PRARANCANGAN PABRIK KIMIA

METHYL CHLORIDA DARI METHANOL DAN HYDROGEN CHLORIDA

KAPASITAS PRODUK 50.000 TON/TAHUN

A. Diagram Alir

B. Neraca massa
Kapasitas produksi = 50.000 ton/tahun
Operasi selama 1 tahun = 365 hari
ton 1000 kg 1 tahun 1 hari
Kapasitas produksi = 50.000 × × × = 5707,76256
tahun ton 365 hari 24 jam
kg/jam
Basis perhitungan = 1 jam
Konversi CH3OH = 85%
Reaksi =
CH 3 OH + HCL →CH 3Cl + H 2O
1. Penentuan juamlah umpan
 CH3Cl
Massa rate output = 5707,76256 Kg/jam

masa rate output

Mol bereaksi =
BM CH 3 Cl

kg
5707,76256
jam
=
kg
50,488
kgmol
= 113,05186 kgmol CH3Cl/ jam
Mol produk = mol input + mol bereaksi
= 0 + 113,05186 kgmol CH3Cl/jam
= 113,05186 kgmol CH3Cl/jam
 H2O
 koef H 2 O
Mol bereaksi = × mol bereaksiCH 3 Cl
Koef CH 3 Cl
1 mol H 2 O
= × 113,05186 kgmol CH3Cl/jam
1mol CH 3 Cl
= 113,05186 kgmol H2O/jam

Mol produk =mol input+mol bereaksi

= 0+113,05186 kgmol H2O/jam
= 113,05186 kgmol H2O/jam

Massa rate output = BM H2O X mol bereaksi

kg
= 18,015 x 113,05186 kgmol H2O/jam
kgmol
= 2036,62926 kg H2O/jam
 CH3OH
koef CH 3 OH
Mol bereaksi = ×mol bereaksi CH3CL
koef CH 3 CL
1mol CH 3 OH
= × 113,05186 kgmol CH 3 CL/ jam
1 mol CH 3 CL
= 113,05186 kgmol CH3OH/jam
Menghitung kebutuhan ch3oh yang masu
mol CH 3 OH yang bereaksi
Konversi = ×100 %
mol CH 3 OH yang masuk dalam proses
100 kgmol CH 3 CL
Mol input = ×113,05186
85 jam
= 133,002188 kgmol CH3CL/jam

Mol sisa CH3OH= mol input-mol bereaksi

= 133,00219 kgmol CH3CL/jam-113,05186 kgmol CH3CL/jam
=19,95033 kgmolCH3CL/jam

Massa rate input= BM CH3OH X mol input

kg
= 32,042 x 133,002186 kgmol CH3OH/jam
kgmol
= 4216,656044 kg CH3OH/jam

Massa rate bereaksi = BM CH3OH X mol bereaksi

kg
= 32,042 ×113,05186 kgmol CH3OH/jam
kgmol
` = 3622,4077 kg CH3OH/jam

Massa rate output = massa rate input-massa rate bereaksi

= 4216,656044 kg CH3OH/jam- 3622,4077 kg CH3OH/jam
= 594,248344 kg CH3OH/jam
  HCL
koef HCL
Mol teoritis = ×mol input CH3CL/jam
koef CH 3 OH
1 mol HCL
= × 133,002188 kgmol CH 3CL/ jam
1mol CH 3 OH
= 133,002188 kgmol HCL/jam

Mol bereaksi=85%×133,002188 kgmol HCL/jam

= 113,05186 kgmol HCL/jam

mol input−mol teoritis

% Excess = ×100 %
mol teoritis
mol input−133,002188 kgmol HCL/ jam
20% = ×100 %
133,002188 kgmol HCL/ jam
Mol input = 26,60044+133,002188 kgmol HCL/jam
= 159,602628 kgmol HCL/jam

Mol sisa = mol input – mol bereaksi

= 159,602628 kgmol HCL/jam – 113,05186 kgmol HCL/jam
= 46,550768 kgmol HCL/jam

Massa rate input = BM HCL X mol input

kg
= 36,461 x 159,602628 kgmol HCL/jam
kgmol
= 5819,2714195 kg HCL/jam

Massa rate bereaksi = BM HCL X mol bereaksi

kg
= 36,461 ×113,05186 kgmol HCL/ jam
kgmol
= 4121,9838675 kg HCL/jam

Massa rate output = massa rate input- massa rate bereaksi

= 5819,2714195 kg HCL/jam- 4121,9838675 kg HCL/jam
= 1697,287552 kg HCL/jam

 Neraca massa total

input output
komponen Massa Mole massa mole rate
rate(kg/jam) rate(kgmol/jam) rate(kg/jam) (kgmol/jam)
CH3OH 4216,656044 133,002188 594,248344 19,95033
HCL 5819,27142 159,602628 1697,287552 46,550768
CH3CL 0 0 5707,76256 113,05186
H2O 0 0 2036,62926 113,05186
total 10035,92746 292,604816 10035,92772 292,604818

2. REAKTOR
fungsi : untuk mereaksikan CH3OH dan HCL sehingga menghasilkan produk utama
berupa CH3CL dan produk samping H2O
Input=output
F1+f2 = f3
 Steam 1
Massa rate CH3OH = 4216,656044 kg CH3OH/jam
100
Massa rate total = × 4216,656044 kg CH 3 OH / jam
97 , 99
= 4303,14935 kg /jam
Massa rate H2O= 4303,14935 kg/jam – 4216,656044 kg CH3OH/jam
= 86,493306 kg H2O/jam
 Steam 2
Massa rate HCL=5819,27142 kg HCL/jam
100 HCL
Massa rate total= ×5819,27142 kg
67 jam
= 8685,47973 kg/jam
Massa rate H2O = 8685,47973 kg/jam - 5819,27142 kg HCL/jam
= 2866,20831 kg H20/jam
 Steam 3
Keluaran reaktor CH3OH=1,41%, HCL= 8,12%, ,CH3CL=26,07%,H2O=64,38%
Neraca total=f1+f2=f3
=