Impact of Increase in Tourism in Indian Economy PDF

A Project Submitted To
University of Mumbai for Partial Completion of the

Degree of Bachelor in Commerce (MARKETING)
Under the faculty of Commerce
SUBMITTED BY
MR.SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN

CLASS ROLL NO:-105
DIVISION:-B
T.Y.B.M.S SEMESTER-VI
Under the Guidance of

PROF. SAMEENA
CHAUDHARY
M.V.M DEGREE COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

AND SCIENCE
AFFILIATED TO UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
OFF VEERA DESAI ROAD,ANDHERI(WEST)
MUMBAI-400058
A.Y.2019-2020
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MR.SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN

has worked and duly completed her project work for the Degree of Bachelor in
Commerce (Marketing) under the Faculty of Commerce and her project is entitled,
“IMPACT OF INCREASE IN TOURISM ON INDIAN ECONOMY”
under my supervision.
I further certify that the entire work has been done by the learner under my guidance
and that no part of it has been submitted previously for any Degree or Diploma of any
University.
It is her own work and facts reported by her personal findings and investigations.
Signature
PROF. SAMEENA CHAUDHARY
Date of Submission : 15th March 2020

DECLARATION
I the undersigned MR.SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN
, hereby declare that the work embodied in this project work titled “IMPACT OF
INCREASE IN TOURISM ON INDIAN ECONOMY” forms my own contribution
of the research work carried out under the guidance of PROF. SAMEENA
CHAUDHARY is a result of my own research work and has not been previously
submitted to any other University for any other Degree/Diploma to this or any other
University.
Wherever reference has been made to previous works of others, it has been clearly
indicated as such and included as such and included in the bibliography.
I, here by further declare that all information of this document has been obtained and
presented in accordance with rules and ethics conduct.
The information submitted is true and original to the best of my knowledge.
Signature
MR.SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN
Certified by,
PROF. SAMEENA CHAUDHARY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To list to who all helped me is difficult because they are so numerous and the depth is
so enormous.
I would like to acknowledge the following as being idealistic channels and fresh
dimensions in the completion of this project.
I take this opportunity to thank the University of Mumbai for giving me chance to do
this project.
I would like to thank my Principal, Dr. GOPAL KALKOTI for providing the
necessary facilities required for completion of this project.
I take this opportunity to thank our Coordinator Prof. ANITA CHAUDHARY for
her moral support and guidance.
I would also like to express my sincere gratitude towards my project guide Prof.
SAMEENA CHAUDHARY whose guidance and care made the project successful.
I would like to thank my College Library, for having provided various reference
books and magazines related to my project.
Lastly, I would like thank each and every person directly or indirectly helped me in
the completion of the project, especially my Parents and my Peers who supported
me through out of my project.
SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN

INDEX
Chapter Page
Title
No. No.
Introduction 1
1 1.1 India and Tourism 2
1.2 Tourism in Global Economy 4
1.3 Tourism in Indian Economy 6
Research Methodology
2 2.1 Type of Research 8
2.2 Objectives of Study
2.3 Limitations of Study
3 Tourism in India 9
Government Initiatives for Increase in
4 27
Tourism
5 Statistical Data related to tourism 34
6 Literature Review 40
7 Data Analysis 45
8 Conclusion and Suggestions 56
Bibliography and Webliography 58
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr No. List of Tables Page No.

1 Table No. 1 34
2 Table No. 2 35
3 Table No. 3 36
4 Table No. 4 37
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
India has been bestowed by nature with thousands of miles of pristine beaches, lush
forests, wildlife, mighty mountains, deserts, a diverse and vibrant culture and many
more attractions. Truly India offers, as it is often quoted “the world in one place”.
This gives India a major advantage and scope in the development in the tourism sector.
Tourism is an ideal sector for the development of the country not only because of the
beautiful scenarios but it also stimulates employment and investment, modifies
economic structure and makes positive contributions towards the economy. Over the
past two decades, tourism has emerged as a powerful agent of both economic and
social change. While on the social side, it promoted international understanding and
helped in national integration; on the economic side it gave an enormous increase in
foreign exchange earnings.
Tourism is one economic sector in India that has the potential to grow at a high rate
and can make sure consequential development of the infrastructure of the destinations.
It has the capacity to capitalize on the country’s success in the services sector and
provide sustainable models of growth.
It has the potential to stimulate other economic sectors through its backward and
forward linkages and cross-sectoral synergies with sectors like agriculture,
horticulture, poultry, handicrafts, transport, construction, etc. Expenditure on tourism
induces a chain of transactions requiring supply of goods and services from these
related sectors. The consumption demand, emanating from tourist expenditure, also
induces more employment and generates a multiplier effect on the economy. As a
result, additional income and employment opportunities are generated through such
linkages. Thus, the growth of the tourism sector can lead to large scale employment
generation and poverty alleviation.
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Impact of Increase in Tourism on Indian
Economy
The growth in the tourism sector emerged as a very important contribution to the
national economy and contributed quite a lot for employment generation in various
tourism related activities. Tourism creates direct, indirect and induced employment. It
produces a vast spectrum of employment form highly qualified and trained managers
of five-star hotels to room boys, sales girls, and artisans.
1.1 INDIA AND TOURISM
India is a land of many paradoxes. There are people who strive hard to earn their
bread and butter and then there are people who have all the luxuries of life. There are
cultures which are forward thinking and open to changes, and then there are cultures
which strongly hold to their roots. There are many beautiful tourist places in India
which are rugged and barren, and there are places which are blessed with lush
greenery and amazing forests. Not only the places but also the traditional Indian
cuisines attract the foreign tourists. It is said that the cuisines change every 50 kms in
India. Perhaps no other country can offer the range of cuisine that India offers.
One can find different tourist destinations from snow-clad mountains of the
Himalayas to visiting the soothing backwaters of Kerala. The Taj Mahal which is
situated in the city of Agra attracts seven million tourists every year. One can expect
goose-stepping, shouting and the excitement of the crowds at the Wagah Border
ceremony. The cities of Delhi, Agra and Jaipur are known as the Golden Triangle
because of their cultural splendour. These cities form the basis of the classic tour of
northern India, which includes the iconic Taj Mahal and Ranthambore National Park.
India has abundant hill stations spread all over the country that makes for a tranquil
and picturesque destination for tourists. Kashmir has some of the most beautiful hill
stations in India which includes Phalgam, Gulmarg, Srinagar. Also Shimla, Manali
and Dalhousie are one of the crowded hill stations.
Rishikesh the north Indian town on the Ganges often called “the yoga capital of the
world” is a very pleasing and green holy city. There are many yoga ashrams which
attracts foreign tourists to seek spiritual peace. It is also a city which provides various
adventure sports like river rafting and bungee jumping.
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The Indian handicrafts particularly, jewellery, carpets, leather goods, ivory and brass
work are the main shopping items of foreign tourists. It is estimated through survey
that nearly forty per cent of the tourist expenditure on shopping is spent on such items.
Despite the economic slowdown, medical tourism in India is the fastest growing
segment of tourism industry, according to the market research report “Booming
Medical Tourism in India”. The report adds that India offers a great potential in the
medical tourism industry. Factors such as low cost, scale and range of treatments
provided in the country add to its attractiveness as a medical tourism destination.
One of the most visited cities in India is the city of Amritsar. It has the iconic Golden
Temple which is visited by millions of tourists every year. It also has some historic
places like Jallianwala Bagh and the Wagah Border.
Heritage tourism in India has been popularised because a lot of tourists go to Delhi
which is not only the capital of India but also has many heritage sites. The most
famous heritage sites in Delhi are the Red Fort, Jama Masjid, Humayun’s tomb and
Tughlaqabad fort. The Mandawa castle in Rajasthan, built in 1775 reflects India’s rich
heritage and attracts thousands of tourists each year in Rajasthan. Mahabalipuram has
sculptural and architectural sites which are considered as the greatest in India.
India is a land of holy cities. Most of the important places of pilgrimage in India are
located along the banks of the great rivers like Ganga, Brahmputra, Godavari and
Kaveri. Bathing in these tivers is considered a Holy deed. Haridwar is at the foot of
Garhwal Himalayas where the Ganga flows quietly and is a favourite spot for ritual
bathing.Towards the southern India major temples such as the Ramalingesvara
Temple in Ramesvaram, Tamil Nadu are the sites of pilgrimage.
Early Development in Tourism
The first conscious and organized efforts to promote tourism in India were made in
1945 when a committee was set up by the Government under the Chairmanship of Sir
John Sargent, the then Educational Adviser to the Government of India (Krishna,
A.G., 1993). Thereafter, the development of tourism was taken up in a planned
manner in 1956 coinciding with the Second Five Year Plan. The approach has
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evolved from isolated planning of single unit facilities in the Second and Third Five
Year Plans. The Sixth Plan marked the beginning of a new era when tourism began to
be considered a major instrument for social integration and economic development.
But it was only after the 80’s that tourism activity gained momentum. The
Government took several significant steps. A National Policy on tourism was
announced in 1982. Later in 1988, the National Committee on Tourism formulated a
comprehensive plan for achieving a sustainable growth in tourism. In 1992, a National
Action Plan was prepared and in 1996 the National Strategy for Promotion of
Tourism was drafted. In 1997, the New Tourism Policy recognises the roles of Central
and State governments, public sector undertakings and the private sector in the
development of tourism. The need for involvement of Panchayati Raj institutions,
local bodies, non-governmental organisations and the local youth in the creation of
tourism facilities has also been recognised.
1.2 Tourism in the Global Economy
Over the decades, tourism has experienced continued growth and diversification to
become one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. Tourism has
become a thriving global industry with the power to shape developing countries in
both positive and negative ways. Tourism is the second largest growing business area
after information technology in the global economy. Many of the economies are
successful in marketing their country as destinations and generating a substantial
amount of foreign exchange from tourism sector.
In the annual analysis of the global economic impact of Travel and Tourism of 2018,
the sector is shown account for 10.4% of global GDP and 313 million jobs, or 9.9% of
total employment, in 2017. Inclusive growth and ensuring a future with quality jobs
are the concerns of governments everywhere. Travel and Tourism, which already
supports one in every ten jobs on the planet, is a dynamic engine of employment
opportunity. Over the past ten years, one in five of all jobs created across the world
has been in the sector and with the right regulatory conditions and government
support, nearly 100 million new jobs could be created over the decade ahead.
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As a revenue generating sector, it contributes significantly to the economies of many
countries. Generally, it can be said that tourism produces beneficial economic effects
for the economy. Income and job creation are the classic examples in this respect. Its
contribution to GDP, employment and area development are well documented, unlike
other segments in this branch. It is expected to experience continued development
over the coming decades as a consequence of leisure time increase.
From the point of view of its economic and social character, tourism is globally
confronted with profound transformations, as it is an essential element belonging to
contemporary society. Because tourism has a social, economic and cultural dimension,
it is closely linked to its evolution by a large part of the sectors of society’s activity,
which at the same time influences them in their evolution, defining its criteria,
characteristics, concepts and factors depending on the three dimensions. The
international receiving tourism contributes to the balancing of the balance of
payments or its surplus due to attracted foreign currency earnings.
According to the World Tourism Organisation (WTO), the year 2008 saw more than
922 million international tourist arrivals, and the tourism receipts were of the order of
US $ 944 billion. The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) for 2009 the
contribution of the Travel & Tourism economy to total employment is expected to
rise from 219,810,000 jobs in 2009, 8.4% of total employment or in 1 in every 11.8
jobs by 2019. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is expected to rise from 9.4% (US$5,
474 billion) in 2009 to 9.5% (US$10, 478 billion) by 2019. However Real GDP
growth for the Travel & Tourism economy is to be -3.5% in 2009, down from 1.0% in
2008, but to average 4.0% per annum over the coming 10 years with export earnings
from international visitors and tourism goods are to generate 10.9% of total exports
(US$1, 980 billion) in 2009, growing (in nominal terms) to US$4, 132 billion (9.8%
of the total) in 2019.
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Economy
1.3 Tourism in Indian Economy
India's rapidly growing tourism sector now plays a huge role in the nation's economy,
supporting tens of millions of jobs and generating billions of dollars each year.
Among modern travellers, India is known for its colourful culture, rich history,
beautiful landscapes and breathtaking architecture, but the country wasn't always a
popular tourist destination. As recently as 2003, India was receiving fewer than 3
million foreign tourist arrivals each year, but the numbers have changed drastically
since then. Foreign tourist arrival numbers in 2017 exceeded 10 million, and analysts
expect to see more than 15 million tourists visiting India annually by 2025.
In 2017, tourism generated about $230 billion in India, making up 9.4 percent of the
country’s gross domestic product, and the tourism and hospitality sector is among the
top 10 sectors in the Indian economy attracting foreign investments. On top of that,
tourism and hospitality supported nearly 42 million jobs in 2017. The sector is
expected to only keep expanding from here, with India projected to make the world’s
top five business travel markets by 2030 and its tourism sector predicted to generate
$400 billion per year by 2028.
India’s travel and tourism sector ranks 7th in the world in terms of its total
contribution to the country’s GDP, according to a new report of the World Travel and
Tourism Council (WTTC). According to data, the travel and tourism sector generated
Rs 14.1 trillion (USD208.9 billion) in 2016, which is world’s 7th largest in terms of
absolute size; the sum is equivalent to 9.6% of India’s GDP.
India has a large medical tourism sector which is expected to grow at an estimated
rate of 30% annually. The tourism industry earns foreign exchanges worth 21,828
crore. Previous year the growth rate of the tourism sector of Indian economy was
recorded as 17.3%. The sector provides 9.3% of the country’s total jobs. Additionally,
the sector created 40.3 million jobs in 2016, which ranks India 2nd in the world.
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Economy
India’s Travel and Tourism sector was also the fastest growing amongst the G20
countries, growing by 8.5% in 2016. A further 6.7% growth is forecast for 2017.
WTTC said India’s figures are predominantly generated by domestic travel, which
accounts for 88% of the sector’s contribution to GDP in 2016.
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Economy
CHAPTER 2
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 Type of Research:-
The study on “Impact of increase in Tourism on Indian Economy” is a descriptive

form of research. The study is based on secondary and primary data. The secondary
data is presented by various articles, books, journals, Ministry of Tourism, report of
World Travel and Tourism Council, internet, etc. The primary data is presented by
preparing a questionnaire through Google form on the topic.
2.2 Objectives of my study:-
 To have an overview of the tourism in India.

 To analyse the increase in tourism in the recent years.
 To gain knowledge about the positive and negative impacts of tourism.
 To understand the economic aspects related to tourism.
2.3 Limitations of my study:-
 I had difficulty in covering all the aspects relating to tourism, but have
included the required data.
 I did not have any other source for primary data other than google form.
 I had to work a lot in assembling the statistical data.
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Economy
CHAPTER 3
TOURISM IN INDIA
3.1 WHY DOES INDIA ATTRACTS TOURISTS?
1. Diversity of Culture
India is a country which has rich cultures that are distinct in language, dressing, and
several activities. For instance the North and the South have an extreme diverse
culture which creates a composite mixture of the Indian culture. Each place in India is
like experiencing something new to life. The tourists are enchanted by the varied
cultures in India which is a boon for India. When visiting India, it is not one country
that you are visiting, but many small countries and many different worlds in one big
world.
2. Warm and Growing Hospitality
“Atithi Devo Bhava” is a Sanskrit verse which means “the guest is equivalent to God”
became a part of the “code of conduct” for Indian Society. In India, this phrase is used
to show respect to guests. All the guests as per Indian culture are respected as a form
of God and serving them reflects equality of serving the God. This is what it means
whether the guests are from anywhere in the world or from India itself they are
respected and loved to show the form of our rich cultural heritage and belief system
keeping the economic terms aside.
3. Green Hills
A journey through the hill of India promises a deep and refreshing communion with
nature in its varying beauty. Lush river valleys surrounded by snow-capped peaks,
fruit-laiden orchards, gurgling streams and dense forests evoke enchantment and
delights of hilly regions. The misty dawn on mountains creating magnificent
landscapes extend to the entire north-eastern states, whose natural beauty has earned
the title “seven sisters”. Other hill states like Himachal Pradesh and Jammu &
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Kashmir provides a breathtaking variety of the Himalayan splendour. The Nilgiris in
the South have the picturesque Anantagiri, Udhagamandalam, Madikeri and Munnar.
Mount Abu in Rajasthan, Panchgani in Madhya Pradesh and Mahabaleshwar in
Maharashtra are other hill regions with tourist attractions.
4. Snow-Capped Mountains
The northern boundary of India has high mountain ranges. The Himalayas are home
to one of the world’s highest mountains the Everest, the K2, etc. Mountain ranges
such as Western Ghats, Himalaya, Aravalli, Eastern Ghats, Nilgiri makes a significant
contribution towards the beauty of nature in India. The magical mountains of India are
famous tourist attractions due to fresh air, religious significance, and thrilling
adventure sports opportunities. All these mountains offer a magnificently rejuvenating
respite from the exhausting heat that covers majority of India during the months of
April and May.
5. Wildlife
India is a land of wildlife providing delight for the natural lovers. Total area of India’s
protected wildness is approximately 140,000 sq. km. and constitutes 4 percent of the
century’s total land area. The country has preserved vast tracts of forests and habitats
in its nearly 100 national parks over 400 wildlife sanctuaries. India’s climatic and
geographic diversity makes it the home of over 350 mammals and 1200 bird species,
many of which are unique to the sub-continent.
6. The Backwaters
Kerala is said to have sprung from the ocean. All along the coast, these exotic
backwaters, canals, lagoons and inlets create an intricate maze that stretches for 1900
km. across the land. The serene villages in the backwaters of Kerala are living portrait
of Kerala’s rural life. The sparkling and emerald green waters acquiring the hues of
tall huge green palms attract the tourists in quest of serenity and intangible beauty.
7. Lakes
The lakes in India are beautiful, calm and serene which are spreaded far and wide.
India has some of the highest lakes of the world like the Gurudongmar Lake and the
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Pangong Lake. Dal lake is one of the most beautiful lakes in India and is the most
popular lake tourist destinations in India. One can be mesmerised by visiting the lakes
experiencing the natural beauty of the place.
8. The Deserts
The state of Rajasthan has the mystique of the desert with sand dunes closer to the
splendid cities of Jodhpur, Bikaner and Jaisalmer. The royal edifices take the tourists
to the magnificence of the bygone era. Turbaned men with proud moustaches, and
village girls in colourful attires and heavy jewellery swaying in the desert sands to
match with the enchanting rhythm and melodies, are other attractions of the deserts of
India.
9. National Parks
India is a land of most beautiful wild lands and natural parks, rich in bio-diversity and
heavily populated forests. At present, there are 450 National Parks, Wildlife
Sanctuaries and protected areas in the country. Some 3000 most beautiful natural
areas and wild lands are known for their scenic beauty. These can be used just to
encourage wildlife tourism and natural tourism in the country. At present 6.5 million
tourists are visiting India annually and most of them are wild life tourists or tourists
interested to visit natural areas.
10. Forests
From North to South, India has many beautiful forests to explore. The Manas Wildlife
Sanctuary which is in Assam is a national park, UNESCO Natural World Heritage site,
a Project Tiger reserve, an elephant reserve and a biosphere reserve. The surviving
home of the Asiatic Lions the Gir forest is a famous destination for forest lovers. The
endangered animal Rhino is present in the Khaziranga forest in the north- eastern state
of Assam. The state of Arunachal Pradesh has 61% of forested area.
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11. Pilgrimages in India
Most of the pilgrimage places in India has unparalleled natural beauty. Pilgrimage is a
preferred form of tourism for most of the Indians. India has a very strong
mythological background and is also known as the LAND OF GODS AND
GODDESS. India being the most culturally developed country and the birthplace of
many saints, poets and philosophers has marked growth in Pilgrimage Tourism since
ancient times itself. Kedarnath, Badrinath, Amarnath, the Golden Temple at Amritsar,
Dwarka, Dargahs and Masjids at Delhi and Ajmer, churches and temples at Goa are
some of the common tourists’ attractions pertaining to Pilgrimage tourism.
12. Beaches
India’s coastal states such as Gujarat, Masharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil
Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Orissa have a choice of beaches. Many
breathtaking beaches promise perfect escape to tranquility. While some of them are
for quite beaches (like Chorwad, Ahmedpur and Mandvi in Gujarat; Gopalpur in
Orissa), the beaches in Goa are popular for wind-surfing and yatching.
13. UNESCO World Heritage Sights
India has 37 UNESCO World Heritage Sights. It includes Khaziranga National

Sanctuary, the Red Fort, the Taj Mahal, the Buddhist monuments in Sanchi, the
Ajanta and Ellora caves, the Sun temple, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, etc.
3.2 TYPES OF TOURISM
Ever since the Indian government decided to boost revenues from the tourism sector,
all types of tourism in India have registered a phenomenal growth in the last decade.
India has always been known for its hospitality, uniqueness and attributes that have
been attracting foreign travellers in large numbers. The diversity that India is famous
for, ensures that there is something to do for all tourists in India, no matter what their
interests are. Each area of the country offers a different experience. The types of
tourism in India have grown and this has boosted the Indian economy.
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1. Cultural Tourism
India is known for its rich cultural heritage and an element of mysticism, which is
why tourists come to India to experience it for themselves. The various fairs and
festivals that tourists can visit in India are the Pushkar fair, Taj Mahotsav and Suraj
Kund mela.
2. Medical Tourism
Tourists from all over the world have been thronging India to avail themselves of
cost-effective but superior quality healthcare in terms of surgical procedures and
general medical attention. There are several medical institutes in the country that cater
to foreign patients and impart top-quality healthcare at a fraction of what it would
have cost in developed nations such as USA and UK, It is expected that medical
tourism in India will hold a value in billions of US dollars. The city of Chennai
attracts around 45% of medical tourists from foreign countries.
3. Pilgrimage Tourism
India holds attractions, for pilgrim tourists of diverse religions, where religion is
considered more than the act of worship, but a way of life. For the Hindus age-old
cities of worship like Prayag (that provide holy confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and
Saraswati rivers); Puri (Jagannath temple); Konark (Sun temple); Kanchipuram,
Madurai, Tiruchirappalli and Kanniyakumari (Southern Gopurams), provide peace
and reverence. In addition, there are also religious places that are carved with
craftsmanship, at Belur and Halebid. In these temples, the interior and exterior walls
are decorated with intricately-carved deities stylized motifs from nature and friezes
depicting the life in the reign of the Hoysalas. There are also worship places for the
Muslims (Delhi - Jumma Masjid), Christians (Churches in Goa and Kerala),
Buddhists (Bodhgaya, Saranath, Kushinagar), Sikhs (Golden Temple) and Jains
(Sravanabelagola), that have tourist attractions.
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4. Adventure Tourism
India offers a wide range of adventure sports for tourists. Trekking and skiing in the
Himalayas; white water rafting on the rivers such as Ganges and Beas; camel and jeep
safaris in the deserts of Rajasthan, paragliding in Himachal Pradesh, water-sports in
Goa; Scuba diving in Andaman and Lakshadweep islands are some of the options
available to adventure seeking tourists. Lakshadweep islands also offer excellent wind
surfing and snorkelling in the crystal clear waters of the lagoons. Tourists also prefer
to go for trekking to places like Ladakh, Sikkim and Himalayas.
5. Eco-Tourism
The Himalayan Range spread across five Indian states providing widest monotonic
geographical variety. Wide sweeping valleys and deep gorges give way to thick
deciduous forests and alpine meadows, undulating tea gardens and slopes, bar narrow
terraces, gently contoured hills, snow draped peaks surrounded by a fluff of clouds,
thundering rivers and deeply fissured glaciers provide excellent locations for eco-
tourism. In the southern part of India, the south and eastern Ghats, especially the
Nilgiri Ranges, have its own unique appeal to eco-tourism. Ecotourism entails the
sustainable preservation of a naturally endowed area or region. This is becoming more
and more significant for the ecological development of all regions that have tourist
value. For ecotourism in India, tourists can go to places such as Kaziranga National
Park, Gir National Park, and Kanha National Park.
6. Business Tourism
India beckons not only the leisure traveller, but the business traveller as well. With
nonstop flights from several U.S. cities, travel to India has never been easier, resulting
in a boom in business tourism. Companies increasingly choose India for business
meetings, and international organizations select cities for convention sites. The
cosmopolitan city Mumbai and India’s capital city Delhi are the main business centres.
India's centrally-located technology centre, Hyderabad, features a facility that
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targets the MICE(Meetings, Incentives , Conferences and Events) market. MICE
market travellers, as well as individual business travellers, have the opportunity to
explore diverse activities in conjunction with their business agenda. In the south,
business tourists ply the waters through jungle, visit colourful Christian churches and
watch fisherman catch fish with large nets. Both Mumbai and Chennai boast an ocean
waterfront.
7. Religious Tourism
Religions like Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism were conceived in India,
and others sought refuge in India after being persecuted in their own countries. Apart
from religions, numerous saints, philosophers, spiritual leaders and founders of
religions also sought and received sanctuary and enlightenment in India’s soil and
spirits. People across the globe travel to India to seek spirituality at India’s numerous
holy places. The holy city of Varanasi is famous among the domestic and foreign
tourists also. Ajmer Sharif which is located in Jaipur is not only popular in Muslims,
but the people of other faiths also visit in large numbers. The Sikh shrine, the Golden
Temple is open to people of all faiths. These religious and spiritual destinations in
India inspire religiously inclined people from distant locations to take on spiritual
tours and discover a new meaning of their life and physical existence.
8. Agro-Tourism
Agro Tourism is to experience the real rural life, taste the local genuine food and get
familiar with the various farming tasks. India has always been a land of agriculture.
Around 70% people are directly or indirectly involved in agriculture. India has a
wider scope in this form of tourism. Also the farmers can get a source of income
through developing agro tourism. Agro-tourism in Maharashtra has witnessed a
tremendous growth from its establishment. It has created a vast impact on the lives of
the farmers as well as rural community. In recent years a lot of agro tourism places
have been developed in states like Kerala, Goa, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
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3.3 POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF TOURISM
3.3.1 Positive Impacts:-
1. Employment Opportunities:-
Tourism benefits the people by creating job opportunities. There can be various jobs
like staff in hotels, restaurants, tour guides, etc. Food and Travel Industry also
benefits from tourism. The Travel and Tourism sector created 40.3 million jobs in
2016. This ranks India 2nd in world in terms of employment generation.
2. Income Generation:-
Tourism sector is an important source of revenue generation in the country.

According to the world Travel and Tourism report, the travel and tourism sector
generated Rs. 14.1 trillion in 2016. The sum is equivalent to 9.6% of India’s GDP.
3. Source of Foreign Exchange Earnings:-
Tourism is an important source of foreign exchange earnings in India. This has

favourable impact on the balance of payment of the country. The tourism industry in
India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to
US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate.
4. Preservation of National Heritage and Environment:-
Tourism helps preserve several places which are of historical importance by declaring
them as heritage sites. For instance, the Taj Mahal, the Qutab Minar, Ajanta and
Ellora temples, etc, would have been decayed and destroyed had it not been for the
efforts taken by Tourism Department to preserve them. Likewise, tourism also helps
in conserving the natural habitats of many endangered species.
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5. Developing Infrastructure:-
Tourism tends to encourage the development of multiple-use infrastructure that

benefits the host community, including various means of transports, health care
facilities, and sports centers, in addition to the hotels and high-end restaurants that
cater to foreign visitors. The development of infrastructure has in turn induced the
development of other directly productive activities.
6. Promoting Peace and Stability:-
Honey and Gilpin (2009) suggests that the tourism industry can also help promote
peace and stability in developing country like India by providing jobs, generating
income, diversifying the economy, protecting the environment, and promoting cross-
cultural awareness. However, key challenges like adoption of regulatory frameworks,
mechanisms to reduce crime and corruption, etc, must be addressed if peace-
enhancing benefits from this industry are to be realized.
3.3.2 Negative Impacts:-
1. Undesirable Social and Cultural Change:-
Tourism sometimes led to the destruction of the social fabric of a community. The
more tourists coming into a place, the more the perceived risk of that place losing its
identity. A good example is Goa. From the late 60's to the early 80's when the Hippy
culture was at its height, Goa was a haven for such hippies. Here they came in
thousands and changed the whole culture of the state leading to a rise in the use of
drugs, prostitution and human trafficking. This had a ripple effect on the country.
2. Increase Tension and Hostility:-
Tourism can increase tension, hostility, and suspicion between the tourists and the
local communities when there is no respect and understanding for each other’s culture
and way of life. This may further lead to violence and other crimes committed against
the tourists.
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3. Creating a Sense of Antipathy:-
Tourism brought little benefit to the local community. In mostall-inclusive package

tours more than 80% of travelers’ fees go to the airlines, hotels and other international
companies, not to local businessmen and workers. Moreover, large hotel chain
restaurants often import food to satisfy foreign visitors and rarely employ local staff
for senior management positions, preventing local farmers and workers from reaping
the benefit of their presence. This has often created a sense of antipathy towards the
tourists and the government.
4. Adverse Effects on Environment and Ecology:-
One of the most important adverse effects of tourism on the environment is increased
pressure on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem in each tourist locality. Increased
transport and construction activities led to large scale deforestation and destabilisation
of natural landforms, while increased tourist flow led to increase in solid waste
dumping as well as depletion of water and fuel resources. Flow of tourists to
ecologically sensitive areas resulted in destruction of rare and endangered species due
to trampling, killing, disturbance of breeding habitats. Noise pollution from vehicles
and public address systems, water pollution, vehicular emissions, untreated sewage,
etc. also have direct effects on bio-diversity, ambient environment and general profile
of tourist spots.
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3.4 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS THROUGH TOURISM
Tourism is not exclusively an economic phenomenon, it also involves social, cultural,

political and environmental aspects. It is therefore, important to realize that any
assessment of tourism impacts should not only be concerned with the tangible
economic effects such as revenue and foreign exchange earnings, but also with non-
economic and intangible effects, such as social and cultural ones.
Social and cultural impacts of tourism are the ways in which tourism is contributing to
changes in value systems, individual behaviour, family relationships, collective life
styles, moral conduct, creative expressions, traditional ceremonies and community
organization. In other words they are the effects on the people of host communities of
their direct and indirect associations with tourists.
Tourism can create civic pride by encouraging cultivation and sharing of local
customs, food, traditions and festivals. Personal exchanges between hosts and guests
goes a long way towards fostering better cultural understanding. Tour operators are
focusing on the experiential travel trend, providing more authentic and immersive
experiences for their guests. Open spaces and national parks in countries around the
world are good for replenishing both body and soul, but traffic jams are not a good
look.
Tourism helps to create more awareness and understanding about foreigners’ culture
as well as the host country’s culture. The basic positive social impacts of the tourism
industry include the increased education and the increased cultural acceptance of the
people. The interaction and awareness helps the people to respect the local traditions
and there is a kind of rival of lost traditions in the course of modern evolution of time.
The faith and community attachment also increases as people are getting closer by the
sharing of respect and faith by giving services to the guest. The connectivity due to
travel has fostered the global human respect and helped in the conservation of art and
cultures. The tourist is getting interested in the shopping goods and the people are
buying the souvenirs.
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Social Impacts of Tourism
 Encourage interest in shopping of souvenirs.

 Revival of lost traditions.
 Fostering of faith in the lost traditions increased education.
 Encourages global humandignity.
 Faith and Communityattachment.
 Connectivity and Respect for guest.
 Increased cultural acceptance.
 Encourages conservation of art and culture.
 Increases interaction and awareness.
Tourism provides monetary incentives for the development of many local crafts and
culture, thus it has an effect on the income of the local artisans and artists. Tourism
also helps to preserve, retain and enrich our cultural heritages. Besides, tourism will
open new places for multi-socio cultural activities. Through tourism, culture,
subculture and micro cultures reached far off lands via photographs and videos. They
will attract and enhance the inflow of tourists.
Charmed by Indian dance and other art forms, many foreigners stayed here to
learn Kathakali (Kathakali is a stylized classical Indian dance-drama noted for the
attractive make-up of characters, elaborate costumes, detailed gestures and well-
defined body movements presented in tune with the anchor playback music and
complementary percussion. It originated in the country's present day state of Kerala
during the 17th century and has developed over the years with improved looks,
refined gestures and added themes besides more ornate singing and precise drumming.
The themes of the Kathakali are religious in nature. They typically deal with the
Mahabharat, the Ramayana and the ancient scriptures known as the Puranas. This is
performed in a text which is generally Sanskritised Malayalam) at Kerala
Kalamandalam, a Deemed University in Kerala, and later these foreigners started
school in their respective home lands to teach the same to native students. Thus way
Indian culture received wide global appreciation.
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Economy
In the field of languages, most of the tourist centres are turned to be multi-lingual.
The guides, shopkeepers, and even street vendors can communicate with the tourists
in their native languages. That is also a welcoming attitude and makes our culture
more flexible and accommodative.
For all foreign tourists, any visit to India is a form of cultural tourism. There are;
however, those with more explicit interests in the monumental heritage, the religious
heritage, the natural heritage, traditional arts and crafts, music and dance and those
help in formulation its scope. Tourism industry in India is growing and it has vast
potential for generating employment and earning large amount of foreign exchange
besides giving a fillip to the country's overall economic and social development by
protecting and respecting our cultural heritage.
3.5 TOURISM MARKETING IN INDIA

First of all, tourism is a service. So production and consumption takes place at the
same time. The problems of marketing in tourism are somewhat different from the
problems of traditional product marketing.
“Marketing is a management philosophy which, in light of tourist
demand, makes it possible through research, forecasting and selection
to place tourism products on the market most in line with the
organisation’s purpose for the greatest benefit.”
(Ratandeep Singh,2000)
Today, tourism has emerged as one of the largest service industry in context of the
gross revenue earned as well as foreign exchange earnings. India is a diverse country
and have diverse destination from the areas where one can observe snowfall to the
deserts to peninsula and islands i.e. a miniature of world climate and rich cultural
heritage. Marketing in the world market operates in a highly competitive environment.
There should be more focus on the formulation of product development strategies and
marketing policy strategies, in order to aware people about the true India.
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Role of Information Technology in Tourism Industry
Information Technology has laid the foundation for the transition of business.
Technology is creating a independent platform, low-cost communication
infrastructure, which spreads to all sectors of the economy with affordable medium
for conducting business. Its principal advantage is the ability to seamlessly integrate
the entire value chain spanning customers, retailers, distributors, manufacturers,
vendors and suppliers of both product and services.
One of the biggest challenges faced by this industry is in providing correct, accurate
and localised data, while keeping in mind to maintain a cordial relationship with their
customers. The advantage of using information technology which creates database
management and marketing is that it builds customer loyalty, allows the hotels to
identify new customers, helps in revenue stream analysis and reduces long run cost
through micro marketing. One of the biggest revolutions is the rise of Internet in the
power of choice that the customer has at the click of a mouse. The customers can
compare dozens of hotels, restaurants, holiday packages, and airlines, not just on price
but on a dozen of other factors.
Travel Booking is increasingly migrating online to the internet. It is business through

online booking which decides the success or failure of the airline industry. The
Computerised Reservation System(CRS) is in use worldwide for giving information
about airline schedules, flight availability, and fare and related services. It was
originally designed and employed by airlines for flight ticket reservation, but
nowadays CRS is used to store and distribute information about tourism products
and services to the public either directly or through intermediaries.
IT has played a critical role not just in the advancement of tourism, but it has helped
in spreading the phenomenon of tourism to every part of the world and has made
travel safer. In the past few decades, especially towards the end of the previous, and
the beginning of the new millennium, IT brought in some radical changes that have
altered the scenario of travel and tourism, making travel easier, bridging the gap
between customer as well as the seller and by providing the right information at any
point in time.
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3.6 LEADING STATES IN TOURISM
Each state in India offers a different experience. India can give a miniature of world
climate in each different states. The sates in India are so diverse in culture, traditions,
food and people that it would be a surprising experience for any tourists traveller. The
states leading in tourism in are:-
1. TAMIL NADU
Tamil Nadu is most visited tourist states destination by both Indian and International
tourists. The state is most for as popular medical tourism destination in India along
with Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Chennai, Ooty, Kodaikanal and Yercaud hill stations.
Tamil Nadu is also home to beautiful beaches, tranquil cities enriched with colonial
architecture and magnificent temples. The state’s most attractive tourism spots, which
gather the maximum football by both foreign travellers and domestic ones are -
Pondicherry, Chennai, Madurai and Mahabalipuram, which are truly remarkable spots
each with its own charm and beauty. The Velankanni Church, situated in the
Nagapattinam district of Tamil Nadu attracts many tourists for its architectural work.
The Feast of the Nativity of Mary is celebrated here and is attended by millions of
devotees from around the globe. Tamil Nadu ranks second with 48,60,455 visitors.
2. MAHARASHTRA
Maharashtra is the second most state in India visited by the tourists and has a large
number of popular monuments, bollywood and colonial architecture. Aurangabd is the
tourism capital of Maharashtra and tourism hub for historical monuments and heritage
sites.
Tourist attractions in Maharashtra includes ancient Elephanta Caves, Ajanta Caves,
Ellora Caves, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Bibi Ka Maqbara at Aurangabad,
Mahalaksmi temple and numerous religious and adventure tourism destinations.
Mumbai which is the capital city of Maharashtra is a bollywood hub with attracts
tourists. The state has also famous and beautiful beaches. Some of the best beaches in
the state are Ganpatipule, Velas, Shrivardhan, Guhagar, Tarkali, Shiroda among
numerous others. The state of Maharashtra alone had 50,78,514 visitors.
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3. UTTAR PRADESH
Uttar Pradesh is the most popular state in India which has very rich culture and
religious background. The state is also home to Taj Mahal which is among the seven
wonders of the world and attracts large number of visitors every year. Besides the
historic city of Agra, Uttar Pradesh is has also several holy cities such as Mathura,
Varanasi and other culturally rich cities such as Lucknow and Khushinagar among
several others. The holy Ganga meandering through the city of Varanasi undoubtedly
amplifies the sanctity of the city. Also the Ganga Arti performed ritualistically every
morning and evening enhances the divinity. The state of Uttar Pradesh stands third
with 35,56,204 visitors.
4. KERALA
Kerala is famous for its tropical backwaters and pristine beaches in Trivandrum such
as Kovalam and Varkala. The state of Kerala is listed as one of the top 10 paradises of
the world by National Geographic. Tourism in Keral include beautiful backwaters, its
eco-tourism initiatives, Hindu temples and Wildlife Sanctuaries at Periyar and
Eravikulam. Its unique culture and traditions, coupled with its varied demography, has
made it one of the most popular tourist destinations in India. The growing at a rate of
13.31%, the tourism industry significantly contributes to the state's economy. The
state's tourism agenda promotes ecologically sustained tourism, which focuses on the
local culture, wilderness adventures, volunteering and personal growth of the local
population. Efforts are taken to minimise the adverse effects of traditional tourism on
the natural environment, and enhance the cultural integrity of local people.
5. GOA
Goa is one of the most preferred tourist destinations in India by a large number of
foreign tourists. The state is famous for its excellent beaches, Basilica of Bom Jesus
church, Goa Carnival, and other churches and convents of Goa, Hindu temples and
best floating casino in India. Recently a Wax Museum (Wax World) has also opened
in Old Goa housing a number of wax personalities of Indian history, culture and
heritage.
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6. RAJASTHAN
Rajasthan, literally meaning "Land of the Kings", is one of the most attractive tourist
destinations in Western India. The vast sand dunes of the Thar Desert attract millions
of tourists from around the globe every year. It is a kaleidoscope of brightly turbaned
men with proud moustaches and women with twinkling anklets in colourful swirling
ghagras. The landscape is dotted with island palaces shimmering on idyllic blue lakes,
temnples and fortresses situated on hilltops of the rugged and rocky Aravalli,
exquisite palaces built during the reigh of some of its former Rajput dynasties, and
well laid out gardens with pavilion and kiosks, all of which add to the splendour and
charm of this majestic land. But, it is the art of Rajasthan that makes it such a popular
tourist destination of India.
7. DELHI
Delhi is the capital city of India and is famous for many historical landmarks and
many Mughal monuments. Delhi is famous for numerous political landmarks, British
colonial architecture and Mughal monuments such as Qutub Minar, Humayun’s Tomb,
Safdarjung’s Tomb and Purana Qila. Modern monuments include Jantar Mantar, India
Gate, Rashtrapati Bhavan, Laxminarayan Temple, Lotus temple, Lal Mandir and
Akshardham Temple.
Being the capital of India, Delhi has been crowded by the most beautiful buildings of
national importance. Interestingly, most of the national buildings were made by the
British people during their reign and thus houses the sophisticated architectural work
in those buildings. As soon as you look through the India Gate, you’d be thrilled to
see the excellent looking and admirable Rashtrapati Bhawan. The other one which
must be visited is the Parliament House as India has one of the biggest democracies in
the world.
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8. UTTARAKHAND
Uttarakhand is also known as Devbhumi(Land of Gods) due to the presence of many
Hindu pilgrimage places. The state is rich in flora and fauna, natural and touristic
ambience, and houses some of the most important pilgrimage centers in the country. It
is the origination of two holy rivers named Ganga and Yamuna. The state consists
natural beauty as pure water, large mountains, snow fall and lakes. The famous places
in the state are Rishikesh, Haridwar, Dehradun and Nainital which are mostly hilly
areas. Rishikesh is famous as the Yoga Capital of the country. The famous
pilgrimage among the Hindus is the Char Dham Yatra which includes the four
places Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri and Yamnotri are situated in the state.
The state attracts large number of tourists every year.
9. PUNJAB
The state of Punjab is renowned for its cuisine, culture and history. Some of the main
cities in Punjab are Amritsar, Jalandhar, Patiala, Pathankot and Ludhiana. The is city
of Patiala is famous for its historical forts. The Golden Temple which is situated in the
city of Amirtsar is the main tourist attractions. Thousands of tourists visit the Sikh
shrine very day. The Wagah Border which is also situated in Punjab also attracts
many tourists specially for the evening retreat ceremony which is carried on every day.
10. JAMMU AND KASHMIR

Jammu and Kashmir is the northernmost state of India with is situated in the
Himalayan mountains. Some major tourist attractions in Jammu and Kashmir
are Srinagar, the Mughal Gardens, Gulmarg, Pahalgam, Patnitop, Jammu,
and Ladakh. Gulmarg is well known for its natural environment and it is counted as
one of unique tourist destinations in the India. The sacred holy shrine of Viashno Devi
is located in Jammu and thousands of tourist visit this place every year. Dal Lake in
Srinagar is famous for the houseboats also called as “shikaras”.
The district of Ladhakh is also famous among the tourists.
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CHAPTER 4
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES FOR INCREASE IN
TOURISM
The organisations involved in the development of tourism are Ministry of Tourism,

Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management, National Council for Hotel
Management and Creating technology, Indian Tourism Development Corporation Ltd,
etc.
The Ministry of Tourism is responsible for the formulation and implementation of
policies and programmes for the development of tourism within the country and for
attracting foreign tourists to India by way of developing tourism infrastructure,
publicity and promotion, dissemination of information, coordination and supervision
of activities of various segments of industry such as hotels, travel agencies, tour
operators, etc.
Development of tourism in India started in the year 1945 under the government of
John Sergeant the then educational advisor. In 1956, the second five year plan was
established. The main aim of this plan was to increase national income. This gave
importance to tourism sector. The National Committee was established in 1988 for
sustainable growth in tourism. The National Tourism Policy of 1997 recognized the
role of central ad state governments and the undertakings of public and private sector
for promotion of tourism in the prospective states and in whole of India. There was
the involvement of the local panchayats, local bodies, non-government organizations
and the local youth in the creation of awareness and promotion of tourism.
Markets are volatile. Tourism is a very sensitive

phenomenon. Tourism markets are affected by
unforeseen natural disaster, political situations,
economic changes, the exchange rate, technological
changes, fashion, etc. It is essential that we be prepared
to cope up with these changes or challenges.
(Know India, 1996)
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 Old Initiatives launched by Ministry of Tourism:-
1. National Tourism policy 2000:-

Announcement of National tourism policy 2002 by the Government of India was a
mile stone in tourism planning in India. This tourism policy 2002 was based on a
multi faced approach, which included faster or speedy implementation of tourism
project development of integrated tourism circuits, capacity building in the hospitality
sector and new marketing strategies. The main aim of National tourism policy 2002
was to position tourism as a major driver of economic growth. Government tried to
achieve this aim by promoting domestic and international inbound tourism,
developing tourist infrastructure, developing new destinations, promoting of agro
rural tourism, new tourist circuits, and public private partnership. This policy realized
that private financial resource as well as technology and managerial talents are
required for tourist infrastructure development. Therefore Government gave financial
support to conduct study tour in India, fairs or exhibitions in abroad, publicity etc.
2. Incredible India Campaign:-

Incredible India Campaign was introduced by the Government of India in 2002 to
promote India as an ultimate tourist destination on the world tourism map. Incredible
India campaign was conducted globally to attract tourists to the country. It projected
India as an attractive tourist destination by showcasing Indian culture, history,
spirituality and yoga.
3. Atithi Devo Bhavah:-

Atithi Devo Bhavah is a programme conducted by the Government of India to
complement the Incredible India Campaign. The main aim was to create awareness
about the effect of tourism and sensitize people about our country’s rich heritage,
culture, cleanliness and warm hospitality. Atithi Devo Bhavah was a seven point’s
programme of hospitality and training. Components of Atithi Devo Bhavah are:
 Samvedan sheelth or Sensitization.
 Prashikshan or Training induction.
 Preran or Motivation.
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 Pramani karan or Certification.
 Pratipusthi or Feedback.
 Samanya Bodh or General awareness.
 Swamitwa or Ownership.
4. Visit India 2009:-

The main vision of Visit India 2009 campaign was to boost the inflow of visitors and
tourists after the terror attacks in Mumbai in 2008 as well as global economic crises.
The programme was jointly announced by the Ministry of Tourism and World Travel
and Tourism Council. This scheme was valid from April to December 2009 and had
the support of the hospitality sector, tour operators, and travel and airlines companies.
The campaign ‘Visit India Year 2009’ was launched at the International Tourism
Exchange in Berlin to present the country as an attractive destination for the tourists.
5. Foreign direct Investment:-

Government of India allowed 100% Foreign Direct Investment in hotels and tourism
industry. Hotels refer to restaurants, beach resorts and other tourist complexes
providing accommodation and catering facilities to the tourists. Tourism industry
includes travel agencies, tour operating agencies, tourist transport operating agencies
and facilities for cultural, adventure and wild life experience, surface, air and water
transport facilities, leisure, entertainment, sports, health and convention etc.
6. Hunar Se Rozgar’ Programme:-

A special initiative was launched in 2009-10 for the creation of employable skills
among youth belonging to economically weaker sections of the society in the age
group of 18-25 years (upper age limit raised to 28 years in November, 2010) with the
basic objective to reduce the skill gap affecting the hospitality and tourism sector and
to ensure the spread of economic benefit of tourism to the poor. The programme
offers short duration courses of 6 to 8 weeks which are fully funded by the Ministry of
Tourism.
7. Visa on Arrival:-
Considering the importance of Visa facilities in enhancing tourist inflow, the facility
of Long Term Tourist Visas of five years duration with multiple entries, carrying a
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stipulation of 90 days for each visit, has been introduced on a pilot basis for the
nationals of the 18 selected countries. The findings of an evaluation study conducted
by this Ministry has reinforced the belief that the presence of the facility of “Visa on
Arrival”(VoA) significantly influences the tourists travel plans to any country. During
2012, a total number of 16,084 VoAs(Visa on Arrival) were issued as compared to
12,761 VoAs during the corresponding period of 2011, thereby showing a growth of
26%.
 Recent Initiatives Launched by Ministry of Tourism:-
1. Development of Tourism Infrastructure:-
Development of tourism infrastructure is being given priority to provide a better

tourism experience to the tourists. Theme based circuits are being developed under
the Swadesh Darshan Scheme spanning the entire country. A total number of 7
projects have been sanctioned during 2018-19 for a total amount of Rs.384.67 Crore.
With this, a total number of 73 projects have been sanctioned till date for an amount
of Rs.5873.99 Crore under this Scheme covering 30 States and Union Territories in
the country. Integrated development of identified pilgrimage destinations is being
undertaken under the ‘National Mission on Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual,
Heritage Augmentation Drive’ (PRASHAD) Scheme. One project has been
sanctioned during 2018-19 for a total amount of Rs.39.24 Crore. A total number of 24
projects have been sanctioned till date for an amount of Rs.727.16 Crore under this
Scheme.
2. Adopt A Heritage’ Project:-
Ministry of Tourism in close collaboration with Ministry of Culture and

Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) launched “Adopt a Heritage Project” to provide
world class tourist facilities at the various natural/cultural heritage sites, monuments
and other tourist sites.
The project plans to entrust heritage sites/monuments and other tourist sites to private
sector companies, public sector companies and individuals for the development of
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various tourist amenities. MoUs have been signed for developing tourist amenities at
the following sites:
1. Area surrounding Gangotri Temple & Trail to Gaumukh, Uttarakhand
2. Mt. Stok Kangri Trek, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir
3. Red Fort, New Delhi
4. Gandikota Fort, Andhra Pradesh
5. Surajkund, Haryana
6. Jantar Mantar, Delhi
7. Qutub Minar, Delhi
8. Ajanta Caves, Maharashtra
9. Leh Palace, Jammu & Kashmir
10. Hampi (Hazara Rama Temple), Karnataka
3. Development of Iconic Tourist Sites:-
Ministry of Tourism has identified 17 Sites in 12 Clusters for Development as Iconic

Tourist Sites. The names of the sites identified for development as Iconic Tourist Sites
are – Taj Mahal, Fathepur Sikri. Ajanta, Ellora, Humayun’s Tomb, Qutub Minar, Red
Fort, Colva Beach, Amer Fort, Somnath, Dholavira, Khajuraho, Hampi,
Mahablipuram, Kaziranga, Kumarakom and Mahabodhi Temple. Master Plans are at
the final stages of preparation.
4. Bharat Parv:-
Ministry of Tourism organized Bharat Parv at Red Fort, Delhi from 26th to
31st January 2018, as part of the Republic Day Celebrations. The prime objective of
organizing the event is to generate a patriotic mood, promote the rich cultural
diversity of the country, to ensure wider participation of the general public and to
popularize the concept of ‘Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat’, ‘Dekho Apna Desh’ and
‘Tourism for All’. The major attractions at Bharat Parv were Republic Day Tableaux,
Cultural Performances, Armed Forces Bands, Food and Craft stalls.
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5. Paryatan Parv:-
Ministry of Tourism in association with Central Ministries, State Governments/Union
Territory Administrations etc. celebrated Paryatan Parv, 2018 at National Level. The
Parv was celebrated from 16th to 27th September, 2018 during which more than 3200
activities in 32 States/UTs were organized to create awareness about the importance
of Tourism.
The objective of Paryatan Parv, 2018 was to propagate the message of ‘Dekho Apna
Desh’, with the aim to encourage Indians to visit various tourist destinations in the
country and also to spread the message of ‘Tourism for All’. State pavilions, craft
stalls, food stalls, cultural programmes, cookery demonstrations etc. were major
attractions for visitors during the Parv.
6. India Tourism Mart 2018:-

The First edition of the India Tourism Mart 2018 was organized by the Federation of
Associations in Indian Tourism and Hospitality (FAITH) with the support of the
Ministry of Tourism and State Governments/Union Territory Administrations from
16th to 18th September, 2018 at Hotel Ashok, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi. India
Tourism Mart provided a platform to different tourism stakeholders for interacting
and conducting business with foreign buyers.
7. Incredible India Website:-

Ministry of Tourism launched the new Incredible India website on 14th June 2018.
The website showcases India as a holistic destination, revolving around major
experiences, such as, spirituality, heritage, adventure, culture, yoga, wellness and
more. The website follows the trends and technologies of international standards with
an aim to project India as a “must-visit” destination. The website has many useful
features to make it more interactive and to provide a deeper engagement to the
travellers visiting the website.
8. Online Learning Management System:-
Ministry of Tourism launched an Online Learning Management System for creating

skilled manpower to work as tourist facilitators. The initiative will enable the youth
living in remotest part of the country to skill themselves and facilitate tourists on Pan
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India basis. The Online Learning Programme will also lead to creation of jobs and
providing facilitators to tourists at reasonable cost. Incredible India Tourist Facilitator
Certification currently has 3800+ enrolment across country.
9. E-Tourist Visa Facility:-
On 27th November, 2014, the visa on arrival scheme was replaced by an online
Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) scheme. It has been implemented in phases
and progressively made available to more countries. The Indian government has also
widened the scope of the visa scheme to include short duration medical treatment and
yoga courses, and casual business visits and conferences. Previously, these required
separate medical/student/business visas. The aim is to make getting an Indian visa
easier, and to bring more business people and medical tourists into the country.
As a result of the new visa policy, 56,477 tourists arrived on an e-Tourist Visa during
October 2015, compared with 2,705 tourist arrivals during October 2014 (just before
the facility was introduced), representing a 1987.9% increase. During the period from
January to October 2015, a total of 258,182 tourists arrived on an e-Tourist Visa, a
1073.8% increase on the 21,995 tourist arrivals during the same period in 2014
(before the e-Tourist Visa was available).
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CHAPTER 5
STATISTICS ABOUT TOURISM IN INDIA
 Foreign Exchange Earnings (FEEs), in Rs. Crore, from Tourism in India,
2000-2018 (till June)
Table No. 1
FEEs from Tourism in Percentage (%) change
Year
India (in Rs. Crore) over the previous year
2000 15626 20.7
2001 15083 -3.5
2002 15064 -0.1
2003 20729 37.6
2004 27944 34.8
2005 33123 18.5
2006 39025 17.8
2007 44362 13.7
2008 51294 15.6
2009 53754 4.8
2010 66172 23.1
2011 83036 25.5
2012 95607 15.1
2013 107563 12.5
2014 120367 11.9
2015 134844 12.0
2016 154146 14.3
2017 177874 15.4
2018* (Jan-June) 95713 12.2@
The table shows the foreign exchange earnings from tourism in India and the
percentage change from the year 2000 to June-2018. There is growing rate in the
foreign exchange earnings in recent years.
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Economy
 Share of Top 10 Countries of the World and India International Tourism
Receipts in 2017
Table No. 2
International Tourism Receipts Percentage (%)

Rank Country (in US $ billion) Share
1 USA 210.7 15.82
2 Spain 68.0 5.11
3 France 60.7 4.56
4 Thailand 57.5 4.32
5 Italy 44.2 3.32
6 UK 43.9 3.30
7 Australia 41.7 3.13
8 Germany 39.8 2.99
9 China 35.6 2.67
10 Japan 34.1 2.56
Total of top 10
636.2 47.76
countries
India 27.3 2.05
Others 668.5 50.19
Total 1332.0 100.00
The table shows a comparison between India and the top 10 countries in tourism in
the world by comparing the international tourism receipts and their percentage share.
USA tops the table with 210.7 US$ (in billion) with a share of 15.82%. The total
international tourist receipts of India are 27.3 US$(in billion) with a share of 2.05% in
the world market.
*Source - UNWTO Barometer June 2018 for countries other than India.
Ministry of Tourism for India
35
Economy
 Number of Domestic Tourist Visits (DTVs) to all States/UTs in India
2000 - 2017
Table No. 3
Year Domestic Tourist Visits (in million) Annual Growth (%)
2000 220.11 15.4

2001 236.47 7.4
2002 269.60 14.0
2003 309.04 14.6
2004 366.27 18.5
2005 392.04 7.0
2006 462.44 18.0
2007 526.70 13.9
2008 563.03 6.9
2009 668.80 18.8
2010 747.70 11.8
2011 864.53 15.6
2012 1045.05 20.9
2013 1142.53 9.3
2014 1282.80 12.3
2015 1431.97 11.6
2016 1615.39 12.8
2017 1652.49 2.3
The table shows the number of Domestic tourist arrivals in all the states and union
territories from the year 2000 to 2017. There has been a boost in domestic tourism for
last two years.
36
Economy
 Number of Foreign Tourist Visits to all States/UTs in India 2000 - 2017
Table No. 4
Year Foreign Tourist Visits (in million) Annual Growth (%)
2000 5.89 1.1

2001 5.44 -7.8
2002 5.16 -5.1
2003 6.71 30.1
2004 8.36 24.6
2005 9.95 19.0
2006 11.75 18.1
2007 13.27 12.9
2008 14.38 8.4
2009 14.37 -0.1
2010 17.91 24.6
2011 19.5 8.9
2012 18.26 -6.3
2013 19.95 9.2
2014 22.33 11.9
2015 23.33 4.4
2016 24.71 6.0
2017 26.89 8.8
The table shows the number of foreign tourist visits to all states and union territories
from the year 2000 to 2017. There has been a positive growth in foreign tourist
arrivals from last four years.
37
Economy
 Percentage share of top 10 States/UTs in Domestic Tourist Visits in 2017
Others,
Rajasthan, 16.4
2.8 Tamil Nadu,
Gujrat, 20.9
2.9
Madhya Uttar Pradesh,

14.2
West Bengal,
4.8
Telangana, Karnata
5.2 Andhra ka,
Pradesh, 10.9
Maharashtra,
7.2 10
The pie diagram presents the data related to domestic tourist arrivals in the states and
UTs in the year of 2017. The state of Tamil Nadu has the highest number of tourist
arrivals with the share of 20.9%. Uttar Pradesh is second with 14.2% share which is
followed by Karnataka with 10.9% share.
38
Economy
 Percentage of top 10 States/UTs in Foreign Tourist Visits in 2017.
Goa, Others,
3.1 12.4
Bihar, Maharashtra,
4 18.9
Kerala,
4.1
Punjab, Tamil Nadu,
4.1 18.1
West Bengal,
5.9
Uttar
Rajasthan Pradesh,
,6 Delhi, 10.2 13.
2
The pie diagram presents the data related to foreign tourist arrivals in the states and
UTs in the year of 2017. The state of Maharashtra has the maximum percentage share
of 18.9% in case of foreign tourist arrivals. Tamil Nadu is the second state in with the
percentage share is 18.1, followed by the state of Uttar Pradesh with 13.2% share. The
other states are Delhi, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Kerala, etc which has many beautiful
places for tourists.
39
Economy
CHAPTER 6
LITERATURE REVIEW
The co-founder of Airnb, Nathan Blecharczyk in an article says that global tourism is
growing rapidly. The UN World Tourism Organization reports that international
tourist arrivals increased by 6% in 2018, to 1.4 billion arrivals worldwide. The same
report shows that much of this growth has been driven by rising demand for travel
destinations in emerging markets, with India and China leading the way.
According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, travel to emerging economies is
expected to increase at twice the rate of travel to advanced economies from now until
2030. By then, more than one billion travelers will arrive in emerging economies
annually.
In fact, the world’s fastest-growing tourism destinations are almost entirely located in
emerging markets. Airbnb’s growth paints a similar picture - emerging markets make
up the majority of our 25 fastest-growing countries.
He had the privilege of seeing this growth firsthand. He first came to India in May
2016 to officially launch our local business. At that point, the community had
organically grown to approximately 18,000 listings throughout the country. It was
clear from his stay with a local host in Hauz Khas village that India was the perfect
country to experience the kind of unique and authentic experiences that Airbnb hosts
offer.
Since then, the community of hosts has gone from strength to strength and the number
of Airbnb listings in India has increased by more than 150%. The company have
welcomed more than 1.3 million travelers during that period, over 60% of which
occurred in just the past 12 months. And this growth isn’t just limited to foreign
travelers, but increasingly domestic guests. In the last year only, guest arrivals on
Airbnb in India increased by 78%, driven by the 410 million Indian millennials who
want a unique and local experience when exploring new parts of this amazing country
they call home.
40
Economy
Emerging markets are also growing as a source of outbound travelers from around the
world in 2015, 49% of global tourism spending came from travelers from developing
countries, up from just 25% a decade earlier. The company in India is no different,
with more than a millions Indians using Airbnb to travel in the past 12 months alone.
But as travel and tourism in India grows and globally its growing faster than the rest
of the economy it is critical that as many people as possible benefit and it is done in a
way that is local, authentic and sustainable.
Since he was last in India, they have launched a variety of partnerships that are
helping expand our community of hosts in a way that encourages a healthier, more
sustainable tourism, while offering a wider range of options to travelers who want
locally influenced and unique accommodations, from traditional homestays in rural
Gujarat, to palatial villas in Goa.
They are also helping to disperse travel to communities that don’t typically benefit. In
2016, they partnered with the Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA), which
represents 2 million women living primarily in India’s rural areas, to empower their
members to pursue new livelihoods through home sharing. Some of their SEWA hosts
now earn more in a month through hosting than their family’s typical annual income.
And they also pleased to announce their new partnership with the Digital
Empowerment Foundation of India, where they will support digital skills training for
more than 15,000 potential women host entrepreneurs across the country.
In 2017, the other co-founder Brain Chesky committed to training 50000 hospitality
entrepreneurs across India and helping to ensure the transformative benefits of travel
go to as many locals as possible. They are well on their way to achieving that goal and
they can’t wait to help their community continue to play huge part in India’s tourism
economy boom.
 Tourism alone created 14 million jobs in last 4 years, claims Alpons
The country has climbed from seventh slot in 2017 to the third rank in 2018 in the
world travel and tourism council’s power and performance index, he told in the
second meeting of the reconstituted National Tourism Advisory Council.
41
Economy
Union tourism minister KJ Alpons claimed that the tourism sector alone created
around 14 million jobs during the past four years.
Without offering more details like state-wise or annual break-ups, he said,

“employing all sections of the society, the tourism sector alone has created nearly 14
million jobs across the country in the last four years alone”.
It can be noted that BJP rode to power in the 2014 polls promising 10 million new
jobs every year but the latest official data, which was junked by the government later,
showed that unemployment rate touched a 47 year high in 2018.
Private think tank CMIE also said as many as 13 million jobs were lost in 2018 alone,
as an after effect of the note ban and hasty GST rollout, leaving lots of red faces in the
government.
Alpons expressed his hope that the country “will achieve a better growth through
tourism with the fast developing infrastructure and connectivity” as per an official
PIB release.
 India's tourism potential needs to be tapped: Economic Survey
As per industry estimates, the total market size of Indian tourism and hospitality
sector stood at $117.7 billion in 2014 and is expected to touch $418.9 billion by 2022.
NEW DELHI: India has a huge untapped tourism potential and a lot more needs to be
done to make the country a major tourist destination and earner from the sector, the
Economic Survey said today.
The survey said although India's ranking in the 'Travel and Tourism Competitiveness
Index 2017' has improved 12 places to 40th position globally among 136 countries, it
is way behind others in health and hygiene, security concerns, human resources and
tourist service infrastructure, among others.
As per industry estimates, the total market size of Indian tourism and hospitality
sector stood at USD 117.7 billion in 2014 and is expected to touch USD 418.9 billion
by 2022.
42
Economy
"Thus a goldmine of an opportunity awaits to be tapped," the first ever mid-year
economic survey released today said.
The survey further said India's share in international tourist arrivals (ITA) is a paltry
1.1 percent with a rank of 24 compared to the 7.1 per cent of France which ranks 1st
in 2015. China ranks fourth with a share of 4.8%.
Foreign exchange earnings through tourism during 2016 were USD 22.9 billion with a
growth of 8.8 per cent over 2015, the survey tabled in Parliament today said citing
data from Ministry of Tourism.
This is the first time the government has come out with the second part of the
economic survey in a financial year to assess the growth and outlook of the country.
The first part was out in January this year.
Laying out factors that make India and attractive destination, the survey said: "India
continues to charm international tourists with its vast cultural and natural resources."
Other areas which add to the tourism potential includes price competitiveness
advantage and international openness which is up by 14 places reflecting the
implementation of both visas on arrival and e-visa.
 Government junks old logo, back to “Padharo Mhare Desh”
The state government has scrapped the logo for Rajasthan tourism and the slogan
“Jaane Kya Dikh Jaaye” launched with much fanfare in 2016 by the previous BJP
government and reverted to the original Padharo Mhare Desh embossed over an
image of royal invitation.
In an office order on January 25, the state tourism department said that the old logo
will be used for all communication and publicity purposes. However, the current logo
has an additional slogan in English “Rajasthan, the incredible state of India”.
After taking over as the cabinet minister for tourism, Vishvendra Singh had said that
the department will change the logo as the message it sent was unclear and not in
keeping with the rich culture and heritage of the state.
43
Economy
In fact, the ‘Jaane Kya Dikh Jaaye’ logo was the second attempt by the previous
government for which it had engaged Piyush Pandey of Ogilvy and Mather. The BJP
government had spent about Rs 9 crore for making the logo and developing the brand
campaigning, which included making short films, social media promotion and
creating jingles.
While announcing that the department will revert to the old logo, the minister had said,
“Jaane Kya Dikh Jaaye” does not say anything. It offers nothing but ambiguity and
uncertainty. We will revive our heart-throbbing Padharo Mhare Desh slogan”.
Despite the fact that Raje government changed the logo, Rajasthan Tourism
Development Corporation never followed suit. It still retained the old monogram with
the Padharo Mhare Desh slogan on it.
Tej Singh Rathore, president of RTDC employees union said that the old logo
captures the essence of royal hospitality of the state and the union was never in
support of the new logo.
44
Economy
CHAPTER 7
DATA ANALYSIS
A survey was done on the core topic “Tourism” by a creating google form. Some
questions were asked regarding visiting places and tourism. I had received a total 74
responses through my google form. The respondents had provided the answers and
comments to the questions in the form.
The survey link is as follows:-
http://goo.gl/forms/SKxSqJzXoYX8Sa1s1
On the survey page I got the responses of the questions as provided below:
Among the total respondents, 70.3% were students and 17.6% were from service
sector. The respondents also had some business people which were around 6.8%. The
remaining 5.4% preferred to tick the others option.
45
Economy
The respondents were mostly young people. The maximum people i.e. 52.7% were
from the age group of 21-35. Around 36.5% respondents were below 20 years. The
other age groups shared the same percentage of 5.4.
*At the start the questions were basically general to attract the interest of the
respondent. So here are the questions:-
About 85.1% respondents said that they like visiting places. While 12.2% respondents
said that they sometimes like to discover new places. The other 2.7% people don’t
like visiting places. Tourism mainly depends on the nature of the people whether they
like visiting places or not.
46
Economy
About 33.8% respondents go to holidays once in a year, while 28.4% prefer to go
once in 6 months. The other 37.8% are equally divided into 18.9% each. Some go to
holidays in 3 months and the other in 1 month.
Around 60.8% respondents said that they prefer to go with their family and relatives.
The 31.1% respondents prefer to go with their friends on holidays. 6.8% people like
to go with their colleagues and the other 1.4% are happy to be discover places alone.
47
Economy
About 35.1% respondents use train as a transport to go on their journey, while 32.4%
said that they prefer the mode depending on the situation. Around 21.6% use any
private vehicle and 9.5% prefer bus as a means of transport. The other 1.4% prefer the
air mode.
Nature is the main interest for 41.9% respondents for selecting the place of visit.
About 28.4% people like the adventure in the place, while 13.5% respondents like
going to places seen on T.V. or in movie. 9.5% people prefer cultural places and 5.4%
like places of religious importance. The remaining 1.4% prefer visiting friends and
relatives.
48
Economy
Every respondent had some of the problems mentioned in the options that they face
while choosing a destination. Around 46.6% find the price factor as a difficulty, while
27.4% choose quality of service. 23.3% people preferred the others option and 15.1%
stressed on the reliability of the place. 5.5% had language difficulties of the visiting
place.
49
Economy
Tourists guide services are preferred to any specific places it is also an important
employment opportunity for many people. Among the respondents, 41.9% they prefer
guides depending on the place, while 36.5% don’t want the services. The other 21.6%
prefer tourist guides.
Due to development in technology, online travel website has become a emerging

business in tourism sector. Among the respondents, 62.2% have used an online travel
website, while the other 37.8% have not used any online services in tourism.
50
Economy
Around 50% people of total 58 responses have used MakeMyTrip app. The Yatra.com
stands second with 34.5% people followed by 25.9% people choosing other online
websites. TravelGuru website is used by 10.3% and 5.2% have used EaseMyTrip.
Thomas Cook being a foreign website has comparatively less users.
51
Economy
India has almost every reason to attract tourist from any part of the world. Among
34.7% people said that natural beauty is the biggest asset that India has apart from
other things. 29.2% think the diverse culture attracts the tourists, while 23.6% people
think each place of India offers a different experience. Around 9.7% said that the
warm hospitality of India is liked by tourists and the other 2.8% said the low cost in
India attracts tourists.
About 86.3% respondent said that tourism is important source of revenue for the
economy, while the other 13.7% were not sure.
52
Economy
Around 86.3% people agreed that increase in tourism generates employment in the
country, while 13.7 were not sure about the answer.
The Ministry of Tourism had launched a campaign to increase awareness about

tourism named “Incredible India”. Among 87.5% respondents were aware about the
government’s campaign, while 12.5% were not aware about the initiative.
53
Economy
“Athiti Devo Bhava” was a campaign initiated by the government to increase
awareness about tourism in the domestic as well as foreign tourists. About 74.3%
respondents think that this campaign increased awareness among the people, while
21.6% were had an uncertain answer. The other 4.1% said it did not increase
awareness.
54
Economy
There are 34 responses to this question. To conclude everyone has that one place
which they want to visit once in their life. This shows the scope of tourism, that no
matter what, people has a nature of visiting places and this sector will always have an
increasing trend.
55
Economy
CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
The recent development in tourism in India has shown that Tourism Industry is an
important industry of any country not only for generation of revenue but also for
maintaining the socio-cultural relations. Also tourism can play an important role in
preserving the environment and heritage places in India. The government has taken
many initiatives for conserving the natural habitats and the wildlife of the country.
The government’s recent initiatives related to tourism may boost the increase in
tourism in the coming years. Though there are developments in the tourism sector,
there are some areas which should be taken into consideration. The environment and
the culture of the place should be preserved. The local people of the place should have
a sense of warm nature towards the tourists which will also help in promotion of
tourism in India.
In the recent years, the Ministry of Tourism has initiated many developments in the
sector of tourism. The ministry has not only concentrated on foreign tourists, but is
also taking measures to encourage domestic tourism. The programmes like Bharat
Parv and Paryatan Parv which was launched by government focused to encourage
Indian tourists to visit the various places within the country.
The E-Tourist Visa facility was a successful initiative launched by the ministry as it
increased the tourism in large numbers. The main aim of this initiative was to increase
more business people and medical tourists in the country.
Tourism sector is one of the most important sector to increase employment, but it
should also benefit the local population. Most of the profit is earned by the large hotel
chain restaurants, which rarely employ the local staff for high management positions.
So some serious measures should be taken to encourage local entrepreneurs to start
their businesses and to guide them with good management and hospitality ethics.
Many projects have been sanctioned to maintain the heritage places and for providing
better facilities in these places. The government has entrusted private companies and
individuals for development of these places. These attempts may increase the foreign
56
Economy
tourists but should also focus on giving employment opportunities to the local
population.
The “Digital India” and “Make in India” projects have also been contributed in
tourism across the country. The increase in digitalization in the country has also
increased the scope of marketing of the tourism. Various state governments are doing
digital marketing to increase awareness about tourism in their respective state
governments. The Ministry has also launched the Incredible India Website which has
many useful features to the tourists about the knowing the places in India.
Recently a new train was launched which was manufactured under the “Make in
India” initiative, named “Vande Mataram Express”. The train has very excellent
features like GPS based information system, bio-vacuum toilets, on-board wifi
entertainment, CCTV cameras and many more. These projects can also gather foreign
tourists for a one time experience in cheaper rates. There were reports of damage of
the train done by some people on one of the stations. These incidents can hamper the
reputation of the country and its people. So some serious actions should be taken
against these incidents.
India being a spiritual land where there is diverse of culture, religions, traditions,
languages, cuisines, etc will always be the preferred option for travellers all around
the world.
Mark Twain quoted describing India “India is the cradle of the human race, the
birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legends, and
the great grandmother of tradition. Our most valuable and most constructive
materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only.”
With India leading in IT sector in the world, it will soon capture the world tourism
market in coming years.
57
Economy
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WEBLIOGRAPHY
1. “Tourism Industry in India” a book by Tapan K. Panda and Sitikantha Mishra.
2. World Travel and Torism Council’s report “Tourism and Travel Economic Impact
2018”.
3. Data provided by Ministry of Tourism of India.
4. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
5. “Annual Report 2017-2018” published by Ministry of Tourism of India.
6. Articles published by “The Economics Times of India”.
7. “Tourism Statistics at a glance- 2018” by Ministry of Tourism.
8. Reserve Bank of India for Statistical Data of foreign exchange earnings.
9. “Development and Impact of Tourism Industry in India” research paper by

H.Lalnunmawia.
10. Research on Medical Tourism presented by Shodhganga.
11. An article by Nathan Blecharczyk, the co-founder of Airbnb.
12. www.businessmapsofindia.com
13. www.moneycontrol.com
14. www.indiatoday.com
15. www.timesofindia.com
58
Economy

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A Project Submitted To

University of Mumbai for Partial Completion of the

MR.SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN

Under the Guidance of

M.V.M DEGREE COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

This is to certify that MR.SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN

PROF. SAMEENA CHAUDHARY

Date of Submission : 15th March 2020

The information submitted is true and original to the best of my knowledge.

MR.SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN

PROF. SAMEENA CHAUDHARY

SHAIKH MOHD ANAS KUTUBUDDIN

Sr No. List of Tables Page No.

1.1 INDIA AND TOURISM

Early Development in Tourism

1.2 Tourism in the Global Economy

2.1 Type of Research:-

The study on “Impact of increase in Tourism on Indian Economy” is a descriptive

2.2 Objectives of my study:-

 To have an overview of the tourism in India.

2.3 Limitations of my study:-

3.1 WHY DOES INDIA ATTRACTS TOURISTS?

2. Warm and Growing Hospitality

13. UNESCO World Heritage Sights

India has 37 UNESCO World Heritage Sights. It includes Khaziranga National

3.2 TYPES OF TOURISM

3.3.1 Positive Impacts:-

Tourism sector is an important source of revenue generation in the country.

3. Source of Foreign Exchange Earnings:-

Tourism is an important source of foreign exchange earnings in India. This has

4. Preservation of National Heritage and Environment:-

Tourism tends to encourage the development of multiple-use infrastructure that

6. Promoting Peace and Stability:-

3.3.2 Negative Impacts:-

1. Undesirable Social and Cultural Change:-

2. Increase Tension and Hostility:-

Tourism brought little benefit to the local community. In mostall-inclusive package

4. Adverse Effects on Environment and Ecology:-

Tourism is not exclusively an economic phenomenon, it also involves social, cultural,

 Encourage interest in shopping of souvenirs.

3.5 TOURISM MARKETING IN INDIA

Travel Booking is increasingly migrating online to the internet. It is business through

10. JAMMU AND KASHMIR

The organisations involved in the development of tourism are Ministry of Tourism,

Markets are volatile. Tourism is a very sensitive

1. National Tourism policy 2000:-

2. Incredible India Campaign:-

3. Atithi Devo Bhavah:-

4. Visit India 2009:-

5. Foreign direct Investment:-

6. Hunar Se Rozgar’ Programme:-

 Recent Initiatives Launched by Ministry of Tourism:-

1. Development of Tourism Infrastructure:-

Development of tourism infrastructure is being given priority to provide a better

2. Adopt A Heritage’ Project:-

Ministry of Tourism in close collaboration with Ministry of Culture and

1. Area surrounding Gangotri Temple & Trail to Gaumukh, Uttarakhand

2. Mt. Stok Kangri Trek, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir

3. Red Fort, New Delhi

4. Gandikota Fort, Andhra Pradesh

6. Jantar Mantar, Delhi

7. Qutub Minar, Delhi

8. Ajanta Caves, Maharashtra