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Esophageal/ Gastric Vari ices: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Sibnesomiccs Chass Won DuheDSASL Medd Chd—Prialon tte Linlon Silene ven | * | ‘rere Toromboun Fronted ee ! sememcwct "Trey, ocean” Mironicm Mrcertt mmmrmcmany Sete oat ee ee eld | RT orm sconce eel = ‘eine pera ee rcntntae seta ena oot ei | smug ede J amteen, ste poeta Presa Teesinee twas Timber wnueh Pe rh mol er + ‘Drouen theurnbepate Peralta cues goralweinecdrdby wlenewineccced srk, palin eecucartl —Sesnetaced Bytom renner bron Gieteseiense “Awa byron = ‘vaso atin | A resivtance Sy soeagh torent ranger ea ipatic ot etapa ronal ape nosed sintaned ‘hveiemlon “trenton ‘eertrion naa Oe Portal btaod flow backed wp into a svete Somomeageianetns fatraches +—— a moun Me Mlecakueal” *— Esophageal/Gastrlc Varlces 4 Roe ierstrom drevien <—> Qnamia “connective timer < “aia | ‘otnton tion pean — Mace ‘mueitbe ston: aides «- Teeitidess + Vokeuupice + uopecibicca (—» Mhodoaeurdand vomted <<" sates acl iaton pone * alee ground emes wee a rnb etn | ea Chek \ codon inna ibe eidind MSHI ‘ecinsoran” alee snendeeent betrsomexorcyrerar ea bao ae ety solinenf patton fem fahathaloe) Now Sanwatoitadia” Govaluatar | AAhed neh 017or ewe cau om anne @ Dipindai dengan CamScanner IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Sch6nlein purpura) : Pathogenesis and clinical findings Immunogenetic and cellular predisposition Various genetic polymorphisms alter cell ‘mediated immune response gh levels elevated in 50% of people Drugs 1, antibotes (peniin, erythromycin), NSAIDs an biologics {tumor necrsi factor a inhibi) Infectious Agents 50% have preceding upper respiratory tract infection, i, Infltenza virus or Group A Strep “4 Ceulatingeaactse- deficient At (GO-gAt). Deficiency ngalactosyation of WA > 4 eA serum clearance > adhesion of 1A complexes, whieh then deposit int the endothelial ining of blood vessels attraction of various inflammatory cells othe ate: L Secretion of interleukin 8 (8) = ytokne that induces neutrophilic chemotaxis and macrophage phgocytosis Neutrophisinftrate Formation of the tissue site Immune complexes actors (3, C4) ‘Aatvation of complement” ae Makoeger Nels Coste Reviewer: ysl “an i" Men atnson™ "tbat ume q Leukocytolati vascults(histopatholagc term for small vessels famed by neutrophilic autoimmune response] Inflamed gastric vases - Glomerular mesangial * mast call depastion ln Infamed ctaneaus vesselsbacoehancrthge and eda wishin proeration andinfiarsmaton iene scion ca towel al + 1 J | Glomerulosclerosis, tubulin and sins 0.529 symmetric Ceres doce damage Arte (common, palpable purpura paca aa) ons (eee nees (rope non (commen nthe Sia aa seseatee ie pent gen, | distributed on nawseg vont, ar lover ibs and | Sympathetic sensitivity in pcre uth often tenecisaress nervous renatubules( Nan tanen. Me 1 ‘Gastrointestinal aa ee secretion Sey Gl bleeding (hematemesis, - etre elena), ssucenton vsseLuaselis ena i oo HTN nephtcnesriesndrome rea irstiency legend: Patheohysiotony ‘Mechanism Sign/Symotom/Lab Finding Complications | Published September 2, 2019 on www.thecalzaryeuide.com (<2) D8 Dipindai dengan CamScanner i — Peptic Ulcer Hi. pylori NSAID use schemia pepe 5 tren taste tat ‘one ‘easel odo retorts sevens . | platelet agents) t eee Sean Spence, Pathogenesis lo ‘ ie ‘due to 9¢ fra are F teh hase i eet vison, and clinical qe coxsitiveon Tonkivto—_sering mor) ee i, + coeeniein) mae findings Ea crtsed ‘ce ss smoot finding ; ——s (nie i) “aad E_Inhibiion of + ’ Crohn's disease £ "ceecionin aie 2 gastricantrum production, J Cancer a . astric mucous {eadenocorinome, EB troversecretion production ‘6 Iymphome) 4 Gastropotectve Factor: 2 mucosal injurous Substances: + mucus arer tween ces na + Ac stn sie eh > pret 5 flac tow: emoves te, supports co cls tsdsereton npc * Epithelial cells: physical barrier, HCO3- butter Ny 7 * Toxins: rugs (or instance, NSAIDS ively 5 Momaganine UHeawcctn, Sco” rosin” tnt gst pelt rigs that producton Sr” reduce tele acheson/ptg troionpocends J MSO ite Blood vere aa coe ateeanginioomach tteedrg Ho esophagus inareton a 518) thotpasefreuh Sed grtenedby ee aes tt acomerondzedHelbvtmovesbock mo Hematmei Danie, sea *COLR iors not ye eaprton capone (vont lcs) ian ain aan J 4 + Inelderly patients and tasona cote stount ters on a z fcr eroon canbe eae silent {asymptomatic legend: Pathophysclony ‘Mechanism Sign/Symetom/lab Finding Comolcatins | Re-Published Seotember 22.2019 an theralrarvmuie cam Dipindai dengan CamScanner Lower GI Bleeds: Risk factors Venousbiood ood moves tophgnlvces presences apy ug the aa Tlrgevcninthe , "weload ‘Gera(iinnam a Skigiies * aehvendhe * oppecttietdee | (Gmiaiads amarediver paren [Ser trbiesng)‘veselupuet — canpreductower | teeghtred Nssue restricts 4 sressure in the ee Gi bleed symptoms) blood j codtow ein ee trouver gomthecresc \, tecalvarcns ai) | — Toinetvey | ¥ (egeveieinghe SA serene he ate | ea Neseinpuresonitees, | ye cane Uris aoa sisini ‘peo ve ‘ievsoiewen ——* (Steerer vevottonl + sera thst od ra seen Come rth oom ae bee Bleeding of Petechize "* MD et intial time af ding fcr tae seweses (0) 5 “Sogetal + fled ae normally produced the shsesrenene oe eT inertia ten) sadpltetcets 4 neror Bod cette cong venscneBaptaen taphag itera order sy ofthe cepa A Bowe onstrate Stic toni Metenmar/oug “> prstgandn —————*_prtection aoe nano) ie ‘ese me ie peorowess| sy Prvsiingdeageto tie LA tor Vee Towervacopsncin [lower bed agra ee ides shecaonwalland das femiyhitoy —Rikior _Oewopment 7 Sone biont wie Flaca + Caecal + fete vase Tanna once ‘areereanar \\ newex able ood vse develop whi he tumor tower Gl leeds aera ‘uminal ita leeds that ocur ampere deal tothe lament of Tete ‘travtton between ducdenum ad) Tanai a et nis enonn sos ES © Dipindai dengan CamScanner Acute Lower GI Bleeds: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings a) Sl oes ene eee pee ‘ ea a Pe mos pee ds homeemcerc “drertcls ‘octane ‘toa portion so ee fee (exe : Sy = == = as ioe | the dommes cat damage ee mune recurrent tne cela sedesteath + medutedtot mmr pete Gece) cae NU mao ery ease) tees cco pesees —— el ‘| ii =e aot r ae Acute tower G1 Bleed Se niae = ates Sai e =e ee Se, Co See eee ee ess Se gulp (edo) ace ea ee) SEES SSE imeem (ea) (ee) (ee) (eee) aes a ass foes) (cece) (eta) Se me rect) peter | | ae ce ten nee Ce CEE otha, «Sees ells) = ‘ow thood oxide hemoglobin, —~ oume), inthe blood es parma ‘ : tate ‘etmeneaer mm =a =. ie os =| eg pasion os a Ea a ao al a Baa © Dipindai dengan CamScanner Colorectal Carcinoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings growth Mechanical bowel Obstipation| Classification of tumours/sbrormal growths: a) f See Backed up contents. 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Carcinoma ~ cancer arising from the eithelial tissue ofthe skin or the lining of internal organs 3, Sarcoma ~ cancer arising from connective tissue mH pe pa Te me € Bowel Disease “MONE radiation (Compressing stomach—» J appetite Uncontrtied MMT Colorectal ‘Abdominal dlstension/paln Gatos, celldvion 02 Carcinoma. mutations "inthe colon "cancerous _(Develons 100d vessels ——— Local bleeding aed recum verti) oles) rea ouside Abdominal, Bowel peroration * contents “> Idiopathic Hereditary Obesity. bowel serosa = ‘leak Abscess syndromes Soweto bowel/icat ‘organ istlation Hostimmune cls Metabolic release ctoknes * sbnormaltes,* Wight loss Taeae metstaric (7 tocombarcancer Tenerayuse amor Sonead spread dtaly Dace ‘authors Mechantane Tumors develop inter, uns, Kary el hematogenous train pertoncum and ym nodes — 2. Lymphatic Ich eld Soon Vests Hematechea a Acute Torys A Transpertoneal friable vests 7 pure (oatsge offeshloodin too) ™ blocsloes Ein Cheng? ed ie Occultbleeding& Slow, chronic blood loss _, tron defilency nab ott of pubeain elena (oack:too’) * depletes toes otiron anemia legend: Pathonvsiclory Mechanism Sien/Symotomv/Lab indinz Complications | Published August 25,2019 on wwww.thecalgarguldecom — (OOD Dipindal dengan CamScanner Esophageal/Gastric Varices: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Schistoromiast _—Cinhons-—Veno-OucsveDinate Buddhas) —PortalVin niet Lesion Soleieven + Symérome ——Thromboris Thrombork er dese | | | scicasmaspeces MomEnne Enda Wrsregssble Hypeccngble i cterthetedy —yculscmuing —inthesinncids, est cause—sotesteause | "marvorvecondery —ainammation tivougsthestineng —MPRefvais ads OdeTINE — wemasrzot omboswat —«“MEMETENCVIO@IeS Ns trombat creusteoiver + E bepatzvene portlet ‘hese vin epeesnisae ‘prestoee wou roses ‘odetartes Emstteen, “ns nsesuame —_tritarce_‘Prestnetiugh ete tough ees troweh Serra por ‘ ‘hrouph _throughhepatic portalveinorcuded portalvelnocdudedby _splnicvenoduded iamiescuing——t porainow ocudeddtal-—einsaccded by tvombus marae tyiweber Tearent — tetoxgurdne “ews yvonne ¥ Ge. | resistance SS cneueh bresed Intra Hepatiortl vost Hepatic ort PretepatePotl enous singe of sd amed tperrton tpeersion ypererion soon ecu to “ine —— SS se anstomores Portal blood flaw bcked up into ae shiprcoeie SephgeVieceasomens a satessucha = Bronbophita, Asya prsare Sombie aerate 4 Esophageal/Gastric Varices 4 teodtsromcratwion <> Ail Comecthatsne disease ‘Dilation of veins a vec Mote thors: poly SS es Verealeptre Spear Blooded sn vomited inci, AEERRER St wol:onen > vereelroptre, * Upper ible ‘orpesed trough I ‘Simo into “Fvesltenson ces ground mele ‘Staton 2 Rraoyerécharéon Waa ark or Cc Rado Bloods too pita be ones Hamatamast sereorman™ ‘avliedonendoxony afore emesor psa of pricey ‘ht red blood erratum @ Dipindai dengan CamScanner

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