Academic Year 2023/24, Semester I

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Applied Mathematics IIB (Math2041)
Exercise 2
1. The length and width of a rectangle increase at a rate of 3 cm/sec and 2 cm/sec respectively. At what
rate is the area increasing when its length is 10 m and its width is 6 m?

 
2. Compute the directional derivative of f at P in the direction of vector v . Find the unit vector u
for which the directional derivative of f becomes maximum at P. What is this maximum value?

a) f ( x, y ) e x  tan  1 y ; P ( 0,1) , v 3i  4 j b) f ( x, y, z )  y  x2  z 2 ; P (3, 1,  4) ,

v  2i  2 j  k

3. Find the direction in which f decreases most rapidly at the given point P .
x z
a) f ( x, y ) x ln( x  y ) ; P( 2, 3) b) f ( x, y, z )  ; P ( 1,1, 3)
yz

4. Find the equation of the tangent plane and normal line to the graph of
a) f ( x, y )  x  y at (9,1) b) f ( x, y ) arctan( x 2  y ) at ( 12 , 34 )

5. Find the equation of the tangent plane to the level surface

a) z 2  sin xy  2 at ( , 12 ,  1) b) xe y z  2 y  1 at (1,1, 0)

6. Find a point on the surface z = x2 - 3y2 at which the tangent plane is parallel to the plane 8x + 3y - z = 4

7. Show that every line normal to the double cone z 2  x 2  y 2 intersects the z-axis.
2 ln x
8. a) Let f ( x, y )  y  y . Find df

b) Approximate (0.02) 2  (8.9) 2 using differentials.

c) Find the error in the area of an ellipse if an error of 0.01 units is made in measuring the semi-major
axis a, and semi-minor axis b using differentials.

9. Find all extreme values of f on the region R.

a) f ( x, y ) 2 sin x  3 cos y ; R is the square region with vertices ( 0, 
2
), ( ,  2 ), ( , 2 ), (0, 2 ) .
b) f ( x, y )  x 2  y 2  2 x ; R is the triangular region with vertices (0,0), (2,0) and (0,2).
2 2
; R is the ring bounded by the circles x  y  12 and x 2  y 2 2
2
 y2
c) f ( x, y ) e x

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 Academic Year 2023/24, Semester I
10. Find all critical (stationary) points. Determine whether each critical point yields a relative maximum
value, a relative minimum value, or a saddle point.
2 4
a) f ( x, y )  x 2  6 xy  2 y 2  6 x  10 y  2 b) f ( x, y )  xy  x  y  8

c) f ( x, y ) 3 x 2 y  y 3  3x 2  3 y 2 d) f ( x, y )  xy(1  x  y )
e) f ( x, y )  x 4  y 4  4 xy  1 f) f ( x, y ) ( y  2) ln xy
2
g) f ( x, y ) e xy f) f ( x, y )  x 2  e y

11. Using Lagrange multipliers find extreme values f subjected to the given constraint. In each case
assume that the extreme values exist.
a) f ( x, y )  x  y 2 ; x 2  y 2 4 b) f ( x, y )  xy ; ( x  1) 2  y 2 1
c) f ( x, y, z )  x 2  y 2  z 2 ; 2 x  2 y  z 5 d) f ( x, y, z )  xyz ; x 2  y 2  4 z 2 6
x2  y2 2 1 1 1
e) f ( x, y , z )  2
; x  y 2  z 2 f) f ( x, y, z )  x  y  z; x  y  z 1
z 5

12. The temperature of a point on the unit sphere x 2  y 2  z 2 1 is given by T ( x, y, z )  xy  yz . Find the
hottest point on the sphere.

13. Find the maximum area of a right triangle whose perimeter is 4.

14. Let x and y be the acute angle of right angle triangle. Find the maximum value of sin x sin y .

15. A rectangular parallelepiped lies in the 1 st octant, with three sides on the coordinate planes and one
vertex on the plane 2 x  y  4 z 12 . Find the maximum possible volume of the parallelepiped.
16. Find the points on the sphere x 2  y 2  z 2 1 that are closest to or farthest from the point (4, 2,1)
17. Find points on the surface xy  z 2 1 that are closest to the origin.