 07CF /\ÅCŒ

x’/7°# 12= 345+,¡ ;„C( +HD, (7> /2/{‘I`= fI<Z I= 07IhI<Z


A¡ L7Y7_× ;7E H7I:,Z (Gz;7) !'Å&7_×, A¡ H=XªZ #îq7L,
H¶S M;,s 'l '&7_ ‡SN³ ET Ù764,³ ":G‡4‘ ,Z 0ZE71=,
RS×, þH<g þH<g¡ 9:;< 47p:, Z7ƒ (B
:GOlJ :+„I`= 345
) 9(.c »8È B
M;,Z I2Ú7L H7I:H(, øC|9:;< Ã)H(, #4YO(, f=7CH( HTUV W kF"2
U’
;7 "&’
r7_Z

Ì42H78D 07I4ŽI,¡ #4YO( f=7CH( 0H4 (67Y) =ð ":‡;,Z f+&à


7L,
z/=R 0+b8 kP=, R{, fI<3¬Z R(/+Z

¹Z k6 –°J ?h(i, 0º IŒ‡I AŒ =Hkb4 345+,¡ ":G/ ’ŒQ# 12#7L


U$ 5©ª= "&BÈ°[ ¥c7¨ E‰;,³ "&Í †°[, f6O Š4Ž
,= ":ÍÂ7L, EI2 s+,
":ÍÂ7L, 9:;<Z 3Ú7_Z

!BEcQ fN# Äê= P/D2, o7g, H;&àH78D,DZ 0Y+ µ7L, Ì42 '7C:
H78D,DZ tg7L, p„/ H78D, ¤, Â7øŠ4 (":d"Y) '+
,Z tg7L ¥c7¨,Z
RŒZ

ž76 'l »¼*Uh¬ =gs ,#½ 0+b8 Ì+–­ OÓ4,Z /gÈÍ{, ©/D H7I:H( g/2
Ã)H( #4YO( f=7CH( HTUV W E5F", /7¤ U’;, (f64,) "&’r7_Z

821
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3456783 9:;<=> !"#$% 96/98

ž76 'l 'l »¼*Ã)H( L=<( f=7C "&BDc[= fg?h(i# 12#7L, f(=
0Z¬e³ ž76 'l 'l »¼*"7' ¥c7¨,@ 0“I,¡ 0$†Uh‚ P/D27 o7g, f Uhn
†#
A¡ fhq7L !BEcQ "4Š=7C7 o7>Z.

e72 345#/ - (7K ¥&¡


n7šH8I( )I(J:

9:T<78,s }Z -+ L=P Uz’, 0Z z/= Z7ƒ ?s} 078 ˆ78 9:T<78,@


!?Pº 0} 9:;< z/,s !BEcQ 4µX J?PQ

k/4G`= (I= æg|žŒcb# !=P) 9:T<78,Z tg7L (":¬e³ ¤), 07IB "&l7L
9:T<78 E5F",Z #Ól–
7L, "4Š4‘ ,= # E5F",Z 9:;<d e=,R Ý@XËZZ

9:T<78, փ A
"Q`f64,= H;IJ4 EH †f64,= !7QZ

9:T<78, "7' HT£I,DR f/„I`=g, H;IJ4 0;7+„Y (0;764,) H¶S


IHXª 0} ‰D ":+„Y RI "&Í †7"9ƒ=g

Ä 9:T<78, ?h(i#l fQc} 97Y /7¤g

Ä 9:T<78, '= H¶S _j


† žn/7¤ 0=7I Ö¤ 9:T<78,@ ":6Â7__=PU

HT ¬—O(,s !7, R"@, æ8’D 0=7I E7ý,D /+ 9:T<78,@


HT?h(i#s x:µ7__=PU

EHEJ9:T<78 07I4 ;2 ":"7' 4;E2, 9:;<de=,R Ý@XË#, EHEJ9:T<78


dD,Z !D*7m7L, 0=7I HTŠy OlJEH †f6Œ[, ‰D ":+„Yl ¬=#Ñ= 0U2
Dl–
­# 12#7L, EHEJ9:T<78 EH †l ¬=ÊÑ= ¥$W¦ HTŠ(c (;„C(,s})
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š›
-. !¡' - š› * ­Ô‚1 -
-,^ ~™

=Ò "4'D4XS# ¶/Ÿ(\  `a Z«,½6 Š",9 - ¶/ŸC4/I^,


s/Ÿ(\ ‡PCw(\ _fC66l s/ŸC4/I^, ‡PCwCm? Š/I^, _fC4/I^,
)€(–(\ )€ .4M (7K1 C/? cd6¡^,

=º+ +Ÿ/ Š* § .. $k 6<– * gf


=º+,½6 Š",9 cd6¡&U p<f 96 )™ *
)€ Us# ˜"– U (-.) U.,9 ˜¶4FÞ

(G) Ћ?l Š¤‹?l "P,'?Ð, ¡f GH0 Š",K14± Z,I8K_af,

G0(4 L< G% 5% e64D G0£* ¡f G0(,ƒ G% 5% e64D G0£œô =_af


‹ %, 6 Ä4? (=6ƒ ¡f /. à+“ G0G0£Š1‹<, +4|Df),
S+ .Éq?

œ6l !¡' Zñ$Ql - //P=¶ *-.


.HK Zñ$×^ =±'1 - e Z«,ƒ (=#\gf
=[+8
l =(4 Ä4 +x–? U. ˜",) co;I [Ä8ô#¡f Lq c(<ó1?

G C !¡' ~.4 - -,^  Z«4ƒ ­Ô‚1 -

¢+Ê( œ6[HQZR =<[)8


§ Œ^ (-.) U. œ6[HQZR (˜",) co;I
¢+œ7
.. .·"#$D4, .. Öm4, [Ä8 81, U Ö/1,
ô#¡^ U .·"#$7

.% U.GCGP4, .% Z[0£"4, U GCGP(1000) U.,K1, U Z[0£",1, U


u/8H[/Ü4,
.. =• u/8H[/ (108) U.,K1,

-. [m³>64, UHö+8
G8<-˜4, -. [m³>6,1, UHö+8
G8<-˜,1,
P+8
C1s% * 4 .4/P-†/w+G8<4, C1.47#c ­"‚‡±6 .4/P-†/w+G8<,1,

ˆmG8<4 ' -.$X+]


H ~– eM³l ˆmG8<,1 .no -.$X+]
H (š›
-.-!–)

831
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.4çPl § s4 #/?4 æ .4/P,1 p<f 61\ ,& #/?, ®
8–g
8x

/% GDŸ) ‹ %, 6 Ä4 ‹ %, 6 Ä4 ¡f U g.?£", (G% 5% e64D G0£",)


‹ % +4|Df, S+ .Éq =_af? S+ .Éq =_af?

Y7Z> ?@A#/ - 0/) 172RI/[#/

2.1 0/) 172R/; N!? ?4 (R\]

G6+ eY? ,6§ C¿.4/4 G6I# "P,¸,ƒ c®y# ,19 C1.47#


""PFÝl Z6(,ƒ "P3\45& -

e4˜º( .h‡K mH+ ‡PCw- e4˜ºÏ! .h‡Ó! mH+ ‡PCw._ -.'4a


Œ#
-.'4DPG? .4/Pƒ
›.4 Þ ß
Œ ì– à+“ .4/PG,Y(,1 sI Z<&4F,.

2.2 NU&^
J 01 172R/

C¿sÁ C !¡' - C1.47^  Z«4ƒ ­Ô‚1 -

<V\Gž4 [(64 Z•
¾l =HÚ
'4DP <V\ (=¨\) †+]
H,1 (.), ZB
¾ [(6 (eM)/$
Zªû/4 ˜,1 (e), =HÚ
'4DP ˜,1 (o) Ã_ƒ
* G4R4"‡±6 (. + e + o = -4 [‡},)
=K4+&456™

LS+] P)8.4/P-˜l
x .1l * (-4 =6‡^) LS+]
H, .4/P-˜,, +K‚<Ÿ+]
, =#
Œ.l
®Ha Z019 ­¶‚&.

2.3 NU&^
J 01 172R/8K ?7Q/;

‡Phw ,#l g?% ƒ(/P4 ü4ö ( -4 LS+]


H .4/P,6I) ‡PCw Aû, ƒ(–P
-¥ =G? 2<m ü4D®ý, -,^ 2</ =¬!6\Z.

2H3=ÉÚ
4a o˜ =4ƒ# I-?% =¨\Ä e/wé6 “.” †+] 3+]
H,6I, “e”SH 2- H
<V\ e/wÞ ˜,1, =HÚ
'4DP ˜,1 (o) G4R45 eÏ +-4O
U?G, co4

.Þl ˜ [Ä8eM 56 ~t
uɞ .6®ý1 JK [Ä8(4a eM †+]
H,b (-4
Z#§˜©% =14) [›
DÚb Z#§¨4'<ó1 (/Y0- .6®ý1
g0/w(4a K(4 c(<ó1).

832
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2.4 NU&^
J 01 172R/8K @A8/

GH6 „É6 .4YH MS "4+˜ GH6 6M „H,64a, .4YH <Ÿ+] M+ ÛD,


eGº +.ÓG6, 64a,

16 ,öP"
°?.4 -G6 eˆ64 † (ÙK !) °?. <H¾
,b, -G6, 16
®y#, †
)³/4 ,DPb )³4FF6\¡^,

¡. ÷f6?l /% CG84 ˆmK+]‰Q pX. vX² pX. CG8, ԙ


uI6\¡^,
G4o/4 ˆmK+]‰×Kb ͱo6\¡^,

= +]èsQ4 emw64 e/w6?4 ~/ =4/fw7& /6 e/w(42 /6 .6®ý dž– +4M


ИG4 G0£" И®ý1 Ä]
Î8 И®ýb 8994aF6\¡^,

úDÚ
l G:€+ G4S[4 Ì<K4 úDÚG:€+, <ó "PS3®
86\¡&6 š›
-,# Ì<K, ¥+]
¥+]
S4+]
Ï 54/(Á S4+]
b 54–4F4,

"Hsmw64 ù1K+]
4 ˜¤% .14 "Hs/w1 g«I^ 12 K+]
9 (-4 =14) ˜"4
c(<ó1.

2.5 Y7_ ?&^


J/M 01 172R/

<V\l U-(- U;? †Hl Ì<Kl <V\ (.) , U-(Q (e), UX? (ø), ˜-¨\ (=), Ì<K
=¶ ', (ZGH¯
) †+]
H,9 ÍXƒ ( . + e + ø + = + ◌l =
-.l)

[UX?l = U= <?<Gž]

D0è+]
x .4/P-˜l =(4 W4^ =+]
-K  .4/P-˜, (-.l) G-0ñ$u,K1
G-0ñ$u"PDl, "PgM4F1,

//l LS+]
H !+8
4 At?M g?% LS+]
H (-4) .4/P,6I <óº (M0 =+]
H -.l
e2?6 $X4O+4 .4/P,6I ÍÅ) Aû ¼DK_6Z .no
$X4O,9 = ­"‚‡±6Z.

=6ƒ -.l .4/P,6I ‡PCw Aû, ƒ(–Pü4D®ý,


-,^ 2</.

NOTE: $X4OU?G, =6ƒ .4/P,1 (ôY .4/P


†+]
H,K1) ef ùO,9ƒ cd =4_t
—M

833
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—( 6.l, /H>
+HU?G,Kb (=4_t ÙÕ? 6.l,
.«?sÕ? 6.l, =UqSÕ? 6.l, +#û—SÕ? 6.l,
+H/K "Ÿt
—Õ? 6.l) .no CŸDÏM U?G,9b
(CŸDÏ( 6.l, 3HÊ 6.l, 3µé 6.l, +<þ(
6.l, º/P/PÏ( 6.l, =g
Ë( 6.l) ­œ‚af.

2.6 L_ ?&^
J/M 01 172R/;

mH sÏ Hs =64O ¡? G0 ˜l mH+, (¹4), sÏ (ìë4), Hs (š›


4), =64O (Ø*
4), ¡?
' $k Z«l /Pè+]
x .4/P-˜l g?% (`4), G0 ˜ (-4) †+]
H,9 ef Z«,9ƒ “-.l”
G-0ñ$ujK"PDl, .4/P,6I ,4a6 c& J^ =+]
-K .4/P,ƒ
˜¶456@ e /P( =+]
H .4/P-˜, G-0ñ$u,K
jK,9 "PgM4F1.

=6ƒ, 1) ¹4 -.l 2) ìë
4 -.l 3) š›
4 -.l 4) Ø*
4 -.l
5) `4 -.l 6) -4 -.l

2.7 W;` ?&^


J/M 01 172R/;

D0è+]
Hl '4DP‹Y
P4b M0Z«l W4^ =+]
H,K -.l .4/P,6I 5<H '4DP.no
'7H+]
Hl, ‹DPc&6@ W4^ Z«,9ƒ U9O+]
-K
.4/P,K_1.

=6ƒ, 1) -.'4DPl 2) -.‹DPl.

At?M ŽH0<% 51(4 L/§l ' Aû ¼D½6 =4O,K1 ŽH0œ .4/P,KI


Z'+]
Al ­¶‚6¡€<ó  W4^ .4/P,KI ÍÅ =2 Z«4ƒ
Z'+]
×½6¡f á9®y6<ó1.

2.8 ab ?&^
J/M 01 172R/

G"P–B
u H% < eC CŸ% "4þx¾ (.) ˜,6I (e) "P–$— ˜, +D¶ Y#Ä 5<H “e(”
.1Hw/l, .no CŸD(,1 (6.l ) +D¶ "4' <H¾
,K
“-s( 6.l” =1 .4/P,1 s6äKI
#É}
34"‡±6M,

Z°0q/PAûl *
P+8
l "4Ä8
l ü4ö -s( 6.l .4/P,6I Z°0q7
Œ^ Aû, "4Ä8

834
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 11/47

=G? 2<m -4‹öP ˜[Ä8


l Œ^ 2</, -4 =1 "PÒsH¾
ü4D®ý, -.‹a , ˜[Ä8
"PÒsH¾
4 ~– +›
s%, =#  +›
.,ƒ ­"‚‡±6Z,

ª
Œ .Ñ? CŸM U³ ÷x0l ŠD§l ª
Œ .«?,64a, CŸD(,64a, U³(4a,
Z6?Ê6w14 vXK(4a, ŠD,K(4a U?G, c(<Kd6Mƒ
­"‚‡±6M.

PW¾
$X4O4 ŽH0<% ZY?% .4m lE PH¾
$X4O,9, .4m ,9, .4/P,b U?G,
.1U =GË
+4. ŽH0,<ó á9®y6<ó1.

[-4 CŸDÏ( 6.l, s4 3HÊ g0h, (4 3µé


jk, 64 +<þ( i4, .l º/P/PÏ( F$k]

2.9 Y7_, L_, W;`, ab ?&^


J/M 01 172R/Mc d#>Me8 @A8/

.Ñ? <64 +K‚/xl Jô œ$‚K/ <6 .«?,64a, +K‚<Ÿ+]


, JK,6, œ$‚K/
eGº, eG6,² Íf6\¡^,

K+]‰Ç6 "P_G/4 =+]


l )Ç6 K+]‰×#c '+“H€u6 U& OK «6®ý1 4FF6\¡^,
g(+4,

= +]èsQ4, †6S? +Ÿ/<?˜64, =4/fw7&6¡^, †6Äc ZG6+H›


b
Â[0H4, ÊZ4F‡^¡^, Â[0f^,

˜IùH KG% šHJ


4, °?.4, 3H®ý² ˜;Kb 8994a¡^, (ÙK !) °?,^,
,#Oî<Ÿ/4 ,1Kc "& ûu4'‡±6¡^,

K+]‰Ç6 «Ÿ/l ü/P4 =Ò¡ œ$‚+ K+]‰×^ ü/P, "™


uy6ƒ, œ$‚+ Zs6,²
!"& Íf6\¡^,

D°G?.Ò64 °4/4 G ®Ö›


< D[+4K# G4C&456¡^, "P°47^, ®Ö›
<
Zñ$Q4 Zñ$îaKc ͱ6¡^ =¬6

Ú@ ˜Ï´ž
L<4 KÃ 7 <H¾K+]
4 ˜¤%  £",ƒ K³456 e š›
-,# .4/P, ˜(,
.14 )f¡^ K+]gf
*˜¶4'<ó1.

2.10 fg ?&^
J/M 01 172R/;

G0S.[Ä8¡? KØ]‰ G8¡Y?l G0 (-4), S. (Ø*


4), [Ä8(ìë4), ¡? (`4), KØ]‰ (š›
4), G8<
"4'<H¾
Sl $k =+]
Hl (¹4) eM ˜,K1 "4'<H¾.4/P,b (=6ƒ
-s(6.l) ˜/+D¶ ef <H¾
,K .4/P,9

835
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 12/47

$k Z«l g?% '7H0H¯jK"PDl ef Z«,Kƒ ˜¶456@ '7H0H¯œftHž


,9 («Hw -
=Hž- S. - ¥+]
,9) K³4F1.

[$k =+]
H .4/P,9 = 1. -4 -s( 6.l, 2. Ø*
4
-s( 6.l, 3. ìë4 -s( 6.l, 4. `4 -s(
6.l, 5. š›
4 -s( 6.l, 6. ¹4 -s( 6.l]

"4'[% s/ŸS .4/P<H¾"PÐ?+ [= 14± +]<HI] 50 <H¾


,K‘ =+]
H,K1 "PÐ?+,ƒ
ŽH0+4 ,4a œ ˜/ c(ƒ

KØ]‰ ¡? .6w»Ml ' m-M g?% KØ]‰ (š›


4), ¡? (`4), .6wÒ (Ø*
4), mH (¹4) †+]
H,Kb
=º+» ÍÅ +D¶6@ =º+ Z«,9ƒ -. .4/P,9
LH‚^1.

š›
-. .6wÒ L¢+4 †M =4/H¯
b .6wÒ ˜, (Ø*
4) ¼D½6 '7H0H¾eM ˜,K1 (š›
4,
.1l '7H0H¾
l G L< g?% $X0x¾ `4, Ø*
4, ¹4) š›
-. .4/P,b Í& $;0H¾.4/P,9ƒ
¡4L/ "PDl cd ˜¶456@ GH0 ú‹ ¡4ü9 dMÚ
4F1.

=6ƒ - ¹4 -4 -.'4DPl, ¹4 -4 -.‹DPl, š›


4 -4
-.'4DPl, š›
4 -4 -.‹DPl, ¼DK_ .4/P,9.

2.11 h3i, j7kl, 81m ?7nA&^


J/M 01 172R/;

g0h =4b i4jk =4b ¡ 6–  -. .4/P,KI 5<H‘ g0h ôY i4jk ôY


=4b ¡ ‹ % 6.l cH<F1,

P( g0h, ¹4 -4 -.'4Y
[¹4 -4 -.'4Y P(
P( 6.l, ¼DK_
i4jk, ¹4 -4 -.'4Y
£",K‘ .4/P,9 !'&4'<F1]

[g0h =6ƒ CZ®ý 2</KI Ã_ƒ =4a1 ƒ+!


=#]

16,c +9_ ‹(,,


[i4 jk co¡^ =6ƒ =†
al¸,K1 vK¨4F¡^]

uZ4[% !/8H [/ MDl


=(4 =t  Z«,ƒ $X+]
H .4/P,KI ¿; ~H p#qM
$k <H¾Â&/l (128) MD£",9 !6\Z

836
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‡Phw G4¥C6l [Ä8


l DÄ]
îJ&8
l ‡PCw, G¥wC1^, [Ä8
, DÄ]
îJ&8 8è^, 3ä^ -
, =O®
L< ' =OG8èl ' 3<l *
PS8 ,6§ f <fGƒ ef =+]
H,KI AB9,
=1+›
s% ~!,

ü4ö ƒ(/PG4˜14 ' š›


-.l ' L< ƒ(–Pü4D®ýƒ Î54'‡^6M , š›
-,N 2</
2<m

=Ò¡ S. †2l Z°0qbP,#l ôY S. ˜, (Ø*


4) ¼DK_6Z (=6ƒ ¹4, š›
4, Ø*
4,
.Þl `4, ìë
4, -4)  .4/P,6I †+]
H,9,
Œ^ Aû =# ­"‚<F1,
Z°0q7

ü4ö 2¡?M ƒ(„P-.‹öP=G? ƒ(„P2<ma9 ü4D®ý, -.‹a


Œ^ 2</,
2<m

˜[Ø8(»ŽH04 $k <H¾=1 [Ä8 ˜,9 ~4/I ŽH0, ­¶‚6 Z«,ƒº ef


Z6?Ê% +›
s% =+]
H,KI +›
.,ƒ =60¬4Fy6<ó1

‡PCwH4«PN
ŒrHwÑ? CŸ% U³ ‡PCwH4«P,64a, ª
Œ .«?,64a, CŸD(,, U³,
÷fB ŠD§l vX9, ŠD,K(4a

Ol $k 2H3
oP8
lE PW¾
¡ .4m lE¡ ef †+]
H,K 2H3
<H¾
,Kb S#, .4/P,Kb S#
$X4O+4 $X4O,K1 +HU?G, .no CŸD(U?G,
­œ‚y6<ó1

2.12 "Z&^
J 1op h3i, j7kl, 81m ?7nA&^
J 01 172R/MK @A8/

SK =4Õ«H S4– S4/4 =#[4 ÙK!S4– <4€ [´H Q( #H4/H, OK¡^,


-GU% ed/4 -G64 ®y# Íf6\¡^,

P4 †
,Y 16.R4 D>64 ="H4 16,DP‘ (†
† 16.o&) !6\¡^, e²6 CG8,b
84À˜4 †1#
Cg "Dw, «&456 ‹4¨.‘ !6\¡^,

ˆm4 ŠHE@Om4 GxfC+-4 uy# Za?K*/ <ó !6\ ˆ/c


"Dw, "™
Za?% #ù4 -<4 "[?4/4 4X‡^F6\¡^,

.II4ƒM ZZ> +‘‚l ˜0Ó4O4 Ä´;4 ¼D½6 ZZ« e‹HQ,9b )³4FF6\¡&6


‹5 -,# ‹S4FFU\1

2.13 N_ ?&^
J/M 01 172R/;

-.l ' '4DP‹DP=4b 51=4b -.'4DP.no -.‹DP5<H6 e( =# ('7&ž


6–ob M0> Z‹Ä8
b), Y#Ä =4/,‘ 6.l (CŸD(,) ˜/c(ƒ

837
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 14/47

W4^ Z«,9ƒ

P( 6.l 2) -.‹Y
[ 1) -.'4Y P( 6.l ]

G"8=+]
x .4/P-˜l GH0 S. L^ =+]
-K .4/P-˜,9 =¬ GH0 úM'ÝK1
jK"PDl jD4"5o1

2.14 q)rO ?&^


J/M 01 172R/;

m-M GV/l Gl =¶ M0ZT mH+, (¹4), sÏ (ìë4), Hs (š›


4), =64O (Ø*
4), ¡?
u+]
=t x ./l (`4), G0 ˜ (-4) †+] 8+]
H,K GV/,ƒ e GŠ H
.4/P,9 W4^ Z«,9ƒ =t
u+]
H .4/P,9ƒ
ÍÅ áD(<F1

P( 6.l, ¹4 -.‹Y
[ ¹4 -.'4Y P( 6.l ]
[ìë P( 6.l, ì
4 -.'4Y ë P( 6.l ]
4 -.‹Y
[ š› P( 6.l, š›
4 -.'4Y P( 6.l ]
4 -.‹Y
[ Ø* P( 6.l, Ø*
4 -.'4Y P( 6.l ]
4 -.‹Y
P( 6.l, `4 -.‹Y
[ `4 -.'4Y P( 6.l ]
P( 6.l, -4 -.‹Y
[ -4 -.'4Y P( 6.l ]

mH4 -. '7Hž=4/l )›
X =GË
4 /&4"co -. [‡},b 5<H6 ('7&žZ‹Ä8
b) e(
<V\/K‚ƒ £", +D¶ =4/,‘ CŸD( (6.l) =GË
,b
“-s(6.l” =¨\G4§O._1

[Note: “e(” =1Y#Ä “'7Hž


” UUHž
,. -. [‡}
£", '7&žZ‹Ä8
‘ -s( <=6ƒ -,# yUI>
=_1. ]

ux¾=(4 "x .4/PAt?Ml


=t u+]
 =t H "H. .4/P,KI At?a9 $X+]
H
g?% $XH¾
<% .4/P, <ó á9®y6<ó1

u+]
œ6l =t HG? =Ò -. L< Aûl u+]
.UK =t H .4/P,6I ÍÅ -,N Aû =#
GwÈ/l _&8
4Fy6<ó1

ƒ(/P4 ü4D ~– =G? 2<m -. ƒ(–Pü4D®ý =#,  .4/P,6I -,N 2</ =#,
L< ' .no

838
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 15/47

mH4 š› ˜oOw4 ' 8èD§


˜[S š› ˜,b ͱ [Ä8 ˜,9 ˜/"U56 -.
.ml .4/P,9 /&4"co6Mƒ á9®y6<ó1

[ ¹4 š› P( 6.l, ¹4 š›
-.'4Y P( 6.l ]
-.‹Y
[ìë
4 š› P( 6.l, ì
-.'4Y ë4 š› P( 6.l ]
-.‹Y
[ š›
4 š› P( 6.l, š›
-.'4Y 4 š› P( 6.l ]
-.‹Y
[ Ø*
4 š› P( 6.l, Ø*
-.'4Y 4 š› P( 6.l ]
-.‹Y
[ `4 š› P( 6.l, `4 š›
-.'4Y P( 6.l ]
-.‹Y
[ -4 š› P( 6.l, -4 š›
-.'4Y P( 6.l ]
-.‹Y

PH¾
$X4O4 ' //l I-?% .4m l P+]
e .4m H,K1 Z±ƒ $X4O U?G,6I
L< ÀMÚ
sÁ (+HU?G,, CŸD(U?G,) ÀMÚ
.479
+4a"UFy6<ó1

mH4 š› ˜oOw4 ' -s( 6. š› ˜,b +D¶ -s( 6.l (“š›


-s(6.l”) =#
!'É% !'&456@ /&4"co1

*4 ¹4
å ˜4 <2% sÏ4 CŸ% *4, ¹4, sÏ (ì
å ë4) ˜,9b -s( .no
-s( œ6l ' m4 CŸD(, (6.l) ˜/"U5 œ6š+HQ, (repeated
combinations) cd6@ =Z

[ 1) ¹4 š›
4 -s( 6.l, 2) ¹4 ìë4 -s( 6.l, 3)
*4 š›
å *4 ì
4 -s( 6.l, 4) å ë
4 -s( 6.l ]

3r s -. .4bP=(4 <G0H¾
®8 3r s -. .4/P,9 =6‡^6Z, ~Z G0H¾
.(
<®"PDl `[0H?,9 "PgM4F6Z

P)8ƒ(/P4 ü4D
Aûl GY3<l * €Ä GY3ä^ Aû =#, ƒ(–Pü4D®ý =#
!'?Ð ­"‚‡#1

3r s -.'4öP=/P2<m Œ^ €Ä 2</ =# <&¾


3r s -.'4a 4"‡#1
"&Ø&8
/l

2H3
Ï s(Ï =4ƒ# mH sÏ ˜,K 2H3
G0H,Kb (hë4, ìë V 4, W
4, Æ P4,
"4þH¾o+8
Ï ë
· 4, Cël) $X4O,9 -. "4þH¾
, (6¥-s()
o+8
,ƒ U?G,9 ­œ‚y6<ó1.

[hë4 ¹4 6¥ -s( CŸDÏ( 6.l, ìë4 ¹4 6¥


V 4 ¹4 6¥ -s( 3µé
-Ï( 3HÊ g0C, Æ
F$k, W V 4 ¹4
P4 ¹4 6¥ -s( +<þ( i4, Æ

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6¥ -s( º/P/PÏ( F$k, Cël ¹4 6¥ -.(


Ë( jk]
=g

2.15 6s t 01 @A8/

-.4 –Pº/P4 ísHÚ


>&Q4 (GH0Y<-®K‘) Hq4F¡^, –Pº7
Œ^,
XD64 "H4 =HÚ
'4DP>f^, XK>&, (–P_î/w+ "P+Ÿ–Ä)
"H¦6¡^,

‹íwl Z[/ G-04O4 +"&}


64 G-04O,K4a ‹Gw, «&456¡^ =¬6 +"&}
#
!ŠGw{ (˜I\;>&#) !Šd4FFU\1

8U\,. =6ƒ -.
[~+“X -,# 3<£",‘ >?#®
3< =MD, "P+€4'‡^F6\M.]

-. =³-.4 æ4DH? ˆs4 -,# ¶Po-9, =q/¦6 æ4DH?4 +KM, '4Y


PSH
ís</4dS4 +H¾
ª$Q,9 +KM,

Š°4I[ «1-]Q«-4 >?©% (D4±4F;I) Š°4I[,1, «6®ý ÃQ,K1


–P‘'U4 «&4F6M

>?(– L<4 <H¾


K+]
4 ˜"/H‚Q =™<4€ ŠH0„ G0£¶é6 ˆ/1 =+]
HK+]˜",
//‚Hl [›
DÚb cd

^K0"çPl j½l œ_`l –K-eOèl ^K0"/P,Kb, jK,Kb, œ$‚,Kb, 1ä09


"4+Ol iº% z¬?b, m.H œ$‚,Kb ·., c(<ó1

G0(4 eÏ4– #«(l dDÚ


(l ' G0(,ƒ <F #R<4€¡^, dMÚ+D¨4F¡^
®H ¶ýml .no 2</KI ÍÅ )&6M ~F¡^

u+]
œ6l =t HG? =Ò ‡PCw ƒÏ/P u+]
=t H .4/P,b "H‡PCwé6 -ä# .UK
-¡l Ø&8
4­D1

8 Z51Ïl š› ˜4 ..
At?D(® At?aK1 á9®y# š›
4 ˜,b º1 [Ä8
G0£œ&6
[Ä8
+4

/% PçèZ#§Ol ' .4m


PW¾
lE=4O -,# P–yUI .4m
PH¾
,9 Z‹S45 ¡€b
+K‚U =4OU?G, +D‚4­D1

Ì6H =a¯D +4+Al .GOAl Ì6H +4+Q,9 .GOQ,9 [´-4O,K4a


Zö?/s64 GY «&45 pK*œ‚b "PS3®
86\

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-.4 ŠH0Q '4DP)€ GDŸ[l üÐPQ )€ ŽH¾ ŒKb Gs6¦6 9^_b Z-S9
'4a *F6\
 -S/4 -,#

{. G84‹ GCGP•X[oÐ .Ñ? "Dhf K G84‹,9 OK áK*# .h .4X",


.h .Qc
¤ .«?,6

2 [4 ‹HmM³l "&<Ÿ/4 -. Œ^, ‹H7^ ¼D½6¡f Fd


2 4a u !6\
‹5 °?.K4 ÙK!°?,&6 š›
-,# ‹S4FFU\1

v&^
2.16 ?u J 01 172R1E2A/

Ä4 .4çPl ‡i³l Z6[0Hj½l (-. .4/P, SI4Å ~/H,½6) =º+ Z«,½6


eÏG geèl <Ÿ» .4/P,9 p4aKI? =<Ù\ 6345*© jK,ô
~<0OD¨6Z. ²ƒ =Z gR4F;I p4b eÏG
"PÏG9 "X<ó1. e jK,KÙ\ <Ÿ»©.

Ä45% ‘‹ Zm6 s/PZj½l y4/ "P‘‹"U5 Z+€/¦ 5<HI #$:K, =¬


G4gH al¸ e<Wl G4gH al¸,1 á5ÔÿuZ.

L+l G6\¶ GH0.4/PjKö ‘ùM :Ì:+“ .4/P,b GH0.4/P,K jK,9 ~F6M,


ö•l S/l ‘‹, (e[) ¼D½6 ö$,9 ˜¬4"co6M,

š›
-.l [HQ4 .. ~– G//4 “š› u+]
-.l [HQ4 ..” =º Â =t H.4/P,º GH0Y
.4bP=(4 =t
u+]
Hl ˜¶4'D¨6M.

u+]
L<4 =t Hl G.?? G"8> "&Ø&8
/l u+]
 =t H .4/P, '+“ƒ L^ Z«,9ƒ ­"‚‡±6M

P(6.l, ¹4 -.‹Y
1. ¹4 -.'4Y P(6.l
2. ìë P(6.l, ì
4 -.'4Y ë P(6.l
4 -.‹Y
3. š› P(6.l, š›
4 -.'4Y P(6.l
4 -.‹Y
4. Ø* P(6.l, Ø*
4 -.'4Y P(6.l
4 -.‹Y
P(6.l, `4 -.‹Y
5. `4 -.'4Y P(6.l
P(6.l, -4 -.‹Y
6. -4 -.'4Y P(6.l
7. š›
-.l [HQ4 ..

2.17 wrxO ?&^


J/M 01 172R/;

8+]
-. GŠ x .4/PeD?4Ð mH 8+]
-. GŠ H .4/P,KI ¼D9 5<H “¹4”
G4o/l ˜/"U56@

841
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6< =x¾.4/P-˜l g?% /$4 6¡+]


H .4/P,9 =_1, 5<HÄ €Ä ÍÅ $k <H¾
$X0H¾
<% 6?Ê% .4/P,KI <ó U?G, ­œ‚y6<ó1.

~Z 6¡+]
H .4/P,9 -
P(6.l ¹4
1. ¹4 -.'4Y
P(6.l ¹4
2. ¹4 -.‹Y

2.18 (O ?&^
J/M 01 172R/

†6Ø <K*‹4 514/4 <{\l †Ï †6Ø <K*‹4 =4/,6 e( (51) .no =¨\Ä ùH?
i4 eM+4 (=6ƒ g0h 2</) e ,4a i4 c&6@ “†6Ø
<K*ù( i4 g0h”

D[ =+]
x =(4 .4/Pl g?% GH0 Â D°+]
H .4/P, GH0 úM'Ý9 jK"PD, co1
=ñ$ujK"PDl

D[ =+]
HG? .4/PG? <d•
— =G?  "M =+]
H,K .4/P,KI <dB
—^ Aû
Aûl

Z-k ü4ö =G? 2<m -.l Z-k ü4D®ý .no ˆ/1 ŠGO›
CQ, cd6
ˆmŠG"&O›
Cl -,N 2</

eö? ˜4 M0l [Ä8


l S!6 =4O4 2#Ä eM ˜,K‘ ¼D€f6 -4 ˜,, M0 (g0h)
ě
Ï .m [Ä8 *4, Ø*
, S. ˜,c (S *4, P*
4, Í 4,
E *4, +*
ï l) =4OU?G
ě
(I á9®y6<ó1

[eM ˜,9 = G0 (-4) , S. (Ø*


4), [Ä8(ìë4), ¡? (`4),
KØ]‰ (š›
4), G8< (¹4) ]

Œ .Ñ? m9 +ɾ
3x KÓ; ª B CŸM 3H®ý, 1af, ª
Œ .«?,, m9 (=6ƒ Þf .no
=¶ ,I“ .«?,6), ­ä9, CŸD(, .no

¾%
U³ ÷f †1 Š2B D°- žUK‘
U³, vX9, ¥Sgh, ŠD,9 -  "M g
Z6?Ê% .Þl (D°+]
H .4/P,‘#) "M =+]
H,Kb (+H .no
CŸD() U?G, ­œ‚y6<ó1

2.19 01 @A8/

=§>?6OÉ H/\5ÐPæ<H¾.Qc
¤ =§>?6OH.4a H/\,Kb 5/P,Kb ͱ6 ®<H¾
.4X",64a

842
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.4YHœ_`l e‡DÚZmº .4YHœ$‚,Kb +€u6 bHQ,9 =4F9 +D¨6


bHî45Ð d4hGº Gsˆ64 œ$‚+ d4hG6, ÛD '+“ƒ Íf# !6\ -ä#
œ$‚+ !"& -<4

H)]
³l C&³l 2l M<?Ï6Oçl -+]
®Kc/, ¡6fKc/, 2</Kc/, M<?
úil Zs6,K(4a !6\¡&c, ú‹+fKc

8 (s64 ,#³l "PW@l '


G4Î 8–4"‡±6¡^, öd”hb
,19c '+“ƒ ®
"&ÊZ/4 6.G“&4'‡±6¡^, .no ‹Ä8
b ÊZ4"‡±6¡^,

ˆ/ =K4+Ÿ/ ¡. =4O4 K+]‰Ç6 pX. "P+“6 ˆm GV/ =K4+Ÿ7^, K+]‰×#b


G.#0/4 ͱo6\¡^,

°?.4 "PG6\ <D64 GH0 e‹HQ ¾^, "PG6\¦6 ,¸, +K¡^, =#\
°?.<f
ªû/4 e‹HQ,9 «&456 -,#

>?Ï% L<4 ˜¤% .4/P4 <H¾ 8 D°+]


>?#Î H .4/P,1 =66? ÀMÚ
b =+]
H K+]
K+]
4 =66? j ˜¶4'<ó1

2.20 (O ?&^
J/M 1y 01 172R/

-.4 514/4 «1t‚Q© =4/l -.4 5<H e((51) /f¡/ «1t‚Q© e 5<H =¨\
g?% <V\ ®4D´ à+“ ùH?é6 g0h (=6ƒ “-s( «1t‚Q©
g0h”)

D[ =+]
x =(4 .4/Pl g?% ,#l  D°+]
H .4/P,6I ‡PCw Aû, Z-k ü4D®ý,
‡PCw Z-k GwÈ/l ü4D®
8, 2<m -+]
GG4h&é6 -,N 2</ =# ­"‚‡#1
P)8-¥ -+]
* G.H}
6l

/$4 7 ŽH0<% I-?% *ƒ


q¨D6<Ù\ (=4OU?G4) ~M<HI ­"‚‡±6™
þ"ÃQ«H4 GwÉ% á9®y# «1-]Q,9 «&456 -,# Gw&4'<ó1.

2.21 (Fz7_ ?&^


J/M 01 172R/;

mH sÏ Hs =64O ¡? G0 Ol mH+, (¹4), sÏ (ìë4), Hs (š›


4), =64O (Ø*
4), ¡?
' $±0«l (`4), G0 ˜ (-4) †+]
H,Kb ef Z«,9ƒ

D[ =x¾.4/P-˜g?% fDP<-
¾/w) "M =+]
-K .4/P,K GV/,ƒ LSD[ .4/P,9
.1l =_1

1. ¹4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h

843
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2. ìë4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h


3. š›
4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h
4. Ø*
4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h
5. `4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h
6. -4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h

/$4 $k <H¾
<% 51(4 U?G q¨D6Z (At?a9), U?G >?Ua9 ef =+]
H,K
>?UM+4 Àel .4/P,KI (¹4 -s( 6.l ¼DK_6Z) <ó
Àk9 á9®y6<ó1

2.22 ({]7_ ?&^


J/M 01 172R/;

Y0D[ =+]
H .4/PG? š›
-¥ Aûl Y0D[ =+]
H .4/P,KI š›
-,N Aû =# ­"‚‡#1,
!'?Ð, ˜O„ ü4D ~– !+8
4 š›
-¥ ˜O„ ü4D®ý =#, š›
-,N 2</ =# á9®y6<ó1
2<m ./l

"PQr ˜4 ~– !+8
l Ø*
4 [Ä8
lìë4' "PQ<! (¹4) ˜, =#, Ø*
4 [Ä8=#, .no ìë4 ØK+4
ØK+4 =# ­"‚‡#1

.4ÐPQ =4ƒ# Z6?G? 3$u4 .4/P,b =4O,9 (+H, CŸD() U?G,Kà+“ ZR


ŽH0<% e'É% Z>6, ŽH0, ­"‚‡±6 .4/P,KI <ó
e'&4'<ó1

mH4 sÏ4 G,' eH? mH+, (¹4), sÏ (ìë4) ö+8


G0H ˜,Kb ͱ
‹HmO›
˜ ~– =¶ ef?&6 ‹HmO›
˜ =#

-4 Ø*
4 <V\†( =4/4 .4bP -4 (G0 ˜,), Ø*
4 (=64O) ˜,Kb ͱ .no
=(4 Y0D[ =+]
Hl =¨\à+“ ùH?é6 g0h2Z (=6ƒ g0h =1 [‡},)
=4/?,6 c&6Z  Y0D°+]
H .4/P,9

1) ¹4 ìë4 ‹HmO›
˜ -. Ø*
4 g0h

¹4 CŸ% ‹O<Ð -.'4DP‹l


P' P( (.&o) ¹4 6¥
2) ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y
51om P(
‹O<Ð -.‹Y

=H“ =x¾M0ZT =¶ =G? Aû =¨\ †+]


H,Kb W4^ Z«,½6 Â "z\4^
8 ˜O„ '
>?UM ŽH0<%, ü4D® =+]
H,K .4/P,KI ÍÅ Aû, >?Ua9 ŽH0,
PW¾
L< .4m lE=4O +K‚U <ó ­"‚<ó1, ˜O„ ü4D®ý =#, .no eÏ
P+]
.4m H,9b =4OU?G,9 +D‚4Fy6<ó1

2.23 (FL_ ?&^


J/M 01 172R/
844
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2.23 (FL_ ?&^


J/M 01 172R/

š› 8@ ˜(-.
-. ~– "D4 ' !S š›
-. =º "D,1, Y# /f¡/ ˜(-. =# ­¶‚
//l "H4

Pn1-. ~–
˜(D0(4 <2% Š *­¶‚ Š
e²6 ˜( =16M W4^gf P01½6¡f
.1-˜+l .1BK‘ !/8,&6 -. =# 5<H cfy#6@

“š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.” =1 .4/P, =_1.

/P§ D[ =H¾At?M ŽH0<%  "DJ^ =+]


H,K .4/P,6I At?a9
GH0S.Dl ŽH0œ .4/P, <ó ­œ‚y# GH0úM'ÝK1
+4D<F1

"DD0( M0H e<ŸÐ8l =4O4 >?64 "DD0(,K1 ­œ‚y14 D°+]


H .4/P, <ó =4O
D[ =H¾
<% U?G >?6,9 ­œ‚y6<ó1.

[š›
-. -. CŸDÏ( 6.l, š›
-. ˜(-. 3HÊ
g0h, ¼DK_6Z  Z«,ƒ L-‚™
c®y6<F1.]

2.24 ([];` ?&^


0M 01 172R/;

m-M GV/l Gl =¶ G '7H}


[ mH+, (¹4), sÏ (ìë4), Hs (š›
4), =64O (Ø*
4), ¡?
<H¾
+l (`4), G0 ˜ (-4) †+]
H,Kb "DJ^ =+]
-K
.4/P, "Y\9_ =+]
-K .4/P,9 =_1

¹4 š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.
ìë
4 š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.
š›
4 š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.
Ø*
4 š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.
`4 š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.
-4 š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.

2.25 (O|4 ?&^


0M 01 172R/

/P§D[ =H¾
4 !' eH? "°% -. "DJ^ =+]
-K .4/P,I 5<H -. c&6@
~– §˜©%

845
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 22/47

G  "4'D[ =H¾
®8 ˜"m4 +K‚ =M "M{1 =+]
-K .4/P, =_1, =M ˜¶4F¡&Ä
ªfCl +K‚<Ÿ+]
._1

“š›
-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -. -.”

2.26 (Fig ?&^


0M 01 172R/

6.l ' ˆm"/© -s( ~– *


6.l .no ˆm"/© -s( =# C6 W4^gf
C6D0(4 ­¶‚

8 +<' =GË=4/l •X[ =+]


//® H Y# 5<H +<', (i4 jk) c&6 "Dhf =+]
H,K
Â&/l .4/P, =_1

“6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk”

/G? =OG8è Aûl ü4ö ‡ŸC„ e .4/P,6I =O®


8è^ Aû =#, ‡ŸC„ ü4D®ý,
2<m ' Gl š›
-,^ 2</,

-4 ˜4 [Ä8
l =GË
4 ' ØK+4 i4 -4 ˜,, jk [Ä8.no i4 ØK+4 =# ­"‚‡#1
~– Â&/4

M0 "4'–P'7l <W¾
lEGõ@l =4O4  .4/P,‘# W4^, J^, U9_, `a =+]
H,9
6?Ê% +›
s% ˜/c®y# +›
.,ƒ =4O,9 ­œ‚y6<ó1

2.27 (O|_ ?&^


0M 01 172R/;

m-M GV/l Gl =¶ .4/Pl G"8 mH+, (¹4), sÏ (ìë4), Hs (š›


4), =64O (Ø*
4), ¡?
D[ =+]
Hl (`4), G0 ˜ (-4) †+]
H,Kb "Dhf =+]
-K
.4/P, "M{^ =+]
-K .4/P,9 =_1

¹4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk


ìë
4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk
š›
4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk
Ø*
4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk
`4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk
-4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk
16,c +9_ ‹(,,
[i4 jk co¡^ =6ƒ =†
al¸,K1 vK¨4F¡^]

846
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2.28 (}~)rO ?&^


0M 01 172R/

mH4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -4 514/4 .h ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h /f¡/


//l

œft( "D4 "°% CŸ% =4b œft( "D, /f¡/ CŸD(, (6.l) 5<H
uD°+]
=t Hl u+]
c&6 =t H .4/P, =_1

“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l”

Z°0qbP,#l ü4ö ƒ(/P4 e .4/P,KI Z°0q7


Œ^ Aû, ƒ(–Pü4D®ý,
2<m ' Gl -,^ 2</

2.29 (7wrxO ?&^


0M 01 172R/;

SsM GV/l Gl =¶ .4/P S. (š›


4) ¼DK_ †+]
H,9 c&6@ "4vqwM
L)6Z4[+l =+]
H,K .4/P,9 =_1

“¹4 š›
4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l”
“¹4 ìë4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l”
“¹4 Ø*
4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l”
“¹4 `4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l”

2.30 J€ ?&^


0M 01 172R/

mH4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( ~– ¹4 (mH+,) 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( =# "D, "DÄ


"D4 <2%

GH0 [‡}4 G,' eH? æùO?4 2V GH0 =º [‡}4 +D¶ Ã_ƒ æùO?4 2V ! =# ­¶‚
! <2%

<V\†Ï4 /» !þH? .4bP 8 ) g0h =#


(=¨\2ä# ùH?é6 g0h2Z# Î5Î
Z4[ =H¾
) ./l c& ~H =+]
-K .4/P, á9®y6<ó1

“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( GH0 æùO?4 2V ! g0h”

847
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 24/47

2.31 J€ <& ?&^


0M 01 172R/

mH4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( G+K4 ¹4 (mH+,) 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( G+K4 =# "DÄ


<2%

e"#\¡Hî( ~– <V\†Ï4 e"#\¡Hî( =# g0h =# ­¶‚


/b <2%

L+Z4[ =H¾
) .4/Pl ~H :+€ =+]
-K .4/P, =1y#6@ GH0úM'Ý9
G-0ñ$ujK"PDl dMÚ
4F1

“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( G+Ó"#\¡Hî( g0h”

2.32 J€ Y7_ ?&^


0M 01 172R/

mH4 Hs G0 ˜4 ' /b ¹4 (mH+,) š›


4 (Hs) -4 (G0 ˜4) .no
Y[H»( ' Y[H»( =# .no

//l ˆm<K*ù( G-0ñ$u"D4 Y#Ä ˆm<K*ù( G-0ñ$u=º "D, ­¶‚


<2%

/b Y( CŸD4b =(4 .4bP Y#Ä Y( ͱ 6.l (CŸD(,) =# c& ~H W4^


Y0Z4[% =+]
Hl =+]
-K .4/P, c®y6<ó1

“¹4 š›
4 -4 Y[H»( ˆm<K*ù( G-0ñ$uY(
6.l”

2.33 J€ L_ ?&^


0M 01 172R/

mH4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H -s( ¹4 (mH+,) 6¥ ‹O<Ð H -s( =# '+“ƒ


G4<2% ­œ‚y#

ŒÁ C6 D04D04 <V\
G+K [o ŒÁ /f¡/ C6 [‡}, W4^ gf
G+K [o *­¶‚ g0h
†Ï4 /b <2% =# ­¶‚6@

/P§Z4[% =+]
x .4/Pl  ~H J^ =+]
H,K .4/P, GH0 (=4/l)
Œ#‡HT
GH0[7 Ql ΊK1 634"co1
[7

ŒÁ C6 C6
“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H -s( G+K [o
g0h”

848
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Z°0qbP,#l *
P)8ƒ(„Pü4D  .4/P,6I Z°0q7
Œ^ Aû =#, ƒ(„Pü4D®ý
!'?Ð =# ­"‚‡#1

2<m H-¥ =æ †Y?l 2#Ä H-,N 2</ =#, †a9 ( ˜,, [Ä8
, ØK+4)
ŽH0<% .ml ŽH0 .4/P,KI <ó á9®y6<ó1

JK.4/PZùp6 U?gÁ +Ÿm0 ZþHQ"f9 JK.4/P,1 (ef "D,9ƒ)


Z'+]
Ql Z‹S45 (+H, CŸD() U?G,9 c(<ó1

2.34 ‚J 0/) @A8/

[H4 «1û G4>( –$—4/4 -<Q ÃQ,1 «1®ýI G4R45 -<×# œ


!1w¸4 * !6\,
4FF6\™

<˜PŠG4 HÒ e£q4 -.4 >?m0 CG8,64a <˜P(eo«,1) «&45, HÒ,1


˜¤% .14 =RxV456 -,# >?6, c(<ó1.

2.35 J€ W;` ?&^


0M 01 172R/

mH4 6¥ ‹O<Ð š›
-s( "D4 ¹4 (mH+,) 6¥ ‹O<Ð š›
-s( =# ­¶‚
<2%

mH+ ‡PCwÇ ' !S


8@ s4 m-( mH+ ‡PCwÇ =# ­¶‚ .no s4 m-( (61\
"D4 <2% /&4"c¬) =# ­¶‚

6.l m-/w) .4/Pl '7&04[– 6.l ¹4 =# c&6 .4/P, ~H U9_ =+]
-K
.4/P+l .4/P._1

“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð š›
-s( mH+ ‡PCwÇ s4 m-(
6.l ¹4”

†M+4 (» ŽH04 GH04 I-?% ˜, ¼DK_6Z L Z«,ƒ ŽH0, ef =+]


-K
$k =H¾
<% -. .4/P,6I ­"‚‡#Þ =Ù\ e Z«,ƒ
á9®y6<ó1

2.36 J€ ab ?&^


0M 01 172R/

S.l mx 6–l ' L< /b ‹O<Ð Ø*


4 (S. ˜,) ¹4 (mH+ ˜,) 6.l ͱ ‹O<Ð
"D4 =1 "D,

849
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 26/47

P( ' !' eH? G+K ~–


-.'4Y P( Í& G+K =º "D,b ­œ‚y#
-.'4Y
"D4 <2%

˜6 <[?+-( ~– g0h Ss/w) ˜6 <[?+-( g0h =# cHƒ ~M Ss/w+ .4/P,


.1l

GH0<[?) .4/Pl "4'Z4[– <H¾


+l GH0 <š+HQ .4/P, ~H `a =+]
H,9 +KM

“Ø* P( G+K ˜6 <[?+-(


4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y
g0h”

2.37 J€ fg ?&^


0M 01 172R/

8.4/Pl $k
el mÉQ G4oï (Â ~H `a =+]
-K -. .4/P,6I) ¼D96 ¹4
Z4[% =+]
Hl o+8
,ƒ c&6@ ~M ~H ef =+]
-K .4/P,
=_1.

“¹4 Ø* P( G+K ˜6
4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y
<[?+-( g0h”

2.38 J€ N_ ?&^


0M 01 172R/

=4Ð =¶ mH G4o+8
l G"8Z4[– 5<H ÍÅ ¹4 (mH+,) o+8
,ƒ c&6@ ~M ~H
<H¾
+l L^ =+]
-K .4/P, =_1.

“¹4 Ø* P( G+K ˜6
4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y
<[?+-( g0h ¹4”

2.39 J€ q)rO ?&^


0M 01 172R/

mH4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)]


\ Z[Y( ¹4 (mH+,) 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)]
\ (634"co) Z[Y(
' (G‚$u,ƒ) .no

GH0Zr\Á =4/l G. !' eH? GH0 Zr\Á 5<H6 Í& #¡-( =1 "D, W4^
#¡-( "DD0(4 *c&6
gf

g0h =4b .4/P-n =(4 g0h =º =4/?,b  .4/P-˜, ~H p#qM


uZ4[– <H¾
=t +l =+]
-9 +KM.

850
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“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)]


\ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á #¡-(
#¡-( g0h”

2.40 J€ wrxO ?&^


0M 01 172R/

=4Ð mÉQ G4o+8L)6 –P4[% ( ~H p#qM =+]


-K .4/P,6I) 5<H ¹4
=+]
Hl (mH+,) o+8
,ƒ c&6@ ~M ~H vqwM =+]
-K
.4/P._1.

“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)]


\ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á #¡-(
#¡-( g0h ¹4”

2.41 /(ƒO ?&^


0M 01 172R/

el G0 ˜ G4o+8
l –P4[% <-
¾/w) (Â ~H vqwM =+]
-K .4/P,6I) ,4a -4
.1l (G0 ˜,) o+8
,ƒ c&6@ ~M ,"‚M =+]
-K
.4/P._1.

“-4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)]


\ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á
#¡-( #¡-( g0h ¹4”

2.42 /(ƒO <& ?&^


0M 01 172R/

=4Ð =¶ Ð6 G4o+8L+ ( ,"‚M =+]


-K .4/P,6I) 5<H ÍÅ -4
–P4[m/w+l GwÈ/l (G0 ˜,) o+8
,ƒ c&6@ ~M ,"‚M :+“ =+]
-K
.4/P,ƒ ­"‚‡^1.

“-4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)]


\ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á
#¡-( #¡-( g0h ¹4 -4”

2.43 /(ƒO Y7_ ?&^


0M 01 172R/

-.‹DP.{t0G HòH .C/8H «1-


ÚfX6 -.‹Y
P! -0K‘ !/8,X6
6Ÿ*/8. Hò-!

Õ D°g?4/Sgw+4 3›
(4 Y"( D[,7±# =4/, cd6¡Å! sI 2C,64a

851
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2V ! /›
(®ý "PgM4F,.

NOTE:  W4^ ŠD,9 +D¶ ,"‚M W4^ =+]


-K
.4/P, -

-.‹DP.{t0G HòH 6Ÿ*/8.


Õ D°g?4/Sgw+4 3›
(4 Y"( 2V !

=1B
u‹ As =1B
u"ý ü4ö Â .4/P,6I =1B
u‹ Aû =#, =1B
u"ý ü4D®ý
-.l 2<m =#, -,^ 2</ =#,

-4 ˜4 =G? (4 [Ä8 uɞ


l ~t -4 ˜, =#, (4 [Ä8=#, ~t
uHž
, dMÚ
4F; yUI
Z#§˜©%  .4/P,1 Z#§¨4'<ó1.

ŠD4 CŸM ' Z6?G? ŠD4 3Hd  .4/P,‘# ¼D€ ŠD,b CŸDÏ( 6.l
Z6?Ê% =#, W4X< ŠD,b 3HÊ g0h =#,

3µÏ4 "4'³l (G? –P<W¾


lE =4a `a =+]
H,9b 3µé F$k, J^
+<'4 6?Ê% =+]
H,Kb +<þ( i4 =#,

º/P§l "4'<W¾
lE' Y"©% =GË
4 `a =+]
H,Kb º/P/PÏ( F$k .no “Y"(”
!'?Ð Ë( jk =# U?G, ­œ‚y6<ó1.
=4d =g

2.44 01 @A8/

þ"ÃQ«H4 °?.4 G ®Ö›


< «1-]Q,9 «&456¡^, ÙK <H¾
, +D¨6¡^,
Zñ$Q4 ®Ö›
< Zñ$Q GV7^,

Cm0 -<QsÏ4/4 +Ÿ/l çP‘+? -<×# s(1 =4/, cd ¡## (=6ƒ S.,
H+]
Q4 Œä1) G4C&45 ,‘
=º =4/l[7 *+,K1
HÄ]
456¡^

-4'4DP4 CŸM >?m0 D[K+]


4 Œ# CŸD(,64a >?#Î
(=™<4€) -.'4a 8
˜¤% .14 "MK+]
9 -,# ˜¶4'<ó1

2.45 01 „# R172R/

<2% Y[H»( ~– ZDw{ ~– Y[H»( =# ZDw{ =# "D,9 ­¶‚ ¡€b


"D4 //l

852
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ˆm"D4 G,% «Ÿ/? <K*ù( ˆm =º "D,1 <K*ù( =º "D,1 Ã_ƒ


/b <2% G4R45 (=6ƒ .6®ý‘ ˆm-,K £",1
8 ) ­"‚<ó1 .no
>?#Î

j.V ~– <2% /Þ\ -.l ' =¶ j.V =# ­œ‚4 /Þ\ -.l "P@DÏ% =# ÍÅ
"P@DÏ% ˜/c®y6<ó1

“Y[H»( ZDw{ ˆm<K*ù( j.V, /Þ\ -.l


"P@DÏ%”

2.46 †‡FA 01 „# R172R/

m-Ml Lt ƒ(„P,Ä8
4 L< eD?,6 ¹4SH, c&6@  (-.) ƒ(„P.4/P,
"P('ݖ ,Ä8
º "PgM4F1

sÏMl =¶ a$ ?4 -sMl ' sÏ (ìë 8 ~F1, -4


4) eD?,6 c&6@ 9"‚ ZD07

(4 "D4 (G0 ˜,) eD?,6 c&6@ G4"D +9Oco1

8 G¥wC(–
.Dº6 =¶ G4oS Ø*
4 (.D6 / S.) ˜, ÍÅ '+“ƒ Í& ˜¶456@ Â
!MÙ4 .4/P,c G¥wCU [Ä8K³4F1

“¹4 ìë4 -4 Ø*
4 Y[H»( ZDw{ ˆm<K*ù(
j.V, /Þ\ -.l "P@DÏ%”
NOTE: ~M ~H vqwM (29) =+]
-K .4/P,.

"4' „PG $k =W¾


lE' „PG 'm0& `a, J^, ef =+]
H,Kb .&o J^, U9_
<H¾
¢l 'm0& ' '7l <W¾
lE =+]
H,Kb +›
.,ƒ U9_ .no q¨D6 U9_
=4OU?G4 "P+K‚©% =+]
H,Kb =4OU?G, +D‚4Fy6<ó1

=6ƒ,
Y[H»( CŸDÏ( 6.l, ZDw{ 3HÊ g0h,
ˆm<K*ù( 3¸Ï( F$k, j.V +<þ( i4,
/Þ\ -.l º/P/PÏ( F$k, "P@DÏ% =g
Ë( jk,
¹4 ìë4 -4 Ø*
4 - ~– MO]4«l / ~– M¨0¥+l

˜>?UM+4 GH04 I-?% $k ˜,, >?6, ¼DK_6Z ef =+]


-K -.
<H¾
<% +›
s% .4/P,6I <ó +›
.,ƒ c®y6<ó1

853
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2.47 8;ˆO N_ ?&^


0M 01 172R/

žè4
mH4 6¥ ‹O<Ð '7- ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð Hò64DU(
Hò64D64

H)]
\Z[D4 /D0% .kH ~– H)]
\Z[Y( .kH
<2% //l

"PG6\ <D64 ˜1=4/4 <2% =q/ "PG6\ <DU( =q/ ИÊ


ИÊ

‡K-% '7Hž ¾ ˜1
è =4m ZB ‡K-s( Z$¾ 6.l ¹4
=4/4 6–l //l

P)8sÓ .1l G"8'm0&4[Mtl


* =# ­"‚‡±6 sÓ>HQ c(D_  .4/P,6I
=+]
õl 69‡M L^ (47) =+]
H,9.

“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð Hò64DU( H)]


\Z[Y( .kH
"PG6\ <DU( =q/ Ð˜Ê ‡K-s( Z$¾ 6.l
¹4”

Aûl ü4ö 2<m eM ‡Phw1B


u‹  .4/P,6I ‡PCw Aû, =1B
u‹ ü4D®ý, -,^
-¡l 2</

G"8A7 G"8D[ $k fDPG4uèl L^, ef, L^, "M, ef, "Dy4^ G4¸?K‘ Â
$X4O4 .4/P,‘# eÏ =+]
H,Kb +›
.,ƒ $X4O
U?G, ­œ‚y#

>?64 D°+] P+8


H4 * 4 K+]
4 L+4 >?6, "M =+]
H,K -. .4/P,6I <ó ­œ‚y#
˜¤% .14  .4/P,1 :+ K+]
gf*˜", c(<ó1

2.48 ‰n "Z&^
J 172R/


(4 ˆm4 '7&ž=4m4 g0h “š›
4 ˆmé g0h” =16M ˆm $X+]
H .4/P,
=4b =(4 $k =+]
Hl

˜6) =G? Aûl ü4ö ƒ(„P  .4/P,6I ˜6I^ Aû, ƒ(„Pü4D®ý,


2<m .Þl

PS
ˆm ‹O<„ * 8 š›
4 ˜4 6–[Ä8
+4 ˆm ‹O<„© 2</, š›
4 ˜,, 6.l [Ä8=#
­"‚‡#1

854
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ØK4 ˆm '7Hž uɞ


è =4/4 ~t ‘ˆmé’ =16M ØK+4,  .4/P,1 úM'Ý
Z#§˜©% Ž&4Fy1;I Z#§¨4Fy6<ó1

2H3G0HomM L6 $k =4ƒ# (š›


4 ˜,b) 2H3G0Ho+8 ›4, š›
,ƒ (=6ƒ ° v4,
4, X
"P+K‚©% wP ›4, [›
4, x l €b) $X4O,9 Ã_ƒ +D‚4Fy6<ó1

¾ù4 =4À˜+-4 -. e‘+6


G0- [>?6,] G0H¾
S4–b 89_4, c–‘ "Dw, «&45,
/% "-4 -,±º /2+,ƒ e‘+6,ƒ 4F4,

>?©% $k )Q .«?Gž-. =4+ -,# vX² Íf# !6\ ˆm2Z# $’“Q ('+›
!"& G4džm4 (4/P,) .«?‘ ù<£",ƒ G4g
ž¶45 >?6,
c(<ó1

2.49 M&^ŠS I‹
:&^
J 172R/

KSH4 7 G,y «Ÿ/? K+]‰î( “K4 K+]‰î( 6.l” =16M ’K’SH ˜,1 '+“ƒ
6¥ =4/+l «&456 (K+]‰Q GŠ
8+]
H) .4/P, ~M.

=OG8è AûHG? =Ò ƒ(/P4 ü4D  .4/P,6I =O®


8è^ Aû, ƒ(„Pü4D®ý =#
!'?Ð ­"‚‡#1

K+]‰- 2<m *
P)8K4 ˜4 [Ä8
HG? K+]‰×N 2</, K4 ˜,, .&o [Ä86.l =#,
8
V 6.®

Z#§z V œftHž'7$u© '7&0« œftHž


,9 («-wHž
S.¥+]
,9)
gR4Fy1;I Z#§¨4Fy6<ó1

2H3
ù† G0 56 $k =4ƒ# K4 ˜,1 2H3
G0Ho+8
,ƒ (=6ƒ Ó4, {4, |4,
"P+K‚©% ½4, }4, Kl €b) $X4O,9 Ã_ƒ
+D‚4Fy6<ó1.

M0N˜4 G0H¾f5H /14 "Dw #‹ [>?6,] W4^ (džH¦6) N˜,9 +K¡^,


Â+]
Q4 G0H¾
S4–.(¦6 =4D¦6 2C, +K¡^,
"Dw"/P,K<4€ º/P,9 +K¡^,

«1-]Q«H4 <42 -. e-«6 «1®ý ÃQ,9 «&456¡^, pK*œ‚b


/% "H4 -.Ê¡//‚f&6 K+]‰×# 6.G“&4FFU\1.

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2.50 ŒJ2 I‹ J 172R/

‹SH4 7 G,y «Ÿ/? ‹Hm( “‹4 ‹Hm( 6.l” =16M ’‹’SH ˜,1 '+“ƒ
6¥ =4/+l 8+]
«&456 (‹H/ GŠ H) .4/P, ~M,

=OG8è Aûl =G? =Ò /$4 Â .4/P,6I =O®


8è^ Aû .no q¨D6
ŽH0<% e'É% =4O,9 ŽH0, (K+]‰Q .4/P,6I <ó)
e'&4'<ó1.

‹H/4 °?.K4 °4/4 -.Ê¡ [>?6,] °?.<H¾


, +K¡^, °47^, -.Ê¡
"-(Q4 «1-]Q«H4 H4 "-(×&6 ‹H7#, «1®ý ÃQ,9 «&456¡^,
¢ÌR /6(4 ‹5 f&6 ¢ÌR /6o±# ‹S4FFU\1


2.51 \9 :&^
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[4 Œr\(
˜47 G,y «Ÿ/? [7 Œr\( 6.l” =16M ’[’SH
“[4 [7 ˜,1
6¥ =4/+l Œ\ GŠ
‹SH,b '+“ƒ «&456 ([7 8+]
H) .4/P, ~M,

Aû eD§ (»ŽH04 Z#§z Aû ¼D½6 =4O,9 ~4/I ,4a (K+]‰Q


=& #O›
{ ŒäK1 ˜¬4Fy1;I Â
‹H7KI <ó) ­œ‚y# [7
.4/P, ­œ‚y6<ó1,

M0N˜4 G0H¾<-
¾‹4 -. Ê¡ [>?6,] W4^ (džH¦6) N˜,9 +K¡^,
"-ÏQ4 K<î®H C4mH4 G0H¾
S4–.(¦6 =4D¦6 2C, +K¡^, -.Ê¡
P/6(4 ‹5
®qm P
"-(×&6, K<î®f^# G4C&456 ®qm
/6o# ‹S4FFU\1.

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2.52 E41 I‹ J 172R/

CŸ4 C1sÁ '7Hž


è4/ CŸD4b “CŸ4 C1.Ð 6.l” =16M CŸYSH,b
.4/P-˜+l C1.47# .4/P-˜,

-.'4DPAûl *
P)8§˜©% Œ^ Aû .no ~/H =4O,9 ŽH0œ
-.'4a
ŽH0<% +›
s% .4/P,KI <ó ­œ‚y6<ó1,

M0N˜4 G0H¾<-
¾‹4 -. Ê¡ [>?6,] W4^ (džH¦6) N˜,9 +K¡^,
"-(Q4 %4Y ï6 GV/4 G0H¾
S4–.(¦6 =4D¦6 2C, +K¡^, -.Ê¡
s4 >?©% -. Ê<+4 - ~–. u F™
"-(×&6, («Ÿq,ƒ 6^, Fd uI6\)
%4Y ï6, GV7&6 -. Ê<IX_ C1.47#
º1 >?#4FFU\1.

856
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LZ> ?@A#/ - 01 #72R/, ‡‘/

3.1 ‡‘/ `+7% E4179) (+(R6]7H=

G6SY? ,6§ C¿.4/4 G6I# "P,¸,ƒ c®y# ,19 C1.47#


""PFÝl - Z6(,ƒ "P3\45& -

e4˜º( .h‡K Žx0+8 e4˜ºÏ! .h‡Ó! ŽH0, ­¶‚6 .4/P,KI


Pî4 Ž†4 =1ß
.4m Œ ì–, Ž†, sI Z<&4F,.

C¿sÁ C !¡' - C1.47^  Z«4ƒ ­Ô‚1 -

3.2 #72R/’) "“”S/

el $’“Q4 /6wÑ? -. ˜4 ,4aƒ $’“Q4 (hexagon) D~45, Y# .«?‘ -4


Gš›
+4, .no š›
4 †+] Pd,
H,9 ¡

/% =ùp M0„Ï4/4 g«?4, Y# ě


4D ùO4‘ M0„( Z‹Ä8=4/?,b (“-.4”)
Pd,
g«?,1 ¡

˜ ÷HÚ
@ùp $$uè4/4 g«+4, ˜,K ²ùO,‘ $û—Z‹Ä8=4/?,b (“-.G?”)
Pd,
g«+,1 ¡

ŠÉE@ DŸûu 5, "P+“K4a DŸûu ˜,K1 ¡


Pd,

PQ[Ä8
/% "&b Y< Š <[? †#, u Y<, Š
¡€ Fd PQ, [Ä8
, <[? Pd,
˜,9 ¡

/% GH04 G,w¸ !1wµù?4 ¡;Ù\ ,4a 81+ ,¸ùO,K‘ W4^


"PQ¡ù?4 $u64, "PQ<,Kb Fd
u F€u,

=Ö\ °1l ¡o<l œHl "Ÿ€—B $’“Q,64a ep\(, °6?, ¡o<?, of‚,
$k )ÇB 2H3
ù4S CŸDÏM "X.H ùO,K4a 2H3G0H CŸDÏM (=¨\ ˜ HSH)
Pl
.4m .4/P,Kb


!Q -4 ´4 £4 õ4 4 Hl ~–, +› Pd,
.,ƒ -4, ´4, £4, õ4, 4, Hl =# ¡

2H3ù4S /% o+8CŸDÏM 2H3G0H,Kb o+8 Ë(


,ƒ CŸDÏ( 145 =g
Ë4/4 $k )Q ŠÉE@ Hs
=g jk <HI (U?G?, yHI) $’“Q,K "P+“K4a Hs
sÏ 5, (š›
4), sÏ (ìë4) †+] Pd,
H,K1 ¡

)îp›¡-C4 i4 ~–, ¼D€ )Q,64a ¡-C ˜¦6 i4 =#,

/% ˜ =4/-ô S. ˜4, e ˜,K .«?,64a S. ˜,1 (Ø* Pd,


4) ¡

857
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 34/47

"&b ¡? ‹<4, =#\ "P+“K4a ¡? Pd,


˜,1 (`4) ¡

/b <Ÿ/8/P(4 G =$u"/P4, =+“X J^ <Ÿ/8,9, ¡€ "P–Y#Ä p#qM


"/P,9 (D”,9) Ö®y#,

ÐB D‚B G0-Á =$u<-̄Á e D”,K(4a =$u<H¯


,K (=, +, ', ;, /, ", (, [)
"P–D”4 sÓ4 =1<H¾$;“4, à+“ G0H,9 "P– D”,64a ef =+]
H,K ƒœ‚6
=4Ð "4þ+]
H4 P®y#, 5<H‘ "4þ+]
sK <ó ¡ P®y6<ó1
H,9 ¡

3.3 #72R/’) ?"v


F• (Fx/

¾Á œ6l
/% D” +*ôB =$u<- e (5<H) D” +*K,64a =$u<H¾
,K yUI .HÓ
=$uD”"Dw4, =$uD” "Dw,1 c®y#,

u+]
ÐB D‚B U-(Q =t x u+]
¡€ D”,K(4a U-(Q =t H .4/P, (“¹4
.4/Pl, 6¥ U-(î(” ‘# :y“+“ =+]
H, :y“+“
P®y#,
D”,64a) ¡

/% D” +*ôB š› ˜4 e D” +*K,K64a š›
4 P®y6<ó1
˜,1 ¡

3.4 #72R/’) [3F\F• (Fx/

/b <Ÿ/84, /b Y0D[D”4, ÐB =+“; <Ÿ/8,, Y#Ä "z\4^ D”,9, e


D‚B ¡®2< Y0D[ =+]
x .4/Pl, D”,K(4a ¡®2< Y0D[ =+]
H .4/P, (“¹4
6¥ ‹O<Ð ¡®2¡(” ‘# :y“+“ =+]
H, :y“+“
P®y#,
D”,64a) ¡

]4mÁ
/% D” +*ôB eMS e D” +*K,K(4a = 14± +]<HI ¡
P®y6<ó1

3.5 #72R/’) –Z\F• (Fx/

/b <Ÿ/84 //l •X[ D”4, =+“X <Ÿ/8,, Y#Ä (Fd


u ) "Dhf D”,9
D~4Fy#,

ÐB D‚B i4 jk 6– GV/ ¡€ D”,KÛD Y0D°+]


H -. .4/P, i4 jk
-. Y0D[ =+]
H4, P( i4
6.l GV/,ƒ (“¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y
P®y#,
jk 6.l”) ¡

/% D” +*ôB sÏ ˜4 GH0/P e D” +*K,K(4a sÏ (ìë4) ˜,1


P®y#,
=#\@;Ó ¡

858
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 35/47

"P–+*K4 M0-<Ÿm
8è Cë4 GP4 ‹P4 *C
+*K,6I e<K :y“+“„ W4^gf ë
4, GP4, ‹P4, <P4,
<P4 =4 [›
4 ˜P4 =4, [›
4, ˜P4 =# ¡
P®y6<ó1

3.6 #72R/’) [3—R7\* F• (Fx/

/b <Ÿ/84, /b Y0–P4[% D” "Dw4, =+“X <Ÿ/8,, Y#Ä ,"‚M W4^ (32) D”,Kb
"Dw, d,

ÐB D‚B 6Ÿd4C .4/P-˜ Y# D”,K(4a 6Ÿd4C .4/P-˜._ =1B



=1$u‹ .4/Pl ü4D®ýb 32 =+]
-K .4/P,1 (:)“ =+]
H, :)“
Pd)
D”,² ¡

“!O›
4 H4 .hZB
¾4 ˜0K4/4 GH0b,¸4
6Ÿd4C4 ñ$Q4 ‹DP4 .Ÿ7?.Ÿ7?4 6s.?C4”

/% D” +*ôB =$u<G0 LSD[ Y# D” +*K,K(4a =$u<®äK (8), LSD[


fDPY0D[ eM/? .4m
Pl "PQ¡M ŒK (11), Y0D[ eM7?K (12) .4/P,9 ¹4 6¥
fa
6¥ =4m '7Hž
è =4ml +›
!Q =# ¼D9Ԁue( =4/?,b <F6™
* +›
!î (31
P®y#,
D”,K(4a) ¡

/% ‡Vl <$I“H4 "&/l u


(5<& 32< D”,(4a) ‡(; <$k =# Fd
P®y6<ó1
¡

3.7 #72R/’) (R—"˜;

/b ɵ /P( o+8
4 ªœH4 =+“X J^ ɸKb ªœH,9 ®y#,

]l -3 eM ªû/4
Y0D[ MI P®y#,
"z\4^ -ú9 =#\ MI“K4a ¡

=$uU l =Rû—/4 p#qM U_K1 "P–û—45,

] UHd4C ˜4,
'7l MI U9_ MI“K(4a UHd4C ˜,1 (ï Pd,
]4) ¡

] ¡-C
ZMI ˜4, JK MI“K(4a (°6?, ep\(, ¡o<?, †f„)
¡-C P®y#
˜,1 (i4) ¡

L/% G-0/w+4 (4/P4  Z«¦6 G-0/w+, Î54F (4/P, =#\


GH0S."PD4 ¥+]
"PD4 ' úM'ÝK1 .no ¥+]
,1 "PgM4F6M.

LS+]
-M 6¡+]
H =4mU4 L/% LS+]
H .4/P, 14± 6¡+]
H .4/P,K <HI Â
(4/P4 ‹<–, (4/P, Î'+, =_1,

859
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 36/47

/% D[ e<Hî/w+4 ‹<–, =M D[ e<Hî/w+¦ !6\M,

$’“Q .Ñ? G =4O4 -<4 $’“Q, .«?‘ =4O,Kb Gh -ä#


(5%, ŽS4'<ó1,

$k )ÇB =4 l "PÒ. =<Ÿ–l, ef )Q,K(4a =4O,9 "PÒ. e<Ÿ–,

=$uD”Jô emwM e<HQ4, =$uD”JK,64a e/w ¼DK_6M e<HQ,


(=6ƒ ¡?¶8­4M !6\M),

/% =p›C1.YM e<HQ4, Y# ,4a "P+“ C1.47^ ¼DK_¡f


e<HQ,,

Y0D[ D‚B <dt


—M e<HQ4 "z\4^ D”,K4a <dB
—^ ¼DK_¡f e<HQ,,

•X[ D‚B ÙÓM e<HQ4 "Dhf D”,K4a (=¨\ 2ä# =4[é6) Ù9^
¼DK_¡f e<HQ,,

Y0–P4[% D‚B k
Œ¡M e<HQ4 ,"‚M W4^ D”,K4a k
Œä^ ¼DK_¡f
e<HQ,,

PM e<HQ4
ªœ-4/H ~4Y Œ^ ¼DK_¡f e<HQ,,
ªœH,K‘ ~4a

PM e<HQ4
/% ‡Vl <† Y# ‡(; <˜P, ¼DK_6Z e<HQ,,

L<4 =‹?Hè .14 ˜¤%  Z«,ƒ ùZ45 Ž†,1 ((4/P,1)


ŽS4'<ó1

3.8 2J 01 172R‡‘/;

=Ò D[ =+]
-M Y0–P4[% =+]
H ~œ‚^ "M =+]
-K .4/P,K 14± ,"‚M W4^
Pî4 Ž† 4
=4mU4 .4m =+]
-K .4/P,K <UI Ž†, ­"‚‡^1,
!'?Ð

el $k )Q4 /% .Ñ? G0 ˜4 ¼;u¼D; :+ $’“Q, D~45, Y# .«?‘


/% .Ñ? g«? Us# Pd, Y# .«? g«? Us9,
G0 ˜, (-4) ¡

L<4 S. ˜ $u64 //l 3€u6 u S. ˜,b (Ø*


Y# Fd Pd, q¨D6 vqwM
4) ¡
6¡É¾
6 $u64 =+] u¡
H,9 Fd Pd,

$k )ÇB $k =4ƒ# =Ö\ °®H $’“Q,9 (4a =6ƒ ep\(,, °6?,, †f–,
¡o<? ŽH0 "Ÿ€—B Pd,
¡o<?,, of‚, "3.K œ ef =4O,9 ¡

/% +*ôB š›
s© )îp›)›
«4 ¡€ +*K,K(4a š›
4, sÏ (ìë
4) ˜,9,
,4a "P+“ )Q,K4a )›
« Pd,
˜, (i4) ¡

860
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 37/47

/b <Ÿ/84 /b =$uD”4 ÐB D‚B =+“X :+ <Ÿ/8, Öd, Y#Ä p#qM D”,9 d, e


¾Á
$k G4¸?Ï sÓ4 =1<- D”,K(4a ef =+]
H,K ƒœ‚6 JK1 +›
.,ƒ
Pd,
¡

/% D” +*ôB •X[ G0-l e D”,K(4a "Dhf G0H,9 (=F9)


P®y6<ó1.
¡

/b <Ÿ/84 /% =&‚/ eMS


]4/4 =+“X .x <Ÿ/8,, Y# Fd
u = 14± +]<HI
(“=” eM “+]
” =4/4) =+]
H,9,

/% ‡Vl ªœH4 G =$uXÓO›


4 Y# ‡(; ªœH,K4a (Y0H,K4a) p#qM
XÓO›
,K4a (XK, <ó LH‚±6 "P2[,K4a),

] ZMI
MI ] of‚, DÄ]
Q,, "X.H, !/8H MI“K4a .no
ep\(,, †f–, ¡o<?,, °6? ZMI“K4a,

UHd4C ¡-{ UHd4C ]ð4) .no ¡-C


˜, (ï ˜, (i4)
D~4'<ó1.

L/% .h(4/P4 e>H[S


8èM ~2 .h(4/P,, e>H [Ä8JK,, $¾< ,.
$¾< 4

=4 l "PÒ. =<Ÿ–l, .Ñ? -.4, 2#Ä =4O,ô "PÒ. e<Ÿ–, .«?‘ -,^, pX.
¡.ùp ˆm4 ùO.4a ˆ/o,

/% œH/l °a¯4 [H4 ' ¡& pa; «1-]Q,9,

=$uD” Jô C1.YM M0„( =$uD” JK,64a C1. ¼DK_¡f W4X<


e<HQ4 e<HQ4,

GŸt
uèM /Ÿ„( e<HQ4, Œ^ ¼D½6
GŸûuÄ JK¦6M JX< e<HQ4, ~4a
PM³l '7´ž
~4Y PM³l "4'Û
, <† 2</9 U9O< e<HQ4, <˜P, ¼D½6Z `D<
e<HQ4,

L/% (4/Pe-«6 ŽH0+4 =™<4€  (4/P,1 "M =+]


H,K .4/P,
D°+]
-M .4/P4 ˜¤% ¼DK_ -. .4/P,Kb ˜", cÎ
8 e-«6
c(<ó1

861
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 38/47

W;Q> ?@A#/ - 01 172R™(/K N0ƒš !T

4.1 ›œ01 172R/M J\žJS, ?8„ N0ƒš !T !@8/;

G6SY? ,6§ C¿.4/4 G6I^ ¼D½6 ,19 C1.47# "&"P3\4­1 -


""PFÝl -

š› Pî4 œH[HQ ZR4


-. .4m š›
-. .4/P,K à+“ ˜",I L-‚™ ZR# ­œ‚,.
Œ V ~–.
=1ß

C1sÁ C !¡' - C1.47^  Z«,ƒ ­Ô‚1 -

#/?4 –P$<Qg\R "§ #/?J J^ ”Ó g\6, cd, Š9


JKjÓM N? +4DJK,9 jK,9 NS4'<ó1,

=Ò¡ Š(G ehx CZ$ ? =U\D ôY Š(G ehH,1, CZt?6\,1 NS4'<ó1,


L< ¡

$k H‡l ' "&/?+8


l, G0 e[›
. !+8 ef fFK1 (!œ‚, œ9œ, SH,, „¶, <Of, ca)
ZR4 'HÁ "&/?S4'<ó1, !6\ e[›
.,‘ ­"‚‡±6 ZR#
e'&4'<ó1,

<#mMB ¡? +Hw .Þ³l 6 G‚ÈCl ˆË¼D½6 ÕO,K4a .Þ¡S“(,Kc G‚ÈC


ú5l ô#¡& úF& !4X<ó1,

ªq°R ‡PCwþ´ #t“¥ ª[(6, co4, ‡PCwþ&é, #t“,&,


_f‹Ä8
sÁ _fä(4a ‹Ä8+D¨6¡&,

g\6 Ž† ˜" >?6 ·. /H‚Q g\6,, Ž˜, ˜",, >?6,, ·.,, /H‚Q
/% "Hl Z$(,K4a [›
DÚ+D¨6¡&,

_f !"M$usɯ
Q >?(Á -.4 _fä !"23456 sH¯
,‘ š›
-,±# =66? ÀMÚ
b
=66? jl 8 !4X<ó1,
>?#Î

PCwQ
ÎÉ?4a_f2ŠM z à Œ^, _fä, 2",, zä, Ã
Îf?^, '4a PCwQ
GÛ"/l š›
-. G#\ˆ %Ù GÛ",64a, š›
-. eK(,64a %6,ƒ -.
PHž
.4m 4 =154/(Á PHž
.4m ,1 Ã_ƒ 54–4FF4X<ó1,

¡?
ë 'Hw eGº džm0 G0d8SM eG6 œD'Hw,² ®µˆ1& džH,ƒ Íf# G0d8+

s% ¼D½6 §ƒG6,9 +›
.,ƒ (<ó1,

862
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 39/47

7Kˆ Š&†/ š›
<Ÿ+]
JÓM+ Gžô 7Kd, m.H, !G&+ <Ÿ+]
,K ¼D96 Íf#, "Yw+]
"Yw+]7Kˆ S$—fY
P+]<Ÿ/ P+]
7Kˆ ­+“9 fY Kb F€u6 sKb
sKÏ

s/ŸS sKÏ .4„P.6‡< s/ŸSsK (=+]


HsK) .4/P,9 .6®ý (4a
.14 ˜¤% =‹?Hè $¾ ‰ ˜¤% 8 , $¾< ,1 =&45, =+]
˜¶Î H K+]˜¶4'<ó1.
=+]
H K+]
+4

/H‚©% /% D°4/6 "(g% (=+]


HsK =+]
H K+]˜",‘) "D< =4[1 ŠKb
8 c(<ó1,
/H‚Q, cÎ

/% D°4[/l 0iÏ% z ŸÐ6 Y#‘ (=+]


HsK =+]
H K+]˜",‘ .Š+) "D< =4[1
L< 8 c(<ó1,
z¬?b ·., cÎ

՘©% /% D°4[/l =4a‘ (=+]


HsK =+]
H K+]˜",‘ .Š+) "D<
=4[1 "PgD, (՘6,) ԙ
u4 c(<ó1,

//l œt‚4˜D4 JK.4ÐPQ -. JK.4/P,b ZR# =1G&45 (q¨D6 ˜",


ZR<% 'É% co4) œ$‚,9 G.&‚4'<ó1,

//l dDÚ
.1l ªm0 Y<1w)8 e ´–ƒ c(ƒ dMÚ
# +4M Y<1wI8^, ,# =_1.
‹ % ,#l

=GsMl ‹˜– ©64 664 Ú9 (=G., .V.,


=G. ¼D½6 §O =$uda
<H<Zl ~< P¶8, Š
O&., K‹., Š PS.?,, Â[/0,, <3/0,)
*ƒ K³4F1,
<f# <kä <&456™

`VÌB ' SÉ?B .h"7ý ' `V+ SH?,9 dMÚ


4F; yUI .no .h
GH0Y †< §n?, -..4/Pl 8K(4a !"§¨4'ÍXa,  -..4/P,
Z"7
Ì<K4 ¥+]
g«+l Ì<K, ¥+]
g«+,!

P¤8s4 GwÉ%
`VÌ G.1Š `V+ g«?,9 +4a; yUI -.Ê<I&6 61\
-.Ê<+4 (C1.47#) Gw&4'<ó1


§ -.4 G4GwÉ% #/?4 ‹S p<õÐ -,# #/?J =66? ‹Ä8
b G4Gw&4­Dx
.1"-(Ql

/G? =C4 ~$uG4deè 2Ä]


b =dw, ¡&Ä º1 )&+9 dMÚ ]‡a
4"co;I 2S ÚX† !U\1,

,Ù[0-l! ¡4LmHž
4 "PYg?q ¹ ,Ù[0fÓ-! -ä# ‹I8KI ¡4LmHž
,9
8U4 -<G? 7
‹S "PgMg
81

GH0» †O£) =dw -.SH? pK*œ‚b †O£IX† -.SH? kH4«fX† º1


kH4«Hl ~–. (C1.47X1) !U\1.

863
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 40/47

RJŸ/, kM\ —
aF> ?@A#/ - 01 17n

5.1 ›œ01 17n


RJŸ/

G6SY? ,6§ C¿.4/4 G6I^ ¼D½6 ,19 C1.47# "&"P3\4­1 -


""PFÝl - š› PHž
-. .4m 4 š› PHž
-. .4m ,1 ­œ‚,!
Œ V ~–.
=1ß

C1sÁ C !¡' - C1.47^  Z«,ƒ ­Ô‚1 -

GÉ0B -. .4ÐPB .4/P-˜l GH0 -..4/P,K‘ .4/P-˜, <4€M $X+]


H
$X+]
Hl .4/P,

[-. $k =+]
H .4/P,9 = 1. -4 -s( 6.l, 2.
Ø*
4 -s( 6.l, 3. ìë4 -s( 6.l, 4. `4 -s(
6.l, 5. š›
4 -s( 6.l, 6. ¹4 -s( 6.l]

L+> ' M0> ÐP> '7-


ž "4'>  $X+]
H .4/P, :+€O1, W4^O1, J^O1,
/» $k G"8> =$u> ' L< U9_O1, `aO1, efO1, L^O1, L#qMO1
‡i> =(4 <?<dž/l .no =º+ Z«,9ƒ !6\M.

[=6ƒ =+]
HsKb (= 14± +]<HI) eM †+]
H,Kb
(-4, Ø*
4, ìë4, `4, š›
4, ¹4) +D¶ -s(6.l
.4/P,9 =º+ Z«,9ƒ œ6š+HQ, (repeated
combinations) c®y6<F1.]

$X+]
HG? sh/wè4 3r †U– -. $X+]
H .4/P, à+“ .C/?, "&ŽH¾

//‚Hl 3ä#Ì áDo1.

š›
-. .4/P-˜G? G.?? =xž š›
-. .4/P-˜, à+“ G.O›=Hž
,  Z«,ƒ
=(4 !'?Ð. ­"‚‡#1.

u+]
U-(Q =t É ' 3< "4þ+]
É u+]
U-(Q =t H,‘ (“¹4 U-(î( 6.l” (4a
/» g =Hž
+ =H¾
D0(4 -¥ “-”) .no 3< "4þ+]
H,‘ (“¹4 6.l 3¡(”
-.4Ð (/P§¨6l PQ
(4a “.”) Š ˜ =+]
H,9 W4^ +Dd6 “-.”
.4/P,, p+“X §_9 Hq4FFU\x =2
PHž
.4m ,!

864
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 41/47

HSx <V\<'6l "PS[l "H?<G?–, HSH, (.) =¨\ †+] 16, ~F6M, ( -.
H,, †
G5Y64D£* =G? "HsmwHž .4/P,) G% 5% e64D £"¦6 "Hs/w =Hž
,1
!'?Ð 86\M
Î5®

<?a>64 #$ “”4 ‡PCw Š


P- s( #$ “” ‡PCw,, Š
PQ,, s(, G0H,
~– ' G0Hl, <?a>†l G0HG4§O4 Î54FF6\M, G0H G4§O,1 Î54F6M, =M
ZMÚ/% Š
PQ§˜64 PQ[Ä8
Š ž6,ƒ á9®y1,
Ä ˜66g

Ɍ n?–Hw© /gw% +Ÿ/4 eSH HSH, (.) n?–Hw(, (=¨\ †+]


H,) Sä6 Y#Ä
§˜64 PQ,) ˜66g
“e”-SH, (Š ž6,ƒ ÍH‡±6M

.Sx =N?D( =Hž


m0% G s( .SH, (ø) !D¬4F; =º =Hž
, <K6 =M s(
~– ' ØH8
èÐ =# ÍÅ Ø&8
4"‡^F6\M

[=6ƒ =<?+8
¦6 /6? e/w(4a (.-SH, (4a)
PQ4 .no JH8
eSH, (Š ,) <?+8
._; Y#Ä
s( =# #É}
34"‡^F6\M]

í =(4 ˜4 G0+4 (gw% G Sä6,  -. .4/P[‡} ˜, G0Ø(¦6 s(b


s(4 ‡PCw ' !'?Ð Í^I6\ "H‡PCw, =# ­"‚‡^76\M

G ^4a Gl =¶ œf$l 3<l ÎH? PHž


e -. .4m ! ^4aä, =2 œfB^ ÍÅ, =2
~4a £"¡Á n?–l, /G? 3µ 3ä^, ÎH? '4DPn?– £œ^. Y# à+“ 3µ
£"4 UDl, Gl "P+Ÿ–l ./l £", UD,. =2 "P+Ÿ– =# =Hž
, c®y6<ó1

"P+Ÿ–l œf$l ' )ŽsÏ "P+Ÿ– œfB9 W4b sÏ)³/,½ ‡PCw,64a


‡PCwQl GwÈm +D‚4'‡±U¬

^4aUY/w+4 ˜4 <V\ í. ^4a-UY/w+¦6 ˜, <V\í. +/w+¦6M


+Ó/w+4

=Ö\•s/w+4 £"4 -. 5 =Ö\ ís/w+ £", -. ˜,642 "P–û—/¦


"P–û—/4 !6\M.

865
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 34 56+' !"#$% 42/47

5.2 ¡[72 1i¢&A It8/

(» L< <; ˜Gžl Š


P+Ÿ/l ' L Z«4ƒ `Ð <; ˜,64a "P+Ÿ–"H¦6 .h
Œ.l
.ha <;<Ÿ+]
, =<?+8
£",ƒ !6\ö

/» L< -. ˜Gž4 ˜O% L/% 'H =2 Z«4ƒ -. ˜,64a  '-'H¦6 ˜O%


='H4 =4m dž– +D¨ !6\M

˜ !+8
4 !‹( =Hž
/04 ˜,‘ ­¶‚6 W4^ =Hž
,9 -.U.,K4a
-.Us# DŸ[?Ð +#¶4FF6\Z

˜4 sÏ Z#fw+8
4 "H‡PCw ~– (-.) ˜, sτ/¦6 "H‡PCw, =#
ØH8
èÐ Ø&8
4'‡^F6\M

,Ä8
D4 g«SU4 ' .Sx ,Ä8
ö (-. ˜,) g«IKI ¥+]
"PD,, .no .-SH,
./l ,Ä8
Y(+, =# á9®y6<ó1

s£"m0% =b -¥ NÄ8,Ä8 KØ]‰G0£"¦6 -. ˜, NÄ8,Ä8(~C "H)


jK"PDl jK,9 ~F6M

eö? - /% "YHž
l g?% .SHl ¼;u¼D; “-” =1 †+]
H, /% "D =Hž
,6I
/04 "YHž
¡Á, /§l G4§˜64 Î'+,, /f¡/ “.”SH, /04 "D =Hž
, =_1.
=d ~– =ɞ//8@Zö Zal e W4±€ +K¬+ =d =º =Hž
,b (/% /04 =d - =º
.h ¡S?Hž
,ƒ) //8@Za9 á9®y1FU\f

[- + . = /% /04 =d = =M© (e "H‡PCw!) Ùä


=¬!U\ä]

6.l /04 =xžZ51§ -.l /% [-s( 6.l =1 $X+]


H .4/P,‘] 6.l =16M
"D4 !'?Ð, =d ~– =ɞ'7´ž “/04” =Hž
,1, -.l =16M “/%” =1 =Hž
,1
g?% L<4 .4ÐPB §˜©% *ƒ O›
Î54F6™ V4'<ó1, '7&žZ‹Ä8
é6 e(
=16M “=d” =# .4/P,64a =Hž
,
á9®y6<ó1

//8@.g?M ¡+?4 7 Ì<K4 “/% /04 =d” ¼D½6 .h¡+?,9 Ì<K, ,Ä8
#
,Ä8
D4 (/l ~F6Z,

NÄ8,Ä8"PD4 ' L/% /gw% =¶ NÄ8


# ,Ä8
# ÍÅ ~F6M Sä6  -. .4/P,
=–&'?Ð "H. /›
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5.3 kM\ —

.1B LÐB GÉ0t4 =RSx =d8, .1B9 =4D&Ø (-..4/P, ˜¶4F;I, -,#
2VU4 ,,Í 8U4
] î4 ZHS !Šd4F;I) =RSH, +Ka. 2C>fKI,
/» ' e[›
.¡dU4 "PQ<m0% ]äKI, ZHI8KI, .no (=#\) e[›
,,I .¡®KI,
GY Ñ?§ („U4 ' Z/$/l Z/û45 („[0fKI "PQ< Gs6, =_; <K6
pK*œ‚b (-. .4/P,) >?#4"/¨6M

PHžZ†
-..4m 1Ù Y<1w)86 PHž
-..4m ,1 =1‹<ŽH0+,ƒ á9®I6\
G4[(l 1# Y<1wI8N =_1, ~4a G4[(, ôa

( ~s4 !"#$D4 =jÐ í 8 =«?(64 cg


p<õÐ Â !"#$7 8x ¡f =¨\Ž79
=¨\Žb ‹<–, G ¡oŽb ‹<– =_af, ¡f ¡oŽ7K_af, ®-Š6, cd6
®-ŠU% Žb ‹<–, G0H¾ Š", 14± Z,I8K_af, G0H¾
, 4O/6,
Ê8Ï% Žb ‹<– ‡PCwCm?% cd6 Š", 14± Z,I8K_af, ‡PCwCm? Š",
Žb ‹<– 14± Z,I8K_af

Pî4 +Ÿ/œH[H-
G -..4m 8‘ ­"‚‡±6) -..4/P,K1 œH[HQ
(Â !"#$7
-.'4öP‹<–, /% L/% Aþ³ cd6@ ¡f -,N =_1. ~2 Z$(, AI“9
!+8
4 ( D,9) ­œ‚F6\Z.

GY -¥ =C4 =dw ~– //8@/l pK*œ‚b “ºº -,±#!” =# m–0+,ƒ p<f


"P<D4– ©, 6 Ð G4g&- ¿64 ùZ4FFU\x ¡f ~+ G4gf9 Sf. =œ‚^,
-. L< 6 G4[(l, -,N =_af. ~4a‘ G4[(, ôa.

¹4 G/?4 ~– !"#$% 8.
¹4 G/?4 - ~M -. HCG? !"#$7

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G6SM AB9, "Ph*YM ZB


¾‹I89 -.//8@, _&45 "&"P3\4'ƒ C1.47^ Â
!"#$% ­Ô‚1.

‡PCw¡aKc !Šd4'‡^6M .no GH0 ZD?KI, GH0 [I8KI JK //8@, =¬6M


LM? =6ƒ - -,N "H‡PCw, -,N "H4/",, -,N "H//8@,, š›
-,N mH+‡PCw,.

-. (//8@) =4O,9 Z<&4'‡±6Z.

p<&¢Ð $X+]
H (¹4-6-.l-3-¡-() .4/P,6I _£"2[,c =RSH, +Kö ¡É ¹4SH
"PQ<,6I =RSH4 +K¡f, =4Ð S# ~/f9 Sf. +1+ ("PÐ?+,ƒ _fäc
!"234"‡X#¡&Ä) à PCw×KI, OŸC® žKI -. .4/P, ˜¶4F; ¹4SH "PQ< .4/P,
˜¶4F jK, K³4F1.

-. U. .V. ­"‚‡±6M. p<f #/?, "PQ< ù<,b -. U.,9 [›


Dڃ, P–b
˜¶4Fax ¡f -. "H‡PCw g.?£" g0mw1‹<, +4|Df.

-,# .4/PG,Y(, Z<&4'‡±6M. "P– .4/P,6I Aû, ü4D®ý, 2</, ˜,, +H


CŸD( $X4O U?G,9 .no >?6, ­"‚‡±6Z.

-. .4/PG,Y(, :-

1. LS+]
H .4/P, = -4. ~M ¹4 =1Y#Ä [Ã
}Hž£" Gs6,. -4 =# ˜¶Î 8 !4Xƒ
5/8¡G69 /?S45, .6®ý /6 JK [Ä8 é6 g0/w(4a K¬4F1.
2. W4^ =+]H,K .4/P, = -.l
3. J^ =+] H,K .4/P,9 = ¹4 -.l, ìë4 -.l, š›
4 -.l, Ø*
4 -.l, `4 -.l, -4
-.l
4. U9_ =+] H,K .4/P,9 = -.'4DPl, -.‹DPl
5. `a =+]H,K .4/P, = -s( 6.l
6. ef =+]
H,K .4/P,9 = -4 -s(6.l, Ø* 4 -s(6.l, ì ë4 -s(6.l, `4
-s(6.l, š› 4 -s(6.l, ¹4 -s(6.l.  -. .4/P,KI 5<H‘ 6.l
ôY g0h ôY i4jk cH<F1.
7. L^ =+]H,K .4/P,9 = -.'4Y P(6.l, -.‹Y P(6.l.
8. p#qM =+] H,K .4/P,9 = ¹4 -.'4Y P(6.l, ¹4 -.‹Y P(6.l, ì ë4

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-.'4Y P(6.l, ì ë4 -.‹Y P(6.l, š› 4 -.'4Y P(6.l, š› 4 -.‹Y P(6.l, Ø*


4
-.'4Y P(6.l, Ø*4 -.‹Y P(6.l, `4 -.'4Y P(6.l, `4 -.‹Y P(6.l,
-4 -.'4Y P(6.l, -4 -.‹Y P(6.l. š› ˜,b ͱ [Ä8 ˜,9 ˜/"U56
-. .4/P,9 /&4"co6Mƒ áD®y6<ó1 - ¹4 š› -.'4Y P(6.l, ¹4
š›
-.‹Y P(6.l - ¼DK_6Z. å *4, ¹4, sÏ (ì ë
4) ˜,9b -s( .no
CŸD(, (6.l) ˜/"U5 œ6š+HQ, (repeated combinations) cd6@ =Z
3rs-. .4/P,9 =6‡^6Z - ¹4 š› 4 š›
4 -s( 6.l, ¹4 ì ë4 -s( 6.l, å *4
š›
4 š›-s( 6.l, å *4 ìë4 -s( 6.l - ¼DK_6Z. ~Z G0H¾ .( `[0H?,9
"PgM4F6Z. “š› -.l [HQ4 ..” =º  =t u+]
H.4/P,º GH0Y ˜¶4'D¨6M.
9. vqwM =+]H,K .4/P,9 = ¹4 -.'4Y P(6.l ¹4, ¹4 -.‹Y P(6.l ¹4
10. "M =+]H,K .4/P,9 = †6Ø <K*ù( i4 g0h, -s( «1t‚Q© g0h
11. "Dy4^ =+] H,K .4/P,9 = ¹4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h, ì ë4 -s(
«1t‚Q© g0h, š› 4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h, Ø* 4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h, `4
-s( «1t‚Q© g0h, -4 -s( «1t‚Q© g0h
12. "z\4^ =+]H,K .4/P,9 = ¹4 ì ë4 ‹HmO› ˜ -. Ø*4 g0h, ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð
-.'4Y P(, ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.‹Y P(
13. "DJ^ =+] H,K .4/P, = š› -. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.
14. "Y\9_ =+] -K .4/P,9 = ¹4 š› -. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -., ì ë4 š›
-. ˜(-.
› › * ›
˜( ˜( -., š4 š-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -., Ø4 š-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.,
`4 š›-. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -., -4 š› -. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -.
15. "M{1 =+] -K .4/P, = š› -. ˜(-. ˜( ˜( -. -.
16. "Dhf =+] -K .4/P, = 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk
17. "M{^ =+] -K .4/P,9 = ¹4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk, ì ë
4 6.l
ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk, š› 4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk,
Ø*
4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk, `4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6
i4 jk, -4 6.l ˆm"/© -s( C6 C6 i4 jk. [j7 kl dp¢_ ?8„
=† 16,c +9_ ‹(,, al¸,K1 vK¨4F¡^]
18. "|}#qM =+]-K .4/P, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l
19. "4vqwM =+] -K .4/P,9 = ¹4 š› 4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l, ¹4
ìë 4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l, ¹4 Ø* 4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h
œft( 6.l, ¹4 `4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( .h œft( 6.l
20. ~H =+]-K .4/P, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( GH0 æùO?4 2V ! g0h
21. ~H :+€ =+]-K .4/P, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -s( G+Ó"#\¡Hî( g0h
22. ~H W4^ =+] -K .4/P, = ¹4 š› 4 -4 Y[H»( ˆm<K*ù( G-0ñ$uY( 6.l
23. ~H J^ =+] -K .4/P, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H -s( G+K [o ŒÁ C6 C6 g0h
24. ] P ›
~H U9_ =+-K .4/, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð š-s( mH+ ‡CwÇ s4 m-( P
6.l ¹4
25. ~H `a =+] -K .4/P, = Ø* 4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y P( G+K ˜6 <[?+-( g0h
26. ] P *
~H ef =+-K .4/, = ¹4 Ø4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y P( G+K ˜6 <[?+-(
g0h
27. ~H L^ =+] -K .4/P, = ¹4 Ø* 4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð -.'4Y P( G+K ˜6 <[?+-(
g0h ¹4
28. ~H p#qM =+] -K .4/P, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)] \ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á #¡-(
#¡-( g0h
29. ~H vqwM =+] -K .4/P, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)] \ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á #¡-(

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#¡-( g0h ¹4
30. ,"‚M =+] -K .4/P, = -4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)] \ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á #¡-(
#¡-( g0h ¹4
31. ,"‚M :+€ =+] -K .4/P, = -4 ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð H)] \ Z[Y( GH0Zr\Á
#¡-( #¡-( g0h ¹4 -4
32. ,"‚M W4^ =+] -K .4/P, = -.‹DP.{t0G HòH 6Ÿ*/8. | Õ
D°g?4/Sgw+4 (D[G? =4/+! =gw+4) 3› (4 Y"( 2V ! ||
33. -. ƒ(„P.4/P, = Y[H»( ZDw{ ˆm<K*ù( j.V, /Þ\ -.l "P@DÏ%
34. †D? -. ƒ(„P.4/P, = ¹4 ì ë 4 -4 Ø*
4 Y[H»( ZDw{ ˆm<K*ù( j.V,
/Þ\ -.l "P@DÏ%
35. 69‡M L^ =+] -K .4/P, = ¹4 6¥ ‹O<Ð Hò64DU(! H)] \ Z[Y( .kH!
"PG6\ <DU( =q/ ИÊ! ‡K-s( Z$¾ 6.l ¹4 ||
36. ˆm $X+] H .4/P, = š› 4 ˆmé g0h
37. K+]‰Q GŠ8+]H .4/P, = K4 K+]‰î( 6.l
38. ‹H/ GŠ 8+]H .4/P, = ‹4 ‹Hm( 6.l
39. [7\ GŠ ]
Œ 8+ H .4/P, = [4 [7Œr\( 6.l
40. C1.47# GŠ 8+]
H .4/P, = CŸ4 C1.Ð 6.l

-. =t H .4/P,9 :- “›œ01m \JS7 11” =º  =t


u+] u+]
H.4/P,º GH0Y
˜¶4'D¨6M.  =tu+]
H .4/P, Ã_ƒ L^ Z«,9ƒ ­"‚‡±6M -

1. ¹4 -.'4Y P( 6.l, ¹4 -.‹Y P( 6.l


2. ìë 4 -.'4YP( 6.l, ì ë
4 -.‹YP( 6.l
3. š›
4 -.'4Y P( 6.l, š›
4 -.‹YP( 6.l
4. *
Ø4 -.'4Y P( *
6.l, Ø4 -.‹YP( 6.l
5. `4 -.'4Y P( 6.l, `4 -.‹Y P( 6.l
6. -4 -.'4Y P( 6.l, -4 -.‹Y P( 6.l
7. ›
š-.l [HQ4 ..

-. =tu+]H .4/P.C/?, :- -. .4/P, SI4Å ~/H,½6 =º+ Z«,½6


P
.4/,9 p4aKI? =<Ù\ 6345*© jK,ô ~<0OD¨6Z. ²ƒ =Z gR4F;I p4b
eÏG "PÏG9 "X<ó1. e jK,KÙ\ <Ÿ»©. y4/ "P‘‹"U5 Z+€/¦ 5<HI
#$:K, =¬ G4gH al¸,1 á5ÔÿuZ. :Ì:+“ .4/P,b GH0.4/P,K jK,9
~F6M, ‘‹, (e[) ¼D½6 ö$,9 ˜¬4"co6M.

-. (4/P,, Ž†, /Ïf c®y1 Z>6, ­"‚‡±6M.

š›
-. .4/P,K à+“ ˜",I L-‚™ ZR ­"‚‡±6M.

-. JK.4/P, ZR# =1G&45 ˜¶456@ =G. ¼D½6 §O =$uda Ú9 (=G.,


P¶8, Š
.V., O&., K‹., Š PS.?,, Â[/0,, <3/0,) <f# <kä <&456™ *ƒ
K³4F1. SÙ `V+ SH?,9 dMÚ4F; yUI .no .h Z"7 8K(4a
!"§¨4'ÍXa.  -..4/P, Ì<K, ¥+] g«+,. `V+ g«?,9 +4a; yUI
-.Ê<I&6 C1.47# Gw&4'<ó1 - =# C1.47N ­Ô‚1.

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PHž
-. .4m , :- š› PHž
-. .4m , C1.47#c  Z«,ƒ Z<&4'‡±6M.

U-(Q =t u+]
H,‘ (“¹4 U-(î( 6.l” (4a “-”) .no 3< "4þ+]
H,‘
PQ ˜ =+]
(“¹4 6.l 3¡(” (4a “.”) Š H,9 W4^ +Dd =M “-.” =¬6M.

HSH, (.) =¨\ †+]H,, n?–Hw(,. “e”-SH, ŠPQ,, ˜66gž6,ƒ


ÍH‡±6M. .SH, (ø) !D¬4F; =º =Hž , <K6 =M s( =# ÍÅ
Ø&8
4"‡^F6\M. =6ƒ =<?+8 ¦6 /6? e/w(4a (.-SH, (4a) eSH, (ŠPQ4
.no JH8 ,) <?+8
._; - Y#Ä s( (.SH,) =# #É} 34"‡^F6\M. Sä6. Â
-. .4/P[‡} ˜, G0Ø(¦6 s(b Í^I6\ "H‡PCw, =# ­"‚‡^76\M.

L Z«4ƒ `Ð <; ˜,64a "P+Ÿ–"H¦6 .h <;<Ÿ+]


, =<?+8
£",ƒ !6\ö =2
Z«4ƒ -. ˜,64a  '-'H¦6 ˜O% =4m dž– +D¨ !6\M.

-. JK.4/P, Y4/ .h¡+? Gs6,. - + . = /% /04 =d = =M© (e


"H‡PCw!) Ùä =¬!U\ä!

“/% /04 =d” ¼D½6 .h¡+?,9 Ì<K, ,Ä8


# ~F6Z. NÄ8
# ,Ä8
# ÍÅ ~F6M
Sä6  -. .4/P, "H. /›
$—,.

.1B9 =4D&Ø -..4/P, ˜¶4F;I, -,# !Šd4F;I =RSH, +Ka.

pK*œ‚b “ºº -,±#!” =# m–0+,ƒ p<f ùZ4FFU\x ¡f ~+ G4gf9 Sf,


=œ‚^ -,N =_af, ~4a‘ G4[(, ôa.

01 JEIA '()"* It(:/

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1.3 A/;7B +CD; 6",E
1.4 35 5F;G5H5
IFJ/ 012(, - 35 KL,
O P@= +CQRSTU
2.1 35 KL, (FA LMN
VJ/ 012(, - 3,#W X+2,
3.1 35 X+2 Y;ZF+7DF
4EM/ 012(, - 35 5F;G(F;G,E
4.1 35 5F;G,
4.2 35 5F;G42Y,
O=
4.3 35 [
4.4 \] 0"^?_
4.5 `C YFa?F
4.6 3/_ YFa?F
:cd+,
4.7 35 "b
4.8 35 (F;G,
4.9 Ke+f
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4.10 35 (F;G5H5
Xg/ 012(, - 35 (F;GhL
5.1 35 (F;G,SB he 8i
5.2 j7kl=
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F r+Os2( op35 ]uq (!"#$N
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+t/?F V&O(12S 7+fx,),

8+t/? y/72F op35 zG^{ | M=} V&O?H;, (#?/(/,), y/72, 0~S op35
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3L ‹ 5Œ P@;} 0Š7, "G>UF€, "G›9Fœ.

Y 35 ž= Ÿ Ž 8g¡U¢} 0;“ 3,“ 0# Ÿ+,SF– 8†¡F[7


"G+£+l;} "G+¤F'z¥4“ (¦&O
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ÄSÂ?Ã
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F, 5ÈR 45, ; e
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hL4% ;· 3= 0Y2 35 ½<2 ;S v+w hLS, ; Xk¡?2,² ½ 8©,”
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€% ½;{# ž= 35 "A4 0Î ?˜Fœ. ; m 35 0² "g,WÅ "?zG^{
"?F zG^{ 0cÏ( "G+¤F"z“œ4T“

1.3 C2=:D &EF= 9(/G

€S{(Y2 0U¡¯(Y2 #$ w7Y2 "?zG^{ €S{R“, 0U¡¯R“, #$ wE“, 0kÑ&


0kÑ&_} 0~!4T“

!ÒY›4F ›32?@
F zG^{Ó 6" !ÒYB7 ›32?@
Ð zG^{,SB 3,#” 6",
+7D4 +CDF"zÔ²

@SF A/]4F ‘F\Õ0FM


6" > @S,S A/;7B ‘Í$ \Õ0FM 0>
½ 6" > ՖE
ÕU +7D4
0> +CDF"zÔ²

U¡ ']¡& $Ö 0×
:4F gk †¡gk IF“, 4E, ½Í, ¬#˜U, "U, "ÙTF“, "?aÍ
ØJk 5ÈR

0× O} kF<Uc}
:gڙ +Û] ^> "¿Ü#˜U NE !ST¼
*, kFÝ,, '+p, Þg7S8
R]} * +CDF€ ª"DzÔ²
©&F€S¼

Y^YG0F]} ;· ]>F /?„ GU 8©,E” ½ A/;7B /?„


Y^> ,E, `^S,E
`^S +7D4 +CDF'zÔ²

kšOß4 +7D4 ' zG^{_2 º/F H `&š kBOE, ßSE +CDF'zÔ² 5ÈR zG^{,SF–
"F'1 OE (8Ž
"F' 8© VÍ „ , 9/, –?Ã
, à?2, M_"=)

+CD;Y2 kÑ?Y2 ;Y2 ß4U +7D4 * `& v+w ßSE


+CD;, v+w kÑ?,SB ;QS¼
Þg7S8 +CDF'zÔ²

1.4 68 8H=I8J8

zGa{á4F `'â 0(F 5FWG zGa{U A/;7B `'+, m (35) 5F;G,, žU


@U YF³Ä
0S¡3 +} *” 0?@
;QS¼ ,² 0S¡(, PS« YF³Ä
+,
(”(¯G5F;G,) 0²

L"Oã2 5F=GÁ S º/F 84 A/} 5F;G0?@


,E 䏔 åCPS Í± gMÃ
? á+f­FU
"G\g= LuF'/æ², t#« (5F;G) A/; "GYST, ›–

šp§ +?{ žL2 +?O


çÁF 0?@
F 5FWG šp(, +?{, (LÄYH;,” #?¡^_ R +?O
B 0?@
,
/g= ( fx?@
(7› ,) m 5F;G, ª‘D²

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G_4% 5F;G} Y?¡


5S4% ] 5SS,; ;&F"RSU 5F;G,, Y?¡ `'2,SB
`'2Y2 `'+} (ª"DgQS Y?¡,SB) `€+, 5F;G,

è 0r(Y2 0Y2 A/Y2 8Mpé 0;“ (3,“) 0r(, êY.B, ½ A/; v+w
(F;G+7D4 8Mp^, 5&R (F;G, +CDF'z¥SU

84 (F G_ % he A/] S (F;G, tBFë h³F€S« A/;E "GYST; ªFgÍ


"G\g=

KHL2 345#/ - 68 MN/

QRB? &ESTUVW
2.1 68 MN/ #HC NOP

Y¡6¢} ì2=?{‹ 0SF; 6í Y¡ Y¡(F¨±, ì2=?{R“, 0SF; 6í, Y¡(,MÅ


ºS º/ ¸Y "G›kB“,

î/ ¡S Yï (Y2 Ylð:P@= î/;¡, ; Y,“, Ylð:P@= 7(,E R`“,


7(Y2 ' 5ÈR

Ox ?L} Y;OÇ ;ï
›?_ ¡S €% k› ›?_;¡, ;, €% kšO; Y;OÇ ?ì ;ï
ñ} _,òS`“

(· º/ /. KL Y@} Ò
G+l;} ' G+l;ÐS 5a /l+f
º 8©,” /. KL,SF– Ò ,
’5}
5a‚ – P@= +CQRSTó

;· º/ 35 KL Y@F LM% º;% O


0A 8©,” 35 KL,SF– m '? 0'? LMN
'3 0'?F 0F] P@= +CQRSTU

ôj 6Ò (½6õ) V?O
(} [2} ?›?, (F– V“ kšOY¡6",E VÑO
r8F€
k+O
(} =GYGº/ ' º= &S8 [žö÷ kšO
, šp§ kšO
,eÄS kšO
]

XL2 345#/ - 6/)Y Z&5/

3.1 68 Z&5 [=\H&:FH

\]3ø ;S{( 0/;Ghù2 \]3,E ;% (Y% €% ½SFg) Y¡6‘E, ?+f


BE,
hLqRE

e]42¸2F ¨/4# U¡Y"OP@]# ½§ Ÿ+,7qT `& (FA P@= +CQRF¥ 5ÈR


' "Gaú ºŽ Ž 7(5œST8. "–4E (14) Ÿ+,E `&
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[º“ û?¾
Ç Ÿ+,E - —, ¨/, [/ (Y¡), 5^, LS,
;", Y;2; º“ 0ü Ÿ+,E - 0;7, 8;7, [;7,
?>;7, 5a;7, Ò]7, S?+]

;W 3ï ÂSã Â(§ 01% 0¼/F¤ 3,“ (Y¡¦() Â(; ÂS± !4T“

GÁ( ½;{Å 0ýþ S5}


LM% Ò OB Ò
LMN G_, 5ÈR ½;{ Y¡6‘“ 0~ !ST
>2% 3,SB S5Yw&F€

S5YOÇ X+2F "G/A% Ò


Gÿ !S º= S5Yw&F"gQS, Á¯NS 3,#W X+2 ¸/SW
(ÅÅ 3,¥# 0#) Y;ZF+7DF (/æ²

7GO2 345#/ - 68 8H=I


#H=I
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4.1 68 8H=I
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ž= #( (Ìg,Ÿ) ”S, (z“œSTU

;% ½={› § 'NÑ@;· Â( G+l=+, (>¡¸8+,) 'NÑ@8ršO


†# Ò W (“½(”)
ž= #( +7P Â( 0# ¦&O
F"z“œSTU

5FWG0(F `'â 3ï `'2 [“Sï 3Â(” 0²] m 5F;G, `'+,, 3,“


>2% ‹M º;‹} `'2,, $¤ (`'+ `'2) YF‹M,

j7g} ' º/ Yô¡×F >©›4F S >©B7B 0#T j7,E 7cFœ², YFk(, t–!
YFk(}

(· 4™ `' S 4ïT ‹ º 8©,” 4™ (µÍ +CQS`“) 0~S -+“ ½


0c,% rÌ% 45, u7/., ; 0c,&“ 0» (uC€S
ƑB =͏»)

;· KL ½;{â 5FWG5F=GÓ 0A 8©,” Ke;{+ (35) 5F;G!ön?_W ½


0c,% rÌ% 5F;GY¡6‘S A/; (3,“) 0c,&“ 0²

4.2 68 8H=I75[/

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["G¯ 5F;G,SB KL,, ¦7+,, (ð, A/;, ($Ö)


0FM 42Y,E !F“²]

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/HT4 Y5}

Y;¡ 0²$„
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’# /æ !ST
0#TØÂ;{+F LM% O”
3,“ \;W +7P 0QT èÂ;{+5( LMN
"G+¤;Ð4“

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'F– * 3,“
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4.3 68 ]?

"G+l]2 YH;} Ú25} í;`> "G+l=W YHN“, Ú2,“, í;`[“ ("[‘ ?F
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"¤:S‘D“ ½ +7~+ ?FŸ !F“`“]

U¡¨L} BFJ- ?;TÂ- Ï® P@?ÐS IF“ ¨L,E +7`“, BFJ7,E


©²?¾
?} ?;TÂ7E ©&F€S`“, Ï͓, ©²?¾
͓

"GYST /g» .] ©lð:0$:+ "GYST /g²“, 8LR“, /?2/FN“, 0$:+


8—ð;} 8—ðN“ (0$:‹M PU¾8—ðN“)

¾
[0$:‹M P– GuO,
E = 0ú5, 5H5, M&5, 705, Ò
G›52,, mk;¡,, /9;¡,]
Ò

"G+l]2 "?|k¡32 LM% ‹S2 "G+l=W 1¥S "?|k¡Í“, LMN


OB ‹# (V7,)
0Fš; rl% 0~S \;² +CQRST`“

25 0r§% 8¨L§ Y?¡ O (3,#) ¬J5


zF”Í ½r?_,7W 0r(, žà
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2 5S 0².S º/ ;· â_ ’#W !ST àÍ2“ /æ 3,“ \;W,


—˜W, 'F–
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!4T“

;· º/ ;Y2 5F;GY2 (Y2 04} 0A 8©,” (IF“ "g,EST) ½ (“Sï 3Â(”)


' Y¡. 0F;§ 5F;G,SB 0F;,S “S5}” !ÒYS L; &nS«
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YÂ(R} A/;E /€n

[NOTE: ž+wJ 8=+ =Gâ_, 5ÈR 5F;G6"


=Gâ_, 5©2 >6"2; ¸8F'/æ²
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O=F 'B9
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0~S 3,# œ: O= P& -

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Sï ̆U 6Ò( F›3( ÄS) 6", +CQS`#š


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½;{ V?O
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0¹ 0& Â?_F G&@
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O;2 A`U 0ßOS >?@


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3,# è
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!4TÍ

O/F= º/F H ($(}


[ O;G, P&
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5ÈR 0[͓# +#F¼

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W `R‘N
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8Mp^F g?M§ÂY ‹ (FgÜ) +Nz?,² ÉuF'” 3,“ †## C+” ;#T


35YO5€šf
"% 8P&Ì@²

Y"O>7 0#¡ cg2 ½¹ ïg Y"O>7 /l+f


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S ^l$:} +íFóG0Î Y35YOY2 ’“ ½ 3,#W (šð wFg)


†# YFWðF€S +íF–
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% 0²ì `C» ".:_,SB *G*M&P
F'” 0²6#DEB `C ÌM,W
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?FM,Ÿ
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3.2 [#p/F >


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@uFª²

4.6 62a [HcAH

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½Ú 8ó 0I4 UBw7qT åCPS`Í, *F.Å

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/æ²

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?•SFgS} kšO
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—ð;}

GF e
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`2<2S #?;} €S{(} "?|k¡?} #?F;? (øS) `2<2²“, #?N“ (always


detached), €S{R“, "?|k¡Í“ 0~ !4T“
3,“

!% gšf ’OT r?[


_‹} Y¡Y2 kN O 5SB 0c,Ý,”
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O [#p/F kN
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’•TSB špFg”
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º/F $_w_F ½` Y¡á?a0Fb} º$ : ) $_w_,SB (for hexagon)


½ 8©,” (3,# œ:
YFR;} á?a0FM,E” (like the long sides and the vertices)
$Í º?D¥4Í

U¡¯(F `[A/ ½îx} IFJ/ ½/?_Ÿ (ËS ªuDS Þg¤ ½/?_Ÿ# `&
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;l¯(F `Rà²F ' [#p/F IFJ/ ½/?_Ÿ (5?´) `R[NS ^²5FN“


r?;F 5ÈR [#p±“, r?N“,

;· 8X$_F 7+fþ_F ' 0FMgF ' 0A 8©,” 8X$4“, 7+fþ4“, 0FM–“,

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0u 0&5?¾
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kN

VÍ2+O
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:d“,
©?{Ò7} ' [5F;G} ' 0c} 3$:d/?¾
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½/l;} ’“ œ:
[5FN : ½/&F€ !4TÍ

;;} Y^YGglÿ /HT} ©?{ìÄ/ÍÓ ’“, 0QT, (5©?{36,


0+wJ Ì´U +²TE +CQS žF–
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/Í4“, 0#E“, 'F–
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Thus, Nadi is a connection center between the physical body and the underlying subtle
Cosmic Prana Energy that holds the functioning of the physical body and mind. Nadi centers
are not an imaginary fabrication of (someone’s) mind. The subtle Prana Energy is expressing
itself as gross physical body and mind. This relationship has been visualized as Nadi system
by so many ascetics and practitioners of Yoga from ancient times. Their experiences and
obeservations were congregated into Yoga Theory, which has had been validated from time to
time, again and again scientifically by the serious practioners of Yoga.

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¶^ TX (®Ë356, / ýÐ
7#) Š@, O¹
59 b5• íO
0@5Gj u/ƒ 0@5Gj Q• !5¨b

· a '€[ë
N QRÄ 0Q2 QK2˜ © ":Q>d ,I2 Q¨@(5: ­{[ Q¨>
E5u/5ƒ !5¨b

a 0Q2a a 0Q2 u/5ƒ WÙ (5: ?&G#H Q¨>, J Q¨@(5: ³´


­ƒ 8O6l˜ ­5p 0Î+ Q¨> !5¨F# )L(r•F8

(° 0Nn S= "{U5 š}˜ W2"P5 · 8g,^ µÃ 0Nn{S(}8 œî


4) JAF5: Q#,>
·/5 Nw[5 QR˜ W2"P5 *^ Nw[,F5: ³´ (0F^ Nw[ g[‰,>
W2½5eFî
#[n&P
5›) 0ÎpÎ+ Q¨> (09“N2,^) W2"Pc
!FH8.

926
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 18/52

YdefgB G8hi/
1.10 c

UV 0TF E†F !ÅF W2Q˜


T 0#H Q¨@(5: E5'&5› WXY, #[n&P

Q6 ³[‰ +“+[ f/9{PgF5l˜ g[‰,@b 0bE&5e © "= [+,@ WXY>^
·Ã 9NW(/˜ E}na QRÄ œ"~r¨›FH= -
'[5ƒ
UV,
1. T
2. 0TF,
3. E†F,
4. !ÅF,
5. W2F,
6. Q6,
7. ³[‰,
8. +“+[,
9. f/9{P,
10. gF5(,

S @, Þ+/ 05N> 9&o5'r•F8.


[WXYFA Þ
WXY +Œ Þ+/ 05N 08ƒ+ Q¨@Ž
E5'&5›b 0# {{P¶9[o>` 9&o5"r>b.]

JE2 Qšp +5S Q Yd/ - |Ë, Qš+,, +5S,, QÂ, ˆ5¨ T9,@
c
TÅ5d$ó
9n( A5K@2˜ ' ".F ÉUùú, A5KL# ø[] UV WXY
¶ D6,F T
ø[] UV˜ E5'[ƒ
¶D²Ä T E5'&5›b


{U0O+Ù d@þ T
ÚV 6# šþU f×Ä e5H/ - œY>, +bH>, d@þ, (T9, ?¸X
W2F˜ E5'[ƒ p> +>® "UfN, - ankle bone), Qš+,, +5S,,
½Ë:> "UfN,@5: W2F WXY E5'&5›b

d9 .UøË å7 !9[ /“$V 3cH/ - d9, (?@8E[¿ SF,),


F `X Nw[j
+Ù 5T Q dÅ 0—H^¼Ä .U, (®Ë356, / ýÐ7# 056,), ûK>,
0TF˜ E5'[ƒ Ÿpùú, !9[,, /“$V,>, ½Ë:>, pL ½+Œ>,
QÂ, +¨®Ž ¯9ë»d@ b5• .U,FA !FH
Ån[, F5: !FH 0—H ^[, F5: 0TF WXY
E5'&5›b

E[nE5‡ES!ÅF˜ 'SH/ - E[n E5Õ@(5: (joints) !ÅF WXY

T9_EP7˜ 0½ E[n^ÃUÄ G’H/ - T9 _EP,@5:, 0#H 0/(/,@5:

927
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 19/52

E[nW2* E†F˜ W2½5›F= E†F WXY

ß+P0FH [j=+5 ^ÃU0—HQ E_ ßÓ5eF 0FH, +Œ [E‘",b Nw[,F5:


W2"($ =nE"Pƒ E_¾UÄ QR 0—HÇ Eq W2½5"`Xà, >WX ˆ5¨ É@ QR
†¼Ý
Ä '[$ E†F WX˜ 0—HQ †[Ý
,@5: '&5›à E†F WXY 0—HÇ ³•
E_ E 056 !T56 +Vr[5 056,> !T56,@Ç !FH +Vr[,b
W2–Hƒ W2½5"`Xb.

Q^= W(/˜ "5' {nY ({nÁ) 0šS `9/ ;B‹ ž< efg@ '[‰,, ;,+>
J= E5uW˜ ™9@d WÙ# E5u85"`Xb

€59ES5 @5 0FH5 ' [j=Ä +¨®Ž !FH @,, 0FH, ?¸X [j(F,@b
EZ&{5 ¢^ eLO

UV˜
€59 ?g26{˜ T # "“¦Á UV WXY WÙ# ÉË`Xb
+¨® ?g2Ž !FH T
A}2%

S"2 @ !"&
0²H˜ !"& @5 j S½5e, @, íF 0QH:>
0—H íF @,b E5j
S"2 En(5 0TF5
0QH%# E5j S½5e En(5^ 0TF,b ¤5= Å#ÇÎ
¢d^ E5j
U"2 ÃF ·/ E_ †Ë{˜
E5T (0TF) WXY Ån} "Ulä5›à
"Ulƒ

f_ ?g2 6{5 n@F5 WXQ f_?g2,FA ð[*


, J (S}—H) n@F, WXY`
TLÇ /¬H˜ 0TÎF Nô˜ f_ TL5"r•F3 ([O
5"r• #¼ë
h5"r¨à) 0TF,`
?,2 n@ƒ B?‰=^ f_?g2,Î nL5›b

UÿF ç$ó?g2
n@| ånt˜ T UV WXY` !9[ ?g26{cF
(J) n@F ån@@Ç T
6{5 @5 0€2$y5 0+s% @,b <OŒL ɕ`Xb

@ !"& E?&~{ /25F E5X+P


5 @, Z9 E?&~5'r•F (ßÓ5eF) /25F (³[>
0FH5 /¬H E5X+PW&k "+n5 ™9@d) E5X+P
cF 0FH, 0—HÇ ³•F MÙ`
0+s% "+n?db

ÃF ¾n9 Š{U@ [+Pz[2 ‘" [E Å#` '?., Š{U,, @,, [+P


,, z[2,
UV˜ "“¦Á A}2%
®w3=+5 T ‘",>^ [E, \F /2[S"Å[S UV WXY
,@^ T
ÉË`Xb

E†F WXQ E_ E}na QRÄ E†F WXYÇ ³• 0#H Q¨@(5: (0&—5eF


[E5 W2"($ ”nE‘»V f; Jq[) [E,b (essence) W2½5"`š ”nE‘",F
WX˜ '[ƒ f_,F5: WXY E5'&5›b.

F/˜ 22? [5]U˜ Nw[E2 W(/˜ Nw[, +Œ û<‰= [5gU,@ Ån} WXY>
A[n5ƒ 8^‰ U= 8E[¿
F5 ?@,, Š{U, ™9@d /2[S"Å[S
,> 8E&¿
5›b

928
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UV +[‰
#”nE !Z§¶E pE˜ ' T #”nE, (^L *>ØGb.), !Z§¶E, (^L# r(.A
!'2Ã Ý
/:>.) ?¸X pE, (9d UV WXY `X
.) T
"b> 0# œ"~r¨b

8^‰ U= 8E[¿
F5 0TF WX ?@Š U:> 8E&¿
5›. 0TF WXY `X
+[‰ "b>

qF !TÅF `3
4= W2F +[‰ 4Gb., +9L+>
(`€@Ç, p#úÇ, |ÙÇ) /9>., "î
™9@dF8 W2F WXY "b>

f_E2 !FH(Q=+5 !ÅF +[‰ P. (buoyant or levitating force)


f_,b íO ;€
™9@dF8 !ÅF WXY "#

Nw[ –$k=+5 E†F +[‰ Nw[ –$V, ™9@dF8 E†F WX +[‰

Ý}= Q6 +[‰
!Å Ý[, (|Ù b5• !,‰.) Q6 WXY +Œ "#

#Z@Q= ³[‰ +[‰ +bH> Šš )ì›Gb. ³[‰ WXY +Œ "#

% +[V5 +“+[ +[‰


A €?‰., +“+[ WXY +Œ "#

{5%Uf/9{P+[‰ J/L5›. f/9{PWXY +Œ "#

×*
3‰= gF5( +[‰ (Qš+,, |Ë Ån}) ×*
$ ‰, 8E&¿
5›. gF5(
WXY +Œ "#

SF5 WXj
·/5 QRj SF5 {% +[‰ SF5, WXj
© 8g,^ QRj SF5 WÙ +[‰> ¢d^
6
' E?2Á å n QR E5)gF5 )>aG# QR \=]`aGF/(b.
A}2%

1.11 `a j?k

(? #(? X{˜ ®Ë$˜ (?, #(?, '+Œ^ 0D2E, `X›FH


E[nE56 8/&¿
{˜ ®ËĨ, E[nE56 (8$(,@ ".*JEAP>, WEF>)
"& 26, `šFW¨,

+“{892˜ E{2g[‰[Ç Ó{ç¹


? (rU_‰) 892b 0g2(F5 `šFW¨, E{2,
g[‰,@5: #XAPCX5¨W¨, ç¹
g,b
ñ5eFW¨,

@3 #[{˜ ½{“ †{“


dË\_ dËYb ¾85›.Ž ! Æ_/5€¨, {L*{5¨
«@A
8,(˜ 8,X¨,

929
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En JN¹
? !+PEÅZ[ 89n% hO
{˜ b !FH JN¹
?, ·3à (rU_‰'}2N¹
?, p#,
SN¹
6“_j ?, p#, WF"Uj
SN¹
?, p#, EQ2jN¹
?,
P
p#) 0+ŒK œ"~r•F EÅZ[,F5: 89n€
+L—FW&` hO
€CFW¨

„@ Š@ !9p#n{5 {–/F5 (È/F 81F,FA p/@šF) „@,>, :5">, MË


U"2
T E?“=]^ !FH {–/F,FA `&

[?2f× rU_‰ `$ E?#nà rU_‰892A E5r5‡5eF É9 `$ +L—F [?2cF


"UfN,F5:

Eng[‰ #[{ rU_‰8% E†/“à Eng[‰#[€âF rU_‰å


6b>` ³•F=

„@ Š@ ®$~ W&˜ aE5º¼y „@,>, +59 Š@,>, ®$~,>, @,>


®$ Œ@,^ aE5º[y
,^ !FH=

¹ F6¼ W 0½
fW({Î F%m¼ ^ ¹?,F p#, ÌÅ
fW@(,F p#, F%m[,F p#, ^
F6[,F53Q p#

a)uF ?S5 F 0ƒ !'ØMZ({5 P^ p+, ?w O¹


?5e )Â{cF ?S,b, ?w ;€ 59^
0@~Ån[5 p+, {AŒ/ Ån[,> +L—F=

õ?l= L"P5 E[n[p


 E?#n{5 õ?(, ™9âF WÙ` 0>+r•F=, 0#H
+“ n 8g,>^ (5€Y> ™9@d WÙb5•) [+
V
+L—F= ·}~î `aG#

{{UÉÅ5{ N¹
/V5 A[n$ 765 0+ŒK ÉÅ5{ N¹
/V,b `Xà 76,b ¢d^
E? J[ê% J[5Â5'/(b.

Ja 8Q(+5 E5º2 En ™.4™9. 8Q(A•# ºÓ5e, {F +Œ


­$4f/ 5F n ­$4f/{@A F?EŒ&5e,

ºsn+PJEÎ šS n T
UÁ ,b !9Á º[n, œ½~F 8g,^ JEF,F5: šS[,^ ³ÑØ#
,b W 0½ ?“: JEÎÄ Ó{ ÜË~ =AŒF p#, !{P[ =AŒF p# c{P#
JEF 6Ç JEF,F5: ("9‰, õ,I ™9@d) a÷EF,
ÉaGF/(b.

8Ån$ E? d¹
/ hs Qj6¹9“Á 8Ån5aCFW¨ +5S,, h[aÆ E?,^ !5e,
‚
« ?,2 NNu“% =Á æ5r5 "N2$ Qš+, e/[ 9“‹4¯Ù4, ‚
« ?g2,F '59Uæ5r,b
Î UD25 0?“{5 ½e% à›à, Î{U,@Ç 0?“{, U6/(b

Ån9N †{Ul ­Kl WX5 "BH5¨ †{U@ p@,Tî ­´ Q• (5:


Jº[2 !9¼ šS{5 ånt/'X{5 WXYb º&5e, !9[,Ž !FH ån@@Ç

930
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 22/52

¼„æ5:X+P
5 0—H?5K@X{5 ³•XFH ¼„ ([-p[) æ5:X+P
5 (0F^, [5 Nrë
,Ç)
12Ò% 0—H?5K@,b 12#5'/(b

¼'Ò% ½56#l ½56#` ¼'F, `(/(b (­5{A ,5: º&5eF


WXYb 8¨//(b)

[;K? Qš+ [5gU, b5• ^L *LØ, G5œ, ¾® J


WXYb ES5Â5"`š, A• Qš+ [5gU, Ån}
8¨//(b]

®F˜ ½56#l Jº[2 A5 n ?Ñ+j& ½56#` WXY º&5e A5uF, `š,
¼'Ò% ­Kl ­K` ¼'F, (B?‰=^ /:>.) `(/(b

[A• Qš+ [5gU, b5• ^L *LØ, G5œ, ¾® J


WXYb ES5Â5"`š, ;K? Qš+ [5gU, Ån}
8¨//(b]

ƒU'€˜ ƒU'€˜ E"PƒU'€˜ †E 3, 4, 3, 4, 7, 3, 4 †E,@ "[25{, ƒUE5g2@5:


"[25{5 ƒUE5‡Ä {% 05{}VÄ *,
?¸X WÙ ?g2Ž, 0F^ =F,FA JË jË
' $< +“{n ·/5 J'¼% QR \=]˜ U£‰ D/Q E¬{,^ º[+ A5u+
œ½~F 8g,^ (¢
u/ƒ ¼'F,>) J'&5eF QR \=]Ëdb

{{˜ Nw[ @f{n %½P/¬H /“=] 0®~¨ Nw[, ÃL+P "Uph5›à (S[) 0—H /“=],
Q9 0Â/2OP
˜ u/ƒ Q9, (base tone) 0Â/2+P
?db.


c A/

1.12 c A/ 3Hl

UV 0TF E†F 76˜


T UV 0TF E†F WXY@ +@ñ+Ò T
T Ukl?,
UklŸ u/ƒ
T 0db.

¼'+ º[+ A5u+ êfF E ƒU8‡˜ ¼'+,, º[+,, A5u+, ê9,` 0=


Ukl?,) Š¨ 8g,>.
(T

à /[yJ{‰p˜, {j‰% "UV/ ·/ 08 /[y


?(,>, pYF "UV/ (0+!+? = g5)
Ukl?˜
T Ukl?,
T

931
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 23/52

1.13 l#—Y, Ž!—Y, GiGM— ;i†H/

"ʼn= JEF ES®†$ QE 0²¹ "9‰ JEF,F5: šS€CF ®ËĨ Qš+, e/[
NNu“% æ5r Q2 Æh å@ 8 F ­{ 9“‹4¯Ù4'59Uæ5r5 àÞ
P '59Up5ƒ# º&P
^
P5K^
Jjn=a

0p[ŠwP[p
P5d _5EW¬M 0p[Š&P
, ;i® [5dŽ !5¨F=, _5EW¬#,
P ¢t ^(mUu/ƒ
95K_j 95K, _EP,F5: g&5eF=, eFH ½@*‘",Ž
+F"¨F= ^(ƒU0db

!p[Š&P
˜ ×n 5d [j
-W¬M !p[Š&P
, )>® [5dŽ !5¨F=, 6ËKW¬#,
X/m '+¹
_jP j8mUu/ƒ '+¹
, g&5e, X/ƒ ‘",Ž +F"¨F= j8ƒU
0db

?p[Š&P
˜ +“3
y5d /“$uW¬M ?p[Š&P
, F>® [5dŽ !5¨F=, /“$uW¬#,
] ƒU_@1&K E[Enm u/ƒ
/“Å ƒU_@1&ä, /“:
]}L ‘",Ž +F"¨F= E[Enƒ
0db

1.14 3Pi, 'Pi, APi 45H/@

0p}= {U( 0k5 p[V5 ·p+


[5 0p[, ™9@d Š¨ Ž+,@A p[V5 ·p+
[,,
"[5Q2ƒ˜ "UV/5 u/ƒ ­ƒ 12Ò% "UV/, "[5Q2ƒ 0# D85e 12#5'/(b

[0p[, !p[, ?p[,> 0bF8 ƒU®Ù. 08 ‚˜-


ß/˜-a/˜ 0b Š¨ Ž+,>, å6“%-En"H-aĽP
0b Š¨ ®[,> ÌÅ šS€>, E“‹4-šSƒ-
@(,>, 9U$4-9“‹4-9“N2, ™9@dF8. J ƒU®k
E576, g5p[,. 0= "[†{‰A E56.]

­Kl ¢q2% WX5 Jº[2 ­´ Q•` ¢_2, b5• WXY º&5e "9qË
lKN † U˜ 0p[5 e5{($ †{U@ p@, Tî 0p[,b e5ƒ5'/(b

[†{U= _Ú
mnZØ[V p@,]

º&{ WX5 '€˜$‹4† U˜ º&5eF WXY 0Ë/= Q>d (64) †{U@ p@,
A5uñ n !p[5 12($ Tî A5uF, `Xà !p[, 12#5'/(b

º&{ ½56#l ÅnƒU5N% 0t² ½56# Q•` WXY º&5e ,"~= ˆ5¨ (32)
†{Ul ?p[ Š&P12ÎF †{U@` ?p[Š&P
# 12#5'/(b

·/5 +¹ V ®F˜ ®F˜ A}2% © 8g,^ +¹


?,^ ?nú ?nú `(/(b.

932
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 24/52


1.15 c A/ nf !4H/@

0¦ JEF 9“F 7d /B ½?‰. JEF,F5: 9“.,^ !FHW¨, {Fb b


/N"ì›AFH 7—

<{ ¬{ 0NF˜ <{cF, ¬{cF Jq[, †{U ßÓ5››FHWC

aĆH QRES?@ )3[S


5 aĆH Q• (5: ?@, û@—5›Gb.A

7d r9]"ʼnE| WX5 '5fUV ]C '5:


7— "ʼnEF r: «#` (­´ Q•`, ;K?
0º[2 (°NOPA5uñ n Þ¼2V Qš+,`) WXYb º&5e (°NOPA5uF, `š,
¼'ñ n ÞË2#` (½56# Q•`, A• Qš+,`) ¼'F, `š

®F˜ Þ¼2V Jº[2 A5uñ n ?[t ÞË2#` (½56# Q•`, A• Qš+,`)


'5fUV 8¼'2 «#` (­´ Q•`, ;K?
WXYb º&5e '5:
Qš+,`) /=L¯Ù4

(l {2O% (l E5º[2 f## 8¨›| Å#` º&5e (-+ Qš+,Ç


1[Ò% P)
WXYb º&5e ?nú 0f Qš+ [5gU,Ç 8¨Þ
1[V `(/(b.

{% ·Ã )*p u/5ƒ © 8$(c )*+,> +@Y.

UV5 T
T UÁ ­Kl ½e% UV WXYb ­´ Q•` (;K? Qš+,
,5:^ T
Ån}) *@Ø/(b

#(<{5 ‚7 0F2l ¼'Ò% #(<{cF J WXYb ?[t ?Ñ+ (½56#) Q•`


(A• Qš+, Ån}) ¼'F, (B?‰=^ /:>.)
`(/(b

* n ½56#l EZ[V5 0ï r1n {ËW{ 0f 8g,^ ½56# Q•Ç (A• Qš+,


{2O% W?l Ån}) *LØF WXYb r5‡5e ;K? Q•` (;K?
Qš+, Ån}) /9@/(b

1.16 3F5G/n `a 9d j?k

Þ}2'59U?m˜ 0ÎF 8‡Q Þ[2 '59Uj


SF,âF ½56# (A•) ?¸X ­´
0D2E5 EÅ {Fn 5 (;K?) Q¨@` EÅ 0D2E/\@A

] Q•6k u/5ƒ (<Q5


\Å ]âFW&O QR6V,
Š¨ †E,> í^ #(?r:
†E{Ul% ø[]
¶{˜ \9], 0db

U{˜ ?g25=Î j(5 0[]


T }ÃU€ U:
¤ ëF, ?12_H,F, j(5p@,F, 0[]
}€«@

933
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 25/52

A5up$ Nô˜ 0Bƒ "[25{5 (5: A5u+,@b B?‰=^ ;Fp (80) /[A Q>d
'€˜W[5 Eo 0u2¾% º.> '+Œ^ 0D2E, `(/(b

+M(š ¾n9˜, +5– u/ƒ ?g2 P –^ G5{ p@, b5• œ?. "î
jgF `Þ 4b,
4b
{[W{ p@,Ž ?g2Ž /:A ®î

!ƒP$ó
€ !{P T
UVs, "ʼnEF5 UV#sg, (%[qp@ 0D2E,`) !{P?, p^
T
?_% "ʼnEF, íO ̛b.

ÌF N¹
?åÃF ^{U?[ë
F5 J'¼% N¹
?"¨.`{ Nw[,b @,Ç ?[ë
F5 `(/(b

9“. @f ' 0½ {E2 ^{UE2 9“.{n, (rigidness) ?¸X @f{n, (lightness or


å(Ã agility) J f_,FA ·[~¨b

1.17 LWi )#A/

0D2EpÌ "U¦?5 NEP5 ’


[ J2 * T>, Îñ2 Jq[,^
0D2Ep@,Ž ™9r
RF5 maGb. "UNEP,

{{˜ 0D2¾ šSw‚Ã F /% {ËW{ 0D2E, šS[cF Jq[,F5: 6Ù4


#(?6¹
_˜ #(?, 0/E[, Ì:

(° š5I 6Q W2`
Ú uÉ% /N2˜ · 8g,^ µÃ -+ š5_,, -+ ·bd, -+ ®L B?‰=
Nô˜ Nô˜ B?‰=^ /N2?d|

{° ·/ ¾8Ç WX˜ 0F2° _5ƒ 0f 8g,^ #(5ƒU5'r•F WXY /N?db,


jg+5 Ì# jgA# E5_&5›b (¢‡5›b)

X+P
5 X+P
5 {2O% WX5 X+P
5 WXYb XOP
X+P
,^ /9@/(b ?¸X
X+P
5 ' º[Ò% XOP
X+P
,^ º&5'/(b

X+P
5 X¡P
F r!Hl% ·/5 š=]5 XOP
X+P
,^ r5‡5'/(b, 0®~¨ š=]#
0W®Hl% ¤596@¨

(° ­$41[k% W7˜ 0F@E2 * (å6¹


© 8g,^ 0—H +Œ %", ðL—5eFî {P^
"U%"F5 N¹
9]Ç) ?AŒ/Ç WXYb 1[V `šF

Q9 0Â/2OP
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EJ ‰ J{‰# {5, {5 Ž+5 8åF J J{‰fY¨ M J{‰P !QH¨, W¥ Ž+,FA J{‰


©¬ 0# )>aGb,.

6M )+E2 05{5
† )w˜ J{‰8å ë
)O5' /: , J{‰En‘",b 0bu/º[n+,^
6<$ 2ƒ )>aAFHW¨ )+, +Œ 05{,b `ËGbb.

951
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 43/52

®[2 345#/

3.1 )t ‚¯#qH (i‡YmT° ±9¨


O =¢ ±)8%H??

0¦ _ ·FU5 ”5•Ž2 0¦}nV5 0î ½?‰. © 8g5^ ”5•>2¨ 0¦[n ?_&C


#
""U'§ - "&"UhH5œb -

(% ·+5 0+
[5 #‹ Œ(U5 h/U5 "[rU_‰, ·+,, 0+
[,, #‹ Œ(,, h/,, E%
EQ‰{U5 "[5rU_‰, {j‰% +¦5 (!#O) †{U, 0ñ!5K^ 05: · 8g,^ (·
­95 8Nn5 å(Ã, +¦5 ýS(Ã, p[V,`) © 8Nn, #5eF=? · 8g,^ šSƒ +L—
+¦5 0š‰$ '(Ã, {% E5N(5 !FH=? · 8g,^ 'F?d›FH=? J 8$(,F5:
P5 0[”
t€ š ­ƒ. SKY MY.
Q E5N(,b t=5"6@ E?Ë

E _ !W' 0¦}n - J 0¦[n ?_&C© 8g,^ œ¯~b -

E{2U5 ”5•@2! "[5rU_‰ ”5•t2! "[rU_‰, #‹ Œ(,, 0+


[, 0bF=
#‹ Œ(5 0+
[5 ­ƒ "[? E{2,.

0¦ 0½ 0E2 0‘"E2 rU_‰V˜ mUä 0ñF"~ْ © ‘"[¬{ rU_‰,F5: Š¨


‘Tä u/5ƒ, #$ Œ@5 E+@5 ‘",> JT=5'r•F8 - 1) #$ Œ@, [Without
E+@#$ Œ@5 ' ­ƒ Parts] 2) E+@, [With Parts] 3) E+@#$ Œ@, [With
and Without Parts] - 0bF8.

3.2 ‡YmT/ &‚ )" ‚B „(/

6F5 JF595
(% E{25 8å 6F,, JF59,, #‹ Œ(,,
·3Ã E{2,, 8å
#‹ Œ(5 #[5F5 E[n6{5 #[5F,, E[n6{,, aÞ+/,, E[nÇ,I,,
aÞ+/5 E[nÇ,I5 0#¼ë
N25 0#¼ë
N2,, 0?“{, 0ñ!FHá 0= ©
0?“{5 0šP{% ­95 #$ Œ@5 #$ Œ@‘",.
‘"5

3.3 ‡YmT/ &‚ G&B)" ‚B „(/

0¦ 0E2 l E_ 0šP08Å2 ½?‰. r) #8< E_#{,â 08Å2 ‘"


Š@"U+“ƒ˜ †l Ž¬{ \+*+“$y ®B(Y&sx †l ‘",^, Ž¬{ ([Q dV) - \+*
J{‰ 0l E_l f/˜ +“$y (E{P¶ dV) - +“$y({Ÿ dV) ƒUdk{‰+c "U+Ù{cFá
½56• ?;Nn[ ©ò4{% ­95 0E2 (?¸X) Å#ÇTî +“$y½56# (dark brown) ‘",Ž
E+@5 #$ Œ@5 ‘"5 ?XCF A²^M™
!FH fY¨ E[nNOP "U+Ù{cQ–

952
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 44/52

- 3? L ‡YmT/ +Œ E+@#$ Œ@ ‘",.

[0F^ "U+“ƒ ®Ë$ En‘" rU_‰,]

3.4 G|5PA/, GM³# ’#

6F?ÒF (†|
0¦ ·$ å 6F?XCF J fY¨ (†bC
½?‰. å Î 0Î+
0p?({ rMj25 "UåÒ( 8g,âF "Uå‘",^ "U+Ù{?dF# çËGBb.
­ƒ

0— {j‰% {"2†Q% E{2p†% 0®~¨ Å#`{ (J ç&+`) {"aÆ`{ E{2p?,`{


mUä 0+
}V2 å(5{ Š¨ 0+
[,> (0-p[, !-p[, ?-p[,>) ®Ù4F8

U W2_“{(˜ ƒU"Å ^(mU


ƒm Š¨ W2_“€> (‚˜, ß/˜, a/˜ Ž+,>), ƒU"Å
{U7 ÉŘ {U7 fW˜ {U7 /}
y˜ ^(mU(Š¨ É9,@A Š@?5{U,), Š¨
{U7 06H(˜ ' å(5à Ý
É9,> (üÁ, (ۘ, j?) , ,d Ë f/{> (rU_‰,
8Ä «¨), Š¨ /[y
y, Ë: ,> (;i®, M@,,
JA"'Ø) ?¸X Š¨ 0dH> (^[”
" 2—H, 9O
k—H,
J_/Ml—H) ®Ù4F8.

7 0& f2 ‚ Q5 E[n µNn[2 · © fY¨ u6/5€¨, E[n µNn[2 E5"bH¨, E[n


E5"FH˜ E[n W2* W2*,

E[n ‚ F5 _“9Ò E#H8l


4 E[n ‚{,@ _“9(,@(5: "Uƒ‹ó
€CFW¨,
†lz †(l J+“m˜ †lz, En’( †(`{ Jp[, +L~5›AFHW¨,

E rUq‰ E 8Ä
y˜ E Ë9U˜ E ­59U˜ E 0{¨ rU_‰, 0{¨ 8Ä «¨, 0{¨
yY, 0{¨ Ë:
E¼n fW˜ E}nä ‚ # «¨, 0{¨ E[n f/{>7, E[n ‚{,>
­5:
0ñFW¨,

P% E ·/ "”Ø% E ·/
E ·/ ®[j 0{¥ ÜË~ (,5:) !FHW¨, 0{¥ "h؆F (ðF+)
!{P[{˜ E ·/ 9O
V{˜ E ·/ !FHW¨, 0{¥ !{P}F !FHW¨, 0{¥ 9O
V,F
P% E ·/ "&3
0gj 4% E ·/ E[n5 !FHW¨, 0{¥ 0#Hx®t !FHW¨, 0{¥ E[n,.

3.5 ‡YmT/ &‚ G&B „(/

0¦ 0E2 f/E2 J{‰NOP’¹ P


KE2 up ½?‰. © fY# +Œ J{‰NOP’¹ Pb6¹
K +Œ up _,
0b+5½|, `{

9 PÃU( ‘" 0b‘T {7˜ 9 PÃU( ‘" 0bdVcF {bY #WE,, M@

953
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 45/52

JWj, ­5%/[ 9# "U÷2, +>/@ 9#,@ /5Ù ÃQ‘",, Q>d ¢MY>


'€}˜M˜, +@W¨,

0`}, 0T"phM {% ­95 0E2 0`˨, 8+“{, Ì#W¨ - 0= © fY# (J


E+@U5 ‘"5 rU_‰, +Œ) E+@ ‘",

3.6 (i‡YmTC B&v


d `A/@

0¦ ·F5 0¦}nVU5 ”5•@2˜ 0®~¨ © 0¦[nV ?_&C


# ”5•>2¨ "&"UhH5œb -
""U'§ -

u6/$ EQ‰{U5 e% JF59 ·+[E5 u6W$! E% †{U, e% JF59 ·+[E, 0#


+j‰% !'2à "[5rU_‰ ­ƒ ;5:`{ "[rU_‰ œ"~r¨b? 0#.

E _ !W' 0¦}n - 0{#O (”5•>2#O) 0¦Ën¨ ­t œ¯~b -

(j‰% ' r“_ƒ r“5_(ƒ ' f#`{ E[n, /“=]œ5:|, /“=]œ5=5"`X|


E[n5 {j‰% !'2à "[5rU_‰ ­ƒ 05:`{ 0= "[rU_‰ 0# œ"~r>b.

0¦ +j‰% !'2à J{‰ ­ƒ ­®~¨ ;5:`{ 0= J{‰ 0# œ"~r>b 0F^

(j‰% E[n5 J–Hƒ E[n5 J9ÃP f#`{ E[n, W2½5››FH=, E[n, ¤5:›FH=,
E[n5 ­ƒ ' {j‰% !'2à J{‰ ­ƒ E[n, 0ñ!FH= 05:`{ 0= J{‰ 0#
œ"~r¨›FH=.

0¦ +j‰% !'2à ?;Nn[ ­ƒ ­®~¨ ;5:`{ 0= ?;Nn[ 0# œ"~r¨›FH=


0F^

(j‰% ?_ ©N˜ NrëgnQ2 ' f#`{ ©N 0b ?_{P[ gn#` ?¸X J{‰NOP


`
P- E[n5 ©Nà E ?;Nn[ ­ƒ
J{‰Np E[n,b F•½5››FHá 0= ?;Nn[ 0#
œ"~r¨›FH=.

0¦ +j‰% !'2à 9 PÃU( ­ƒ ­®~¨ f#`{ 9 PÃU( 0# œ"~r¨| 0F^

(j‰% a:NØ[5 {" EP/2†Q( «#^ ¤59/(F# 0ƒ +$4cF


f#`{ u6/5€•Î ®€
0{UÒ ®{Up†( ­ƒ {}5 Pƒ5'^, ¢^ E5€‹4œ5= Q2ƒ[‰XCF
{"aÆ `š a
€ò4F u6/ Q2ƒ[‰ÒF JƒU// u6/5€¥ {Fb Î 9{P{ `šçB| (E?&~5›GB|),
9ÇP(j‰% ' 0FÞ(l5 0ÃU˜ f#`{ 0FÞ( ?¸X 0ƒU?_&C95"€@A
{F7 0u/% {j‰% !'2à «#^ 0ñQ–, 05:`{ 0= (rU_‰,) 9 PÃU(
®€
9 PÃU( ­ƒ (9{P+0ƒU+­(5) 0# œ"~r¨›FH=.

P# É9 E[n5 É9
0¦ 7 0E2 #Ëp 0= (0î/5Ù rU_‰,b) )>aAFHW¨ E[n,
)>aAFHW¨ 0db 0# #[y
ñ5"r•F=

954
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 46/52

0¦ 7 _ x 892 ·/5 "[5 !T¾P ;/Ë © "[892b !Tš5e 0=Ò Îb 0#


E˜ 0_5 ­ƒ E rU_‰ 8% u/ƒ )>aA5™s WË rU_‰, )>aG# rU_‰
0d:Ë (rU_‰ 8% rU_‰ ·/ u/ƒ!).

0{U·Ã )*p u/5ƒ ­+ŒK © 8$(c )*+,> !FH8.

3.7 ªB^sx

9 PÃU(5 h/5 ”5{5 ­59UM@ #u 9 PÃUX¨, hY¨, ”5€¨, ­59UM@ p5ƒÇ


"Uu5 "Uu85›W¨,

J{‰†l[{5 f/5 0/š{5 {F +Œ †(Ç [<5› fY¨, 0/š{,


=65r[5 =65r˨,

um‰˜ š[{ E}n565 E}n56,@5: uE‰b ºaAFHW¨,


™›.g[5 8ß5 ™›.g˨, 8ߨ,

'€}˜M5 !Å}565 "Uœ@*+?@ Q>d ¢MY> +@W¨, "~ 056,> +@W¨,


©+
V5 8+š5eF +?@,@ /5Ù +bH> +@W¨,

6F76#‡5 8NndË5
å 6F76 #‡PFW¨, 8Nnd˨, 7— b@A
å
7—F½U(5 ½U(cFW¨,

P 0b+5½F5 E[njO
up V5 uAP@b 0b6¹
¬5›W¨, E[njO ]@`
, š:
š9]¾8{5 ¾85"r¨W¨

·/5 (˜ E{{5 12Ò% f/f/5 0# © 8g,^ ;/Ë #[5{[, J EQ{FcF


EQ{F5 f/fY# 12#5œ9s

E ,+P
˜ E[n T»R2 #×o(E5 WË E[n T" WEF@ b5• ,OP¤5= "[?"9,
0W®Hl% ¤5|9Ë.

­ƒ g5 E{25, ­ƒ !"#$% P.
­= E{2,, ­= !"#$€

P.
­ƒ ”5•Ž2"#$% E†T © ”5•@2 !"#$% E†"P,.

955
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 47/52

´8uB5 '()"¨ O (? ™9@d 03 456,> +L—F 76 892b 0u2š5› 7d@A


U£‰ šSƒ#, 0F^ },#) ¤5:s, J },¥
œ"~r•F=. f# g `{ ž/@25 (¡/@ ¢
(E[n,Ž [<5› }?rU_‰ ) QA "} 6ƒ!

”5•@2 ?_&C03 456 76,FA E5r5‡5e 0g[n ?_&C


# "&"UhH5'^ œ"~r•F= ©
”5•@2 !"#$%.

03456 76,, A5KLM NOP


, QR /2/ES, T
UVWXY@ 8Z[,, QR \=]d&5e
8/&5'r•F8.

:9!;5 (5: © ;#<= 056,> +@Y - 1. (?, 2. #(?, 3. JEF, 4.


Ukl?, 5. "U 2q[, 6. 1[V 7. 12F, 8. E†‡
T

(?, 0F^ #6¹ _, (reactive mode of action, when confronted with respective emotions
and situations with either external or internal Nature).

#(?, 0F^ {Fb b »U¼½5›G# #(<5›Gb. (proactive mode of action).

#A/ (5: "= 8g,> ­8 - 1. 0¬5E 2. E{2, 3. 0¾P(, (ž56{F,


`(A5¨.) 4. rU_‰'[2, 5. 9( 6. J[¿
/, (g}‰g[‰,@ (5: En "[ ê9, ÌA5¨.)
7. +
? 8. g“ƒ 9. < q[, 10. À',

)#A/ (5: "= 8g,> ­8 - 1. {"aÆ 2. E5Ç$, 3. JšP+2, 4. ÅF, 5. ©Nn[


ºF, 6. šÅ ]5{ N¹/V, 7. £Ú(AƒÆ{ +[‰@ (5: @¿
) 8. ?ƒ (É9 8¬{ +[‰@ (5:

9]) 9. ", 10. /U{,

LGH/@ ;#<=, © Q?,@Ç œ"~r•F8 - 1. EnšP+ 2. õ,I 3. "9‰ 4. z[ 5. š5_ 6.


u9U7. ,+P8. ?ö[

Nw[EScF T
UV,b Nw[,F5: 0—HÇ Eq 7^D2E,` E?, ÌÅ {AŒ/ pA5´
;/¨ `X| W¨ 7—®56Y¨ 0db.

f_?g2,F hi (0—H) jSF, !5¨b. '+¹


‘",^ Eَ eAŒAFH j( ®Ëd
* 0+Œ¥ © T
ƒËd›FHî UV, '&5›b. f_,F5: © ÈY¨ T
UV, 0‡s¬5eFWC
!5¨b.

956
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 48/52

Comprehension Notes:
Þ+/,Ž b5• Þ S @, "U+Ù{, 0db. 05à pM, Þ S @,Ž Þ+/, #5':.
!Å_[VA, WXYŽ JpN, !FH9# W2/q&+,^ œ½~F7 #,FA JpN,Ž
(JpN, b5•) WXY "U+Ù{c !5¨b.
TUV NOPÞ+/,, f_, Þ S @,. pM, ?FA f_9“‹49“.,^ !5¨.`{ f_,Ž
(f_ D/F 9“3 4-) TUV E~59F> /&y5'r•F8.
0®~¨, ?F, #¼ë h5"r•F 76 0D2E,@Ç f_,Ž T UV E~59F !TEF `š
ÞS @ f_ 9“‹4b5• Þ+/ T UV NOP9“‹40@/ì›GF/›Øb.
ÞS @cF 0FH?( (f_) 9“‹4b5• Þp /ƒÞ+/cF (subtlest) ¢
U£‰ 9“‹4
š=]5"`aGb. ÉÅ5{ @+-,.

C8[\] ŽbH/ QÂO 0KA,^ O¹ 59O íO !5¨b. 0$4"U+“ƒ (‚<, MË, 0—H, WXY,
JpN5, ?FaÆ, G=], 0_5p[5) ‘"c 0$48g,>^ A5KL J+“ƒŽ (T, ›î 4AFH
8g,^) A5KLM NOP!5¨b.

76p@,F5: A5KLM NOP»U¼½5'r•F®~¨ z® ­Ë"U+Œt ø[] ¶,^ (in the form of an


inverted triangle) ðBH,+ =N^ 0TF WXY` ,I, Ån} rU_‰[5gU, "UÉh5e 0—H`
"Uph5›b. _“9lpN,F ?I¿ 6F‘TF !5¨b.
¶@c å

C8[\] ^_O # JN¹


ñ5e ,I2cF Q¨> ":Q>d +@Y - 1. ­´ 2. ½56# 3. aÄ?H 4.
E[Enƒ 5. WËä 6. º$ 7. _šPÓ_n 8. (Nšn# 9. 8)n9& 10. AMY 11. N5i# 12. "(šn#
13. 0@5GE 14. ^51&

Comprehension Notes:
Q• 0bF= Nw[,Ž 8ƒ+cF -+ D6, p:. [+PQ#, (blood vessel) ³´ p:.
$ b B/l 25&O qH ^~i iT/@ (properties and functions) )B2€)_ PidqH
$&vw c Yd ^_O&‚ (Y&1Hp ^~i/ ;s6 7} Gƒ8;H (n|H) „(qH ` @l
;+†8,‡uH?.
Thus, Nadi is a connection center between the physical body and the underlying subtle
Cosmic Prana Energy that holds the functioning of the physical body and mind. Nadi
centers are not an imaginary fabrication of (someone’s) mind. The subtle Prana Energy
is expressing itself as gross physical body and mind. This relationship has been
visualized as Nadi system by so many ascetics and practitioners of Yoga from ancient
times. Their experiences and obeservations were congregated into Yoga Theory, which
has had been validated from time to time, again and again scientifically by the serious
practioners of Yoga.
rU_‰,F5f 8Nn, rU_‰,FA 0FF2,^ (by not being different) "U+Ù{cXFH=. J
NOP{{P¶ © ?F 8ƒ+ Nw[,F5: ³´ "U+Ù{c !FH=. fq{‰ (0F^ f_ Îb
0b) D/F 9“.,^ +L—F ÈY¨ (†FY¨) |H ˆx& ^~i/HC L4iqH ^_O
||O‰/p !^M/Š Lc;H (compare and tally) noI) `a (connection center)
F2HŠ 'cGH nf1 ­+ŒK QR /2/ES^ œ"~r•F=. {Ån} ÈY¨ {F
8Nn‘"{n,b 1[V `(/›Øb.

957
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 49/52

o‘’J `u 8Nn1&K 0#, Ÿ+ †[Ý ?# ”*N5'r•F=. © aĆH Q• d9,


(?@8E[¿ F `X Nw[j SF,) +Œ ðF+ D6,F ðBH,+b JN¹
ñ5e íF (h[aÆ) /[A
rU_‰[5gU,F 8O6( (8×$,^ )L(r¨F=) ‘",F 0/2+P ,^ Þ+/,^ x$y8P
(8Äy En‘"c) !FH=.

aĆH Q• ;K? D6,F “” `u !5¨b, A• x®F •89– `u !5¨b. ­´ Q•


«¨ '&5›b, ½56# Q• (5: ÞË2¨ '&5›b.
(5: '5:

· 8g,^ µÃ 0Nn{S(}8 œî4) JAF5: Q#,> W2½5eFî *^ Nw[,F5: ³´ (0F^


Nw[ g[‰,> #[n&P
5›) 0ÎpÎ+ Q¨> (09“N2,^) W2"Pc !FH8.

0#H Q¨@(5: E5'&5› WXY #[n&P 5› g[‰,@b rÙ4© "= [+,@^ WXY>
œ"~r•F8 - 1. TUV, 2. 0TF, 3. E†F, 4. !ÅF, 5. W2F, 6. Q6, 7. ³[‰,
8. +“+[, 9. f/9{P, 10. gF5(,

UV
+¨®Ž !FH @,, 0FH, ?¸X [j(F,@b ¢^ eLO +¨® ?g2Ž !FH T
WXY WÙ# ÉË`Xb

ßÓ5eF 0FH, +Œ [E‘",b Nw[,F5: 0—HÇ Eq W2½5"`Xà, >WX ˆ5¨


É@ QR †[Ý
,@5: '&5›à E†F WXY 0—HÇ ³• 056,> !T56,@Ç !FH
+Vr[,b W2½5"`Xb.

SF,>, WX j
QR j SF,> ?¸X E5Z[,>, WÙ +[‰> ¢d^ )>aG# QR \=]
`aGF/(b.

`a j?k_ œiM (Y#|J/ (Preparation)


(?,, #(?, '+Œ^ 0D2E, `X›FH ®ËĨ, E[nE56 (8$(,@ ".*
JEAP>, WEF>) "& 26, `šFW¨, (rU_‰) 892b 0g2(F5 `šFW¨, E{2,
g[‰,@5: #XAPCX5¨W¨, ç¹ g,b ñ5eFW¨, dËYb ¾85›.Ž
! Æ_/5€¨, {L*{5¨ «@A 8,X¨, b !FH JN¹ ?, ·3à (rU_‰'}2N¹
?,
p#, 6“_jSN¹?, p#, WF"Uj SN¹?, p#, EQ2jN¹
?, p#) 0+ŒK œ"~r•F
EÅZ[,F5: 89n€ P +L—FW&` hO €CFW¨ 0ñ !5K/(b.
0î/5ÙW¨ È/F 81F,FA p/@šF „@,>, :5">, MË E?“=]^ !FH
{–/F,FA `&, rU_‰892A E5r5‡5eF É9 `$ +L—F [?2cF "UfN,F5:
?5e )Â{cF ?S,b ·}~î `aG#, 0+ŒK ÉÅ5{ N¹ /V,b `Xà 76,b
¢d^ J[5Â5'/(b.

`a j?k_ ŽH
8Ån5aCFW¨ a÷EF,F, +5S, h[aÆ E?,^ !5e, Qš+, e/[ 9“‹4¯Ù4,
‚« ?g2,F '59Uæ5r,b à›à, Î{U,@Ç 0?“{, U6/(b.
"BH5¨ †{U@ p@,Tî ­´ Q• (5: WXYb º&5e, !9[,Ž !FH
ån@@Ç ³•XFH ¼„ ([-p[) æ5:X+P
5 (0F^, [5 Nrë
,Ç) 0—H?5K@,b
12#5'/(b.
º[+,, A5u+,, ¼'+, (¼'F,) ¢d^ 0D2E, `(/(b. 0F^, ;K? Qš+

958
!"#$% !&'()(* (+*,- 6 - .*/) 012) 3*45' !"#$% 50/52

[5gU, b5• ^L *LØ, G5œ, ¾® J WXYb ES5Â5"`š, A• Qš+ [5gU, Ån}


8¨//(b. 0î@Î, A• Qš+ [5gU, b5• ^L *LØ, G5œ, ¾® J WXYb
ES5Â5"`š, ;K? Qš+ [5gU, Ån} 8¨//(b.
ƒUE5g2@5: ?¸X WÙ ?g2Ž, 0F^ =F,FA JË jË *, œ½~F 8g,^ (¢ U£‰
D/Q E¬{,^ º[+ A5u+ ¼'F,>) 0Î+ (a†Ë 28) †E,> J'&5eF
QR \=]Ëdb.
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()#*“ (”H2Q2. (6 _.-%3) - žŸ$ )¨©$ (Index)

1 ?@ABCD Volume-4 36 geA Volume-1 e qJh Volume-1


73 ".s> p
2 ?@ABCA Volume-4 37 ge7 Fv# Volume-6 74 U.˜$H Volume-4
3 ?EB8 FA$ Volume-1 38 geC= p
e qJh Volume-1 75 %&'$ Volume-1
4 ?GHIJ Volume-1 39 +€:I Volume-1 76 %E‘> Volume-1
5 ?2KLAM(LAM
) Volume-4 40 ‚ƒO.P Volume-2 77 %.s$ Volume-4
6 ?"NI 6E Volume-2 41 „I'€8 Volume-2 e 8[ Volume-4
78 ™F
7 ?"NI O.P Volume-2 ' ‚e8 Volume-4
42 EF 79 ™‚e8 Volume-4
8 ?QRI Volume-2 43 EA 2 Volume-3 80 :<Q>šT Volume-1
9 ?QH$' Volume-3 44 E&S
†‡ˆ' Volume-2 81 ›!k.sV Volume-2
10 ?$S
T Volume-2 45 ‰Š Volume-4 82 ›!œ"[ Volume-4
11 ?$S
TUV$ Volume-1 46 GH2O.P Volume-2 83 ›!IIB Volume-2
12 WIJ Volume-4 47 6EO.P Volume-1 84 ›!CD Volume-3
13 WIJ XY Volume-1 e‹$ Volume-6
48 6AE )ˆ^ 85 7" Fv# (LAB, (I'A)
14 WZ[$ Volume-3 49 678h Volume-2 Volume-6
15 \]^_H Volume-1 50 67898 :;<& => 86 7" Aq_H Volume-6

16 `a$S
A Volume-2 Volume-2 (Extra Upanishad) 87 ZEe qNE8 Volume-3

17 bIc8 Volume-1 51 #7>.0 Volume-1 e$S


88 Z” yp> Volume-4

18 $d Volume-2 52 #7Bh Volume-1 89 Q7q Volume-3

19 $d ZEe ($d fNg) Volume-2 53 2NŒ.q Fv# Volume-6 90 Q‹ežŸ$ Volume-4

20 $V _.IAh Volume-2 54 )A0eqJ Volume-4 91 ^ ‰Q Volume-3

21 aijK ZEe Volume-2 55 )A"q._ Volume-1 92 fA• Volume-5

22 k.1$ Volume-3 e‹$ Volume-5


56 )A"q._ )ˆ^ 93 ]¡H8# Volume-1

23 $N*MVolume-4 57 )efK Volume-4 94 ]€A$ Volume-3

24 l2 Volume-3 58 u)I 0eqJ Volume-5 95 ].1>H Volume-6

25 mQ>H Volume-2 e †jKŽIe Volume-2


59 u 96 $Aq_H Volume-3
e qJh Volume-1
26 noI& p 60 ‘> Volume-1 97 ¢BFfBIA Volume-3

27 !h)g Volume-4 61 )./ 0eqJ Volume-2 98 _6H_ Volume-4

28 !Ar Volume-2 62 0qB’/ Volume-1 99 _A_B Aq_H Volume-3

29 !Zs Volume-4 63 0eqJ Volume-2 100 _AB{A Volume-3

30 tu> Fv# (LAB, (I'A) 64 0eqJŠEH Volume-2 101 _š.E Volume-3


Volume-4 65 0Nq“ yp> Volume-6 102 {Šge Volume-4
31 w.x!H Volume-6 66 0Nq”AhH$ Volume-5 103 £I Volume-5
32 yp> Volume-1 67 •_J yp> Volume-6 104 p> Volume-1
33 yp> v)ziE Volume-3 68 –Q2 Volume-5 105 žAH Volume-5
34 FA{A Volume-1 S
69 —k $ Volume-1 106 ¤–!H >&S
¥ Volume-1
35 geu|B}g "~678h 70 "q Volume-3 107 q8¦§Q Volume-5
Volume-6 71 "~^$H Volume-5 108 q._ Volume-1
72 ".ge$ Volume-1 S
109 k ˆ$ Volume-3

!"#$: %&'$ ()#*+


' , (-.&./012 108 ()#*+
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964

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