Hoe Sin Yee 1002D78091 T3 Tutorial Entry 2 (Tutorial 6)

Outline the three aspects of working conditions that employer can do to respect the rights and privacy of its employees. Working conditions is the conditions under which the people work on the workplace. It affects the willingness and motivation level of employees to stay in the organization. Besides, it will also affect the safety, health and well-being of the employee. There are 3 types of working conditions which are health and safety, management styles, maternity and day-care arrangements. Business organization has a moral obligation not to expose workers to needless risks or to negligently their lives or health. Employers cannot ignore employees health and safety just to save cost. Other than that, co-workers must also act responsibility in order to avoid any injury to themselves and other workers. Sometimes, an injured worker can reasonably said to have voluntarily assumed the risk. However, there are also some problems with voluntary assumption of risk which is employer may not have told the jobs hazardous to employees and so employees will actually have a moral right to refuse dangerous work. Accidents are unpredictable and hard to be anticipated which often result from poor job practices and environments that fail to prioritize safety. So, Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) have claimed that to ensure that the working conditions are safe and healthy, at the same time impose a duty on employers to provide safe and healthy working conditions. Meanwhile, Social Security Organization (SOCSO) has claimed that to provide social security protection by social insurance which include medical and cash benefits, provision of artificial aids and rehabilitation to employees to reduce the sufferings and to provide financial guarantees and protection to the family. Some improvements can actually take by employer in sequence to reduce the harmful effects. For example, employer can break their jobs into smaller units, redesign of jobs and reduce workloads and responsibility. Next, will be the aspect of management styles. The two main reasons for employee resignation of job will be the work politic in their organization and have a poor relationship with the managers. There are three different types of management styles which are theory X, theory Y and theory Z. Theory X manager believe that workers dislike work and try to avoid so they try to coerce and bully workers into conformity with organizational objectives. Theory Y managers assume that employees are motivated by pride and self-fulfilment. While theory Z refers to those managers who hold Japanese-style of respecting their

Hoe Sin Yee 1002D78091 T3 Tutorial Entry 2 (Tutorial 6)

workers. Different management styles can bring different effects to their employees. However, problems will arise if managers choose the style that is disregard of the employees need, ability and predilection. For those managers who operate with rigid assumptions about human nature may damage employees interests and lose their respects. The last one will be the maternity and day-care arrangement. Since more and more women had participated in paid workforce, demand for maternity-leave policies and childcare services had also increased as women still bear the primary responsibility for child rearing. It has been proven that offering child care as a fringe benefit has become a costeffective policy in order to decrease absenteeism, boosting morale and loyalty, enhancing productivity and attracting new recruits. However, the disadvantages of offering child care might be women cant focus on their work. There are 3 moral concerns for this aspect. Firstly, it states that women have a right to compete on equal terrain with men and paid leave can reinforce that right. Secondly, it states that development of potential capacities is a moral ideal, and perhaps a human right, so women should not be forced to choose between childbearing and pursuing careers. Thirdly, it states that the work world often reproduces the traditional male-female division of labour within the family.