..: . , .

1.
, (2)
.
. ,
. , :
y=x: x
y , , x
y. .
y=2: y 2 . , , y 2- .

y
2

y
y
2x
= x x = . , y,
2
2
2

.
.

Y=2x

x =

x=1 Y=21=2

y = 1 x =

x=2 Y=22=4
x=3 Y=23=6
..
x= Y=2=2

y = 2 x =
y = 3 x =

1
2

2
=1
2

3
= 1,5
2

.
y = x =

 ..: . , .

:
Y=ax: , y
- ( ) . ,

x =

y
. y, y.
a

y = 2x 2 + 10 :
, y 2-
10. , , .
: y = 2x 2 + 10

y 10
2

= x2 x =

y 10
2

, y 10 .

, ,
.
, :
(2) .

.

(u)

(t)

u = 2t

()

(t)

x = 4t + 6

()

(t)

K = 10t 10

()

()

= 0,1

()

(t)

x = 10 + 3 4t

 ..: . , .

2.
.

.
1 ()

ax + = 0 ,
(. ). : .
, (t),
(), (u) .
. ,

.
:

() 2t 10 = 0 2t = 10 t =

10
2

() 20 + 4x = 0 4x = 20 x =

20
x = 4
5

() 0 = x + 10 x = 10
(V) 40 = 20 + 10u 40 20 = 10u 20 = 10u
(V) 4t + 60 = 8t 60 = 8t 4t 60 = 4t

20
=u u =2
10

60
= t t = 15
4

(VI) 10u + 50 = 20u + 40 50 40 = 20u 10u 10 = 10u

10
=u u =1
10

2 ()

2 ax 2 + x + = 0 , ,
. :
.

 ..: . , .

!!! :

x1,2 =

= 2 4
() .
;

>0 ( ).
:

x1 =

+
2

x2 =

=0 :

x =

<0 ( ).

;; ..

5 .

 ..: . , .

() x 2 + 4x + 3 = 0
=1, =4, =3.
:
= 2 4 = 42 4 1 3 = 16 12 = 4 > 0

, , >0. 2 :
4 4 4 2
=
=
2
2 1
2

x1,2 =
x1 =

4 + 2 2
=
= 1
2
2

x1 = 1

x2 =

4 2 6
=
= 3
2
2

x2 = 3

() x 2 + 2x + 1 = 0
=1, =2, =1.
:
= 2 4 = 22 4 1 1 = 4 4 = 0

, , =0. 1 :

x =

2 2
=
=
= 1
2 2 1 2

x = 1

() x 2 + 2x + 2 = 0
=1, =2, =2.
:
= 2 4 = 22 4 1 2 = 4 8 = 4 < 0

, , <0. .

(V) 3t 2 + 4t + 1 = 0

 ..: . , .

=3, =4, =1.

:
= 2 4 = 42 4 3 1 = 16 12 = 4 > 0

, , >0. 2 :
4 4 4 2
=
=
2
23
6

t1,2 =
t1 =

4 + 2 2 1
=
=
6
6
3

t1 =

1
3

t2 =

4 + 2 6
=
= 1
6
6

t2 = 1

(V) u 2 + 3u = 5 u
.
;
(u2, u ).
u 2 + 3u = 5 u u 2 + 3u 5 + u = 0 u 2 + 4u 5 = 0

ax 2 + x + = 0 , =1, =4, =-5.

:
= 2 4 = 42 4 1 ( 5) = 16 + 20 = 36 > 0

, , >0. 2 :

u1,2 =
u1 =

4 + 6 2
= =1
2
2

u1 = 1

4 36 4 6
=
=
2
21
2

u2 =

4 6 10
=
= 5
2
2

u2 = 5

 ..: . , .

: =0.

: ax 2 + x = 0 .
:

ax 2 + x = 0 x (ax + ) = 0

=0

ax + = 0 ax = =

, , =

: =0 =0 =0.
:

() 8t 2 4t = 0

8t 2 4t = 0 4t (t 2) = 0
4t = 0 t = 0
t 2 = 0 t = 2

 ..: . , .

3.

.
.
.
, ,

x(m)

25
20
15
10
5

t(s)
0
0

10

12

x(m)

()

15
10
5
0
-5

10

12

t(s)

-10
-15

()

u(m/s)

..: . , .

25
20
15
10
5

t(s)
0
0

10

15

20

x(m)

()
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5

t(s)

0
-0,5 0

10

-1
-1,5
-2
-2,5

x(m)

(V)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10

t(s)

0
0

(V)

 ..: . , .

y 10
8
6
4
2

t(s)

0
-2 0

-2

10

-4
-6
-8
-10

x(m)

(VI)
25
20
15
10
5

t(s)

0
-5 0

10

12

-10
-15
-20
-25

x(m)

(VII)
25
20
15
10
5

t(s)

0
0

(VII)

10

 ..: . , .

(
)
( ).
;;;

(, ,
) ,
, . ,
.
.
;
.
;
. .
.
: =2t (
m t o s)

y=ax+,
( =0)
y-x (,
, , , , VI VII).
. (

). ,

.
t x.

11

 ..: . , .

.
. , ,

- .
, , ,
.
t
;; .
. ,
, ,
(/ ) t
1000 s, 195,5 s, 1.346.789 s . ! , ,
: 0 s, 1 s, 2s5 s . ,

. (
=0), yy ( y=0) , ,
(..
,
).
:
t=0 y=20=0 m
t=1 s y=21=2m
(0,0) (1,2) .
(0,0), .
(1,2) , ,
( ) (.. (2,4),
(3,6) ).

12

 ..: . , .

,
( (0,0) (1,2)).
y (m)

6
5
4
3
2
1

t(s)

0
-1

, ,
y=2x.
y (m)

6
5
4
3
2
1

t(s)

0
-1

y=ax+ ( ).
:

.
(.. , , ,
)

- --

13