Nom : CHABAH Affaire international G1

Prenom : Mokrane

Algeria's heavy reliance on fossil fuels, with 93.6% of its exports being oil and natural
gas, has been negatively impacted by fluctuating oil prices. To address this, the
Algerian government is striving to transition to renewable energy and a green
economy, given the country's abundant renewable resources. However, progress has
been slow, with an installed capacity of 354.3 MW for photovoltaic and wind power
plants as of June 2018, falling short of government targets. Despite significant efforts,
Algeria faces economic challenges tied to hydrocarbon dependency and substantial
carbon dioxide emissions. This paper serves as a valuable resource for researchers
and industrial companies seeking solutions to promote renewable energy in Algeria.
Algeria heavily depends on hydrocarbons for energy, with 93.6% of exports.
However, recognizing the need for sustainability and reducing greenhouse gas
emissions, Algeria is actively pursuing renewable energy sources like solar, wind,
hydro, biomass, and geothermal. An ambitious program aims to reach 22,000 MW of
renewable energy capacity by 2030, emphasizing both local use and export. This
work focuses on Algeria, the largest country in Africa, to assess its renewable energy
potential and usage. The goal is to offer valuable information for promoting
renewable energy, attracting local and foreign investors, and raising public
awareness. It gathers data from sources such as Science Direct, Wiley, and official
reports from the Algerian Ministry of Energy to provide a comprehensive overview of
the country's renewable energy landscape. Algeria, serves as a strategic gateway to
the continent due to its northern location facing Europe. Positioned between latitudes
35° and 38° north and longitudes 8° and 12° east, Algeria is divided into 48 provinces
and covers a vast area of 2,381,741 km2, with the Sahara Desert dominating 86% of
its land. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north and shares borders with
Mali and Niger to the south, and Tunisia and Libya to the east. CDER is at the
forefront of scientific research and technology development in renewable energy, and
its work aligns with the national research program in renewable energy, recognized
as a government priority. The primary focus of CDER is to conduct applied scientific
research and develop technology within the renewable energy sector. In recent
years, Algeria has taken significant steps to advance its renewable energy sector,
including the establishment of a new ministry, the Ministry of Environment and
Renewable Energies. Additionally, the Algerian government initiated a renewable
energy and efficiency development program in 2011, which was subsequently
revised in 2015.Algeria's geographical location, particularly in the Saharan regions,
offers favorable climatic conditions for harnessing renewable energy systems. In this
section, we'll explore Algeria's renewable energy potential, including solar energy,
wind, hydropower, geothermal, and biomass resources. Algeria's economy heavily
relies on fluctuating revenues from fossil fuels, particularly gas and oil. This
dependence impacts investments, including those in renewable energy. Despite
government efforts to diversify and attract foreign direct investment (FDI), the
electricity generation sector remains dominated by fossil fuels. In response to
challenges like global warming and economic dependence on fossil fuels, the
Algerian government has actively promoted the integration of renewable energy into
the national electricity grid and remote regions. This effort began with the launch of
the Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency Development Program in 2011.