Judiciary

Judicial Branch: The judicial branch is responsible for interpre4ng and applying the laws. It
includes the courts, with the Supreme Court at the top. Judges in the judiciary make sure
that laws are followed, resolve disputes, and uphold jus4ce.

Importance of this branch:

Judicial Branch: The judicial branch ensures jus4ce and the rule of law. It acts as a check on
the other branches by ensuring that their ac4ons are legal and fair. The judiciary protects
individual rights and resolves disputes, which is crucial for maintaining a just society.

• Structure of the Judiciary

Supreme Court: Think of the Supreme Court as the highest authority in Bangladesh's legal
system, like the captain of a sports team. It has two parts:

§ Appellate Division: This division checks if lower courts made mistakes in their
decisions. For example, if someone thinks a lower court didn't follow the rules, they
can ask the Appellate Division to review the case.
§ High Court Division: This part of the Supreme Court looks out for people's rights.
For instance, if a ci4zen believes their basic rights, like freedom of speech, are being
violated, they can go to the High Court Division for help.

Lower Courts: These are like the star4ng players in a game. They handle most cases first.
For example, if there's a dispute between two people or a small crime, it starts in a lower
court.
• Independence of the Judiciary

1. Appointment: Judges are chosen based on their legal knowledge and experience, like
a sports coach selec4ng players for a team. Once they're judges, they can't be
removed just because the government disagrees with them.

2. Separa=on of Powers: This means that the judiciary, the government, and the
parliament have their own roles, like players on different teams. The judiciary can say
no to the government or parliament if they do something against the rules.

3. Judicial Service Commission: It's like the talent scouts who pick the best players for a
team. They make sure judges are qualified and capable.

4. Security of Tenure: Once someone becomes a judge, they can't be kicked out easily.
It's like a player geRng a contract that guarantees they'll play for the en4re season.

• Ac4vi4es of the Judiciary

1. Interpreta=on of Laws: Imagine laws are like game rules. The judiciary helps explain
these rules, so everyone knows how to play the game fairly.

2. Protec=on of Rights: Let's say a person's freedom of speech is restricted unfairly.

They can go to the judiciary, which acts like a referee to make sure the person's right
is protected.

3. Jus=ce: Just as referees make sure everyone follows the rules in a game, the judiciary
ensures that laws are followed in society. For example, in a dispute over property
ownership, the judiciary decides who's right.

4. Checking Government Ac=ons: If the government does something against the law or
the cons4tu4on, the judiciary can step in to correct it. For instance, if a government
policy violates ci4zens' rights, the judiciary can strike it down.

5. Writ Jurisdic=on: Imagine someone's right to educa4on is being denied unfairly. The
judiciary can issue a "writ" to order the government to provide that right.

6. Judicial Ac=vism: Some4mes, the judiciary takes extra steps to solve important
problems. For example, if there's a serious environmental issue, the judiciary can step
in to protect the environment.