Side on the debate: IN FAVOR

1. Empathy cannot be replaced

2. PROFESSIONALS have a non-linear working method

(1)The claim that the professions are immune to displacement by technology is

usually based on two assumptions: that computers are incapable of exercising
judgment or being creative or empathetic, and that these capabilities are
indispensable in the delivery of professional service. The first problem with this
position is empirical. As our research shows, when professional work is broken
down into component parts, many of the tasks involved turn out to be routine and
process-based. They do not in fact call for judgment, creativity, or empathy.
(1)The second problem is conceptual. Insistence that the outcomes of professional
advisers can only be achieved by sentient beings who are creative and empathetic
usually rests on what we call the “AI fallacy” — the view that the only way to get
machines to outperform the best human professionals will be to copy the way that
these professionals work. The error here is not recognizing that human
professionals are already being outgunned by a combination of brute processing
power, big data, and remarkable algorithms. These systems do not replicate human
reasoning and thinking. When systems beat the best humans at difficult games,
when they predict the likely decisions of courts more accurately than lawyers, or
when the probable outcomes of epidemics can be better gauged on the strength of
past medical data than on medical science, we are witnessing the work of
high-performing, unthinking machines.
3. There will always be tasks algorithms and robots can never complete
(2)Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted organisations, societies, and
individuals. It offers systematic capabilities of reasoning based on inputs and
learning via the differences of expected outcomes as it predicts and adapts to
changes in its ecosystems and stimulus that the system receives from its external
environment. When AI was in its formative years, the focus of algorithms was
generally restricted to supervised and unsupervised learning, whereby it borrowed
inspiration from biological organisms and physical properties of nature and
established these properties computationally to solve data intensive problems (Kar,
2016).

High hopes for advances in adaptive and individualized learning, but some doubt
that there will be any significant progress and worry over digital divide(Atske,Lou
Gross, professor of mathematical ecology and expert in grid computing, spatial
optimization and modeling of ecological systems at the University of Tennessee,
Knoxville, said, “I see AI as assisting in individualized instruction and training in
ways that are currently unavailable or too expensive. There are hosts of school
systems around the world that have some technology but are using it in very
constrained ways. AI use will provide better adaptive learning and help achieve a
teacher’s goal of personalizing education based on each student’s progress.” 2022)

4.People won’t have jobs.

(2)Some predict new work will emerge or solutions will be found, while others have
deep concerns about massive job losses and an unraveling society

Bob Metcalfe, Internet Hall of Fame member, co-inventor of Ethernet, founder of

3Com and now professor of innovation and entrepreneurship at the University of
Texas at Austin, said, “Pessimists are often right, but they never get anything done.
All technologies come with problems, sure, but … generally, they get solved. The
hardest problem I see is the evolution of work. Hard to figure out. Forty percent of
us used to know how to milk cows, but now less than 1% do. We all used to tell
elevator operators which floor we wanted, and now we press buttons. Most of us
now drive cars and trucks and trains, but that’s on the verge of being over. AIs are
most likely not going to kill jobs. They will handle parts of jobs, enhancing the
productivity of their humans.”
References

1. Susskind, R. (2017, 21 abril). Technology will replace many doctors,

lawyers, and other professionals. Harvard Business Review.
https://hbr.org/2016/10/robots-will-replace-doctors-lawyers-and-oth
er-professionals
2. Atske, S. (2018, diciembre 10). 3. Improvements ahead: How humans
and AI might evolve together in the next decade. Pew Research
Center: Internet, Science & Tech.
https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/12/10/improvements-ahe
ad-how-humans-and-ai-might-evolve-together-in-the-next-decade/